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BQ28Z610
Technical Reference
Literature Number: SLUUA65D

April 2014 – Revised January 2020
Contents
Preface ........................................................................................................................................ 8
1 Introduction ......................................................................................................................... 9
2 Protections ........................................................................................................................ 10
2.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................. 10
2.2 Cell Undervoltage Protection ............................................................................................. 10
2.3 Cell Overvoltage Protection ............................................................................................... 10
2.4 Overcurrent in Charge Protection ........................................................................................ 11
2.5 Overcurrent in Discharge Protection ..................................................................................... 12
2.6 Hardware-Based Protection............................................................................................... 12
2.6.1 Overload in Discharge Protection ............................................................................... 12
2.6.2 Short Circuit in Charge Protection .............................................................................. 13
2.6.3 Short Circuit in Discharge Protection ........................................................................... 13
2.7 Temperature Protections .................................................................................................. 13
2.8 Overtemperature in Charge Protection .................................................................................. 13
2.9 Overtemperature in Discharge Protection............................................................................... 14
2.10 Undertemperature in Charge Protection ................................................................................ 14
2.11 Undertemperature in Discharge Protection ............................................................................. 14
2.12 Precharge Timeout Protection ............................................................................................ 15
2.13 Fast Charge Timeout Protection ......................................................................................... 15
3 Permanent Fail ................................................................................................................... 16
3.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................. 16
3.2 Safety Cell Overvoltage Permanent Fail ................................................................................ 16
3.3 Voltage Imbalance at Rest Permanent Fail ............................................................................. 17
3.4 Voltage Imbalance Active Permanent Fail .............................................................................. 17
3.5 Charge FET Permanent Failure .......................................................................................... 17
3.5.1 Description ......................................................................................................... 17
3.5.2 Feature Enable/Disable........................................................................................... 18
3.6 Discharge FET Permanent Failure ....................................................................................... 18
3.6.1 Description ......................................................................................................... 18
3.6.2 Feature Enable/Disable........................................................................................... 18
3.7 Instruction Flash (IF) Checksum Permanent Fail ...................................................................... 18
3.8 Data Flash (DF) Permanent Fail ......................................................................................... 18
4 Advanced Charge Algorithm ................................................................................................ 19
4.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................. 19
4.2 Charge Temperature Ranges............................................................................................. 19
4.3 Voltage Range .............................................................................................................. 20
4.4 Charging Current ........................................................................................................... 21
4.5 Charging Voltage ........................................................................................................... 21
4.6 Valid Charge Termination ................................................................................................. 22
4.7 Charge and Discharge Alarms ........................................................................................... 22
4.8 Terminate Charge and Discharge Alarms............................................................................... 23
4.9 Precharge ................................................................................................................... 24
4.10 Maintenance Charge ....................................................................................................... 24
4.11 BROADCAST Mode ....................................................................................................... 24
2 Contents SLUUA65D – April 2014 – Revised January 2020

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4.12 Charge Disable and Discharge Disable ................................................................................. 24

4.13 Charge Inhibit ............................................................................................................... 25
4.14 Charge Suspend ........................................................................................................... 25
5 Power Modes ..................................................................................................................... 26
5.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................. 26
5.2 NORMAL Mode ............................................................................................................. 26
5.3 SLEEP Mode................................................................................................................ 26
5.3.1 Device Sleep ....................................................................................................... 26
5.3.2 IN SYSTEM SLEEP Mode ....................................................................................... 26
5.3.3 AltManufacturerAccess() MAC Sleep ........................................................................... 27
5.3.4 Wake Function ..................................................................................................... 27
5.4 SHUTDOWN Mode ........................................................................................................ 27
5.4.1 Voltage Based Shutdown ........................................................................................ 27
5.4.2 AltManufacturerAccess() MAC Shutdown ...................................................................... 28
5.4.3 Time Based Shutdown............................................................................................ 28
5.4.4 Emergency FET Shutdown ...................................................................................... 28
6 Gauging ............................................................................................................................ 29
6.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................. 29
6.2 Impedance Track Configuration .......................................................................................... 29
6.3 Gas Gauge Modes ......................................................................................................... 30
6.4 QMax and Ra ............................................................................................................... 32
6.4.1 QMax Initial Values ............................................................................................... 33
6.4.2 QMax Update Conditions......................................................................................... 33
6.4.3 Fast QMax Update Conditions .................................................................................. 33
6.4.4 QMax and Fast QMax Update Boundary Check .............................................................. 34
6.4.5 Ra Table Initial Values ............................................................................................ 34
6.4.6 Ra Table Update Conditions ..................................................................................... 34
6.5 FullChargeCapacity (FCC), RemainingCapacity (RemCap), and RelativeStateOfCharge (RSOC) ............. 36
6.6 Impedance Track (IT) Configuration Options ........................................................................... 36
6.7 State-of-Health (SOH) ..................................................................................................... 37
6.8 Battery Trip Point (BTP) ................................................................................................... 37
7 Cell Balancing .................................................................................................................... 39
7.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................. 39
7.2 Cell Balancing Setup ....................................................................................................... 39
7.3 Cell Balancing Operation .................................................................................................. 43
8 Lifetime Data Collection ...................................................................................................... 46
8.1 Description .................................................................................................................. 46
9 Device Security .................................................................................................................. 47
9.1 Description .................................................................................................................. 47
9.2 SHA-1 Description.......................................................................................................... 47
9.3 HMAC Description.......................................................................................................... 47
9.4 Authentication ............................................................................................................... 48
9.5 Security Modes ............................................................................................................. 48
9.5.1 SEALING and UNSEALING Data Flash ....................................................................... 49
9.5.2 SEALED to UNSEALED .......................................................................................... 49
9.5.3 UNSEALED to FULL ACCESS .................................................................................. 49
10 Manufacture Production ...................................................................................................... 50
10.1 Manufacture Testing ....................................................................................................... 50
10.2 Calibration ................................................................................................................... 50
11 Calibration ......................................................................................................................... 52
11.1 Cell Voltage Calibration ................................................................................................... 52
11.2 VC2 (BAT) Voltage Calibration ........................................................................................... 53
SLUUA65D – April 2014 – Revised January 2020 Contents 3

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11.3 PACK Voltage Calibration ................................................................................................. 53

