ST JOSEPH’S INSTITUTION

END OF YEAR EXAMINATION 2019

(Year 3)

CANDIDATE
NAME
INDEX
CLASS NUMBER

CHEMISTRY 6092 / 02
Paper 2 9 OCTOBER 2019
Additional Materials: NIL 1 hour 40 minutes
(0800 - 0940)
READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST

Write your name, class and index number on all the work you hand in.
Write in dark blue or black ink pen.
You may use a HB pencil for any diagrams or graphs.
Do not use staples, paper clips, glue or correction fluid.

Section A
Answer all questions in the spaces provided.

Section B
Answer all questions in the spaces provided.

At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together.
The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question.

The use of an approved scientific calculator is expected, where appropriate.

A copy of the Periodic Table is printed on page 2.

For Examiner’s Use

Section A / 40

Section B / 30

Total / 70

This document consists of 19 printed pages including this cover page.

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 Section A
Answer ALL questions in the spaces provided.
The total mark for this section is 40.

A1 At room temperature and pressure, zinc is a grey solid metal (melting point:
420 oC) while chlorine is a yellowish-green gas (melting point: -102 oC). Jason
heated a sample of zinc powder and chlorine gas is passed through. The
sample glows white-hot and a white substance is formed.
The melting point was found to be exactly 290 oC
Answer the following questions, making use of the information given above.

(a) What is the definition of a compound?

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(b) Jason thinks that the white substance formed is a compound. State two
pieces of evidence that Jason can use to support his answer.

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(c) How is the compound formed between zinc and chlorine different from a
mixture of zinc and chlorine? State one other difference, apart from the
melting and boiling points.

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(d) State the observation when aqueous silver nitrate is added into a solution
of the compound formed between zinc and chlorine.

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[Total : 5]

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A2 A sample of zinc was contaminated with magnesium carbonate. With the aid of
a labelled diagram, propose and explain a method to collect a dry and pure
sample of hydrogen gas.

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[Total : 5]

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A3 (a) The Kinetic Particle Theory explains the properties of solids, liquids
and gases in terms of the movement and arrangement of particles.
Liquids and gases both take up the shape of the container but a gas
always fills the container. Explain this using the ideas of Kinetic Particle
Theory.

liquid gas

fills container

does not fill container but takes up the

shape of the bottom of the container

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(b) The cooling curve of a sample of naphthalene is shown below.

Explain why the temperature of naphthalene remains constant at 80°C

in terms of the Kinetic Particle Theory.

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[Total : 5]

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A4 Separate pieces of cotton wool were soaked in ammonia solution and
concentrated hydrochloric acid. The cotton wool pieces were placed at each
end of a glass tube as shown below.

A white solid is formed at X after a while.

(a) Write the formula of the white solid formed at X.

...………….………………………………………………………………….[1]

(b) A second experiment was conducted at a higher temperature.

What difference(s) would there be in this experiment compared to the

earlier one? Explain your answer.

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(c) A third experiment is carried out where the experiment is repeated but
the glass tube is placed vertically with the cotton wool soaked in
concentrated hydrochloric acid on top as shown below.

rubber bung

cotton wool
soaked in
concentrated
hydrochloric
acid

glass tube

cotton wool soaked

in ammonia
solution

What difference(s) would you observe in this experiment compared to

the first experiment? Explain your answer.

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[ Total : 5 ]

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A5 (a) Sodium sulfate is prepared in the school science laboratory using dilute
sulfuric acid and sodium hydroxide solution.

(i) Sketch a labelled pH graph as dilute sulfuric acid is added to a fixed

volume of sodium hydroxide.

pH

volume of acid / cm3

[2]

(ii) Describe how a pure dry sample of sodium sulfate is prepared in

the science laboratory using the titration method.

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(iii) A student decided to compare the speed of the reaction of sulfuric

acid and ethanoic acid with sodium hydroxide solution. Explain
why, in terms of strength of the acids used, the reaction with
ethanoic acid is slower than with sulfuric acid.

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 (b) Describe the test and observations to identify the sulfate ions in sodium
sulfate solution.

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[Total : 10]

A6 The graph below shows the melting points of the Group VII elements.

(a) Describe how the melting points change as the atomic number
increases.

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 (b) Describe the observation when chlorine gas is bubbled into aqueous
potassium iodide. Explain the observation.

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[2]

(c) Write an ionic equation with state symbols for the reaction in (b).

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[Total : 5]

A7 A student carried out some experiments to place four metals, W, X, Y and Z in

order of reactivity. The table shows the results.

Key √ shows a reaction happened

x shows no reaction happened
- shows the experiment was not performed

metal W metal X metal Y metal Z

solution of W nitrate - x x x

solution of X nitrate √ - √ √

solution of Y nitrate √ x - √

solution of Z nitrate √ x x -

(a) Place the metals in order of reactivity, starting with the most reactive
metal.

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(b) Metal Z reacts with hydrochloric acid.
What would you see when metal Z reacts with hydrochloric acid?
Explain your reasoning.

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(c) Suggest a possible identity of Z.

