DGETAYCM

CBTA 199
Manual de
Actividades

ENGLISH IV
L.I. Nayeli Vinagre García
Índice temático

o Lesson 1. Adverbs of manner.

o Lesson 2. Correlative words. Both, either and neither

o Lesson 3. Intensifiers.

o Lesson 4. Comparative and superlative adjectives.

o Lesson 5. Auxiliar verbs, modal verbs.

o Lesson 6. Tag questions.

o Lesson 7. Linking words

1
 Lesson 1. Adverbs of Manner.

Instructions: cross the adverbs.

Remember: adverbs are adjectives that almost always end with –ly, though some are
also irregular.

1. angrily 2. interesting 3. beautifully 4. calmingly 5. carefully

6.well 7. luckily 8. willingly 9. slowly 10. greed
11. furious 11. hard 12. kindly 13. wickedly 14. badly
15. boring 16. fast 17. stupidly 18. foolishly 19. easy
20. politely 21. secretly 22. unhappily 23. silently 24. politely
25. happily 26. well 27. quickly 28. hurriedly 29. willing
30. easily 31. cautiously 32. kindly 33. rudely 34. furiously

Read the following text. Identify and underline the adverbs of manner from the chart in
the reading.

My message as the Principal of this College is that, “I want you to stay happy in this
School”. This the best institute in the City but it doesn’t mean you can behave in any
way you want to. In this school, we all have some rules to follow carefully; for example,
the school bell rings at 8:00 am and you need to get fast to your classrooms, where you
will wait until your class starts. You need to talk to the teachers politely and also you
have to respect your classmates and behave kindly.
When break time is scheduled, it is very important that all students walk silently through
the halls and if you are in a hurry, cautiously walk quickly and silently through the halls
or classrooms because running is not allowed.
By the way, I need to mention that students can not interrupt classes rudely.
I hope we all enjoy the beginning of this semester. Welcome back to the best Institute
in the City.

2
Instructions: pick the correct one at the follow examples.
1. What’s the way students need to follow the rules in the school?

a) careful b)carefully c) carefulls d) care fully

2. According to the passage; what is the best way to interrupt classes

a) quickly b) rudely c) easily d) silently

3. When you are late you are allowed to walk:

a) fast b) silently c) quickly d) all are correct

4. Students have to behave:

a) easily b) politely c) foolishly d) badly.

5. Now I can complete this exercise

a) easily b) more easy c) easy d) most easy

6. Now I can understand the English lessons

a) well b) bad c) good d) badly

7. Now I can write sentences in English

a) more quick b) quick c) most quick d) quickly

8. Now I can remember the rules for adverbs

a) more perfect b) most perfect c) perfectly d) perfect

3
 Lesson 2. Correlative words. Both, either and neither

Today we are going to work with correlative

conjunctions. Choose the best answer to complete each

sentence.

1 ______________ Chicharito Hernández nor Chucky Lozano are playing in Mexico

a. both b. either c. neither

2. I love ____________ reading and watching movies.

a. both b. either c. neither

3. We can play _____________ soccer or basketball, wherever you want.

a. both b. either c. neither

4. Marriage is_______________ heaven nor hell, it is simple purgatory.

a. both b. either c. neither

5. These shoes are ____________ comfortable and elegant.

a. both b. either c. neither

6. You must pass _____________ English and Mathematics if you want to graduate.
a. both b. either c. neither

7. Buy ___________ chocolate cake or carrot cake, anyway those are my favorites.
a. both b. either c. neither

8 __________ Yalitza Aparicio nor Lady Gaga won the Oscar.

a. both b. either c. neither

9. This movie is not recommended for _________ kids or teens.

a. both b. either c. neither

10. Bruno Mars is _________ a singer and composer.

a. both b. either c. neither

4
¿Tuviste problemas para resolver el ejercicio?, no te preocupes aquí te daremos los
puntos principales relacionados al tema, para que puedas resolver y aclares dudas.
Lo primero que tienes que saber es que hay varios tipos de conjunciones y que en esta
lección nos vamos a enfocar únicamente en las conjunciones relativas y en particular en
tres de ellas: both, either y neither.

¿Qué son? Son conjunciones que vienen en pares y nos sirven para conectar
palabras y/o frases. Su función principal es enfatizar que en la oración dos ideas
están relacionadas.

Correlative
Both / and
conjunctions
Conecta dos personas o dos objetos, dándoles la misma
importancia a ambos. Siempre se usa con verbos afirmativos.
Nos habla de dos elementos de un grupo de dos, lo usamos con
sustantivos singulares, both significa ambos.
Shakira sings in both languages Spanish and English
Shakira canta en ambos idiomas español e inglés.

Either / or
Esta conjunción, nos brinda la oportunidad de elegir entre dos
opciones, solo puedes elegir una, pero están en igualdad de
condición, ambos son válidas. Either significa cualquiera de los
2.
We can go either Cancun or Los Cabos for your birthday.
Podemos ir a cualquiera Cancún o Los Cabos por tu cumpleaños.

