Pathways Rw1 2e U9 Test

Pathways Reading, Writing, and Critical Thinking 2e: Level 1 Unit 9 Test
Name: ________________________________ Class: ____________ Date: _________

VOCABULARY 1:
Complete each sentence using the best form of a word from the chart.
Verb Noun Adjective

anger anger angry
approach approach approachable
confuse confusion confused
own owner —
train trainer trained
work out workout —
1. Because of his interest in exercising and staying fit, Sam chose to become a personal ______________ at
the local gym.
2. The gym is very popular, and many customers enjoy doing a(n) ______________ there.
3. When the gym changed its rules unexpectedly, many customers became pretty ______________and asked
for their money back.
4. Recently, some customers were _______________ by the gym's new fitness program, as some of the
details were not explained very well.
5. The _______________ of the gym, Mr. Barron, wants his company to be the most successful in the city.
6. The staff at the local gym are very _______________; most customers find it very easy to talk with them.
7. The owner of the gym, Mr. Barron, came up with a whole new _______________ to fitness training that
made his company a lot of money.
VOCABULARY 2:
Choose the best word from the list below to complete these conversations.
• continue
• cooperate
• expect
• fair
• research
• response
• reward
• willing
8. A: Would you be _______________ to let your children have a pet?

B: Maybe something small like a rabbit or a cat, but not anything bigger.
© 2018 National Geographic Learning, a Cengage Learning Company

9. A: Your dog behaves really well. How did you train him?
B: Every time he did something good, I gave him a _______________.
10. A: You've done such good work here for the last few weeks that we'd like you to _______________
until the end of the summer.
B: That's great! I really love working with animals.
11. A: I watched a really amazing documentary yesterday.

B: What was it about?
A: How animals _______________ with each other. For example, did you know that dolphins often
work together to catch fish?
12. A: How's your _______________ going, Bob?

B: Not very well, to be honest. I’m studying a lot, but not learning anything new or important.
13. A: In class yesterday, Joe told Professor Williams that he hadn't done any of the reading.
B: Wow. What was her _______________?
A: She didn't say much, to be honest, but she certainly didn't seem happy.
14. A: For some jobs, women are not paid the same as men, even if they have the same experience.
B: That really isn't _______________. Everyone should get the same pay for the same work.
A: I completely agree with you.
15. A: I understand what you want me to do. When do you need me to finish it by?
B: This work is very important, so I _______________ you to get everything done by Friday, OK?
READING REVIEW:
The questions refer to Reading 1 from Unit 9. Review the reading passage. Then match each
description to either dogs or humans.
THE ANIMAL TRAINER

Mexican-born animal trainer Cesar Millan is one of the world's best-known animal trainers. On
his TV shows, Millan helps dogs and dog owners deal with their problems. He helps angry and scared
dogs become good companions. He also helps confused humans become confident, happy dog owners.
What is the biggest mistake we make with dogs?

We humanize dogs. We hold conversations with them as if they were people ... A dog doesn’t
know it lives in Beverly Hills or how much we spend on it.
Why do people like certain kinds of dogs?
It's about what they want from another human but can't get, so they get it from a dog.
So a person gets a pit bull as a pet because ...?
Because it represents power, strength, masculinity - like driving a Ferrari.
And a small poodle?
Because it's feminine. Decorative.

So people get dogs that are like them?
I walk into a home, and I don't have to hear much. I see the dog, and I know who you are. It's a
mirror.
What is your approach to helping owners with their dog problems?
If you don't tell a dog what to do, it will tell you what to do. My clients are powerful, they have
Harvard degrees, they run [big corporations], but they can't control a dog. You don't ask a dog if it would
like to go for a walk. You put on the leash and go.
Is there any creature you can't rehabilitate?
My father ... . I want him to tell my mother, "I appreciate you. Thank you. I love you." But he
can't, not in the machismo culture of Mexico.
Can't you take your father for a walk and work out the issues?
No. He'd just run away.
How did your parents feel about your choice of profession?
They wanted me to become a professional, [like a] doctor [or] lawyer.
How does your father feel now that you've made it?
He still can't understand why Americans pay me for walking their dogs.
What are the lessons we learn from dogs?
To live in the moment. Also honesty ... [and] integrity. They will never stab you in the back or lie
to you.
Do dogs think and feel?
They feel - they are instinctual. They don't think.
So which animal behaves better - humans or dogs?
Oh, dogs.
a. dogs
b. humans
____ 16. are powerful but not in control
____ 17. can feel but are not able to think
____ 18. do not know where they live
____ 19. want something they cannot get
____ 20. will never lie or act dishonestly

