Publication
Publication
Publication
LEVEL F
V O C A B U L A RY
word meaning, pronunciation, prefixes, suffixes, synonyms, antonyms, and fun!
in Action
Cover & Interior Art: Anni Betts
Cover Design: Judine O’Shea
Interior Design: Kathy Greenholdt and Joan Bledig
Copyright © 2010 Loyola Press
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be
reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted
in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical,
photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the
prior permission of the publisher.
ISBN-10: 0-8294-2779-1
ISBN-13: 978-0-8294-2779-0
12 13 14 15 16 17 Hess 10 9 8 6 7 5 4 3
visit
www.vocabularyinaction.com
access code: VTB-8994
ii
Contents
Pronunciation Key . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iv
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . v
Program Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vi
Pretest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Chapter 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Chapter 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Chapter 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Review for Chapters 1–3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Chapter 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Chapter 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Chapter 6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
Review for Chapters 4–6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
Chapter 7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Chapter 8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
Chapter 9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
Review for Chapters 7–9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
Chapter 10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
Chapter 11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
Chapter 12 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
Review for Chapters 10–12 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
Chapter 13 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
Chapter 14 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153
Chapter 15 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163
Review for Chapters 13–15 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173
Posttest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177
Test-Taking Tips . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183
Roots, Prefixes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185
Suffixes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 186
Roots Activity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187
Games & Activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189
iii
Pronunciation Key
This key shows the meanings of the abbreviations and symbols used
throughout the book.
Some English words have more than one possible pronunciation. This
book gives only one pronunciation per word, except when different
pronunciations indicate different parts of speech. For example, when the
word relay is used as a noun, it is pronounced re´ la; as a verb, the word
is pronounced rə la´.
Parts of speech
adj. adjective int. interjection prep. preposition
adv. adverb n. noun part. participle
v. verb
vowels
ā tape ə about, circus ôr torn
a map ı̄ kite oi noise
âr stare i win ou foul
ä car, father ō toe
oo soon
ē meet o mop oo book
e kept ô law u tug
Consonants
ch check ŋ rang y yellow
g girl th thimble zh treasure
j jam th
— that sh shelf
stress
The accent mark follows the syllable receiving the major stress, such as
in the word plaster (plas´ tər).
iv
Introduction
Vocabulary in Action offers the following elements to help students develop this
critical literacy skill:
• Flexible leveling and student placement for individualized instruction
v
Program Overview
1
• Program Pretest to identify level of understanding Read ea
WOR D
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proficien
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© Loyo
activities for words in context, word meaning, word
usage, related words, and word building
Level F 7
testing formats, and study of testing vocabulary 3. athlet the lad . angle
der mo
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person ard the
Who do trained house,
you th or skille it will
ink is ba d in a reach
4. calori seball’s sp ort
vi
Program Overview
easy correction
reveal explosio m for eac
n h group
of words
illicit congreg .
1. tell, ate
announ disbelie feud
ce, expo f
2. crimi se, unveil
nal, wr judicio
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ong, ou
.
la Press
© Loyo
The Vocabulary in Action
Web site includes
• Assessments
• Vocabulary Games
Fill in the oval next to the word or phrase that best defines each word below.
1. delegate
a. to commit
b. to choose a person as a representative
c. brief statement of information
NAME d. simple part
2. broker
HAPTER
1
C a. place where water is stored
b. person hired to buy or sell for others
c. basic rule or standard
d. friend
3. nobility
a. people who are of high rank
Word Meanings
b. vacant space
Fill in the oval next to the word or phrase that best defines each word below.
c. weakness
NAME 1. pupil d. earnings from a business
c. refusal to believe
Ch. 11 5. Jacqueline has an irrational fear of toads. d. a blowing up
a. sleepy b. unreasonable c. sickening d. old-fashioned
4. reveal
Ch. 11 6. This ointment should soothe that rash. Page 1 of 7
a. to speak out against Level F Cumulative Review 1–15 ANSWER KEY
a. pill b. exercise c. greasy d. book
substance b. to bend
c. to group together into a crowd
Ch. 8 7. That heavy backpack will impede your hike.
a. interfere with b. assist c. end d. balance d. to make known
Ch. 2 8. Various paintings depict the king as a tall, muscular man. 5. tendon
a. insult b. hide c. clothe d. portray a. person skilled in a sport
b. tissue that joins muscle to bone
© Loyola Press. VIA Level F.