11.4 Current Calibration ......................................................................................................... 54
11.4.1 CC Offset Calibration ............................................................................................ 54
11.4.2 Board Offset Calibration ......................................................................................... 55
11.4.3 CC Gain/Capacity Gain Calibration ............................................................................ 55
11.5 Temperature Calibration ................................................................................................... 56
11.5.1 Internal Temperature Sensor Calibration ..................................................................... 56
11.5.2 TS1 Calibration ................................................................................................... 56
12 I2C Commands ................................................................................................................... 57
12.1 Standard Data Commands ............................................................................................... 57
12.1.1 0x00/01 ManufacturerAccess() Control ....................................................................... 58
12.1.2 0x02/03 AtRate() ................................................................................................. 59
12.1.3 0x04/05 AtRateTimeToEmpty() ................................................................................ 59
12.1.4 0x06/07 Temperature() .......................................................................................... 59
12.1.5 0x08/09 Voltage() ................................................................................................ 59
12.1.6 0x0A/0B BatteryStatus() ......................................................................................... 59
12.1.7 0x0C/0D Current() ................................................................................................ 60
12.1.8 0x0E/0F MaxError() .............................................................................................. 60
12.1.9 0x10/11 RemainingCapacity() .................................................................................. 61
12.1.10 0x12/13 FullChargeCapacity() ................................................................................ 61
12.1.11 0x14/15 AverageCurrent() ..................................................................................... 61
12.1.12 0x16/17 AverageTimeToEmpty() ............................................................................. 61
12.1.13 0x18/19 AverageTimeToFull() ................................................................................ 61
12.1.14 0x1A/1B StandbyCurrent() .................................................................................... 61
12.1.15 0x1C/1D StandbyTimeToEmpty() ............................................................................ 61
12.1.16 0x1E/1F MaxLoadCurrent() ................................................................................... 62
12.1.17 0x20/21 MaxLoadTimeToEmpty() ............................................................................ 62
12.1.18 0x22/23 AveragePower() ...................................................................................... 62
12.1.19 0x24/25 BTPDischargeSet()................................................................................... 62
12.1.20 0x26/27 BTPChargeSet() ...................................................................................... 62
12.1.21 0x28/29 InternalTemperature()................................................................................ 62
12.1.22 0x2A/2B CycleCount() ......................................................................................... 63
12.1.23 0x2C/2D RelativeStateOfCharge() ........................................................................... 63
12.1.24 0x2E/2F State-of-Health (SOH) .............................................................................. 63
12.1.25 0x30/31 ChargingVoltage() .................................................................................... 63
12.1.26 0x32/33 ChargingCurrent() .................................................................................... 63
12.1.27 0x3C/3D DesignCapacity() .................................................................................... 63
12.1.28 0x3E/3F AltManufacturerAccess() ............................................................................ 64
12.1.29 0x40/0x5F MACData() ......................................................................................... 64
12.1.30 0x60 MACDataChecksum() ................................................................................... 64
12.1.31 0x61 MACDataLength() ........................................................................................ 64
12.2 0x00, 0x01 AltManufacturerAccess() and 0x3E, 0x3F AltManufacturerAccess() .................................. 64
12.2.1 AltManufacturerAccess() 0x0001 Device Type ............................................................... 66
12.2.2 AltManufacturerAccess() 0x0002 Firmware Version ........................................................ 66
12.2.3 AltManufacturerAccess() 0x0003 Hardware Version ........................................................ 66
12.2.4 AltManufacturerAccess() 0x0004 Instruction Flash Signature ............................................. 67
12.2.5 AltManufacturerAccess() 0x0005 Static DF Signature ...................................................... 67
12.2.6 AltManufacturerAccess() 0x0006 Chemical ID ............................................................... 67
12.2.7 AltManufacturerAccess() 0x0007 Pre_MACWrite ............................................................ 67
12.2.8 AltManufacturerAccess() 0x0008 Static Chem DF Signature .............................................. 67
12.2.9 AltManufacturerAccess() 0x0009 All DF Signature .......................................................... 67
12.2.10 AltManufacturerAccess() 0x0010 SHUTDOWN Mode ..................................................... 68
12.2.11 AltManufacturerAccess() 0x0011 SLEEP Mode ............................................................ 68

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12.2.12 AltManufacturerAccess() 0x0012 Device Reset ............................................................ 68

12.2.13 AltManufacturerAccess() 0x001F CHG FET ................................................................ 68
12.2.14 AltManufacturerAccess() 0x0020 DSG FET ................................................................ 69
12.2.15 AltManufacturerAccess() 0x0021 Gauging .................................................................. 69
12.2.16 AltManufacturerAccess() 0x0022 FET Control .............................................................. 69
12.2.17 AltManufacturerAccess() 0x0023 Lifetime Data Collection................................................ 69
12.2.18 AltManufacturerAccess() 0x0024 Permanent Failure ...................................................... 69
12.2.19 AltManufacturerAccess() 0x0028 Lifetime Data Reset .................................................... 70
12.2.20 AltManufacturerAccess() 0x0029 Permanent Fail Data Reset ........................................... 70
12.2.21 AltManufacturerAccess() 0x002D CALIBRATION Mode ................................................. 70
12.2.22 AltManufacturerAccess() 0x0030 Seal Device .............................................................. 70
12.2.23 AltManufacturerAccess() 0x0035 Security Keys ............................................................ 70
12.2.24 AltManufacturerAccess() 0x0037 Authentication Key ...................................................... 71
12.2.25 AltManufacturerAccess() 0x0041 Device Reset ............................................................ 71
12.2.26 AltManufacturerAccess() 0x0050 SafetyAlert ............................................................... 71
12.2.27 AltManufacturerAccess() 0x0051 SafetyStatus ............................................................. 72
12.2.28 AltManufacturerAccess() 0x0052 PFAlert ................................................................... 74
12.2.29 AltManufacturerAccess() 0x0053 PFStatus ................................................................. 74
12.2.30 AltManufacturerAccess() 0x0054 OperationStatus ......................................................... 75
12.2.31 AltManufacturerAccess() 0x0055 ChargingStatus .......................................................... 77
12.2.32 AltManufacturerAccess() 0x0056 GaugingStatus .......................................................... 78
12.2.33 AltManufacturerAccess() 0x0057 ManufacturingStatus ................................................... 80
12.2.34 AltManufacturerAccess() 0x0058 AFE Register ............................................................ 81
12.2.35 AltManufacturerAccess() 0x0060 Lifetime Data Block 1................................................... 81
12.2.36 AltManufacturerAccess() 0x0070 ManufacturerInfo ........................................................ 81
12.2.37 AltManufacturerAccess() 0x0071 DAStatus1 ............................................................... 82
12.2.38 AltManufacturerAccess() 0x0072 DAStatus2 ............................................................... 82
12.2.39 AltManufacturerAccess() 0x0073 ITStatus1 ................................................................. 82
12.2.42 AltManufacturerAccess() 0x0076 CB Status ................................................................ 84
12.2.43 AltManufacturerAccess() 0x0077 State-of-Health .......................................................... 84
12.2.44 AltManufacturerAccess() 0x0F00 ROM Mode .............................................................. 84
12.2.45 Data Flash Access() 0x4000–0x5FFF ....................................................................... 84
12.2.46 AltManufacturerAccess() 0xF080 Exit Calibration Output Mode ......................................... 85
12.2.47 AltManufacturerAccess() 0xF081 Output CC and ADC for Calibration .................................. 85
12.2.48 AltManufacturerAccess() 0xF082 Output Shorted CC and ADC for Calibration........................ 86
13 Data Flash Values ............................................................................................................... 87
13.1 Data Formats ............................................................................................................... 87
13.1.1 Unsigned Integer ................................................................................................. 87
13.1.2 Integer ............................................................................................................. 87
13.1.3 Floating Point ..................................................................................................... 87
13.1.4 Hex ................................................................................................................. 88
13.1.5 String ............................................................................................................... 88
13.2 Calibration ................................................................................................................... 88
13.2.1 Voltage............................................................................................................. 88
13.2.2 Current ............................................................................................................. 88
13.2.3 Current Offset ..................................................................................................... 88
13.2.4 Current Deadband ............................................................................................... 89
13.2.5 Temperature ...................................................................................................... 89
13.2.6 Internal Temp Model ............................................................................................. 89
13.2.7 Cell Temp Model ................................................................................................. 89
13.3 Settings ...................................................................................................................... 90