Neither nor
Utilizamos esta combinación para negar personas, cosas o
situaciones de la misma importancia. ‘Nor’ es la forma negativa
de ‘or’. En este caso rechaza dos posibilidades. Debes tomar en
cuenta que esta conjunción proyecta una idea negativa, el verbo
generalmente ira en su forma negativa. Neither significa ninguno
(de los dos).
Neither Carlos Rivera nor Belinda will sing in the concert.
Ni Carlos Rivera ni Belinda cantaran en el concierto.

5
 Veamos como el uso de estas tres conjunciones, nos pueden ayudar a comparar las
características de objetos, personas o situaciones.

Both – and Juan Gabriel and Jose Jose were both great singers.
Juan Gabriel y José José eran ambos grandes cantantes.

Either - or We can either listen to Juan Gabriel or Jose Jose

Podemos escuchar a Juan Gabriel o a José José

Neither – nor Neither Juan Gabriel nor Jose Jose sang in

French. Ni Juan Gabriel ni José José cantaron en
francés.

En inglés, la palabra "both" (ambos) nos señala dos de un grupo de dos, en igualdad de
condiciones, “Either" refiere uno de un grupo de dos es decir cualquiera de los dos,
también en igualdad de condiciones, es decir que cualquiera de las opciones está en la
misma posición, “Neither" indica cero de un grupo de dos ("ninguno").

Instructions: Choose the best answer to complete the sentences.

1. Black and red are _________my favorites colors to dress up.
a. both b. either c. neither

2. I can’t eat neither __________ potatoes nor candies because I get fat easily. .
a. both b. either c. neither

3. Queen and The Beatles are still today _________ the best bands in the word.
a. both b. either c. neither
4. I can do for your birthday _________ brownies or chocolate cake.
a. both b. either c. neither
5. We will talk later, this isn’t _______ the time nor the place.
a. both b. either c. neither

6
6. You can _________ see my photos on Facebook or Instagram.
a. both b. either c. neither
7. I like ________ dogs and cats, but I just have dogs.
a. both b. either c. neither
8. I don’t like _________ chayote nor beetroot.
a. both b. either c. neither
9. We can play ________ soccer or basketball, whatever you want.
a. both b. either c. neither
10. B Why did he pass the course? He______ passed the exam nor did the homework.
a. both b. either c. neither

Instructions: Look next pictures and find similarities and differences. Use both-and,
neither-nor and either-or to write three different sentences about them.

____________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________

7
___________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________

Instructions: read the sentences below. Then circle the correlative conjunctions that
complete each sentence.

1. ___________ Richard ___________ Antonio helped me with my homework, they saved me

a. Both . . . and b. Either . . .or c. Neither . . .nor

2. I didn’t find _____________ my cellphone ___________ my keys, I think I lost them.

a. Both . . . and b. Either . . .or c. Neither ..... nor

3. _____________ I find the right bus to get home _________ we catch a taxi.
a. Both . . . and b. Either . . .or c. Neither......nor

4. ____________my father __________ my mother can go to the parent meeting.

a. Both . . . and b. Either . . .or c. Neither ..... nor

5. ___________ my sister __________ my best friend live in Chicago. I will visit them.
a. Both . . . and b. Either . . .or c. Neither ..... nor

8
6. I’m saving money to travel to ____________ Paris ________ London.
a. Both . . . and b. Either . . .or c. Neither ..... nor

7. ____________ the book _________the dictionary belongs to me.

a. Both . . . and b. Either . . .or c. Neither ..... nor

8. You will find this product easily ____________ a pharmacy ____________ a supermarket.
a. Both . . . and b. Either . . .or c. Neither ..... nor

9. You will find this product easily ____________ a pharmacy ____________ a supermarket.
a. Both . . . and b. Either . . .or c. Neither ..... nor

9
 Lesson 3. Intensifiers

Write the words in order from the strongest to the least strong.

1. Kind of 1.
2. Very 2.
3. Not Very 3.
4. Quite 6.
5. A little bit 4.
6. Really 5.
7. Extremely 7.
8. Pretty 8.
9. A bit 9.
10. Not at all 10
11. Sort of 11.

Fill in the blanks with intensifiers.

too many really quite too pretty

I had an interview yesterday. We were supposed to meet at Gloria’s cafe but it was
_______________ busy so we went to another cafe around the corner. I was ________________
nervous before but I think it went _______________ well. My interviewer was ________________
friendly so that made me feel more relaxed. Therefore, I was able to answer his
questions relatively confidently without ____ errors.

10
En un idioma, los intensificadores son palabras que expresan niveles variados de una
descripción. Estos niveles se dan dependiendo de la percepción de cada persona. Las
siguientes actividades te ayudarán a distinguir y utilizar este tipo de palabras para tener
una mayor claridad de tus expresiones orales y escritas en el idioma inglés.

