List of Ig Nobel Prize winners

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This is a list of Ig Nobel Prize winners from 1991 to the present day. A parody of the Nobel Prizes, the Ig Nobel Prizes are given each year in early October around the time the recipients of the genuine Nobel Prizes are announced for ten achievements that "first make people laugh, and then make them think." Commenting on the 2006 awards, Marc Abrahams, editor of Annals of Improbable Research, co-sponsor of the awards, said: "The prizes are intended to celebrate the unusual, honour the imaginative - and spur people's interest in science, medicine and technology."[1] All prizes are awarded for real achievements (except for three in 1991 and one in 1994 due to an erroneous press release).
Contents
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o o

1 1991 1.1 Apocryphal achievements 2 1992 3 1993 4 1994 4.1 Apocryphal achievements, no longer

officially listed

5 1995 6 1996 7 1997 8 1998 9 1999 10 2000 11 2001 12 2002 13 2003 14 2004 15 2005 16 2006 17 2007 18 2008

19 2009 20 2010 21 References 22 External links

[edit]1991
Biology - Robert Klark Graham, selector of seeds and prophet of propagation, for his pioneering

development of the Repository for Germinal Choice, a sperm bank that accepts donations only from Nobellians and Olympians.

Chemistry - Jacques Benveniste, prolific proselytizer and dedicated correspondent of Nature, for his

persistent discovery that water, H2O, is an intelligent liquid, and for demonstrating to his satisfaction that water is able to remember events long after all traces of those events have vanished (see water memory, his proposed explanation for homeopathy).

Economics - Michael Milken, titan of Wall Street and father of the junk bond, to whom the world is

indebted.

Education - J. Danforth Quayle, consumer of time and occupier of space (as well as the U.S. Vice

President from 1989-93), for demonstrating, better than anyone else, the need for science education.

Literature - Erich von Dniken, visionary raconteur and author of Chariots of the Gods?, for explaining

how human civilization was influenced by ancient astronauts from outer space.

Medicine - Alan Kligerman, deviser of digestive deliverance, vanquisher of vapor, and inventor

of Beano, for his pioneering work with anti-gas liquids that prevent bloat, gassiness, discomfort and embarrassment.

Peace - Edward Teller, father of the hydrogen bomb and first champion of the Star Wars weapons

system, for his lifelong efforts to change the meaning of peace as we know it.

[edit]Apocryphal

achievements

The first nomination also featured three fictional recipients for fictional achievements.[2]

Interdisciplinary research: Josiah S. Carberry, for his work in psychoceramics, the study of "cracked

pots."

Pedestrian technology: Paul DeFanti, "wizard of structures and crusader for public safety, for his

invention of the Buckybonnet, ageodesic fashion structure that pedestrians wear to protect their heads and preserve their composure".

Physics: Thomas Kyle, for his discovery of "the heaviest element in the universe, Administratium".

[edit]1992
Archaeology - Eclaireurs de France (a French Scouting organization), removers of graffiti, for

damaging the prehistoric paintings of twoBisons in the Cave of Mayrire suprieure near the French village of Bruniquel.[3]

Art - Presented jointly to Jim Knowlton, modern Renaissance man, for his classic anatomy poster

"Penises of the Animal Kingdom," and to the U.S. National Endowment for the Arts, for encouraging Mr. Knowlton to extend his work in the form of a pop-up book.

Biology - Dr. Cecil Jacobson, relentlessly generous sperm donor, and prolific patriarch of sperm

banking, for devising a simple, single-handed method of quality control.

Chemistry - Ivette Bassa, constructor of colourful colloids, for her role in the crowning achievement of

twentieth century chemistry, the synthesis of bright blue Jell-O.

Economics - The investors of Lloyd's of London, heirs to 300 years of dull prudent management, for

their bold attempt to insure disaster by refusing to pay for their company's losses.

Literature - Yuri Struchkov,[4] unstoppable author from the Institute of Organoelement

Compounds[5] in Moscow, for the 948 scientific papers he published between the years 1981 and 1990, averaging more than one every 3.9 days.

Medicine - F. Kanda, E. Yagi, M. Fukuda, K. Nakajima, T. Ohta, and O. Nakata of

the Shiseido Research Center in Yokohama, for their pioneering research study "Elucidation of Chemical Compounds Responsible for Foot Malodour," especially for their conclusion that people who think they have foot odor do, and those who don't, don't.[6]

Nutrition - The utilizers of SPAM, courageous consumers of canned comestibles, for 54 years of

undiscriminating digestion.

Peace - Daryl Gates, former police chief of the City of Los Angeles, for his uniquely compelling

methods of bringing people together.

Physics - David Chorley and Doug Bower, lions of low-energy physics, for their circular contributions

to field theory based on thegeometrical destruction of English crops.

[edit]1993
Biology - Presented jointly to Paul Williams Jr. of the Oregon State Health Division and Kenneth W.

Newel of the Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, bold biological detectives, for their pioneering study, "Salmonella Excretion in Joy-Riding Pigs[7] ".

Chemistry - Presented jointly to James Campbell and Gaines Campbell of Lookout Mountain,

Tennessee, dedicated deliverers of fragrance, for inventing scent strips, the odious method by which perfume is applied to magazine pages.

Consumer Engineering - Presented to Ron Popeil, incessant inventor and perpetual pitchman of late

night television, for redefining the industrial revolution with such devices as the Veg-O-Matic, the Pocket Fisherman, Mr. Microphone, and the Inside-the-Shell Egg Scrambler.

Economics - Presented to Ravi Batra of Southern Methodist University, shrewd economist and best-

selling author of The Great Depression of 1990 (ISBN 978-044020168-7) and Surviving the Great Depression of 1990, (ISBN 978-067166324-7) for selling enough copies of his books to single-handedly prevent worldwide economic collapse.