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13.3.1 Configuration ...................................................................................................... 90

13.3.2 Charger ............................................................................................................ 92
13.3.3 Protection.......................................................................................................... 93
13.3.4 Permanent Failure ............................................................................................... 93
13.3.5 AFE ................................................................................................................ 94
13.3.6 Manufacturing ..................................................................................................... 94
13.4 Advanced Charging Algorithms .......................................................................................... 94
13.4.1 Temperature Ranges ............................................................................................ 94
13.4.2 Low Temp Charging ............................................................................................. 95
13.4.3 Standard Temp Charging ....................................................................................... 95
13.4.4 High Temp Charging ............................................................................................. 95
13.4.5 Rec Temp Charging ............................................................................................. 95
13.4.6 Pre-Charging ...................................................................................................... 96
13.4.7 Maintenance Charging .......................................................................................... 96
13.4.8 Voltage Range .................................................................................................... 96
13.4.9 Termination Config ............................................................................................... 96
13.4.10 Cell Balancing Config .......................................................................................... 96
13.5 Power ........................................................................................................................ 97
13.5.1 Power .............................................................................................................. 97
13.5.2 Shutdown .......................................................................................................... 97
13.5.3 Sleep ............................................................................................................... 97
13.5.4 Ship ................................................................................................................ 97
13.6 Gas Gauging ................................................................................................................ 98
13.6.1 Standby ............................................................................................................ 98
13.6.2 Max Load .......................................................................................................... 98
13.6.3 Current Thresholds............................................................................................... 98
13.6.4 Design ............................................................................................................. 98
13.6.5 Cycle ............................................................................................................... 98
13.6.6 FD .................................................................................................................. 99
13.6.7 FC .................................................................................................................. 99
13.6.8 TDA ................................................................................................................ 99
13.6.9 TCA ................................................................................................................ 99
13.6.10 State ............................................................................................................ 100
13.6.11 IT Config ........................................................................................................ 100
13.6.12 Condition Flag ................................................................................................. 102
13.6.13 SOH ............................................................................................................. 102
13.6.14 Max Error ....................................................................................................... 102
13.7 System Data ............................................................................................................... 102
13.7.1 Manufacturer Data .............................................................................................. 102
13.7.2 Integrity ........................................................................................................... 103
13.8 Configuration .............................................................................................................. 103
13.8.1 Data .............................................................................................................. 103
13.9 Lifetimes ................................................................................................................... 103
13.9.1 Voltage ........................................................................................................... 103
13.9.2 Current ........................................................................................................... 103
13.9.3 Temperature ..................................................................................................... 103
13.10 Protections ................................................................................................................ 104
13.10.1 CUV—Cell Undervoltage ..................................................................................... 104
13.10.2 COV—Cell Overvoltage ...................................................................................... 104
13.10.3 OCC—Overcurrent In Charge .............................................................................. 104
13.10.4 OCD—Overcurrent In Discharge ........................................................................... 104
13.10.5 AOLD—AFE Over Load In Discharge ..................................................................... 105
13.10.6 ASCC—AFE Short Circuit in Charge ...................................................................... 105

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13.10.7 ASCD—AFE Short Circuit in Discharge ................................................................... 105

13.10.8 OTC—Overtemperature in Charge ......................................................................... 105
13.10.9 OTD—Overtemperature in Discharge ...................................................................... 105
13.10.10 UTC—Under Temperature in Charge ..................................................................... 106
13.10.11 UTD—Under Temperature in Discharge ................................................................. 106
13.10.12 PTO—PRECHARGE Mode Time Out .................................................................... 106
13.10.13 CTO—FAST CHARGE Mode Time Out .................................................................. 106
13.11 Permanent Fail............................................................................................................ 106
13.11.1 SOV—Safety Cell Overvoltage .............................................................................. 106
13.11.2 VIMR—Voltage Imbalance at Rest ......................................................................... 107
13.11.3 VIMA—Voltage Imbalance Active ........................................................................... 107
13.12 PF Status .................................................................................................................. 107
13.12.1 Device Status .................................................................................................. 107
13.12.2 Device Voltage Data .......................................................................................... 109
13.12.3 Device Current Data .......................................................................................... 109
13.12.4 Device Temperature Data .................................................................................... 109
13.12.5 Device Gauging Data ......................................................................................... 109
13.12.6 AFE Registers ................................................................................................. 110
13.13 RA Table ................................................................................................................... 110
13.13.1 R_a0 ............................................................................................................ 110
13.13.2 R_a1 ............................................................................................................ 111
13.13.3 R_a0x ........................................................................................................... 111
13.13.4 R_a1x ........................................................................................................... 112
14 Data Flash Summary ......................................................................................................... 113
14.1 Data Flash Table .......................................................................................................... 113
A AFE Threshold and Delay Settings...................................................................................... 123
A.1 Overload in Discharge Protection (AOLD)............................................................................. 123
A.2 Short Circuit in Charge (ASCC) ......................................................................................... 124
A.3 Short Circuit in Discharge (ASCD1 and ASCD2) ..................................................................... 124
Revision History ........................................................................................................................ 126

Read This First
SLUUA65D – April 2014 – Revised January 2020
Preface
Read this First

This manual discusses the modules and peripherals of the BQ28Z610 device, and how each is used to
build a complete battery pack gas gauge and protection solution. For BQ28Z610 electrical specifications,
see the BQ28Z610 Impedance Track™ Gas Gauge and Protection Solution for 1-Series to 2-Series Cell
Li-Ion Battery Packs Data Sheet (SLUSAS3).
Notational Conventions
The following notation is used if SBS commands and data flash (DF) values are mentioned within a text
block:
• SBS commands: italics with parentheses and no breaking spaces; for example, RemainingCapacity()
• Data flash: italics, bold, and breaking spaces; for example, Design Capacity
• Register bits and flags: italics and brackets; for example, [TDA]
• Data flash bits: italics and bold; for example, [LED1]
• Modes and states: ALL CAPITALS; for example, UNSEALED
Trademarks
Impedance Track is a trademark of Texas Instruments.
All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners.
Glossary
TI Glossary — This glossary lists and explains terms, acronyms, and definitions.
8 Preface SLUUA65D – April 2014 – Revised January 2020