READING REVIEW:
The question refers to an excerpt of Reading 2 from Unit 9.
An introductory sentence for a brief summary of the passage is provided below. Complete the
summary by selecting the THREE sentences the express the most important ideas in the passage.
Some sentences do not belong in the summary because they express ideas that are not presented in
the passage or are minor ideas in the passage.
MONKEYS SHOW A SENSE OF FAIRNESS

Most humans expect to receive fair treatment. A scientific study shows that brown capuchin
monkeys may feel the same way. This is the first time scientists have seen this kind of behavior in a
species other than humans.
Scientists chose brown capuchin monkeys for their research because they are known to have
strong social bonds. In other words, capuchins have close relationships with each other. They also
cooperate. For example, they share responsibilities for food-gathering activities, such as finding fruit
trees.
Sarah Brosnan, the leader of the study, put female monkeys in pairs. A different researcher
worked with each pair of capuchins. The researchers trained the monkeys to give them a small rock. "That
may sound simple, but not very many species are willing to [give things away]," says Brosnan. When a
monkey exchanged a rock with the researcher within 60 seconds, it received a reward. Usually, the reward
was a piece of cucumber.
The partner of each capuchin who made an exchange also received a reward. Sometimes the
partner got the same reward (a cucumber slice), but other times the partner received a better reward (a
grape). Brosnan said the response to the unequal treatment was astonishing. When a capuchin saw its
partner get better treatment, it was unhappy. Some did not want to continue the test or eat the cucumber
they received. Some threw their food at the researchers.
Brosnan's research suggests there is a link between animal cooperation and a dislike of unfair
treatment. This could have implications for discussions about equal treatment in human society. If animals
are hardwired to expect fair treatment, it’s possible that we are, too.
21. Research shows that some monkeys may have a sense of fairness.
• (1) _________________________________________________________________
• (2) _________________________________________________________________
• (3) _________________________________________________________________
a. Previous research on fairness focused on mammals such as chimpanzees.

b. Capuchins can form extremely close bonds with certain human researchers.
c. Researchers used a reward system to study capuchin monkey responses.
d. Capuchins reacted with anger if they felt they were not treated fairly.
e. Bananas are a commonly eaten food among capuchins in the wild.
f. The study's findings may help us understand our own sense of fairness.

READING PRACTICE:
Read the passage and answer the questions below. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS from
the passage for each answer.
Clever Hans
Wilhelm von Osten was a German school mathematics teacher who lived in Berlin in the
late nineteenth century. Von Osten was interested in animal intelligence, among other subjects.
He began training a horse called Hans to see how intelligent the animal was. What he
discovered astonished him. With some basic training, the horse seemed to be able to recognize
numbers. Von Osten would write a number less than ten on a chalkboard. Hans would then
answer by tapping his hoof that number of times.
Von Osten was amazed by what Hans could do and how smart he was. As a result, he
decided to take the horse - now called "Clever Hans" - on tour around Germany. Von Osten
would stop in towns and cities to give free demonstrations in front of crowds of interested
people. The crowds were amazed. After all, a horse that can solve math problems, tell the time,
and even spell out words and names is very special. Hans did not always answer perfectly.
However, he could answer almost ninety percent of questions correctly.
Hans became so famous that an American newspaper published a story about him. Not
everyone was sure that Hans really was intelligent, however. The board of education in
Germany created a special group to study the horse. This group tested both Hans and von
Osten, but could find no evidence of tricks. The group then asked a psychologist to study Hans.
He developed some new tests and concluded that Hans was not, in fact, an intelligent horse.
This result may seem disappointing. However, the real story of how Hans was able to
answer these questions is fascinating. After he asked Hans a question, von Osten would wait
for the horse to start tapping his hoof. As Hans was tapping, von Osten's body language would
change. For example, he started to show different facial expressions. When Hans tapped the
correct answer, von Osten reacted even more strongly. Hans was able to recognize this and
stopped tapping. So Hans was not a clever horse in terms of spelling ability or mathematical
skill. But he was definitely clever at reading human emotions.
22. What was the profession of the man who trained Hans the horse?
___________________________________________________________________
23. What method did Hans use to answer the questions?

___________________________________________________________________
24. In addition to spelling and doing math, what else did Hans do on tour?
___________________________________________________________________
25. Roughly what percentage of questions did Hans answer correctly?

___________________________________________________________________
26. What foreign publication was interested in the story?

___________________________________________________________________

27. What aspect of von Osten's body language helped give Hans a clue to the answer?
___________________________________________________________________
28. In reality, what was Hans actually good at doing?