Literature - Presented to E. Topol, R. Califf, F. Van de Werf, P. W. Armstrong, and their 972 co-

authors,[8] for publishing a medical research paper which has one hundred times as many authors as pages. The authors are from the following countries: Australia, Belgium,Canada, France, Germany, Ireland, Israel, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Poland, Spain, Switzerland, the United Kingdom, and the United States.

Mathematics - Presented to Robert W. Faid of Greenville, South Carolina, farsighted and faithful seer

of statistics, for calculating the exact odds (710,609,175,188,282,000 to 1) that Mikhail Gorbachev is the Antichrist.[9]

Medicine - Presented to James F. Nolan, Thomas J. Stillwell, and John P. Sands, Jr., medical men of

mercy, for their painstaking research report, "Acute Management of the Zipper-Entrapped Penis".[10]

Peace - The Pepsi-Cola Company of the Philippines, for sponsoring a contest to create a millionaire,

and then announcing the wrong winning number, thereby inciting and uniting 800,000 riotously expectant winners, and bringing many warring factions together for the first time in their nation's history.[11]

Physics - Presented to Corentin Louis Kervran of France, ardent admirer of alchemy, for his

conclusion that the calcium in chickens' eggshells is created by a process of cold fusion.[12]

Psychology - Presented jointly to John Edward Mack of Harvard Medical School and David M.

Jacobs of Temple University, for their conclusion that people who believe they were kidnapped by aliens from outer space, probably were and especially for their conclusion, "the focus of the abduction is the production of children".[13]

Visionary Technology - Presented jointly to Jay Schiffman of Farmington Hills, Michigan, crack

inventor of AutoVision, an image projection device that makes it possible to drive a car and watch television at the same time, and to the Michigan State Legislature, for making it legal to do so.

[edit]1994

Biology - Presented to W. Brian Sweeney, Brian Krafte-Jacobs, Jeffrey W. Britton, and Wayne

Hansen, for their breakthrough study, "The Constipated Serviceman: Prevalence Among Deployed US Troops," and especially for their numerical analysis of bowel movementfrequency.[14]

Chemistry - Presented to Texas State Senator Bob Glasgow, wise writer of logical legislation, for

sponsoring the 1989 drug control law which makes it illegal to purchase beakers, flasks, test tubes, or other laboratory glassware without a permit.

Economics - Presented to Juan Pablo Dvila of Chile, tireless trader of financial futures and former

employee of the state-owned companyCodelco, for instructing his computer to "buy" when he meant "sell". He subsequently attempted to recoup his losses by making increasingly unprofitable trades that ultimately lost 0.5 percent of Chile's gross national product. Davila's relentless achievement inspired his countrymen to coin a new verb, "davilar", meaning "to botch things up royally".

Entomology - Presented to Robert A. Lopez of Westport, NY, valiant veterinarian and friend of all

creatures great and small, for his series of experiments in obtaining ear mites from cats, inserting them into his own ear, and carefully observing and analyzing the results.

Literature - Presented to L. Ron Hubbard, ardent author of science fiction and founding father

of Scientology, for his crackling Good Book, Dianetics, which is highly profitable to mankind, or to a portion thereof.

Mathematics - Presented to The Southern Baptist Church of Alabama, mathematical measurers

of morality, for their county-by-county estimate of how many Alabama citizens will go to Hell if they don't repent.

Medicine - Two prizes. First, to Patient X, formerly of the US Marine Corps, valiant victim of a

venomous bite from his pet rattlesnake, for his determined use of electroshock therapy. At his own insistence, automobile spark plug wires were attached to his lip, and the car engine revved to 3,000 rpm for five minutes. Second, to Dr. Richard C. Dart of the Rocky Mountain Poison Center and Dr. Richard A. Gustafson of The University of Arizona Health Sciences Center, for their well-grounded medical report, "Failure of Electric Shock Treatment for Rattlesnake Envenomation."[15]

Peace - Presented to John Hagelin of Maharishi University and The Institute of Science, Technology

and Public Policy, for his experimental conclusion that 4,000 trained meditators caused an 18 percent decrease in violent crime in Washington, D.C..[16]

Psychology - Presented to Lee Kuan Yew, former Prime Minister of Singapore, for his thirty-year

study of the effects of punishing three million citizens of Singapore whenever they spat, chewed gum, or fed pigeons.

[edit]Apocryphal

achievements, no longer officially listed

Physics - Presented to The Japanese Meteorological Agency, for its seven-year study of

whether earthquakes are caused by catfishwiggling their tails. This winner is not officially listed, as it was based on what turned out to be erroneous press accounts.

[edit]1995
Chemistry - Presented to Bijan Pakzad of Beverly Hills, for creating DNA Cologne and DNA Perfume,

neither of which containdeoxyribonucleic acid, and both of which come in a triple helix bottle.

Dentistry - Presented to Robert H. Beaumont, of Shoreview, Minnesota, for his incisive study "Patient

Preference for Waxed or Unwaxed Dental Floss."[17]

Economics - Presented jointly to Nick Leeson and his superiors at Barings Bank and to Robert

Citron of Orange County, California for using the calculus of derivatives to demonstrate that every financial institution has its limits.

Literature - Presented to David B. Busch and James R. Starling, of Madison, Wisconsin, for their

research report, "Rectal Foreign Bodies: Case Reports and a Comprehensive Review of the World's Literature." The citations include reports of, among other items: sevenlight bulbs; a knife sharpener; two flashlights; a wire spring; a snuff box; an oil can with potato stopper; eleven different forms of fruits,vegetables and other foodstuffs; a jeweler's saw; a frozen pig's tail; a tin cup; a beer glass; and one patient's remarkable ensemble collection consisting of spectacles, a suitcase key, a tobacco pouch and a magazine.[18]

Medicine - Presented to Marcia E. Buebel, David S. Shannahoff-Khalsa, and Michael R. Boyle, for

their study entitled "The Effects of Unilateral Forced Nostril Breathing on Cognition."[19]

Nutrition - Presented to John Martinez of J. Martinez & Company in Atlanta, for Luak Coffee, the

world's most expensive coffee, which is made from coffee beans ingested and excreted by the luak, a bobcat-like animal native to Indonesia.