Chapter 1
Introduction
The BQ28Z610 device provides a feature-rich gas gauging solution for 1-series cell to 2-series cell
battery-pack applications. The device has extended capabilities, including:
• Fully Integrated 1-Series to 2-Series Cell Li-Ion or Li-Polymer Cell Battery Pack Manager and
Protection
• Next-Generation Patented Impedance Track™ Technology Accurately Measures Available Charge in
Li-Ion and Li-Polymer Batteries
• High Side N-CH Protection FET Drive
• Integrated Cell Balancing While Charging or at Rest
• Power Modes
– NORMAL Mode
– SLEEP Mode
– SHUTDOWN Mode
• Full Array of Programmable Protection Features
– Voltage
– Current
– Temperature
– Charge Timeout
– CHG/DSG FETs
– Cell Imbalance
– BROADCAST Mode (available with the latest BQ28Z610 firmware from TI.com)
• Sophisticated Charge Algorithms
– JEITA
– Enhanced Charging
– Adaptive Charging
– Cell Balancing
• Diagnostic Lifetime Data Monitor
• Supports Two-Wire I2C Interface
• Battery Trip Point (BTP) Interrupts
• SHA-1 Authentication
• Ultra-Compact Package: 12-Lead SON
SLUUA65D – April 2014 – Revised January 2020 Introduction 9

Chapter 2
Protections
2.1 Introduction
This chapter describes the gauge's recoverable protection. When the protection is triggered, charging
and/or discharging will be disabled. This is indicated by OperationStatus()[XDSG] = 1 when discharging is
disabled (DSG FET is turned OFF), and OperationStatus()[XCHG] = 1 when charging is disabled (the
CHG and PCHG FETs are turned OFF). Once the protection is recovered, charging and discharging
resumes. All protection items can be enabled or disabled under Settings:Enable Protections A and
Settings:Enable Protections B.
To protect the DSG FET body diode, the DSG FET will always be closed when Current() > Charge Detect
Current, including when OperationStatus()[XDSG] = 1. Likewise, to protect the CHG FET body diode, the
CHG FET will always be closed when Current() ≤ Discharge Detect Current, including when
OperationStatus()[XCHG] = 1.
2.2 Cell Undervoltage Protection

The device can detect undervoltage in batteries and protect cells from damage by preventing further
discharge.
Status Condition Action

SafetyAlert()[CUV] = 0
Normal Min cell voltages 1..2 > CUV:Threshold
BatteryStatus()[TDA] = 0
Alert Min cell voltages 1..2 ≤ CUV:Threshold
Min cell voltages 1..2 ≤ CUV:Threshold for SafetyStatus()[CUV] = 1
Trip
CUV:Delay duration BatteryStatus()[FD] = 1, [TDA] =0
OperationStatus()[XDSG] = 1
Condition 1:SafetyStatus()[CUV] = 1 AND
Min cell voltages 1..2 ≥ CUV:Recovery AND
Protection Configuration[CUV_RECOV_CHG] = 0
Condition 2: SafetyStatus()[CUV] = 1 AND SafetyStatus()[CUV] = 0
Recovery Min cell voltages 1..2 ≥ CUV:Recovery AND BatteryStatus()[FD] = 0, [TDA] = 0
Protection Configuration[CUV_RECOV_CHG] = 1 OperationStatus()[XDSG] = 1
AND
[CUV_RECOV_CHG] = 1 AND
Charging detected (that is, BatteryStatus[DSG] = 0)
2.3 Cell Overvoltage Protection

The device can detect cell overvoltage in batteries and protect cells from damage by preventing further
charging.
NOTE: The protection detection threshold may be influenced by the temperature settings of the
advanced charging algorithm and the measured temperature.
10 Protections SLUUA65D – April 2014 – Revised January 2020

www.ti.com Overcurrent in Charge Protection
Normal,
Max cell voltage 1..2 < COV:Threshold Low Temp
ChargingStatus()[UT] or [LT] = 1
Normal,
Max cell voltage 1..2 < COV:Threshold Standard Temp
ChargingStatus()[STL] or [STH] = 1
SafetyAlert()[COV] = 0
Normal,
Max cell voltage 1..2 < COV:Threshold Rec Temp
ChargingStatus()[RT] = 1
Normal,
Max cell voltage 1..2 < COV:Threshold High Temp
ChargingStatus()[HT] or [OT] = 1
Alert,
Max cell voltage 1..2 ≥ COV:Threshold Low Temp
ChargingStatus()[UT] or [LT] = 1
Alert,
Max cell voltage 1..2 ≥ COV:Threshold Standard Temp
ChargingStatus()[STL] or [STH] = 1 SafetyAlert()[COV] = 1
Alert, BatteryStatus()[TCA] = 1
Max cell voltage 1..2 ≥ COV:Threshold Rec Temp
Alert,
Max cell voltage 1..2 ≥ COV:Threshold High Temp
ChargingStatus()[HT] or [OT] = 1
Trip, Max cell voltage 1..2 ≥ COV:Threshold Low Temp for
ChargingStatus()[UT] or [LT] = 1 COV:Delay duration
Trip, Max cell voltage 1..2 ≥ COV:Threshold Standard Temp SafetyAlert()[COV] = 0
ChargingStatus()[STL] or [STH] = 1 for COV:Delay duration SafetyStatus()[COV] = 1
Trip, Max cell voltage 1..2 ≥ COV:Threshold Rec Temp for BatteryStatus()[TCA] = 1
COV:Delay duration OperationStatus()[XCHG] = 1
Trip, Max cell voltage 1..2 ≥ COV:Threshold High Temp for
ChargingStatus()[HT] or [OT] = 1 COV:Delay duration
Recovery, SafetyStatus()[COV] = 1 AND Max cell voltage 1..2 ≤
ChargingStatus()[UT] or [LT] = 1 COV:Recovery Low Temp
ChargingStatus()[STL] or [STH] = 1 COV:RecoveryStandard Temp SafetyStatus()[COV] = 0
BatteryStatus()[TCA] = 0
Recovery, SafetyStatus()[COV] = 1 AND Max cell voltage 1..2 ≤ OperationStatus()[XCHG] = 0
ChargingStatus()[RT] = 1 COV:Recovery Rec Temp
ChargingStatus()[HT] or [OT] = 1 COV:Recovery High Temp
2.4 Overcurrent in Charge Protection

To protect cells from damage due to unsafe charge currents, the device can detect overcurrent events and
disable the appropriate FET.

Normal Current() < OCC:Threshold SafetyAlert()[OCC] = 0
Alert Current() ≥ OCC:Threshold SafetyAlert()[OCC] = 1
SafetyAlert()[OCC1] = 0
SafetyStatus()[OCC] = 1
Trip Current() continuous ≥ OCC:Threshold for OCC:Delay duration
OperationStatus()[XCHG] = 1
[SafetyStatus()[OCC] = 1 AND SafetyStatus()[OCC] = 0
Recovery Current() continuous ≤ OCC:Recovery Threshold for OCC:Recovery BatteryStatus()[TCA] = 0
Delay time OperationStatus()[XCHG] = 0
SLUUA65D – April 2014 – Revised January 2020 Protections 11

Overcurrent in Discharge Protection www.ti.com
2.5 Overcurrent in Discharge Protection

To protect cells from damage due to unsafe load currents, the device can detect overcurrent events and
disable the appropriate FET.