Ch. 10 13. Can’t you coax your parents into letting you go to the movies?
a. bully b. trick c. persuade d. allow
© Loyola Press. VIA Level F.
Ch. 12 14. I acknowledge that you are a better chess player than I am.
a. deny b. admit c. challenge d. escape
Page 1 of 4
Level F Pretest ANSWER KEY
www.vocabularyinaction.com
vii
Program Overview
Student Placement
Use the following chart to help determine the book most appropriate for
each individual student. Differences in level include word difficulty, sentence
complexity, and ideas presented in context. In addition to the chart, consider
a student’s achievement level on any pretest that you give. Adjust books based
on a student’s achievement on a pretest and other vocabulary assignments, his
or her ability to retain new information, and the student’s overall work ethic
and interest level.
Placement Levels
Typical Grade-Level Assignments Accelerated Grade-Level Assignments
Level Grade Level Grade
D 4 D 3
E 5 E 4
F 6 F 5
G 7 G 6
H 8 H 7
To Begin
At the beginning of the year, choose a book
for each student based on the above criteria.
Have each student take the program pretest
in his or her book. Avoid timing the test.
Give students enough time to complete the
test thoughtfully and with confidence.
After grading the test and noting student
achievement levels, make book adjustments
if necessary.
viii
Program Overview
1. Chapter opener: Have students work with partners, in small groups, or with
you to read aloud each word in the Word List. Check pronunciation and
discuss the definition of each word, having students find the words in a
dictionary if you have time. Have students review the Word Study section.
Introduce the Challenge Words in the same way as the Word List. Then
have students remove the page and complete the back side.
ix
Program Overview
x
www.vocabularyinaction.com access code: VTB-8994
NAME
Pretest
This test contains some of the words you will find in this book. It will give you an
idea of the kinds of words you will study. When you have completed all the units, the
posttest will measure what you have learned.
CH O OS I N G TH E D E FI N ITI O N S
Fill in the bubble of the item that best defines the word in bold in each sentence.
1. On cool evenings, the campers congregate around the campfire.
a. dance b. gather c. cook d. sing
3. Jennifer stopped the car so everyone could admire the scenic view.
a. colorful b. ugly c. desert d. attractive
6. The class president will abstain from voting if her sister runs for office.
a. avoid b. lead c. encourage d. count
7. The flu makes you feel awful, but it is not a terminal illness.
a. short b. mild c. horrible d. deadly
10. During the earthquake, the statue slid off its pedestal and broke.
a. hill b. museum c. base d. frame
11. Amanda felt a sense of triumph after she scored the final goal.
a. victory b. defeat c. happiness d. anger
12. The police assured the witness that her name would be kept confidential.
a. public b. secret c. rewarded d. misspelled
13. Even though it was late, Sydney felt an obligation to attend the meeting.
© Loyola Press.
15. I despise spinach, but I eat it because it’s so good for me.
a. grow b. hate c. crave d. digest
17. Vines had grown up to obscure the entrance to the abandoned farmhouse.
a. hide b. light c. destroy d. decorate
18. The feud between the two families continued for years.
a. fence b. friendship c. relationship d. dispute
22. Kyle thought the prank was harmless, but it enraged his best friend.
a. angered b. thrilled c. scared d. amused
23. At the grand opening, a horde of customers waited outside the mall doors.
a. crowd b. couple c. family d. small group
25. Nicole went to the manager’s office to inquire about the summer job.
a. complain b. ask c. study d. think
26. The toddler didn’t shed a tear when he fell off his tricycle.
a. cause b. wipe off c. pour out d. hold back
28. We can accomplish the difficult task with hard work and determination.
a. humor b. speed c. purpose d. fear
29. Jasmine was distraught until her lost MP3 player was returned.
© Loyola Press.