Peace - Presented to the Taiwan National Parliament, for demonstrating that politicians gain more

by punching, kicking and gouging each other than by waging war against other nations.

Physics - Presented to Dominique M.R. Georget, R. Parker, and Andrew C. Smith of Norwich,

England, for their rigorous analysis of soggy breakfast cereal. It was published in the report entitled "A Study of the Effects of Water Content on the Compaction Behaviour of Breakfast Cereal Flakes."[20]

Psychology - Presented to Shigeru Watanabe, Junko Sakamoto, and Masumi Wakita, of Keio

University, for their success in trainingpigeons to discriminate between the paintings of Picasso and those of Monet.[21]

Public Health - Presented to Martha Kold Bakkevig of Sintef Unimed in Trondheim, Norway, and Ruth

Nielsen of the Technical University of Denmark, for their exhaustive study, "Impact of Wet Underwear on Thermoregulatory Responses and Thermal Comfort in the Cold."[22]

[edit]1996
Art - Presented to Don Featherstone of Fitchburg, Massachusetts, for his ornamentally evolutionary

invention, the plastic pink flamingo. Featherstone was the first Ig Nobel Prize winner to appear in person at the awards ceremony to accept the award.[23]

Biodiversity - Presented to Chonosuke Okamura of the Okamura Fossil Laboratory in Nagoya,

Japan, for discovering the fossils ofdinosaurs, horses, dragons, and more than one thousand other extinct "mini-species", each of which is less than 0.25 mm in length.

Biology - Presented jointly to Anders Barheim and Hogne Sandvik of the University of Bergen,

Norway, for their report, "Effect of Ale, Garlic, and Soured Cream on the Appetite of Leeches."[24]

Chemistry - Presented to George Goble of Purdue University, for his blistering world record time for

igniting a barbecue grill: three seconds, using charcoal and liquid oxygen.[25]

Economics - Presented to Dr. Robert J. Genco of the University at Buffalo for his discovery that

"financial strain is a risk indicator for destructive periodontal disease."[26]

Literature - Presented to the editors of the journal Social Text for eagerly publishing meaningless

research that they could not understand, which claimed that reality does not exist. (See Sokal Affair for details).

Medicine - Presented to James Johnston of R.J. Reynolds, Joseph Taddeo of U.S. Tobacco, Andrew

Tisch of Lorillard, William Campbellof Philip Morris, Edward A. Horrigan of Liggett Group, Donald S. Johnston of American Tobacco Company, and Thomas E. Sandefur, Jr., chairman of Brown and Williamson Tobacco Company, for their unshakable discovery, as testified to the U.S. Congress, that nicotine is not addictive.

Peace - Presented to Jacques Chirac, President of France, for commemorating the fiftieth anniversary

of Hiroshima with atomic bombtests in the Pacific.

Physics - Presented to Robert Matthews of Aston University, England, for his studies of Murphy's

Law, and especially for demonstrating that toast often falls on the buttered side.[27]

Public Health - Presented to Ellen Kleist of Nuuk, Greenland and Harald Moi of Oslo, Norway, for

their cautionary medical report "Transmission of Gonorrhea Through an Inflatable Doll."[28]

[edit]1997

Astronomy - Presented to Richard C. Hoagland of New Jersey, for identifying artificial features on the

moon and on Mars, including a human face on Mars and ten-mile high buildings on the far side of the moon.[29]

Biology - Presented to T. Yagyu and his colleagues from the University Hospital of Zurich,

Switzerland, the Kansai Medical University inOsaka, Japan, and the Neuroscience Technology Research in Prague, Czech Republic, for measuring people's brainwave patterns while they chewed different flavors of gum.[30]

Communications - Presented to Sanford Wallace, president of Cyber Promotions of Philadelphia.

Nothing has stopped this self-appointed courier from delivering electronic junk mail to all the world.

Economics - Presented to Akihiro Yokoi of Wiz Company in Chiba, Japan, and Aki Maita

of Bandai Company in Tokyo, for diverting millions of man-hours of work into the husbandry of virtual pets.

Entomology - Presented to Mark Hostetler of the University of Florida, for his book, That Gunk on

Your Car, (ISBN 978-089815961-5) which identifies the insect splats that appear on automobile windows.

Literature - Presented to Doron Witztum, Eliyahu Rips, and Yoav Rosenberg of Israel, and to Michael

Drosnin of the United States, for their statistical discovery that the Bible contains a secret, hidden code.[31]

Medicine - Presented to Carl J. Charnetski and Francis X. Brennan, Jr. of Wilkes University, and

James F. Harrison of Muzak Ltd. inSeattle, Washington, for their discovery that listening to Muzak stimulates immunity system production and thus may help prevent thecommon cold.[32]

Meteorology - Presented to Bernard Vonnegut of the State University of New York at Albany, for his

report, "Chicken Plucking as Measure of Tornado Wind Speed."[33]

Peace - Presented to Harold Hillman of the University of Surrey, England, for his report "The Possible

Pain Experienced During Execution by Different Methods."[34]

Physics - Presented to John Bockris of Texas A&M University, for his achievements in cold fusion, in

the transmutation of base elements into gold, and in the electrochemical incineration of domestic rubbish.