Normal Current() > OCD:Threshold SafetyAlert()[OCD] = 0
Alert Current() ≤ OCD:Threshold SafetyAlert()[OCD] = 1
SafetyAlert()[OCD1] = 0
SafetyStatus()[OCD] = 1
Trip Current() continuous ≤ OCD:Threshold for OCD:Delay duration
[SafetyStatus()[OCD] = 1 AND SafetyStatus()[OCD] = 0
Recovery Current() continuous ≥ OCD:Recovery Threshold for OCD:Recovery BatteryStatus()[TDA] = 0
Delay time OperationStatus()[XDSG] = 0
2.6 Hardware-Based Protection

The BQ28Z610 device has three main hardware-based protections—AOLD, ASCC, and ASCD1,2—with
adjustable current and delay time. Setting AFE Protection Configuration[RSNS] divides the threshold
value in half. The Threshold settings are in mV; therefore, the actual current that triggers the protection is
based on the RSENSE used in the schematic design (see the BQ28Z610 1-Cell to 2-Series Cell Li-Ion
Battery Pack Manager Data Sheet [SLUSAS3]).
In addition, setting the AFE Protection Configuration[SCDDx2] bit provides an option to double all of the
SCD1,2 delay times for maximum flexibility towards the application's needs.
For details on how to configure the AFE hardware protection, refer to the tables in Appendix A.
All of the hardware-based protections provide a short term Trip/Recovery protection to account for a
current spike. The fault protection detects current spikes and after a delay time will turn OFF both FETs.
Then with a delay up to 250 ms, the non-appropriate FET associated with the fault condition will turn back
ON. The recovery method is a timer-based recovery set in Protections.
Generally, when a fault is detected after the Delay time, both CHG and DSG FETs will be disabled (Trip
stage). Since both FETs are off, the current will drop to 0 mA. After Recovery time, the CHG FET or DSG
FET will be turned on again (Recovery stage) based on the fault condition.
The Trip/Recovery are documented in each of the following hardware-based protection sections.
NOTE: There is no PRES pin on the BQ28Z610 device.
2.6.1 Overload in Discharge Protection

The device has a hardware-based overload in discharge protection with adjustable current and delay.

Normal Current() > (AOLD Threshold[3:0]/RSENSE) SafetyAlert()[AOLD] = 0
Current() continuous ≤ (AOLD Threshold[3:0]/RSENSE) for AOLD SafetyStatus()[AOLD] = 1
Trip
Threshold[7:4] duration OperationStatus()[XDSG] = 1
SafetyStatus()[AOLD] = 0
Recovery SafetyStatus()[AOLD] = 1 for OLD:Recovery time

www.ti.com Hardware-Based Protection
2.6.2 Short Circuit in Charge Protection

The device has a hardware-based short circuit in charge protection with adjustable current and delay.

Normal Current() > (ASCC Threshold[2:0]/RSENSE) SafetyAlert()[ASCC] = 0
SafetyStatus()[ASCC] = 1
Current() continuous ≤ (ASCC Threshold[2:0]/RSENSE) for ASCC
Trip BatteryStatus()[TCA] = 1
Threshold[7:4] duration
SafetyStatus()[ASCC] = 0
Recovery SafetyStatus()[ASCC] = 1 for SCC:Recovery time BatteryStatus()[TCA] = 1
2.6.3 Short Circuit in Discharge Protection

The device has a hardware-based short circuit in discharge protection with adjustable current and delay.

Current() > (ASCD1 Threshold[2:0]/RSENSE) AND
Normal SafetyAlert()[ASCD] = 0
Current() > (ASCD2 Threshold[2:0]/RSENSE)
Current() continuous ≤ (ASCD1 Threshold[2:0]/RSENSE) for
SCD1Threshold[7:4] duration OR SafetyStatus()[ASCD] = 1
Trip
Current() continuous ≤ (ASCD2 Threshold[2:0]/RSENSE) for OperationStatus()[XDSG] = 1
ASCD2Threshold[7:4] duration
SafetyStatus()[ASCD] = 0
Recovery SafetyStatus()[ASCD] = 1 for SCD:Recovery time
2.7 Temperature Protections

The device provides overtemperature and undertemperature protections based on Cell Temperature
measurement. The Cell Temperature based protections are further divided into a protection-in-charging
direction and discharging direction. This section describes in detail each of the protection functions.
For temperature reporting, the device supports a maximum of one external thermistors and one internal
temperature sensor. Unused temperature sensors must be disabled by clearing the corresponding flag in
Settings:Temperature Enable[TS1][TSInt].
The Settings:DA Configuration[CTEMP] allows users to use the maximal ([CTEMP] = 0) or the average
([CTEMP] = 1) of the source temperature sensors for Cell Temperature reporting.
The Temperature() command returns the Cell Temperature measurement. The MAC and extended
command DAStatus2() also returns the temperature measurement from the internal temperature sensor,
the external thermistors TS1, and the Cell Temperatures.
The Cell Temperature based overtemperature and undertemperature safety provide protections in charge
and discharge conditions. The battery pack is in CHARGE mode when BatteryStatus()[DSG] = 0, where
Current() > Chg Current Threshold. The overtemperature and undertemperature in charging protections
are active in this mode. The BatteryStatus()[DSG] is set to 1 in a NON-CHARGE mode condition, which
includes RELAX and DISCHARGE modes. The overtemperature and undertemperature in discharge
protections are active in these two modes. See Section 6.3 for detailed descriptions of the gas gauge
modes.
2.8 Overtemperature in Charge Protection

The device has an overtemperature protection for cells charging.

Normal Temperatures() < OTC:Threshold OR not charging SafetyAlert()[OTC] = 0
SafetyAlert()[OTC] = 1
Alert Temperatures() ≥ OTC:Threshold AND charging

Overtemperature in Discharge Protection www.ti.com

SafetyAlert()[OTC] = 0
SafetyStatus()[OTC] = 1
Temperatures() ≥ OTC:Threshold AND charging for OTC:Delay
Trip BatteryStatus()[OTA] = 1
duration
SafetyStatus()[OTC] = 0
SafetyStatus()[OTC] AND Cell Temperature in Temperatures() ≤ BatteryStatus()[OTA] = 0
Recovery
OTC:Recovery BatteryStatus()[TCA] = 0
2.9 Overtemperature in Discharge Protection

The device has an overtemperature protection for cells in DISCHARGE or RELAX state (that is, non-
charging state with BatteryStatus[DSG] = 1).

Normal Temperatures() < OTD:Threshold OR charging SafetyAlert()[OTD] = 0
Temperatures() ≥ OTD:Threshold AND not charging (that is, SafetyAlert()[OTD] = 1
Alert
BatteryStatus[DSG] = 1) BatteryStatus()[TDA] = 1
SafetyAlert()[OTD] = 0
SafetyStatus()[OTD] = 1
Cell Temperature in Temperatures() ≥ OTD:Threshold AND not
Trip BatteryStatus()[OTA] = 1
charging (that is, BatteryStatus[DSG] = 1) for OTD:Delay duration
SafetyStatus()[OTD] = 0
SafetyStatus()[OTD] AND Cell Temperature in Temperatures() ≤ BatteryStatus()[OTA] = 0
Recovery
OTD:Recovery OperationStatus()[XDSG] = 0
2.10 Undertemperature in Charge Protection

The device has an undertemperature protection for cells in charge direction.