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[Total : 5]

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 Section B
Answer all questions from this section in the spaces provided.
The total mark for this section is 30.

B8 (a) Mass spectrometry is an important technique which can identify the

amount and type of ions present in a sample by using a machine called
a mass spectrometer. In general, the two quantities that can be
measured are the mass/charge ratio (m/z) and the relative
abundance of ions in the sample.

Mass/charge (m/z) ratio: this is calculated by dividing the mass of an

ion by its charge. E.g. a sodium-23 ion, 23Na+, would have a m/z value
of 23. Hence, the m/z of an ion with a charge of 1+ is effectively its
relative mass.

Relative abundance: this refers to the percentage of a particular

isotope which occurs in nature. E.g. in a sample of chlorine, the relative
abundance of chlorine-35 is 75% and chlorine-37 is 25%.

In mass spectrometry, the sample is vapourised. Energy is then used to

knock off one or more electrons from atoms or molecules in the sample,
changing them into positive ions. If enough energy is supplied, some
bonds of molecules are broken and smaller positive ions are
formed.
An example is with nitrogen gas, where the positive ions that are formed
in mass spectrometry include:
 N+ of m/z value of 14 and 15,
 N2+ of m/z value of 28, 29 and 30.

The mass spectrometer records the m/z and relative abundance of all
ions in the form of a histogram, called a mass spectrum.

Figure 1 below shows the mass spectrum of a pure sample of lithium.

Relative abundance (%)

96.25
Additional information
It is known that all ions analysed in
this sample have a charge of 1+.

3.75
m/z
6 7
Figure 1: Mass spectrum of a pure sample of lithium

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Figure 2 below shows the mass spectrum of a pure sample of chlorine.
Relative abundance (%)
Additional information
75.0 It is known that all ions
analysed in this sample have
a charge of 1+.

25.0

m/z
35 37 70 x y
Figure 2: Mass spectrum of a pure sample of chlorine

(i) Explain how the data in Figure 1 shows that there are two
isotopes of lithium.

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(ii) State the values of x and y in Figure 2.

x is …………………………

y is ………………………… [2]

(iii) There are only two known isotopes of chlorine, Cl-35 and Cl-37.
Use the data in Figure 2 to suggest why there are 3 additional
peaks of 70, x and y on the mass spectrum of chlorine.

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(b) (i) Lithium and copper are both metals.
State three typical properties of copper that are different from
lithium.

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(ii) Draw a labelled diagram, showing the bonding structure of

copper.

[2]

[Total : 10]

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B9 One compound of nitrogen is boron nitride, BN.

Boron nitride exists in two physical forms. The structures of these forms
are shown below.

boron
atom

nitrogen
atom

Structure A Structure B

(a) State two differences in structure between the two forms of boron
nitride.

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(b) Structure A has a similar structure as graphite. State one use of

Structure A. Explain why Structure A is used for this purpose in terms
of the bonding present.

Use: ………………………………………………………………………

Explanation:………………………………………………………………

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(c) Structure B does not conduct electricity. Explain why in terms of
the bonding present.

Explanation: ………………………………………………………………

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(d) Another compound of nitrogen is lithium nitride, which is formed

when lithium reacts directly with nitrogen.

Lithium nitride has a melting point of 813°C. It reacts violently with

water to form lithium hydroxide and ammonia.

(i) Draw a dot-and-cross diagram, showing only valence

electrons, of the bonding present in lithium nitride.

[2]

(ii) The resulting aqueous mixture formed when lithium nitride is

added to water is a good conductor of electricity. Albert
suggested that the conductivity was due mainly to the lithium
hydroxide formed and not the ammonia.
Do you agree with Albert? Explain your choice.

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[Total : 10]

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B10 Iodine was reacted with silver nitrate in liquid pyridine (C5H5N) forming silver
iodide and an organic substance. After the silver iodide was removed, the
resulting solution was treated with an organic solvent to form a yellow solid.
Analysis of the yellow solid showed a composition of 45.6% pyridine, 17.8%
nitrate and the remaining being iodine.
(a) (i) By completing the table below, determine the empirical formula of
the yellow solid.

Substance I NO3- C5H5N

% by Mass 17.8 45.6

Ar/Mr of
substance

[3]

(ii) Given that the molar mass of the yellow solid is 347, find the
molecular formula of the yellow solid.

[2]

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(a) (iii) Another compound of iodine, potassium tetrachloroiodate, KICl4
(Mr = 308) can be made by reacting potassium iodate, KIO3 (Mr
= 214) with dilute hydrochloric acid according to the following
equation:
KIO3 + 6HCl → KICl4 + 3H2O + Cl2
Given that 2.28 g of potassium tetrachloroiodate was obtained
when 3.00 g of potassium iodate was used, determine the
percentage yield of the experiment.

[2]
(b) 6 dm3 of carbonyl sulfide (COS) and 6 dm3 of oxygen are burnt to form
carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide only. Determine the limiting reactant in
this reaction and calculate the total volume of gas(es) left at the end of
the reaction.

[3]

[Total:10]

-End of Paper-

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