[edit]1998
Chemistry - Presented to Jacques Benveniste of France, for his homeopathic discovery that not only

does water have memory, but that the information can be transmitted over telephone lines and the Internet.
[35]

Biology - Presented to Peter Fong of Gettysburg College, Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, for contributing

to the happiness of clams by giving them Prozac.[36]

Economics - Presented to Richard Seed of Chicago for his efforts to stoke up the world economy

by cloning himself and other human beings.[37]

Literature - Presented to Dr. Mara Sidoli of Washington, DC, for her illuminating report, "Farting as a

Defence Against Unspeakable Dread".[38]

Medicine - Presented to Patient Y and to his doctors, Caroline Mills, Meirion Llewelyn, David Kelly,

and Peter Holt, of Royal Gwent Hospital, in Newport for the cautionary medical report, "A Man Who Pricked His Finger and Smelled Putrid for 5 Years." [39]

Peace - Presented to Prime Minister of India, Shri Atal Bihari Vajpayee and Prime Minister of

Pakistan, Nawaz Sharif, for their aggressively peaceful detonations of atomic bombs.

Physics - Presented to Deepak Chopra of The Chopra Center for Well Being, La Jolla, California, for

his unique interpretation of quantum physics as it applies to life, liberty, and the pursuit of economic happiness.[40]

Safety Engineering - Presented to Troy Hurtubise, of North Bay, Ontario, for developing and

personally testing a suit of armor that is impervious to grizzly bears.

Science Education - Presented to Dolores Krieger, Professor Emerita, New York University, for

demonstrating the merits of therapeutic touch, a method by which nurses manipulate the energy fields of ailing patients by carefully avoiding physical contact with those patients.

Statistics - Presented to Jerald Bain of Mt. Sinai Hospital in Toronto and Kerry Siminoski of

the University of Alberta, for their carefully measured report, "The Relationship Among Height, Penile Length, and Foot Size".[41]

[edit]1999
Biology - Presented to Dr. Paul Bosland, director of The Chile Pepper Institute, New Mexico State

University, Las Cruces, New Mexico, for breeding a spiceless jalapeo chili pepper.

Chemistry - Presented to Takeshi Makino, president of The Safety Detective Agency in Osaka, Japan,

for his involvement with S-Check, an infidelity detection spray that wives can apply to their husbands' underwear.

Environmental Protection - Presented to Hyuk-ho Kwon of Kolon Company of Seoul, South Korea,

for inventing the self-perfumingbusiness suit.

Literature - Presented to the British Standards Institution for its six-page specification (BS 6008) of the

proper way to make a cup of tea.

Managed Health Care - Presented to George Blonsky and Charlotte Blonsky of New York

City and San Jose, California, for inventing a device (U.S. Patent 3,216,423) to aid women in giving birth: the woman is strapped onto a circular table, and the table is then rotated at high speed.

Medicine - Presented to Dr. Arvid Vatle of Stord, Norway, for carefully collecting, classifying, and

contemplating which kinds of containers his patients chose when submitting urine samples.

Peace - Presented to Charl Fourie and Michelle Wong of Johannesburg, South Africa, for inventing

the Blaster, a foot-pedal activatedflamethrower that motorists can use against carjackers.

Physics - Presented to Dr. Len Fisher of Bath, England and Sydney, Australia for calculating the

optimal way to dunk a biscuit.[42] Also, to Professor Jean-Marc Vanden-Broeck of the University of East Anglia, England, and Belgium, for calculating how to make a teapot spout that does not drip.[43]

Science Education - Presented to the Kansas State Board of Education and the Colorado State

Board of Education, for mandating that children should not believe in Darwin's theory of evolution any more than they believe in Newton's theory of gravitation, Faraday's andMaxwell's theory of electromagnetism, or Pasteur's theory that germs cause disease.

Sociology - Presented to Steve Penfold, of York University in Toronto, for doing his Ph.D. thesis on

the history of Canadian doughnutshops.[44]

[edit]2000
Biology - Presented to Richard Wassersug of Dalhousie University, for his firsthand report, "On the

Comparative Palatability of Some Dry-Season Tadpoles from Costa Rica".

Chemistry - Presented to Donatella Marazziti, Alessandra Rossi, and Giovanni B. Cassano of

the University of Pisa, Italy, and Hagop S. Akiskal of the University of California, San Diego, for their discovery that, biochemically, romantic love may be indistinguishable from having severe obsessivecompulsive disorder.[45]

Computer Science - Presented to Chris Niswander of Tucson, Arizona, for inventing PawSense,

software that detects when a cat is walking across your computer keyboard.

Economics - Presented to The Reverend Sun Myung Moon, for bringing efficiency and steady growth

to the mass marriage industry, with, according to his reports, a 36-couple wedding in 1960, a 430-couple wedding in 1968, an 1800-couple wedding in 1975, a 6000-couple wedding in 1982, a 30,000-couple wedding in 1992, a 360,000-couple wedding in 1995, and a 36,000,000-couple wedding in 1997.

Literature - Presented to Jasmuheen (formerly known as Ellen Greve) of Australia, first lady

of Breatharianism, for her book Living on Light, (ISBN 978-392951235-9) which explains that although some people do eat food, they don't ever really need to.

Medicine - Presented to Willibrord Weijmar Schultz, Pek van Andel, and Eduard Mooyaart

of Groningen, the Netherlands, and Ida Sabelis of Amsterdam, for their illuminating report "Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Male and Female Genitals During Coitus and Female Sexual Arousal." [46]

Peace - Presented to The Royal Navy, for ordering its sailors to stop using live cannon shells, and to

instead just shout "Bang!"

Physics - Presented to Andre Geim of the University of Nijmegen, the Netherlands, and Michael

Berry of Bristol University, England, for using magnets to levitate a frog.[47] Geim later shared the 2010 Nobel Prize in physics for his research on graphene, the first time anyone has been awarded both the Ig Nobel and (real) Nobel Prizes.

Psychology - Presented to David Dunning of Cornell University and Justin Kruger of the University of

Illinois, for their modest report, "Unskilled and Unaware of It: How Difficulties in Recognizing One's Own Incompetence Lead to Inflated Self-Assessments".[48]

Public Health - Presented to Jonathan Wyatt, Gordon McNaughton, and William Tullet of Glasgow, for

their alarming report, "TheCollapse of Toilets in Glasgow".[49]

[edit]2001
Astrophysics - Presented to Jack Van Impe and Rexella Van Impe of Jack Van Impe

Ministries, Rochester Hills, Michigan, for their discovery that black holes fulfill all the technical requirements for the location of Hell.