Normal Temperatures() > UTC:Threshold OR not charging SafetyAlert()[UTC] = 0
Alert Temperatures() ≤ UTC:Threshold AND charging SafetyAlert()[UTC] = 1
SafetyAlert()[UTC] = 0
Temperatures() ≤ UTC:Threshold AND charging for UTC:Delay
Trip SafetyStatus()[UTC] = 1
duration
SafetyStatus()[UTC] = 0
Recovery SafetyStatus()[UTC] AND Temperatures() ≥ UTC:Recovery
2.11 Undertemperature in Discharge Protection

The device has an undertemperature protection for cells in DISCHARGE or RELAX state (that is, non-
charging state with BatteryStatus[DSG] = 1).

Normal Temperatures() > UTD:Threshold OR charging SafetyAlert()[UTD] = 0
Temperatures() ≤ UTD:Threshold AND not charging (that is,
Alert SafetyAlert()[UTD] = 1
BatteryStatus[DSG] = 1)
SafetyAlert()[UTD] = 0
Temperatures() ≤ UTD:Threshold AND not charging (that is,
Trip SafetyStatus()[UTD] = 1
BatteryStatus[DSG] = 1) for UTD:Delay duration
SafetyStatus()[UTD] = 0
Recovery SafetyStatus()[UTD] AND Temperatures() ≥ UTD:Recovery BatteryStatus()[OTA] = 0

www.ti.com Precharge Timeout Protection
2.12 Precharge Timeout Protection

The device can measure the precharge time and stop charging if it exceeds the adjustable period.

Current() > PTO:Charge Threshold AND Start PTO timer
Enable
ChargingStatus()[PV] = 1 SafetyAlert()[PTOS] = 0
Stop PTO timer
Suspend or Recovery Current() < PTO:Suspend Threshold
SafetyAlert()[PTOS] = 1
Stop PTO timer
Trip PTO timer > PTO:Delay SafetyStatus()[PTO] =1
Stop and reset PTO timer
SafetyAlert()[PTOS] = 0
SafetyStatus()[PTO] = 1 AND
Reset SafetyStatus()[PTO] = 0
(Discharge by an amount of PTO:Reset)
2.13 Fast Charge Timeout Protection

The device can measure the charge time, and stop charging if it exceeds the adjustable period.

Current() > CTO:Charge Threshold AND
(ChargingStatus()[LV] = 1 OR Start CTO timer
Enable
ChargingStatus()[MV] = 1 OR SafetyAlert()[CTOS] = 0
ChargingStatus()[HV] = 1)
Stop CTO timer
Suspend or Recovery Current() < CTO:Suspend Threshold
SafetyAlert()[CTOS] = 1
Stop CTO timer
SafetyStatus()[CTO] = 1
Trip CTO time > CTO:Delay
OperationStatus()[XCHG] =1
Stop and reset CTO timer
SafetyAlert()[CTOS] = 0
SafetyStatus()[CTO] = 1 AND
Reset SafetyStatus()[CTO] = 0
(Discharge by an amount of CTO:Reset)

Chapter 3
Permanent Fail
3.1 Introduction
The device can permanently disable the battery pack in the case of a severe failure, such as an error in
the instruction flash check (IFC) or in the data flash write (DFW). An IFC failure is set by the gauge if the
signature fails to pass verification at power-on reset. The DFW failure is set by the gauge if it is unable to
successfully program an update to the data flash (the read-back verification fails). When one of these
failure modes is detected, the following actions are taken in sequence:
1. Charge and discharge FETs are turned off.
2. OperationStatus()[PF] = 1
3. The following data is changed: BatteryStatus()[TCA] = 1, BatteryStatus()[TDA] = 1, ChargingCurrent()
= 0, and ChargingVoltage() = 0.
4. A backup of the internal AFE hardware registers are written to data flash: AFE Interrupt Status, AFE
FET Status, AFE RXIN, AFE Latch Status, AFE Interrupt Enable, AFE FET Control, AFE RXIEN,
AFE Cell Balance, AFE AD/CC Control, AFE ADC Mux, AFE State Control, Wake Control, AFE
Protection Control, AFE OCD, AFE SCC, AFE SCD1, and AFE SCD2.
5. The following values are preserved in data flash for failure analysis:
• SafetyAlert()
• SafetyStatus()
• OperationStatus()
• ChargingStatus()
• GaugingStatus()
• Voltages in DAStatus1()
• Current()
• TSINT, TS1, from DAStatus2()
• Cell DOD0 and passed charge
6. Data flash writing is disabled.
While the device is in this PERMANENT FAIL mode, any new SafetyAlert(), SafetyStatus() flags that are
set are added to the permanent fail log.
3.2 Safety Cell Overvoltage Permanent Fail

The device can permanently disable the battery in the case of severe overvoltage in any of the cells.

Normal All Cell voltages in DAStatus1() < SOV:Threshold PFAlert()[SOV] = 0
PFAlert()[SOV] = 1
Alert Any Cell voltages in DAStatus1() ≥ SOV:Threshold BatteryStatus()[TCA] = 1
BatteryStatus()[OCA] = 1
PFAlert()[SOV] = 0
PFStatus()[SOV] = 1
Any Cell voltages in DAStatus1() continuous ≥
Trip BatteryStatus()[OCA] = 1
SOV:Threshold for SOV:Delay duration
16 Permanent Fail SLUUA65D – April 2014 – Revised January 2020

www.ti.com Voltage Imbalance at Rest Permanent Fail
3.3 Voltage Imbalance at Rest Permanent Fail

The device can permanently disable the battery pack in case of a voltage difference between the cells in a
stack while at rest.

CellVoltage0..1() < VIMR:Check Voltage OR
Normal |Current()| > VIMR:Check Current OR PFAlert()[VIMR] = 0
Δ(CellVoltage0..1()) < VIMR:Delta Threshold
Any(CellVoltage0..1()) ≥ VIMR:Check Voltage AND
Alert |Current()| < VIMR:Check Current for VIMR:Duration AND PFAlert()[VIMR] = 1
Δ(CellVoltage0..1()) ≥ VIMR:Delta Threshold
Any(CellVoltage0..1()) ≥ VIMR:Check Voltage AND PFAlert()[VIMR] = 0
|Current()| < VIMR:Check Current for VIMR:Duration AND PFStatus()[VIMR] = 1
Trip
Δ(CellVoltage0..1()) ≥ VIMR:Delta Threshold for VIMR:Delta BatteryStatus()[TCA] = 1
Delay BatteryStatus()[TDA] = 1
3.4 Voltage Imbalance Active Permanent Fail

The device can permanently disable the battery pack in case of a voltage difference between the cells in a
stack while active.

CellVoltage0..13() < VIMA:Check Voltage OR
Normal |Current()| > VIMA:Check Current OR PFAlert()[VIMA] = 0
Δ(CellVoltage0..1()) < VIMA:Delta Threshold
Any(CellVoltage0..1()) ≥ VIMA:Check Voltage AND
Alert |Current()| < VIMA:Check Current for VIMA: Duration AND PFAlert()[VIMA] = 1
Δ(CellVoltage0..1()) ≥ VIMA:Delta Threshold
PFAlert()[VIMA] = 0
Any(CellVoltage0..1()) ≥ VIMA:Check Voltage AND
PFStatus()[VIMA] = 1
Trip |Current()| < VIMA:Check Current for VIMA: Duration AND
Δ(CellVoltage0..1()) ≥ VIMA:Delta Threshold for VIMA:Delay
3.5 Charge FET Permanent Failure
3.5.1 Description
The device will enter PERMANENT FAILURE mode in case the charge (CHG) FET is not working
properly.

