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Sampling

Tim wishes to investigate the health of different types of carp in a lake. He decides to take a sample of 160 fish to estimate the populations. Stratified random sampling cannot be used because the populations are not evenly distributed. Proportional random sampling should be used instead to fairly represent each type of carp. Helen and George took samples of weather data at Heathrow airport in 2015 to make inferences. Their original samples showed different outcomes than when all the data was examined, so they could not make reliable conclusions about the full dataset based on just their samples. Taruni collected commute time data from all employees at a company. She found the interquartile range, mean, and standard deviation. The median and IQR

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mathilde.lemfrog
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66 views

Sampling

Tim wishes to investigate the health of different types of carp in a lake. He decides to take a sample of 160 fish to estimate the populations. Stratified random sampling cannot be used because the populations are not evenly distributed. Proportional random sampling should be used instead to fairly represent each type of carp. Helen and George took samples of weather data at Heathrow airport in 2015 to make inferences. Their original samples showed different outcomes than when all the data was examined, so they could not make reliable conclusions about the full dataset based on just their samples. Taruni collected commute time data from all employees at a company. She found the interquartile range, mean, and standard deviation. The median and IQR

Uploaded by

mathilde.lemfrog
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Sampling - Year 1 Statistics PhysicsAndMathsTutor.

com

Questions
Q1.

A lake contains three different types of carp.

There are an estimated 450 mirror carp, 300 leather carp and 850 common carp.

Tim wishes to investigate the health of the fish in the lake.

He decides to take a sample of 160 fish.

(a) Give a reason why stratified random sampling cannot be used.


(1)
(b) Explain how a sample of size 160 could be taken to ensure that the estimated
populations of each
type of carp are fairly represented.
You should state the name of the sampling method used.
(2)
As part of the health check, Tim weighed the fish.

His results are given in the table below.

(c) Calculate an estimate for the standard deviation of the weight of the carp.
(2)
Tim realised that he had transposed the figures for 2 of the weights of the fish.

He had recorded in the table 2.3 instead of 3.2 and 4.6 instead of 6.4.

(d) Without calculating a new estimate for the standard deviation, state what effect
(i) using the correct figure of 3.2 instead of 2.3
(ii) using the correct figure of 6.4 instead of 4.6
would have on your estimated standard deviation.
Give a reason for each of your answers.
(2)

(Total for question = 7 marks)


Sampling - Year 1 Statistics PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com

Q2.

Helen is studying one of the qualitative variables from the large data set for Heathrow from
2015.

She started with the data from 3rd May and then took every 10th reading.

There were only 3 different outcomes with the following frequencies

(a) State the sampling technique Helen used.


(1)
(b) From your knowledge of the large data set
(i) suggest which variable was being studied,
(ii) state the name of outcome A.
(2)
George is also studying the same variable from the large data set for Heathrow from 2015.
He started with the data from 5th May and then took every 10th reading and obtained the
following

Helen and George decided they should examine all of the data for this variable for Heathrow
from 2015 and obtained the following

(c) State what inference Helen and George could reliably make from their original samples
about the outcomes of this variable at Heathrow, for the period covered by the large data set
in 2015.
(1)

(Total for question = 4 marks)


Sampling - Year 1 Statistics PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com

Q3.
Charlie is studying the time it takes members of his company to travel to the office.
He stands by the door to the office from 08 40 to 08 50 one morning and asks workers, as
they arrive, how long their journey was.

(a) State the sampling method Charlie used.


(1)
(b) State and briefly describe an alternative method of non-random sampling Charlie could
have used to obtain a sample of 40 workers.
(2)
Taruni decided to ask every member of the company the time, x minutes, it takes them to
travel to the office.

(c) State the data selection process Taruni used.


(1)
Taruni's results are summarised by the box plot and summary statistics below.

(d) Write down the interquartile range for these data.


(1)
(e) Calculate the mean and the standard deviation for these data.
(3)
(f) State, giving a reason, whether you would recommend using the mean and standard
deviation or the median and interquartile range to describe these data.
(2)
Rana and David both work for the company and have both moved house since Taruni
collected her data.

Rana's journey to work has changed from 75 minutes to 35 minutes and David's journey to
work has changed from 60 minutes to 33 minutes.

Taruni drew her box plot again and only had to change two values.

(g) Explain which two values Taruni must have changed and whether each of these values
has increased or decreased.
(3)

(Total for question = 13 marks)


Sampling - Year 1 Statistics PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com

Q4.

(a) State one disadvantage of using quota sampling compared with simple random
sampling.
(1)
In a university 8% of students are members of the university dance club.

A random sample of 36 students is taken from the university.

The random variable X represents the number of these students who are members of the
dance club.

(b) Using a suitable model for X, find


(i) P(X = 4)
(ii) P(X ≥ 7)
(3)
Only 40% of the university dance club members can dance the tango.

(c) Find the probability that a student is a member of the university dance club and can
dance the tango.
(1)
A random sample of 50 students is taken from the university.

(d) Find the probability that fewer than 3 of these students are members of the university
dance club and can dance the tango.
(2)

(Total for question = 7 marks)


Sampling - Year 1 Statistics PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com

Mark Scheme
Q1.
Sampling - Year 1 Statistics PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com

Q2.

Q3.
Sampling - Year 1 Statistics PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com
Sampling - Year 1 Statistics PhysicsAndMathsTutor.com

Q4.

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