Biology - Presented to Buck Weimer of Pueblo, Colorado for inventing Under-Ease, airtight

underwear with a replaceable charcoal filter that removes bad-smelling gases before they escape.

Economics - Presented to Joel Slemrod, of the University of Michigan Business School, and Wojciech

Kopczuk, of the University of British Columbia, for their conclusion that people find a way to postpone their deaths if that would qualify them for a lower rate on theinheritance tax.[50]

Literature - Presented to John Richards of Boston, England, founder of the Apostrophe Protection

Society, for his efforts to protect, promote, and defend the differences between the plural and the possessive.

Medicine - Presented to Peter Barss of McGill University, Canada, for his impactful medical report

"Injuries Due to Falling Coconuts".[51]

Peace - Presented to Viliumas Malinauskas of Grtas, Lithuania, for creating the amusement

park known as "Stalin World".

Physics - Presented to David Schmidt of the University of Massachusetts, for his partial explanation of

the shower-curtain effect: a shower curtain tends to billow inwards while a shower is being taken.[52]

Psychology - Presented to Lawrence W. Sherman of Miami University, Ohio, for his influential

research report "An Ecological Study ofGlee in Small Groups of Preschool Children".[53]

Public Health - Presented to Chittaranjan Andrade and B.S. Srihari of the National Institute of Mental

Health and Neurosciences,Bangalore, India, for their probing medical discovery that nose picking is a common activity among adolescents.[54]

Technology - Presented jointly to John Keogh of Hawthorn, Victoria, Australia, for patenting the wheel

in the year 2001, and to the Australian Patent Office (IP Australia) for granting him Innovation Patent #2001100012

[edit]2002
Biology - Presented to Norma E. Bubier, Charles G.M. Paxton, Phil Bowers, and D. Charles Deeming

of the United Kingdom, for their report "Courtship Behaviour of Ostriches Towards Humans Under Farming Conditions in Britain".[55]

Chemistry - Presented to Theodore Gray of Wolfram Research, in Champaign, Illinois, for gathering

many elements of the periodic table, and assembling them into the form of a four-legged periodic table table.

Economics - Presented to the executives, corporate directors, and auditors of Enron, Lernaut &

Hauspie (Belgium), Adelphia, Bank of Commerce and Credit International (Pakistan), Cendant, CMS Energy, Duke Energy, Dynegy, Gazprom (Russia), Global Crossing, HIH Insurance (Australia), Informix, Kmart, Maxwell Communications (UK), McKessonHBOC, Merrill Lynch, Merck, Peregrine Systems,Qwest Communications, Reliant Resources, Rent-Way, Rite Aid, Sunbeam, Tyco, Waste Management, WorldCom, Xerox, and Arthur Andersen, for adapting the mathematical concept of imaginary numbers for use in the business world. (All companies except for Arthur Andersen were forced to restate their financial reports due to false or incorrect accounting. Andersen was the accounting firm most identified with the scandals, having been indicted on criminal charges stemming from its actions as auditor of Enron. All companies areU.S.-based unless otherwise noted.)

Hygiene - Presented to Eduardo Segura, of Lavakan de Aste, in Tarragona, Spain, for inventing

a washing machine for cats and dogs.[56]

Interdisciplinary Research - Presented to Karl Kruszelnicki of The University of Sydney, Australia, for

performing a comprehensive survey of human belly button fluff - who gets it, when, what color, and how much.

Literature - Presented jointly to Vicki L. Silvers of the University of Nevada-Reno and David S. Kreiner

of Central Missouri State University, for their colorful report "The Effects of Pre-Existing Inappropriate Highlighting on Reading Comprehension".[57]

Mathematics - Presented to K.P. Sreekumar and G. Nirmalan of Kerala Agricultural University, India,

for their analytical report "Estimation of the Total Surface Area in Indian Elephants".[58]

Medicine - Presented to Chris McManus of University College London, for his excruciatingly balanced

report, "Scrotal Asymmetry in Man and in Ancient Sculpture".[59]

Peace - Presented to Keita Sato, President of Takara Co., Dr. Matsumi Suzuki, President of Japan

Acoustic Lab, and Dr. Norio Kogure, Executive Director, Kogure Veterinary Hospital, for promoting peace and harmony between the species by inventing Bow-Lingual, a computer-based automatic dog-to-human language translation device.

Physics - Presented to Arnd Leike of the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, for demonstrating

that beer froth obeys the mathematical law of exponential decay.[60]

[edit]2003
Biology - Presented to C.W. Moeliker, of Natuurhistorisch Museum Rotterdam in Rotterdam, the

Netherlands, for documenting the first scientifically recorded case of homosexual necrophilia in the mallard duck.

Chemistry - Presented to Yukio Hirose of Kanazawa University, for his chemical investigation of a

bronze statue, in the city of Kanazawa, that fails to attract pigeons.

Economics - Presented to Karl Schwrzler and the nation of Liechtenstein, for making it possible to

rent the entire country for corporate conventions, weddings, bar mitzvahs, and other gatherings.

Engineering - Presented to John Paul Stapp, Edward A. Murphy, Jr., and George Nichols, for jointly

giving birth in 1949 to Murphy's Law, the basic engineering principle that "If there are two or more ways to do something, and one of those ways can result in a catastrophe, someone will do it" (or, in other words: "If anything can go wrong, it will").