Pretest
62. The author dedicated the book to all the students at King School.
a. wrote b. devoted c. read aloud d. mailed
63. Mackenzie enjoys using the computer to correspond with her friends.
a. spy b. work c. play d. communicate
64. The club’s fundraising plan evolved from one member’s casual comment.
a. turned b. discouraged c. developed d. ended
68. When his friends knocked, Gabriel hurried to conceal the dirty dishes.
a. scrub b. hide c. throw away d. show off
69. Waves caused by a hurricane can be even more destructive than the wind.
a. beautiful b. powerful c. creative d. damaging
73. The accountant was able to swindle her trusting business partners.
a. praise b. leave c. work for d. cheat
80. His father warned Sean not to trifle with his little brother’s feelings.
a. wrestle b. treat carelessly c. discuss d. argue with
81. Sophia needs time to recuperate from the accident, but she will be fine.
a. get sick b. sleep c. get well d. run
82. The colonists decided it was time to rebel against the unfair government.
a. reject authority b. obey authority c. celebrate d. pay taxes
83. In solving the conflict, Hailey displayed a real talent for persuasion.
a. giving speeches b. writing essays c. convincing d. fighting
84. Our new neighbor’s jovial smile gave us a clue to his personality.
a. sinister b. nervous c. shy d. merry
85. Our class wrote a letter about the problem to the town council.
a. mayor b. city hall c. treasurer d. board of
advisors
86. We didn’t realize that the window was ajar until we felt a cold draft.
a. broken b. dirty c. open d. locked
87. No matter what we did, we could not make the poster adhere to the wall.
a. cling b. fall off c. look good d. draw
88. When the electricity shut down, the emergency generator saved the day.
a. employee b. director c. power supply d. rescue team
89. The geologist who explored the sea valley brought up some rare specimens.
a. submarine b. animal scientist c. rock scientist d. mapmaker
6
Pretest Level F
APTER
CH
1
WO R D LI ST WO R D STU DY
Challenge Words
adjacent (ə jā´ sənt)
customary (kus´ tə mâr ē)
fickle (fik´ əl)
legacy (le´ gə sē)
proficient (prə fish´ ənt)
© Loyola Press.
7
Level F
WO R DS I N CO NTE X T
Read each sentence below to figure out the meaning of the word in bold. Use reasoning
skills and the remainder of the sentence to help you. Write the meaning of the word on
the line.
1. Emily, a natural athlete, ran every day to prepare for the marathon.
2. The detective uncovered the criminal’s illicit activities and arrested him.
3. The sudden explosion at the factory blew out the windows and doors.
6. The courthouse steps are made of granite taken from an Alabama rock quarry.
7. When hiking in the desert, a careful and judicious use of water is necessary.
8. Can we settle our disagreement now instead of turning it into a long family feud?
8
Chapter 1 Level F
WO R D M E AN I N G S
Word Learning
Within each group, study the spelling, part(s) of speech, and meaning(s) of each word.
Complete each sentence by writing the word on the line. Then read the sentence.
1. abominable (adj.) 1. offensive; 2. unpleasant
Can someone stop that screaming child’s behavior?
2. angle (n.) the space between two surfaces or lines that meet; (v.) to bend at an angle
Each corner of a square is a right .
If you the ladder more toward the house, it will reach
the roof.
9
Level F Chapter 1
10. feud (n.) 1. an extended and bitter quarrel between families; 2. an extreme hatred
between people or groups; (v.) to carry on a violent quarrel over an extended period
of time
The over land continued for generations.
Do you think the sisters will over possession of the
computer?
11. granite (n.) a hard rock, usually pink or gray, used for building
The new park statue is made of taken from these hills.
16. pupil (n.) the area that is black in the center of the eye
Those eyedrops caused Seth’s to enlarge.
18. slogan (n.) an attention-getting word or phrase used by a business, political party, or
group
Help me come up with a catchy for our charity.
19. tendon (n.) a strong band of tissue in the body that joins muscle to bone
The pitcher pulled a leg and won’t be playing today.