1. En las siguientes oraciones en español, subraya la palabra que describe algo y

encierra en un círculo la palabra que expresa el nivel que se le da.

a) La tienda de mi vecino está algo vacía.

b) Su hijo es extremadamente inquieto. No deja de hacer travesuras.
c) Soy un estudiante muy responsable. Siempre cumplo con mis deberes.
d) Ese celular es demasiado caro para mí. No puedo comprarlo.

2. ¿Qué palabras utilizarías en español para expresar diferentes niveles de calor en

las siguientes frases?

El termómetro en Sonora marca una temperatura de 45 ºC. El día está

_____________ caliente.
El termómetro en Zacatecas marca una temperatura de 27 ºC. El día está
_____________ caliente.

3. Escribe la traducción al español de las siguientes palabras.

Very _____________ Fairly _____________

Really _____________ Incredibly _____________
Extremely _____________ Quite _____________

4. ¿Cuál de las palabras de la lista anterior expresaría correctamente en mensaje que

se pretende dar?

a) The temperatures in the North Pole are ____________ cold.

b) Miguel is ____________ strong. I can’t believe he can lift 200 kilograms.
c) This blouse is ___________ expensive but I think I can buy it.
d) My soup is _________ hot. I will wait for a second before I start eating.

11
Complete the sentences using an appropriate intensifier from the word bank

Low High

A bit Somewhat Fairly Quite Pretty Very Extremely

A Kind of Rather Really
little So
Slightly

1) My grades are ___________ higher this semester; I passed from 8.5 to 8.7.
2) The new cell phone is ____________ expensive to me. I can’t but it.
3) My family is ____________ important to me. I love them very much!
4) The exam was__________ difficult. I couldn’t do some of the activities.
5) I am _____________ hungry. I will eat just a sandwich and an apple.
6) Mario is a __________ good soccer player. He is a good member of the team.
7) The wind of the storm was ____________ strong. It destroyed many houses.
8) Carlos is __________ tall. He is almost two meters high.
9) You are just ___________ older than I. You are 16 and I am 15 years old.
10) Johana is a ____________smart teacher. She knows a lot!

Answer the questions using the adjectives in the parenthesis and one intensifier from
the word bank. Follow the example.

Example:
Did you wear a Jacket this morning? (cold)
Yes, I wore a jacket because it was really
cold.

1. Do you know Ms. Avilés? (popular)

Yes, _______________________ because ___________________________

2. Did you watch all the movies? (long)

Yes, __________________________ but ______________________________

3) Do you like Mr. Frank’s Classes? (boring)

Yes, _________________________ but _______________________________

12
Describe the pictures using intensifiers according to the information given in each image.
Example:

Expensive
Strong Dangerous

The watch is pretty

expensive

Easy Fast
Heavy

New difficult Cold

13
 Lesson 4. Comparative and superlative adjectives

Students will be able to express similarities or differences in products, objects, people or

situations using suffixes er o r est , or more , as and the most.
Mark with an “X” the adjectives where you can use the suffix ER or EST correctly

brief ( ) beautiful ( ) quiet ( ) efficiently ( ) filthy ( )

nice ( ) interesting ( ) bright ( ) important ( ) black ( )
hot ( ) popular ( ) bad ( ) difficult ( ) itchy ( )
fancy ( ) tired ( ) quick ( ) quickly ( ) young ( )
cute ( ) beautiful ( ) young ( ) famous ( ) sweet ( )
hot ( ) quiet ( ) nice ( ) expensive ( ) bad ( )
old ( ) slow ( ) fast ( ) rapidly ( ) good ( )
big ( ) bossy ( ) dry ( ) perfect ( ) far ( )

To form comparative and superlative adjectives you need to follow the next rules

For one and two syllable adjectives ending in “y” and before of it there is a vowel you
will have to replace “y” with “i” + suffix er or est as for example:

Shiny- shinier. Or shiniest.

With the structure consonant + vowel +consonant or short vowels you must double
the final consonant as for example:

big-bigger-biggest

14
When the word has more than two syllable you just keep the adjective the same but
add the word “more” before the adjective or the most in case of superlative, as for
example: More perfect or the most perfect. Even though there are also some irregular
forms that don’t follow these rules.

Comparative adjectives which are formed either by adding –er at the end of the
adjective or placing more before of it must be followed by the word than.

Superlative adjectives which are formed either by adding –est at the end of the adjective
or placing “the most” before of the adjective.

If you are comparing adjectives that are equal you must use the following
structure: as + adjective or adverb + as like the following example:

 Jason drives as quickly as he can, just to arrive on time.

 You can eat as healthy as you want
 We are as successful as they are

Instructions: Locate the given words in the grid, running horizontally, vertically or
diagonally direction.