Interdisciplinary Research - Presented to Stefano Ghirlanda, Liselotte Jansson, and Magnus Enquis

of Stockholm University, for their inevitable report "Chickens Prefer Beautiful Humans."[61]

Literature - Presented to John Trinkaus, of the Zicklin School of Business, New York City, for

meticulously collecting data and publishing more than 80 detailed academic reports about things that annoyed him, such as:

What percentage of young people wear baseball caps with the peak facing to the rear rather

than to the front;

end;

What percentage of pedestrians wear sport shoes that are white rather than some other color; What percentage of swimmers swim laps in the shallow end of a pool rather than the deep

What percentage of automobile drivers almost, but not completely, come to a stop at one

particular stop-sign;

What percentage of commuters carry attach cases; What percentage of shoppers exceed the number of items permitted in a supermarket's

express checkout lane;

What percentage of students dislike the taste of Brussels sprouts.

Medicine - Presented to Eleanor Maguire, David Gadian, Ingrid Johnsrude, Catriona Good, John

Ashburner, Richard Frackowiak, and Christopher Frith of University College London, for presenting evidence that the hippocampi of London taxi drivers are more highly developed than those of their fellow citizens.[62]

Peace - Presented to Lal Bihari, of Uttar Pradesh, India, for a triple accomplishment: First, for leading

an active life even though he has been declared legally dead; second, for waging a lively posthumous campaign against bureaucratic inertia and greedy relatives; and third, for creating the Association of Dead People. Lal Bihari overcame the handicap of being dead, and managed to obtain a passport from theIndian government so that he could travel to Harvard to accept his Prize. However, the U.S. government refused to allow him into the country. His friend Madhu Kapoor therefore came to the Ig Nobel Ceremony and accepted the Prize on behalf of Lal Bihari. Several weeks later, the Prize was presented to Lal Bihari himself in a special ceremony in India.

Physics - Presented to Jack Harvey, John Culvenor, Warren Payne, Steve Cowle, Michael Lawrance,

David Stuart, and Robyn Williams ofAustralia, for their irresistible report "An analysis of the forces required to drag sheep over various surfaces".[63]

Psychology - Presented to Gian Vittorio Caprara and Claudio Barbaranelli of the University of Rome

La Sapienza, and to Philip Zimbardoof Stanford University, for their discerning report "Politicians' Uniquely Simple Personalities".[64]

[edit]2004
Biology - Presented to Ben Wilson of the University of British Columbia, Lawrence Dill of Simon

Fraser University, Canada, Robert Batty of the Scottish Association for Marine Science, Magnus Whalberg of the University of Aarhus, Denmark, and Hkan Westerberg ofSweden's National Board of Fisheries, for showing that herrings apparently communicate by farting.[65][66]

Chemistry - Presented to The Coca-Cola Company of Great Britain, for using advanced technology to

convert liquid from the River Thames into Dasani, a brand of bottled water, which for precautionary reasons has been made unavailable to consumers.

Economics - Presented to the Vatican, for outsourcing prayers to India. Engineering - Presented jointly to Donald J. Smith and his father, Frank J. Smith, of Orlando, Florida,

for patenting the comb over (U.S. Patent 4,022,227).

Literature - Presented to The American Nudist Research Library of Kissimmee, Florida, for

preserving nudist history so that everyone can see it.

Medicine - Presented jointly to Steven Stack of Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, and James

Gundlach of Auburn University,Auburn, Alabama, for their published report "The Effect of Country Music on Suicide".[67]

Peace - Presented to Daisuke Inoue of Hygo Prefecture, Japan, for inventing karaoke, thereby

providing an entirely new way for people to learn to tolerate each other.

Physics - Presented jointly to Ramesh Balasubramaniam of the University of Ottawa, and Michael

Turvey of the University of Connecticutand Haskins Laboratory, for exploring and explaining the dynamics of hula-hooping.

Psychology - Presented jointly to Daniel Simons of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign and

Christopher Chabris of Harvard University, for demonstrating that when people pay close attention to something, it's all too easy to overlook anything else - even a woman in a gorilla suit. (See inattentional blindness).

Public Health - Presented to Jillian Clarke of the Chicago High School for Agricultural Sciences, and

then Howard University, for investigating the scientific validity of the five-second rule about whether it's safe to eat food that's been dropped on the floor.

[edit]2005
Agricultural History - Presented to James Watson of Massey University, New Zealand, for his

scholarly study, "The Significance of Mr. Richard Buckley's Exploding Trousers".

Biology - Presented jointly to Benjamin Smith of the University of Adelaide, Australia and

the University of Toronto, Canada and the Firmenich perfume company, Geneva, Switzerland, and ChemComm Enterprises, Archamps, France; Craig Williams of James Cook University and the University of South Australia; Michael Tyler of the University of Adelaide; Brian Williams of the University of Adelaide; and Yoji Hayasaka of the Australian Wine Research Institute; for painstakingly smelling and cataloging the peculiar odors produced by 131 different species of frogs when the frogs were feeling stressed.

Chemistry - Presented jointly to Edward Cussler of the University of Minnesota and Brian Gettelfinger

of the University of Minnesota and the University of WisconsinMadison, for conducting a careful experiment to settle the longstanding scientific question: can people swim faster in syrup or in water? It was found that swimmers in the experiment reach comparable velocity in both media.[68]

Economics - Presented to Gauri Nanda of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, for

inventing Clocky, an alarm clock that runs away and hides, repeatedly, thus ensuring that people get out of bed, and thus theoretically adding many productive hours to the workday.

Fluid Dynamics - Presented jointly to Victor Benno Meyer-Rochow of International University

Bremen, Germany and the University of Oulu, Finland; and Jzsef Gl of Lornd Etvs

University, Hungary, for using basic principles of physics to calculate the pressure that builds up inside a penguin, as detailed in their report "Pressures Produced When Penguins Poo Calculations on Avian Defecation".

Literature - Presented to the Internet entrepreneurs of Nigeria, for creating and then using e-mail to

distribute a bold series of short stories, thus introducing millions of readers to a cast of rich characters General Sani Abacha, Mrs. Mariam Sanni Abacha, Barrister Jon A Mbeki Esq., and others each of whom requires just a small amount of expense money so as to obtain access to the great wealth to which they are entitled and which they would like to share with the kind person who assists them. (See advance fee fraud.)