Normal CHG FET off AND Current() < CFET:OFF Threshold PFAlert()[CFETF] = 0
Alert CHG FET off AND Current() ≥ CFET:OFF Threshold PFAlert()[CFETF] = 1
CHG FET off AND Current() continuously ≥ CFET:OFF PFAlert()[CFETF] = 0
Trip
Threshold for CFET:OFF Delay duration PFStatus()[CFETF] = 1
Table 3-1. CFET Data Flash Configuration

Default
Class Subclass Name Type Min Value Max Value Unit
Value
Permanent Fail CFET OFF Threshold I2 0 500 5 mA
Permanent Fail CFET Delay U1 0 255 5 s
SLUUA65D – April 2014 – Revised January 2020 Permanent Fail 17

Charge FET Permanent Failure www.ti.com
3.5.2 Feature Enable/Disable

The feature is enabled when CFETF is set in Enable PF C.
3.6 Discharge FET Permanent Failure
3.6.1 Description
The device will enter PERMANENT FAILURE mode in case the discharge (DSG) FET is not working
properly.

Normal DSG FET off AND Current() > DFET:OFF Threshold PFAlert()[DFETF] = 0
Alert DSG FET off AND Current() ≤ DFET:OFF Threshold PFAlert()[DFETF] = 1
DSG FET off AND Current() continuously ≤ DFET:OFF PFAlert()[DFETF] = 0
Trip
Threshold for DFET:OFF Delay duration PFStatus()[DFETF] = 1
Table 3-2. DFET Data Flash Configuration

Default
Class Subclass Name Type Min Value Max Value Unit
Value
Permanent
DFET OFF Threshold I2 –500 0 –5 mA
Fail
Permanent
DFET Delay U1 0 255 5 s
Fail
3.6.2 Feature Enable/Disable

The feature is enabled when DFETF is set in Enable PF C.
3.7 Instruction Flash (IF) Checksum Permanent Fail

The device can permanently disable the battery if it detects a difference between the stored IF checksum
and the calculated IF checksum only following a device reset.

Normal Stored and calculated IF checksum match —
PFStatus()[IFC] = 1
Trip Stored and calculated IF checksum after reset does not match. BatteryStatus()[TCA] = 1
3.8 Data Flash (DF) Permanent Fail

The device can permanently disable the battery in case a data flash write fails.
NOTE: A DF write failure causes the gauge to disable further DF writes.

Normal Data flash write ok —
PFStatus()[DFW] = 1
Trip Data flash write not successful BatteryStatus()[TCA] = 1
18 Permanent Fail SLUUA65D – April 2014 – Revised January 2020

Chapter 4
Advanced Charge Algorithm
4.1 Introduction
The device can change the values of ChargingVoltage() and ChargingCurrent() based on Temperature()
and Cell Voltage1..2(). Its flexible charging algorithm is JEITA-compatible and can also meet other specific
cell manufacturer charge requirements. The ChargingStatus() register shows the state of the charging
algorithm.
Cell Voltage
LT CCH STL CCH RT CCH STH CCH HT CCH
CVH
LT CCM STL CCM RT CCM STH CCM HT CCM
CVM
LT CCL STL CCL RT CCL STH CCL HT CCL
CVL
PCHG
CHG
SUSP CHG CHG
CHG NORMAL
CHG INHIBIT SUSP
INHIBIT
T1 T2 T5 T6 T3 T4
Temperature
4.2 Charge Temperature Ranges

The measured temperature is segmented into several temperature ranges. The charging algorithm adjusts
ChargingCurrent() and ChargingVoltage() according to the temperature range. The temperature ranges
set in data flash should adhere to the following format:
T1 ≤ T2 ≤ T5 ≤ T6 ≤ T3 ≤ T4
SLUUA65D – April 2014 – Revised January 2020 Advanced Charge Algorithm 19

Voltage Range www.ti.com
Under Temp Low Temp Standard Temp Low Recommended Temp Standard Temp High High Temp Over Temp
ChargingStatus() [ UT] =1 ChargingStatus() [ LT] =1 ChargingStatus() [ STL] =1 ChargingStatus() [ RT] =1 ChargingStatus() [STH] = 1 ChargingStatus() [ HT] =1 ChargingStatus() [OT] =1
Temperature() > T1 + Temperature() >T2 + Temperature() > T5 + Temperature() >T6 Temperature() >T3 Temperature() >T4
Hysteresis Temp Hysteresis Temp Hysteresis Temp
Temperature() < T1 Temperature() <T2 Temperature() <T 5 Temperature() <T6 ± Temperature() <T3 ± Temperature() <T4 ±
Hysteresis Temp Hysteresis Temp Hysteresis Temp
T1 T2 T5 T6 T3 T4 Temperature()
4.3 Voltage Range

The measured cell voltage is segmented into several voltage ranges. The charging algorithm adjusts
ChargingCurrent() according to the temperature range and voltage range. The voltage ranges set in data
flash should adhere to the following format:
Charging Voltage Low ≤ Charging Voltage Med ≤ Charging Voltage High ≤ × Temp Charging:Voltage
where x is Standard or Rec. Depending on the specific charging profile, the Low Temp Charging:Voltage
and High Temp Charging:Voltage settings do not necessarily have the highest setting values.
Cell Voltage
Not Charging
AND
Max Cell Voltage 1...2 < High Voltage State
Charging Voltage High – ChargingStatus()[HV] = 1
Charging Voltage Hysteresis
Charging Voltage
High
Max Cell Voltage 1...2 >

Charging Voltage High
Not Charging Medium Voltage State
AND ChargingStatus()[MV] = 1
Max Cell Voltage 1...2 <
Charging Voltage Medium –
Charging Voltage
Medium

Charging Voltage Medium
Low Voltage State

Not Charging ChargingStatus()[LV] = 1
AND
Max Cell Voltage 1...2 <
Charging Voltage Low –
Charging Voltage
Low

At any non-pre charge state, Charging Voltage Low Precharge State
If Min Cell Voltage < Precharge Start Voltage ChargingStatus()[PV] = 1
20 Advanced Charge Algorithm SLUUA65D – April 2014 – Revised January 2020

www.ti.com Charging Current
4.4 Charging Current

The ChargingCurrent() value changes depending on the detected temperature and voltage per the
charging algorithm.
The Charging Configuration[CRATE] flag provides an option to adjust the ChargingCurrent() based on
FullChargeCapacity()/DesignCapacity().
For example, with [CRATE] = 1, if FullChargeCapacity()/DesignCapacity() = 90% and Rec Temp
Charging: Current Med is active per the charging algorithm, the ChargeCurrent() = Rec Temp
Charging: Current Med × 90%.
NOTE: Table priority is top to bottom.
Temp
Voltage Range Condition Action
Range
Any Any OperationStatus()[XCHG] = 1 ChargingCurrent() = 0
UT or OT Any — ChargingCurrent() = 0
Any PV — ChargingCurrent() = Pre-Charging:Current
Any LV, MV, or HV ChargingStatus()[MCHG] = 1 ChargingCurrent() = Maintenance Charging:Current
LV — ChargingCurrent() = Low Temp Charging:Current Low
LT MV — ChargingCurrent() = Low Temp Charging:Current Med
HV — ChargingCurrent() = Low Temp Charging:Current High
LV — ChargingCurrent() = Standard Temp Charging:Current Low
STL or STH MV — ChargingCurrent() = Standard Temp Charging:Current Med
HV — ChargingCurrent() = Standard Temp Charging:Current High
LV — ChargingCurrent() = Rec Temp Charging:Current Low
RT MV — ChargingCurrent() = Rec Temp Charging:Current Med
HV — ChargingCurrent() = Rec Temp Charging:Current High
LV — ChargingCurrent() = High Temp Charging:Current Low
HT MV — ChargingCurrent() = High Temp Charging:Current Med
HV — ChargingCurrent() = High Temp Charging:Current High
4.5 Charging Voltage