BRIEFER BIGGEST BEST QUIETER MORE MOST

FANCIEST EASIEST NICEST FASTER POPULAR PERFECT
FANCIER CHUBBIE FURTHES BRAVEST YOUNGE DARKER
FILTHIER NICEST DRIER CUTEST WORST SWEETER
SMARTER MORE HEALTHIE HAPPIER MORE FURTHER
MORE FAMOUS HOTTER MORE QUICKLY
EXPENSIVE SLOWEST DIFFICULT CALMER
BETTER MORE TIRED GOOD FUNNIEST
WORSE BAD

15
Instructions: fill in the gaps with the appropriate form of the adjective in brackets.

1. I was ................................... in this movie than in that one. [interested]

2. Going uphill was ............................. experience in my whole life! [tiring]

3. I really need to get a .............. computer. I can’t afford that one. [cheap]

4. This exercise is ...................................... than the one before. [easy]

5. I’m going to tell you ……………….………………. joke I’ve ever heard! [funny]

6. It’s ……………………..……..….. Today than yesterday, don’t you think? [cold]

7. This book is the……………………………………….…. I’ve ever read! [enjoyable]

8. Mr. Thomas’s English class is the……………………… class I’ve ever had! [fun]

16
9. Jahir is in a rush and he is driving ………………..… than yesterday! [quickly]

10. Susan is becoming the ..............................girl in her class. [successful]

Instructions: read carefully the following reading and answer the questions below.

The Rodriguez Brothers Circus is in town! Every year, the circus arrives and stays for a
week. Then they go to next town.

There are not many animals in the circus. People told the circus that they didn’t like seeing
animals performing. There is an elephant called Jacob and two old lions, Hattie and Meg.
Most of the performers are human! There is Leopold, the strongest man in the world. His
father also worked in the circus but Leopold is stronger than him, he has bigger arms and
bigger legs too! Leopold performs his act every night for the town’s people who come to
watch.

Another performer is Clara. She says she has the longest hair in the World. It’s about 4
metres long! She also has a daughter who works in the circus. Her name is Sue-Ellen. Her
hair is a lot shorter but she wants to grow it as long as her mother’s. Sue-Ellen helps look
after the animals and she’s also learning how to juggle.
The highlights of the circus are the three clowns, Pit, Pot, and Pat. They all wear long red
shoes, but Pat’s shoes are the longest and sometimes, he falls over because they’re so
long! They perform for about twenty minutes and they are always the most popular act with
the audience, especially the children. Many people think Pit, Pot and Pat are three brothers,
but Pat is older than the other two –he’s their father-He is the oldest clown in the country,
but he has a lot of energy.

Tomorrow will be the longest day because the circus is leaving town and everything must
be packed away into big trucks.

17
Answer the questions

1. Leopoldo was the strongest man in the world and his father was (T) (F)
considered the strongest one in the country.

2. The oldest clown in the country falls over easily (T) (F)

3. They all wear black shoes and but the strongest man always wears (T) (F)
the blackest ones.

4. Leopold and his father work harder than anybody else in the circus. (T) (F)

5. Path's father is the strongest. (T) (F)

6. Clara's hair is longer than her daughter's hair. (T) (F)

7. Sue-Ellen wants to be the most beautiful clown in the circus. (T) (F)

8. Pit is the youngest of the family. (T) (F)

9. The three clowns wear the best shoes. (T) (F)

Intructions: fill in the blanks.

1. My best friend has always spoken ________ than me.
a) more fluently b) fluently c) fluentlier d) all are correct

2. Those students will never be as ___________ as we are.

a) intelligent b) smart c) clever d) all are correct

3. I wouldn’t be __________ than yesterday.

a) more stupid b) stupider c) stupidest d) stupid

4. This is not fair; my __________ sister has the ___________ room

a) smallest-big b) big -small c) smallest-biggest d) biggest-smaller

5. I want to study __________ to become a _________ student.

a) harder-gooder b) harder-well c) harder-better d)hard-good

6. My best friend never laughed ___________than the whole audience that is a lie.
a) loudest b) loudly c) louder d) no one is correct

18
7. Chihuahua is the ___________ state in Mexico
a) no one is correct b) biggest c) big d) bigger

8. Which is_______________ language?

a) the most interest b) the more difficult c) the most difficult d) the more interesting

9. Chivas´ soccer team is _____________ than America.

a) worst b) worse c) bad d) badder

10. Today it the most___________ day of the year.

a) beautiful b) beautifully c) prettiest d) pretty

11. It becomes _______ and then _______ all of a sudden.

a) weirdest-cold-hot b) most weird-cold-hot c) weird-colder-hot d) weird-cold-hotter

12. Who is the__________________ student in your class?

a) the most activer b) most talkative c) bad d) badder

19
 Lesson 5. Auxiliar verbs, modal verbs

Instructions: choose the right answer using one option; you are going to use auxiliary
verbs and modal verbs. Use one of options from the right column, there is no
repetition.

were / am / don’t / is / are / will / does / do / was / can

1. Tomorrow I _________ help you with your homework.

2. My mother _______ an excellent Doctor.

3. Ariana Grande and Paul McCartney ________ eat meat because they are vegetarian.

4. Rosy and Robert ________ in my class last semester.

5________ they in your group this year?