Medicine - Presented to Gregg A. Miller of Oak Grove, Missouri, for inventing Neuticles artificial

replacement testicles for dogs, which are available in three sizes, and three degrees of firmness.

Nutrition - Presented to Dr. Yoshiro Nakamatsu of Tokyo, Japan, for photographing and

retrospectively analyzing every meal he has consumed during a period of 34 years (and counting).

Peace - Presented jointly to Claire Rind and Peter Simmons of University of Newcastle, in the UK, for

electrically monitoring the activity of a brain cell in a locust while that locust was watching selected highlights from the movie Star Wars.[69]

Physics - Presented jointly to John Mainstone and Thomas Parnell of the University of

Queensland, Australia, for patiently conducting the so-called pitch drop experiment that began in the year 1927 in which a glob of congealed black tar pitch has been slowly dripping through a funnel, at a rate of approximately one drop every nine years.

[edit]2006
Acoustics: D. Lynn Halpern of Harvard Vanguard Medical Associates, and Brandeis University,

and Northwestern University, Randolph Blake of Vanderbilt University and Northwestern University and James Hillenbrand of Western Michigan University and Northwestern University for conducting experiments to learn why people dislike the sound of fingernails scraping chalkboard.[70]

Biology: Bart Knols of Wageningen Agricultural University, in Wageningen, the Netherlands; and of

the National Institute for Medical Research / Ifakara Centre, Tanzania, and of the International Atomic Energy Agency, in Vienna, Austria) and Ruurd de Jong of Wageningen Agricultural University and of Santa Maria degli Angeli, Italy for showing that the female malaria mosquito Anopheles gambiae is attracted equally to the smell of limburger cheese and to the smell of human feet.[71]

Chemistry: Antonio Mulet, Jos Javier Benedito and Jos Bon of the Polytechnic University of

Valencia, Spain, and Carmen Rossell of the University of Illes Balears, in Palma de Mallorca, Spain, for their study "Ultrasonic Velocity in Cheddar Cheese as Affected by Temperature".[72]

Literature: Daniel M. Oppenheimer of Princeton University for his report "Consequences of Erudite

Vernacular Utilized Irrespective of Necessity: Problems with Using Long Words Needlessly".[73]

Mathematics: Nic Svenson and Piers Barnes of the Australian Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial

Research Organisation, for calculating the number of photographs that must be taken to (almost) ensure that nobody in a group photo will have their eyes closed.

Medicine: Francis M. Fesmire of the University of Tennessee College of Medicine, for his medical

case report "Termination of Intractable Hiccups with Digital Rectal Massage";[74] and Majed Odeh, Harry Bassan, and Arie Oliven of Bnai Zion Medical Center, Haifa, Israel, for their subsequent medical case report also titled "Termination of Intractable Hiccups with Digital Rectal Massage".[75]

Nutrition: Wasmia Al-Houty of Kuwait University and Faten Al-Mussalam of the Kuwait Environment

Public Authority, for showing thatdung beetles are finicky eaters.[76]

Ornithology: Ivan R. Schwab, of the University of California Davis, and Philip R.A. May of

the University of California Los Angeles, for exploring and explaining why woodpeckers don't get headaches.[77]

Peace: Howard Stapleton of Merthyr Tydfil, Wales, for inventing an electromechanical teenager

repellant -- a device that makes annoying high-pitched noise designed to be audible to teenagers but not to adults; and for later using that same technology to make telephoneringtones that are audible to teenagers but probably not to their teachers.

Physics: Basile Audoly and Sebastien Neukirch of the Universit Pierre et Marie Curie, for their

analysis that explains why uncooked spaghetti breaks into several pieces when it is bent.[78]

[edit]2007
Aviation: Patricia V. Agostino, Santiago A. Plano and Diego A. Golombek, for discovering that

hamsters recover from jetlag more quickly when given Viagra.[79][80]

Biology: Johanna E.M.H. van Bronswijk, for taking a census of all the mites and other life forms that

live in people's beds.[81]

net.

Chemistry: Mayu Yamamoto for extracting vanilla flavour from cow dung.[82] Economics: Kuo Cheng Hsieh, for patenting a device to catch bank robbers by ensnaring them in a
[83]

Linguistics: Juan Manuel Toro, Josep B. Trobalon and Nuria Sebastian-Galles, for determining that

rats sometimes can't distinguish between recordings of Japanese and Dutch played backward.[84]

[85]

Literature: Glenda Browne, for her study into indexing entries that start with the definitive article "the".

Medicine: Dan Meyer and Brian Witcombe, for investigating the side-effects of swallowing swords.[86]

Nutrition: Brian Wansink, for investigating people's appetite for mindless eating by secretly feeding

them a self-refilling bowl of soup.[87]

Peace: The United States Air Force Wright Laboratory in Dayton, Ohio, for suggesting the research

and development of a "gay bomb," which would cause enemy troops to become sexually attracted to each other.