10
Chapter 1 Level F
Use Your Vocabulary
Choose the word from the Word List that best completes each sentence. Write the word
on the line. You may use the plural form of nouns and the past tense of verbs if necessary.
20.
© Loyola Press.
11
Level F Chapter 1
SYN O NYM S
Synonyms are words that have the same or nearly the same meanings.
Part 1 Choose the word from the box that is the best synonym for each group of words.
Write the word on the line.
7. doubt, suspicion
Part 2 Replace the underlined word(s) with a word from the box that means the same or
almost the same. Write your answer on the line.
10. That tricky squirrel got into the bird feeder once again.
11. Travis pulled over when the steering wheel began to shake.
12. Diana expected the boys to be horrible dancers, but they weren’t.
13. Choose your words carefully when you speak against your campaign opponent’s
viewpoint.
© Loyola Press.
12
Chapter 1 Level F
14. The comedy was a funny version of several different summer movies.
15. Brett can’t get that car dealer’s saying out of his head.
ANTO NYM S
Vocabulary in Action
Jack Roosevelt “Jackie” Robinson was a husband, soldier, and civil
rights activist. He was also an excellent athlete who ran track
and played baseball, basketball, and football in college. On April
15, 1947, he became more than a great athlete. That day, Jackie
Robinson became the first African American to play for a Major
League Baseball team. When Robinson put on his #42 Brooklyn
Dodgers uniform and stepped onto the field, he ended 80 years of
baseball segregation. Today, Americans celebrate April 15 as Jackie
Robinson Day to honor the athlete whose courage and tenacity
helped end the shameful practice of segregation in baseball.
© Loyola Press.
13
Level F Chapter 1
Part 2 Replace the underlined word(s) with a word from the box that means the
opposite or almost the opposite. Write your answer on the line.
7. The twins get along well all the time, and this astonishes their parents.
8. Edgar sent me the most attractive orange skirt I have ever seen.
WO R D STU DY
Suffixes Write the word from the box that has the same meaning as the first word(s)
and the suffix -ful.
1. concern + ful
2. quiet + ful
3. idea + ful
5. strength + ful
6. fortune + ful
© Loyola Press.
14
Chapter 1 Level F
CHALLE N G E WO R DS
Word Learning—Challenge!
Study the spelling, part of speech, and meaning(s) of each word. Complete each
sentence by writing the word on the line. Then read the sentence.
1. adjacent (adj.) 1. having a common border; 2. directly preceding or following
Room 201 and Room 202 are rooms.
Vocabulary in Action
The Hatfields and the McCoys endured one of the worst feuds in
American history. The feud between the two warring families occurred
from 1878 to 1891 along the Tug Fork River in the West Virginia-
Kentucky backcountry. Most of the McCoy family lived on the Kentucky
side of the river, while the Hatfields lived mostly on the West Virginia
side. Through the course of the feud, several brutal acts—including
murder—were committed by members of both families. Many believe the
rivalry began when a member of the Hatfield family married a McCoy.
© Loyola Press.
15
Level F Chapter 1
FU N W ITH WO R DS
Unscramble the letters to form vocabulary words from this chapter. Write the word on
the line. Then use the word in a sentence.
1. elabinboam
2. citilli
3. ceategrong
4. lahette
5. nosepliox
6. naglos
7. laeiroc
8. learve
9. bratvei
10. esevilu
© Loyola Press.
16
Chapter 1 Level F
APTER
CH
2
WO R D LI ST WO R D STU DY
Challenge Words
alliance (ə lı̄´ əns)
fluster (flus´ tər)
infamous (in´ fə məs)
misdemeanor (mis də mē´ nər)
turmoil (tər´ moil)
© Loyola Press.
17
Level F
WO R DS I N CO NTE X T
Read each sentence below to figure out the meaning of the word in bold. Use reasoning
skills and the remainder of the sentence to help you. Write the meaning of the word on
the line.
2. The head-on impact crumpled the bumpers and hoods of both cars.
3. Because of a knee injury, Hannah must abstain from jogging for one year.
4. When did your ancestors emigrate from Japan to the United States?
6. The astronomer pointed out the constellation of Orion in the night sky.
9. It’s hard to choose when I have qualms about both summer camps.
10. Is it wise to let the campfire smolder after we’ve gone to bed?
© Loyola Press.