6. Lady Gaga _______ act very well, she was nominated for an Oscar.

7 you speak English?

8 he playing video games with you last weekend?

9. I ________ a student in this school.

10 __________ she play soccer every weekend?

20
 Auxiliary verbs
Los verbos auxiliares son verbos que ayudan a otros verbos y que generalmente van
acompañando a verbos de acción, aunque en algunos casos pueden usarse solos. Con
ayuda de los verbos auxiliares podemos formar los tiempos compuestos como los
continuos, perfectos, al igual que la voz pasiva, también son los que utilizamos para
poder negar o preguntar. De hecho, este último punto es el que vamos a reforzar en esta
lección, durante los semestres pasados los has estado usando en los diferentes
tiempos que se han trabajado en inglés. ¿No los recuerdas?, ya verás que sí, los
verbos auxiliares son: be, have, do y Will. Vamos a recordar cómo y cuándo los usamos
al preguntar.
Estructura de las preguntas afirmativas

Tiempo Auxiliar sujeto Verbo Complemento Significado

Do you study english? ¿estudias

inglés?
I, you, they,
we
Presente

Does ¿termina su
she finish her homework?
tarea?
He, she,
it

Pasado Did you study english? ¿estudiaste

inglés?

¿terminó su
Did he finish his homework?
tarea?

Futuro Will you study english? ¿estudiaras

inglés?

¿Terminará su
Will she finish her homework?
tarea?

Como puedes ver en el cuadro anterior, la estructura de las preguntas es muy sencilla,
casi toda es igual, lo que cambia según el tiempo son justo los auxiliares, en presente
solo tienes que fijarte bien porque dependiendo del sujeto, el verbo auxiliar puede ser
Do o Does, pero ya te pusimos en el cuadro cuales van con cada uno por si no lo
recordabas. En

21
lo que corresponde al pasado y el futuro no hay problema porque los auxiliares van con
cualquier pronombre. Recuerda también que el tiempo del verbo no cambia,
nuevamente la diferencia la hace el verbo auxiliar.
En caso del presente perfecto que vimos el semestre pasado, el verbo, si cambia de
tiempo, las estructuras del cuadro anterior utilizan el verbo en su forma infinitiva (sin el
To) pero para los tiempos perfectos, tanto el presente como para el pasado, que veremos
más adelante, el verbo tanto en su forma afirmativa, negativa como interrogativa van en
pasado participio.

Tiempo Auxiliar sujeto Verbo en pasado Complemento Significado

participio
Have you seen my glasses? ¿Has visto
I, you, they, mis lentes?
Presente we
perfecto
¿Ha
Has he finished his homework? terminado su
She, he, tarea?
it

Respecto, al verbo To be, el famoso ser o estar que hemos trabajado desde primer
semestre, lo podemos usar como auxiliar o como verbo principal. Primero veamos la
estructura cuando se usa como verbo principal.

Estructura de las preguntas con verbo To be

Tiempo Auxiliar sujeto Complemento Significado
Presente Am I in your ¿estoy en tu
I equipo?

Is she team? your ¿es tu

He,she,it amiga?

Are you friend?

you, they, ¿eres mi
we estudiante?
my student?
Pasado Was he In your class? ¿estaba en tu
I, she, he, it clase?

Were they your teachers? ¿eran tus

You, they, maestros?
we

22
 ¿Y puedes hacer preguntas negativas?

Claro, nuevamente lo único que cambia es el auxiliar, que ahora irá en su forma negativa.
Para el caso del to be, have, auxiliares modales y tiempos continuos aplica el mismo
cambio, te ponemos algunos ejemplos.

Estructura de las preguntas negativas.

Tiempo Auxiliar sujeto Verbo Complemento
Presente Don´t you study english?
I, you, they,
we
she finish her homework?
Doesn´t
He,she,it
Pasado Didn´t you study english?

Didn´t he finish his homework?

Futuro Won´t you study english?

Won´t she finish her homework?

Además de los verbos que ya hemos explicado, también podemos hacer uso de los
verbos auxiliares modales y no te preocupes, aunque son varios la estructura es la
misma para todos. El verbo to be también lo usamos para formar los tiempos continuos,
en esta lección solo nos enfocaremos en el presente y pasado continuo, se aplicamos la
misma estructura que para los auxiliares modales, solo que al verbo de acción le
agregamos “ing”.

Estructura de las preguntas con verbos auxiliares modales.

Auxiliar sujeto verbo de Complemento Significado
acción
Can I talk ith you? ¿Puedo hablar contigo?
Could you open the ¿Podrías abrir la puerta?
Would you help door? ¿Me ayudarías?
Should I bring me? ¿Debo traer mi acta de
Must he respect my birthday nacimiento?
May I come certificate? the law? ¿Debe respetar la ley?
Might he write in? ¿Puedo pasar?
Is she reading a new ¿Podría escribir un nuevo libro?
Are you listening book? my ¿Está leyendo mi libro?
book? ¿Me estas escuchando?
to me?

