Case 2-CPP B Shanthi
Case 2-CPP B Shanthi
Case 2-CPP B Shanthi
FITNESS STATUS
FITNESS STATUS FIT (WITH MEDICAL ADVICE) (AS PER REQUESTED PANEL OF TESTS)
Interpretation(s)
BLOOD COUNTS,EDTA WHOLE BLOOD-The cell morphology is well preserved for 24hrs. However after 24-48 hrs a progressive increase in MCV and HCT is observed leading
to a decrease in MCHC. A direct smear is recommended for an accurate differential count and for examination of RBC morphology.
WBC DIFFERENTIAL COUNT - NLR-
The optimal threshold of 3.3 for NLR showed a prognostic possibility of clinical symptoms to change from mild to severe in COVID positive patients. When age = 49.5 years
old and NLR = 3.3, 46.1% COVID-19 patients with mild disease might become severe. By contrast, when age < 49.5 years old and NLR < 3.3, COVID-19 patients tend to
show mild disease.
(Reference to - The diagnostic and predictive role of NLR, d-NLR and PLR in COVID-19 patients A.-P. Yang, et al. International Immunopharmacology 84 (2020) 106504
This ratio element is a calculated parameter and out of NABL scope.
ERYTHRO SEDIMENTATION RATE, BLOOD-Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) is a non - specific phenomena and is clinically useful in the diagnosis and monitoring of
disorders associated with an increased production of acute phase reactants. The ESR is increased in pregnancy from about the 3rd month and returns to normal by the 4th
week post partum. ESR is influenced by age, sex, menstrual cycle and drugs (eg. corticosteroids, contraceptives). It is especially low (0 -1mm) in polycythaemia,
hypofibrinogenemia or congestive cardiac failure and when there are abnormalities of the red cells such as poikilocytosis, spherocytosis or sickle cells.
Reference :
1. Nathan and Oski’s Haematology of Infancy and Childhood, 5th edition
2. Paediatric reference intervals. AACC Press, 7th edition. Edited by S. Soldin
3. The reference for the adult reference range is “Practical Haematology by Dacie and Lewis, 10th Edition”
CORONARY RISK PROFILE (LIPID PROFILE), SERUM-Serum cholesterol is a blood test that can provide valuable information for the risk of coronary artery disease This test
can help determine your risk of the build up of plaques in your arteries that can lead to narrowed or blocked arteries throughout your body (atherosclerosis). High
cholesterol levels usually don''''''''''''''''t cause any signs or symptoms, so a cholesterol test is an important tool. High cholesterol levels often are a significant risk factor for
heart disease and important for diagnosis of hyperlipoproteinemia, atherosclerosis, hepatic and thyroid diseases.
Serum Triglyceride are a type of fat in the blood. When you eat, your body converts any calories it doesn''''''''''''''''t need into triglycerides, which are stored in fat cells. High
triglyceride levels are associated with several factors, including being overweight, eating too many sweets or drinking too much alcohol, smoking, being sedentary, or having
diabetes with elevated blood sugar levels. Analysis has proven useful in the diagnosis and treatment of patients with diabetes mellitus, nephrosis, liver obstruction, other
diseases involving lipid metabolism, and various endocrine disorders. In conjunction with high density lipoprotein and total serum cholesterol, a triglyceride determination
provides valuable information for the assessment of coronary heart disease risk.It is done in fasting state.
High-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol. This is sometimes called the ""good"" cholesterol because it helps carry away LDL cholesterol, thus keeping arteries open and
blood flowing more freely.HDL cholesterol is inversely related to the risk for cardiovascular disease. It increases following regular exercise, moderate alcohol consumption
and with oral estrogen therapy. Decreased levels are associated with obesity, stress, cigarette smoking and diabetes mellitus.
SERUM LDL The small dense LDL test can be used to determine cardiovascular risk in individuals with metabolic syndrome or established/progressing coronary artery
disease, individuals with triglyceride levels between 70 and 140 mg/dL, as well as individuals with a diet high in trans-fat or carbohydrates. Elevated sdLDL levels are
associated with metabolic syndrome and an ‘atherogenic lipoprotein profile’, and are a strong, independent predictor of cardiovascular disease.
Elevated levels of LDL arise from multiple sources. A major factor is sedentary lifestyle with a diet high in saturated fat. Insulin-resistance and pre-diabetes have also been
implicated, as has genetic predisposition. Measurement of sdLDL allows the clinician to get a more comprehensive picture of lipid risk factors and tailor treatment
accordingly. Reducing LDL levels will reduce the risk of CVD and MI.
Recommendations:
Results of Lipids should always be interpreted in conjunction with the patient’s medical history, clinical presentation and other findings.