18
Chapter 2 Level F
WO R D M E AN I N G S
Word Learning
Study the spelling, part(s) of speech, and meaning(s) of each word. Complete each
sentence by writing the word on the line. Then read the sentence.
1. abstain (v.) to do without
The doctor told Haley to from all dairy products until she
feels better.
19
Level F Chapter 2
11. grovel (v.) 1. to creep at someone’s feet; 2. to humble oneself
Maxwell and Zoe when they want more allowance money
from their parents.
14. misfit (n.) a person who is not suited for a particular job or group
Being all thumbs, I was a in wood shop class.
19. tension (n.) 1. the stress that results from stretching; 2. a strain
The sail went up as we increased the on the ropes.
Notable Quotes
“The ability to think straight, some knowledge of the past, some vision of the
future, some urge to fit that service into the well-being of the community—
these are the most vital things that education must try to produce.”
—Virginia Gildersleeve (1877–1965), academic, U.S. delegate to
United Nations Charter Conference
© Loyola Press.
20
Chapter 2 Level F
Use Your Vocabulary
Choose the word from the Word List that best completes each sentence. Write the word on
the line. You may use the plural form of nouns and the past tense of verbs if necessary.
20.
© Loyola Press.
21
Level F Chapter 2
SYN O NYM S
Synonyms are words that have the same or nearly the same meanings.
Part 1 Choose the word from the box that is the best synonym for each group of words.
Write the word on the line.
2. bind, obligate
Part 2 Replace the underlined word with a word from the box that means the same or
almost the same. Write your answer on the line.
9. The expansion will house 16 new offices for extra staff members.
10. There’s a ledge in the henhouse where the hens can roost.
11. A promise of a better life causes many families to relocate to new places.
12. The smashing of the logs at the bottom of the slide sent up a big spray of water.
© Loyola Press.
22
Chapter 2 Level F
13. How would you characterize Martina’s skill on the soccer field?
15. You need to increase the tightness on the strings to tune your guitar.
ANTO NYM S
Part 2 Replace the underlined word(s) with a word from the box that means the
opposite or almost the opposite. Write your answer on the line.
smolder discontent emigrate vital tedious
7. The political troubles influenced the man’s decision to stay in one place.
23
Level F Chapter 2
9. Don’t you agree that the TV show on the life cycle of the aphid is interesting?
WO R D STU DY
Prefixes Write the word from the box that has the prefix dis- and the same meaning
as the next word(s) that follow.
1. dis + favorable
3. dis + do as told
5. dis + go on with
6. dis + charm
Vocabulary in Action
As with many words beginning with dis-, one can
determine the meaning of discontent by thinking
about the opposite of the word that follows the prefix.
Since the word content means “satisfied” or “happy,” it
makes sense that discontent means “unhappy.”
© Loyola Press.
24
Chapter 2 Level F
CHALLE N G E WO R DS
Word Learning—Challenge!
Study the spelling, part of speech, and meaning of each word. Complete each sentence
by writing the word on the line. Then read the sentence.
1. alliance (n.) bond or connection between countries, parties, or persons
Kyra and Adrianna formed an to beat Marissa in the game.
Vocabulary in Action
The word emigrate is often confused with its homophone—
immigrate. Emigrate means “to leave one’s place of residency and
live in another place.” For example: She emigrated from Canada
to the United States. The word immigrate, on the other hand,
means “to enter a new a place and become established there.”
For example: She immigrated to the United States from Canada
in 1917.
© Loyola Press.
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Level F Chapter 2
FU N W ITH WO R DS
It is the year 2029. Your pen pal Malpropo, who lives on Excellon 12, has sent you
a message on the interspace network. Malpropo’s English is not perfect, so you need
to figure out the message in a few places. Cross out the words that are incorrect and
replace them with the correct vocabulary words from this chapter.
Greetings, friend!
the way it looks in our sky. I’m so happy now. I feel that
Your friend,
Malpropo
© Loyola Press.
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Chapter 2 Level F