23
Por último, te recordamos que también puedes hacer uso de las question words para
preguntar algo más específico. Estas son:

What (qué o

cuál) Where

(dónde), When

(cuándo) Who

(quién)

Why (por

qué) Which

(cuál) How

(cómo)

Estas se agregan cuando quieres saber algo más concreto y generalmente usan la
misma estructura que ya vimos, pero van antes del auxiliar, usando algunos de los
ejemplos que ya vimos en los cuadros anteriores vamos agregar algunas Wh questions
para que recuerdes cómo se usan.

Do you study english? significa ¿Estudias inglés? pero si queremos saber cuándo, dónde o
porqué, por poner unos ejemplos, tendríamos que agregar la Wh question que
necesitemos según lo que queremos saber.

When do you study english?

¿Cuándo estudias inglés?

Where do you study

english?

¿Dónde estudias inglés?

Why do you study

english?
¿Por qué estudias inglés?

En el caso de otros ejemplos que usamos, asi quedarían usando Wh

questions. when can I talk with you?

¿Cuándo puedo hablar contigo?

Who is she?

¿Quién es ella?

Where is he?
¿Dónde está él?
Why is she reading my book? /¿Por qué está leyendo mi libro?

24
Muy bien, esperando que tus dudas hayan quedado resueltas, y ahora vamos a
practicar el uso de los verbos auxiliares al realizar preguntas, te recuerdo que hay
varias claves para saber cuál es el auxiliar correcto, uno es el sujeto y otra son las
expresiones de tiempo.

Instructions: Read the sentences below. Then circle the auxiliary verb that
completes each sentence.

1. you in my class, last semester?

a) Was b) Is c) Were

2. Where _______you from?

a) was b) are c) am

3. Annie your teacher?

a) Is b) Were c) Are

4. Yesterday _______ monday?

a) is b) was c) were

5. you like english?

a) Is b) Do c) Does

6. Where ______you go last weekend?

a) Did b) Do c) Does

7. you come tomorrow?

a) Is b) Were c) Will

8. Excuse me teacher, _______ I come in?

a) Must b) Do c) Can

9. I don't feel good, ________ go to the doctor?

a) Should b) Could c) May

10. he play soccer with you?

a) Do b) Does c) Is

25
11. what ________ you like to study?
a) Should b) Would c) Must

12. you run faster when you were a kid?

a) Can b) Will c) Could

Instructions: Put in order the sentences, you have to add the auxiliary verb, we give
you three options.

Sentences auxiliary verbs options your answer

Ejemplo. Sister/ Mary/ your Are/Were/Is ________Is Mary your sister _________ ?

1. student/I/ your/semester/last Was/Is/Were _____________________________________ ?

2. Firulais/dog/good/a Do/Is/Are ________________________________________ ?

3. Friend/your/I/best Am/Is/Are _______________________________________ ?

4. in/english/your/class/they Am/is/Are ________________________________________ ?

5. sing/concert/she/the/in Do/have/Does ____________________________________ ?

6. birthday/forget/last/you/her Do/Did/Does ______________________________________ ?

7. movies/you/like Do/Did/Does ______________________________________ ?

8.you/my/seen/cellphone Have/has/had _____________________________________ ?

9. Speak/you/french May/will/Can ______________________________________ ?

10. me/help/you/weekend/next Should/will/Did ____________________________________?

11. go/bathroom/I/the/to Will/May/Did _______________________________________ ?

26
 Lesson 6. Tag questions.

1. Complete the dialogues with a confirmation a question (tag question) in each blank.

A:
Lucy: Hi, Jhoana, why are you leaving so early?
Johana: Lucy, you didn’t forget about our appointment with Mr. Avilés, __________ ?
Lucy: I can’t believe I forgot it. If I hurry, we can get to the meeting on time, _______ ?
Johana: Sure, we just need to hurry up and we’ll make it on time.
Lucy: We don’t have to come back to the office after the meeting, ___________ ?
Johana: Yes, it will be something quick so we’ll be back in about an hour.
Lucy: Ok, let me grab my things and I’ll be ready to go.

B:
Jossy: Happy birthday Joseph!
Joseph: Thanks a lot for my present Jossy!
Jossy: Hey, how about Italian food for dinner. You like Italian food, _________ ?
Joseph: Yes, I love Italian food, especially Lasagna.
Jossy: You don’t have plans for tonight, ________ ?
Joseph: No, no really.

2. Complete each sentence with the correct confirmation question.

1. She likes quiet places, doesn’t she ? B . A. Did they

2. Tom doesn’t play sports, ________________? ______ B. Doesn’t she
3. They didn’t find the keys, __________________? ______ C. Didn’t they
4. There were two car accidents yesterday, ________? ______ D. Doesn’t it
5. Your friends used to come, ____________? ______ E. Can they
6. You have internet at home, _______________? ______ F. Is it
7. You don’t have time, ___________? ______ G. Weren’t they
8. He has to work tonight, _____________? ______ H. Do you
9. He didn’t have to stay home, _____________? ______ I. Did he
10. He has called you today, _____________? ______ J. Isn’t it
11. Everything is fine, ________________? ______ K. Doesn’t he
12. He will come home early tonight, ____________? ______ L. Won’t he
13. Smoking ruins our health, _____________? ______ M. Don’t you
14. They cannot speak English, _____________? ______ N. Does he
15. The exam isn’t easy, _______________? ______ O. Hasn’t he

27
¿Qué es una “tag question”?