Physics: L. Mahadevan and Enrique Cerda Villablanca for their theoretical study of how sheets

become wrinkled.[88]

2008
The "18th First Annual Ig Nobel Prize Ceremony" was held on 2 October 2008 at Harvard University's Sanders Theatre.[89]

Archaeology: Astolfo Gomes de Mello Araujo and Jose Carlos Marcelino, for showing

that armadillos can mix up the contents of anarchaeological site.[90][91]

Biology: Marie-Christine Cadiergues, Christel Joubert, and Michel Franc, for discovering

that fleas that live on dogs jump higher than fleas that live on cats.[92]

Chemistry: Sheree Umpierre, Joseph Hill, and Deborah Anderson, for discovering that Coca-Cola is

an effective spermicide,[93] and C.Y. Hong, C.C. Shieh, P. Wu, and B.N. Chiang for accidentally proving it is not.[94][95]

Cognitive science: Toshiyuki Nakagaki, Hiroyasu Yamada, Ryo Kobayashi, Atsushi Tero, Akio

Ishiguro, and gota Tth, for discovering that slime molds can solve puzzles.[96][97]

Economics: Geoffrey Miller, Joshua Tyber, and Brent Jordan, for discovering that exotic dancers earn

more when at peak fertility.[98]

Literature: David Sims, for his study "You Bastard: A Narrative Exploration of the Experience of

Indignation within Organizations".[99][100]

Medicine: Rebecca Waber and Dan Ariely for demonstrating that expensive placebos are more

effective than inexpensive placebos.[101][102]

Nutrition: Massimiliano Zampini and Charles Spence, for demonstrating that food tastes better when it

sounds more appealing.[103][104]

Peace: The Swiss Federal Ethics Committee on Non-Human Biotechnology and the citizens of

Switzerland, for adopting the legal principle that plants have dignity.[105]

Physics: Dorian Raymer and Douglas Smith, for proving that heaps of string or hair will inevitably

tangle.[106]

2009

Biology: Fumiaki Taguchi, Song Guofu, and Zhang Guanglei of Kitasato University Graduate School

of Medical Sciences in Sagamihara, Japan, for demonstrating that kitchen refuse can be reduced more than 90% in mass by using bacteria extracted from the feces of giant pandas.[107][108]

Chemistry: Javier Morales, Miguel Apatiga, and Victor M. Castano of Universidad Nacional Autonoma

de Mexico, for creating diamond film from tequila.[109][110]

Economics: The directors, executives, and auditors of four Icelandic banksKaupthing

Bank, Landsbanki, Glitnir Bank, and Central Bank of Icelandfor demonstrating that tiny banks can be rapidly transformed into huge banks, and vice versa (and for demonstrating thatsimilar things can be done to an entire national economy).

Literature: Ireland's police service for writing and presenting more than 50 traffic tickets to

a Polish individual, by the name of "Prawo Jazdy". Mr. "Jazdy" was widely thought to be the most frequent driving offender in Ireland, until an investigation uncovered the fact thatPrawo Jazdy is the Polish term for "Driving License".[111]

Mathematics: Gideon Gono, governor of Zimbabwe's Reserve Bank, for giving people a simple,

everyday way to cope with a wide range of numbers by having his bank print notes with denominations ranging from one cent to one hundred trillion dollars.

Medicine: Donald L. Unger of Thousand Oaks, California, US, for investigating a possible cause of

arthritis of the fingers, by diligentlycracking the knuckles of his left hand but not his right hand every day for 50 years.[112]

Peace: Stephan Bolliger, Steffen Ross, Lars Oesterhelweg, Michael Thali, and Beat Kneubuehl of

the University of Bern, Switzerland, for determining whether it is better to be hit on the head with a full bottle of beer or with an empty bottle.[113]

Physics: Katherine K. Whitcome of the University of Cincinnati, Daniel E Lieberman of Harvard

University, and Liza J. Shapiro of theUniversity of Texas, all in the US, for analytically determining why pregnant women do not tip over.[114]

Public Health: Elena N. Bodnar, Raphael C. Lee, and Sandra Marijan of Chicago, US, for inventing

a bra that can be quickly converted into a pair of gas masksone for the wearer and one to be given to a needy bystander.[115]

Veterinary medicine: Catherine Douglas and Peter Rowlinson of Newcastle University, UK, for

showing that cows with names give more milk than cows that are nameless.[116]

2010

Engineering: Karina Acevedo-Whitehouse and Agnes Rocha-Gosselin of the Zoological Society of

London, UK, and Diane Gendron ofInstituto Politecnico Nacional, Baja California Sur, Mexico, for perfecting a method to collect whale snot, using a remote-control helicopter.[117]

Medicine: Simon Rietveld of the University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands, and Ilja van Beest

of Tilburg University, The Netherlands, for discovering that symptoms of asthma can be treated with a roller coaster ride.[118]

Transportation Planning: Toshiyuki Nakagaki, Atsushi Tero, Seiji Takagi, Tetsu Saigusa, Kentaro Ito,

Kenji Yumiki, Ryo Kobayashi of Japan, and Dan Bebber, Mark Fricker of the UK, for using slime mold to determine the optimal routes for railroad tracks.[119]

Physics: Lianne Parkin, Sheila Williams, and Patricia Priest of the University of Otago, for

demonstrating that, on icy footpaths in wintertime, people slip and fall less often if they wear socks on the outside of their shoes.[120]

Peace: Richard Stephens, John Atkins, and Andrew Kingston of Keele University, UK, for confirming

the widely held belief that swearingrelieves pain.[121]

Public Health: Manuel Barbeito, Charles Mathews, and Larry Taylor of the Industrial Health and

Safety Office, Fort Detrick for determining by experiment that microbes cling to bearded scientists.[122]

Economics: The executives and directors of Goldman Sachs, AIG, Lehman Brothers, Bear

Stearns, Merrill Lynch, and Magnetar for creating and promoting new ways to invest money ways that maximize financial gain and minimize financial risk for the world economy, or for a portion thereof.

Chemistry: Eric Adams, Scott Socolofsky, Stephen Masutani and British Petroleum, for disproving the

old belief that oil and water don't mix.[123]

Management: Alessandro Pluchino, Andrea Rapisarda, and Cesare Garofalo of the University of

Catania, Italy, for demonstrating mathematically that organizations would become more efficient if they promoted people at random.[124]

Biology: Libiao Zhang, Min Tan, Guangjian Zhu, Jianping Ye, Tiyu Hong, Shanyi Zhou, and Shuyi

Zhang of China, and Gareth Jones of the University of Bristol, UK, for scientifically documenting fellatio in fruit bats.[125]