___________________________________________________________________
READING SKILL REVIEW - RECOGNIZING NOUN CLAUSES:

Noun clauses are a kind of dependent - or subordinate - clause. A noun clause forms a part of a
longer sentence. Most noun clauses begin with that, or a wh- question word like who, how, or what.
Identify the number of noun clauses in each sentence below.
____ 29. He began training a horse called Hans to see how intelligent the animal was.
a. 0
b. 1
c. 2
____ 30. Von Osten was amazed by what Hans could do and how smart he was.
a. 0
b. 1
c. 2
____ 31. However, he could answer almost ninety percent of questions correctly.
a. 0
b. 1
c. 2
____ 32. Hans became so famous that an American newspaper published a story about him.
a. 0
b. 1
c. 2
____ 33. Hans was able to recognize this and stopped tapping.
a. 0
b. 1
c. 2

LANGUAGE FOR WRITING REVIEW - MAKING COMPARISONS:
There are several ways to talk about similarities and differences between two things, including
using the comparative form of adjectives.
Complete this chart using the words and phrases below.
Expressions that Show Similarity Expressions that Show Difference

(A) __________ Unlike ..., ...
Like ..., ... (B) __________
(C) __________ However, ...
... is similar to ... (D) __________
• Both ... and ...

• ... differs from ...
• In contrast, ...
• Similarly, ...
34. (A) ____________________
35. (B) ____________________
36. (C) ____________________
37. (D) ____________________
WRITING SKILL REVIEW - WRITING A COMPARISON PARAGRAPH:

A comparison paragraph discusses two things or ideas and focuses either on their similarities or
their differences.
Look at each sentence below. Decide if it compares two things by focusing on their similarities or
their differences.
____ 38. Chimpanzees and bonobos are both apes, but they have contrasting behavior, with chimps being more
aggressive and violent.
a. comparison focusing on similarities
b. comparison focusing on differences
____ 39. Dolphins and porpoises are both highly intelligent marine mammals that share a number of distinctive
features, including the way they use sonar to travel and catch food underwater.
____ 40. Crocodiles and alligators may look similar at first, but the shape of their snout makes it easy to tell them
apart: crocodiles have pointed, V-shaped snouts, while alligators have wider, U-shaped ones.

____ 41. Hawks, like falcons, are birds of prey; however, while hawks are generally slow-flying and use their
claws to catch food, falcons are faster and usually catch food with their strong, hooked beak.
____ 42. Dogs and grey wolves may not look alike, but scientific analysis shows that they share over 99% of their
DNA, which means they are actually almost identical.
WRITING PRACTICE 1:
Write full sentences in answer to these questions.
43. Think about a good friend. In what ways are you similar to him or her?
__________________________________________________________________
44. Think about another good friend. In what ways are you different from him or her?
__________________________________________________________________
45. Think about your life five years ago. In what ways is your life different now?
__________________________________________________________________
46. Imagine your life ten years from now. In what ways do you think it will be the different from now?
__________________________________________________________________
47. What would you like to be able to do better than you can do now? Why?
__________________________________________________________________
WRITING PRACTICE 2:
The dog trainer Cesar Millan believes that dogs behave better than humans. In what ways do you
think his statement is true, and in what ways do you think it is false?
48. Write at least 100 words. Support your opinion with detailed reasons and examples.

UNIT 9: ANIMAL BEHAVIOR
Answer Section
1. ANS: trainer
PTS: 1 REF: PWRW1, Unit 9 TOP: Vocabulary 1

2. ANS: workout

3. ANS: angry

4. ANS: confused

5. ANS: owner

6. ANS: approachable

7. ANS: approach

8. ANS: willing

9. ANS: reward

10. ANS: continue

11. ANS: cooperate

12. ANS: research

13. ANS: response

14. ANS: fair

15. ANS: expect

16. ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: PWRW1, Unit 9
TOP: Reading Review MSC: TOEFL
17. ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: PWRW1, Unit 9
21. ANS:
c, d, f
PTS: 3 REF: PWRW1, Unit 9 TOP: Reading Review

MSC: TOEFL
22. ANS: school mathematics teacher
PTS: 1 REF: PWRW1, Unit 9 TOP: Reading Practice

MSC: IELTS
23. ANS: tapping his hoof

MSC: IELTS
24. ANS: tell the time

MSC: IELTS
25. ANS: almost ninety percent

MSC: IELTS
26. ANS: an American newspaper

MSC: IELTS
27. ANS: different facial expressions

MSC: IELTS
28. ANS: reading human emotions

MSC: IELTS
TOP: Reading Skill Review - Recognizing Noun Clauses
30. ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: PWRW1, Unit 9

34. ANS:
Both ... and ...
Similarly, ...
PTS: 1 REF: PWRW1, Unit 9

TOP: Language for Writing Review - Making Comparisons
35. ANS:
In contrast, ...
... differs from ...