De manera simple, se puede definir a un “tag question” como una pregunta de confirmación
que se agrega al final de una oración afirmativa o negativa.

¿Existe en tu lengua materna algo parecido a la tag questions?

En español si existen este tipo de preguntas. Aunque su estructura es distinta a la del

inglés, estas preguntas tienen la misma función. Algunos de los ejemplos serían:
¿Verdad?,
¿cierto? ¿o sí? ¿o no?. Por ejemplo: Terminaste toda tu tarea, ¿o no? Martín llega
temprano a la escuela todos los días, ¿verdad?

¿Cuál es la estructura de una “tag question” en inglés

La tag question tiene dos elementos después de la frase especulativa; estos son “auxiliar
y

pronombre.

Ejemplos:

A. Oración en forma afirmativa, auxiliar negativo y pronombre personal.

Joseph sings very well, doesn’t he?

Se utiliza el auxiliar “does” ya que es una expresión en presente simple y se utiliza

el pronombre “he” que hace referencia a Joseph.

Oraciones en forma negativas, auxiliar y pronombre personal.

Sofy won’t forget the umbrella at home, will she?

Se utiliza el auxiliar “does” ya que es una expresión en presente simple y se utiliza

el pronombre “he” que hace referencia a Joseph.

28
Parte importante de la elaboración de una “Tag question” es la identificación del auxiliar
de la frase a la que se le va a agregar la pregunta de confirmación. Recuerda que a todas
las oraciones les corresponde un auxiliar, aunque no esté visible.

Para la siguiente actividad, completa la siguiente tabla con la información solicitada.

Sentence Tense Auxiliary

1) Your friends speak English well.
2) The Government is building new roads in your city.

3) My grandfather built this house in 1950.

4) Picasso painted Guernica at that time.

5) The officers saw the accident.
6) Mr. Ortega wrote three children’s books.
7) Aracely will come to work later.
8) He has three sisters.
9) They like our new house.
10) Your students can sing well.

Using the information from the previous questions, add a tag questions for each of
the following sentences. Then, check the answers with a partner.

1) Your friends speak English well, _________________ ?

2) The Government is building new roads in your city, ________________ ?
3) My grandfather built this house in 1950, ________________ ?
4) Picasso painted Guernica at that time, ________________ ?
5) The officers saw the accident, _________________ ?
6) Mr. Ortega wrote three children’s books, ______________ ?
7) Aracely will come to work later,_________________ ?
8) He has three sisters, _________________ ?
9) They like our new house, _________________ ?
10) Your students can sing well, _________________ ?

29
Complete each sentence with the correct confirmation question as in the example.
1. He is late this morning, isn’t he ? L. A. Doesn’t he?
2. The hotel was quite good, _________________? _____ B. Is it?
3. She cooks well, ___________________? _____ C. Doesn’t she?
4. You can’t tell the difference, _________________? _____ D. Don’t they?
5. They always sleep after lunch, _______________? _____ E. Does he?
6. You’re coming with us, _________________? _____ F. Aren’t they?
7. Mary plays football, ____________________? _____ G. Did you?
8. You didn’t have any lessons this morning, _________? _____ H. Am I?
9. Anne is on holiday, ________________? _____ I. Doesn’t he?
10. The students see it every day, ________________? _____ J. Aren’t you?
11. Mr Jacobs doesn’t know your father, __________? _____ K. Can you?
12. There are lots of cars here, _______________? _____ L. Isn’t he?
3. I am not disturbing you, __________________? _____ M. Don’t they?
14. Tom does his work very well, _________________? _____ N. Wasn’t it?
15. This isn’t very pleasant, ____________________? _____ O. Isn’t she?

Add the tag question to each expression. Then, answer the questions with your
own information.
.You live in Oaxtepec Morelos, don’t you ? No , I live in Ocuituco Morelos
1. You didn’t do the homework today, _____________? _____, _______________________
2. Your best friend forgot your birthday, ____________? _____, _______________________
3. You will come to school tomorrow,_____________? _____, _______________________
4. You are sleeping now, _____________? _____, _______________________
5. Your sister is married,_____________? _____, _______________________
6. Your brother plays soccer every day,_____________? _____, _______________________
7. Your mom won’t make dinner tonight,_____________?_____, _______________________

30
8. You can speak English well, _____________? _____, _______________________
9. This activity was easy,__________? _____, _______________________
10. Your English teacher is rich,_____________? _____, _______________________

Complete the chart writing the verb tense of the sentence in the second column and the
auxiliaries that correspond to that tense in the third column. Then, check your answers
on the next page.