36. ANS:
Similarly, ...
Both ... and ...

37. ANS:
... differs from ...
In contrast, ...

TOP: Writing Skill Review - Writing a Comparison Paragraph
43. ANS:
Answers will vary.
PTS: 1 REF: PWRW1, Unit 9 TOP: Writing Practice 1

44. ANS:
Answers will vary.

45. ANS:
Answers will vary.

46. ANS:
Answers will vary.

47. ANS:
Answers will vary.

48. ANS:
Answers will vary.

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Pathways Reading, Writing, and Critical Thinking 2e: Level 1 Unit 9 Test

Name: ________________________________ Class: ____________ Date: _________

Verb Noun Adjective

8. A: Would you be _______________ to let your children have a pet?

© 2018 National Geographic Learning, a Cengage Learning Company

11. A: I watched a really amazing documentary yesterday.

12. A: How's your _______________ going, Bob?

THE ANIMAL TRAINER

What is the biggest mistake we make with dogs?

© 2018 National Geographic Learning, a Cengage Learning Company

© 2018 National Geographic Learning, a Cengage Learning Company

MONKEYS SHOW A SENSE OF FAIRNESS

a. Previous research on fairness focused on mammals such as chimpanzees.

© 2018 National Geographic Learning, a Cengage Learning Company

23. What method did Hans use to answer the questions?

25. Roughly what percentage of questions did Hans answer correctly?

26. What foreign publication was interested in the story?

© 2018 National Geographic Learning, a Cengage Learning Company

28. In reality, what was Hans actually good at doing?

READING SKILL REVIEW - RECOGNIZING NOUN CLAUSES:

Identify the number of noun clauses in each sentence below.

© 2018 National Geographic Learning, a Cengage Learning Company

Complete this chart using the words and phrases below.

Expressions that Show Similarity Expressions that Show Difference

• Both ... and ...

34. (A) ____________________

35. (B) ____________________

36. (C) ____________________

37. (D) ____________________

WRITING SKILL REVIEW - WRITING A COMPARISON PARAGRAPH:

© 2018 National Geographic Learning, a Cengage Learning Company

© 2018 National Geographic Learning, a Cengage Learning Company

PTS: 1 REF: PWRW1, Unit 9 TOP: Vocabulary 1

PTS: 1 REF: PWRW1, Unit 9 TOP: Vocabulary 1

PTS: 1 REF: PWRW1, Unit 9 TOP: Vocabulary 1

PTS: 1 REF: PWRW1, Unit 9 TOP: Vocabulary 1

PTS: 1 REF: PWRW1, Unit 9 TOP: Vocabulary 1

PTS: 1 REF: PWRW1, Unit 9 TOP: Vocabulary 1

PTS: 1 REF: PWRW1, Unit 9 TOP: Vocabulary 1

PTS: 1 REF: PWRW1, Unit 9 TOP: Vocabulary 2

PTS: 1 REF: PWRW1, Unit 9 TOP: Vocabulary 2

PTS: 1 REF: PWRW1, Unit 9 TOP: Vocabulary 2

PTS: 1 REF: PWRW1, Unit 9 TOP: Vocabulary 2

PTS: 1 REF: PWRW1, Unit 9 TOP: Vocabulary 2

PTS: 1 REF: PWRW1, Unit 9 TOP: Vocabulary 2

PTS: 1 REF: PWRW1, Unit 9 TOP: Vocabulary 2

PTS: 1 REF: PWRW1, Unit 9 TOP: Vocabulary 2

© 2018 National Geographic Learning, a Cengage Learning Company

PTS: 3 REF: PWRW1, Unit 9 TOP: Reading Review

PTS: 1 REF: PWRW1, Unit 9 TOP: Reading Practice

PTS: 1 REF: PWRW1, Unit 9 TOP: Reading Practice

PTS: 1 REF: PWRW1, Unit 9 TOP: Reading Practice

PTS: 1 REF: PWRW1, Unit 9 TOP: Reading Practice

PTS: 1 REF: PWRW1, Unit 9 TOP: Reading Practice

PTS: 1 REF: PWRW1, Unit 9 TOP: Reading Practice

PTS: 1 REF: PWRW1, Unit 9 TOP: Reading Practice

© 2018 National Geographic Learning, a Cengage Learning Company

PTS: 1 REF: PWRW1, Unit 9

Name: ________________________ Class: Date: _