Verb tense Auxiliary

1) They have a new car.

2) They are building a new stadium near the station.

3) The wolf ate the princess.

4) At six o’clock, someone was telling a story.

5) Oscar drank all the milk!

Add the corresponding tag question to each of the sentences below.

1) They have a new car, _________ ?

2) They are building a new stadium near the station, _________ ?

3) The wolf ate the princess, __________ ?

4) At six o’clock, someone was telling a story, ________ ?

5) Oscar drank all the milk, __________ ?

31
Answers

Verb tense Auxiliary

1) They have a new car. Present simple Do

2) They are building a new stadium near the station. Present progressive Are

3) The wolf ate the princess. Simple past Did

4) At six o’clock, Myrna was telling a story. Past progressive was

5) Oscar drank all the milk! Past simple Did

Add the corresponding tag question to each of the sentences below.

1) They have a new car, don’t they ?

2) They are building a new stadium near the station, aren’t they ?

3) The wolf ate the princess, didn’t it ?

4) At six o’clock, Myrna was telling a story, wasn’t she ?

5) Oscar drank all the milk, didn’t he ?

32
 Lesson 7. Linking words

Instructions: Read the following paragraph and underlin the linking words you know.

There is a biological reason why drinking animal milk is odd.

Milk contains a type of sugar called lactose, which is distinct from the sugars
found in fruit and other sweet foods. When we are babies, our bodies make a special
enzyme called lactase that allows us to digest the lactose in our mother’s milk. But
after all this, we are weaned in early childhood, for many people this stops. Without
lactase, we cannot properly digest the lactose in milk. As a result, if an adult drinks a
lot of milk they may experience flatulence, painful cramps and even diarrhea. (It’s
worth noting that in other mammals, there aren’t any lactase-persistent adults – adult
cows don’t have active lactase, and neither do cats or dogs, for example).

How many linking words did you find in the paragraph? _________________________
Write them down: _________________________________________________________

33
Instructions: classify the following linking words according to their function (cause,
effect and contrast)

as a result despite accordingly due to

for this reason however in order to but
therefore nevertheless because of if
although provided that consequently

Cause Effect Contrast

1. I enjoy watching tennis on TV _____________ I prefer playing it.

a) despite b) because c) although
2 ____________ having a well-paid job, she never has any money.
a) despite b) because c) if
3. Sarah can play the piano; _______ she has troubles playing the guitar.
a) however b) after all c) due to
4. I cannot walk fast________ my age and knee problems.
a) however b) despite c) because of

34
5. My girlfriend likes romantic movies ________ I prefer action movies.
a) thus b) but c) and
6. We don`t know the city __________ we are driving slowly.
a) if b) for this reason c) therefore
7. Mariah can rent a dress __________ go to the party.
a) due to b) because of c) in order to
8. The sea was dangerous _____ we didn’t go in for a swim.
a) due to b) provided that c) therefore
9 he is good at Baseball; he could be part of the professional league.
a) provided that b) consequently c) because of
10 Martin`s performance in his job, he will receive a raise.
a) due to b) if c) although
11. She will be thinner _____ she does more exercise.
a) but b) if c) accordingly
12 ____________ to bad weather conditions, all flights will be cancelled
a) although b) because c) accordingly
13. The bank was closed____________ we couldn’t deposit the money
a) consequently b) but c) if
14 ___________ even now, at this time; all the seats on the train were taken.
a) although b) nevertheless c) so
15. Zoe misbehaves every single day ____ she won´t go to the party next weekend.
a) in order to b) as a result c)

despite Instructions: complete the following

sentences:

1.Our scholarship has come as a result of _________________________________________

2.Myrna is a very sociable and nice
person, for this reason
_________________________________________
3.We want to buy a new house but _________________________________________
4.Nancy didn’t pass the exams although _________________________________________
5.Carlos is saving money in order to _________________________________________

35
6. Shakira is a humble human being despite___________________________________
7. I can go to the concert if _________________________________________

36
 8. Johanna will be happy forever due to _________________________________________
9.Mark is a good student, accordingly _________________________________________
10.Despite_________________________ You could pass the semester.
11.Mike never practices any sports, however_________________________________
12. You´d become a very rich woman if _________________________________________
13. I will memorize the English vocabulary therefore_________________________________
14.The ticket match is so expensive, nevertheless______________________________

Instructions: Write down 5 argumentative statements to support your opinion about the
following topic using linking words:

Capital Punishment also called death penalty is a sanctioned practiced by the government
whereby a person is killed, because of the practice of crimes as murder or mass murder,
rapes, terrorism, aggravated robbery, kidnapping, drug dealing, etc. Although Capital
Punishment is a matter of active controversy in our State, your opinion is very important
for our citizens committee.

1. _______________________________________________________________________
2. _______________________________________________________________________
3. _______________________________________________________________________
4. ______________________________________________________________________
5. ______________________________________________________________________

37
38