The ChargingVoltage() changes depending on the detected temperature per the charge algorithm.
NOTE: Table priority is top to bottom.
Temp
Condition Action
Range
Any OperationStatus()[XCHG] = 1 ChargingVoltage() = 0
UT or OT — ChargingVoltage() = 0
ChargingVoltage() = Low Temp Charging:Voltage × (DA
LT —
Configuration[CC1:CC0] + 1)
ChargingVoltage() = Standard Temp Charging:Voltage × (DA
STL or STH —
ChargingVoltage() = Rec Temp Charging:Voltage × (DA
RT —
ChargingVoltage() = High Temp Charging:Voltage × (DA
HT —

Valid Charge Termination www.ti.com
4.6 Valid Charge Termination

The charge termination condition must be met to enable valid charge termination. The device has the
following actions at charge termination, based on the flags settings:
• If FET Options[CHGFET] = 1 and GaugingStatus()[TC] = 1, CHG FET turns off.
• If Gauging Configuration[CSYNC] = 1, RemainingCapacity() = FullChargeCapacity().
• If Gauging Configuration[RSOCL] = 1, RelativeStateOfCharge() and RemainingCapacity() are held at
99% until charge termination occurs. Only on entering charge termination is 100% displayed.
• If Gauging Configuration[RSOCL] = 0, RelativeStateOfCharge() and RemainingCapacity() are not
held at 99% until charge termination occurs. Fractions of % greater than 99% are rounded up to
display 100%.

GaugingStatus()[REST] = 0 AND
Charging Charge Algorithm active
GaugingStatus()[DSG] = 0
All of the following conditions must occur for two ChargingStatus()[VCT] = 1
consecutive 40-s periods: ChargingStatus()[MCHG] = 1
Charging (that is, BatteryStatus[DSG] = 0) AND ChargingVoltage() = Charging Algorithm
Valid Charge AverageCurrent() < Charge Term Taper Current ChargingCurrent() = Charging Algorithm
Termination AND BatteryStatus()[FC] = 1 and GaugingStatus()[FC] = 1 if
Max (CellVoltage2...1) + Charge Term Voltage ≥ SOCFlagConfig A[FCSETVCT] = 1
ChargingVoltage()/number of cells in series AND BatteryStatus()[TCA] = 1 and GaugingStatus()[TCA] = 1 if
The accumulated change in capacity > 0.25 mAh SOCFlagConfig B[TCASETVCT] = 1
4.7 Charge and Discharge Alarms

The [TC] and [FC] bits in GaugingStatus() can be set at charge termination and based on RSOC or cell
voltages. If multiple set and clear conditions are selected, then the corresponding flag is set whenever a
valid set or clear condition is met. If the set and clear conditions are true at the same time, the flag will
clear. The same functionality is applied to the [TD] and [FD] bits in GaugingStatus().
NOTE: GaugingStatus[TC][TD][FC][FD] are the status flags based on the gauging conditions only.
These flags are set and cleared based on SOCFlagConfigA and SOCFlagConfigB.
The BatteryStatus[TCA][TDA][FC][FD] flags will be set and cleared according to the
GaugingStatus[TC][TD][FC][FD] flags, as well as the safety and permanent failure
protections status.
The table below summarizes the options to set and clear the [TC] and [FC] flags in GaugingStatus().
Flag Set Criteria Set Condition Enable

Max cell voltage1..2 ≥ TC: Set Voltage
Cell Voltage SOCFlagConfigA[TCSetV] = 1
Threshold
RelativeStateOfCharge() > = TC: Set %
[TC] RSOC SOCFlagConfigA[TCSetRSOC] = 1
RSOC Threshold
Valid Charge Termination
When ChargingStatus[VCT] = 1 SOCFlagConfigA[TCSetVCT] = 1
(enable by default)
Max cell voltage1..2 ≥ FC: Set Voltage
Cell Voltage SOCFlagConfigB[FCSetV] = 1
Threshold
RelativeStateOfCharge() > = FC: Set %
[FC] RSOC SOCFlagConfigB[FCSetRSOC] = 1
RSOC Threshold
Valid Charge Termination
When ChargingStatus[VCT] = 1 SOCFlagConfigA[FCSetVCT] = 1
(enable by default)

www.ti.com Terminate Charge and Discharge Alarms
Flag Clear Criteria Clear Condition Enable
Max cell voltage1..2 ≤ TC: Clear Voltage
Cell Voltage SOCFlagConfigA[TCClearV] = 1
Threshold
[TC]
RelativeStateOfCharge() ≤ TC: Clear %
RSOC (enable by default) SOCFlagConfigA[TCClearRSOC] = 1
RSOC Threshold
Max cell voltage1..2 ≤ FC: Clear Voltage
Cell Voltage SOCFlagConfigB[FCClearV] = 1
Threshold
[FC]
RelativeStateOfCharge() ≤ FC: Clear %
RSOC (enable by default) SOCFlagConfigB[FCClearRSOC] = 1
RSOC Threshold
The tables below summarize the various options to set and clear the [TD] and [FD] flags in both
BatteryStatus() and GaugingStatus().
Flag Set Criteria Set Condition Enable

Max cell voltage1..2 ≤ TD: Set Voltage
Cell Voltage SOCFlagConfigA[TDSetV] = 1
Threshold
[TD]
RelativeStateOfCharge() < = TD: Set %
RSOC (enable by default) SOCFlagConfigA[TDSetRSOC] = 1
RSOC Threshold
Max cell voltage1..2 ≤ FD: Set Voltage
Cell Voltage SOCFlagConfigB[FDSetV] = 1
Threshold
[FD]
RelativeStateOfCharge() ≤ FD: Set %
RSOC (enable by default) SOCFlagConfigB[FDSetRSOC] = 1
RSOC Threshold
Flag Clear Criteria Clear Condition Enable

Max cell voltage1..2 ≥ TD: Clear Voltage
Cell Voltage SOCFlagConfigA[TDClearV] = 1
Threshold
[TD]
RelativeStateOfCharge() ≥ TD: Clear %
RSOC (enable by default) SOCFlagConfigA[TDClearRSOC] = 1
RSOC Threshold
Max cell voltage1..2 ≥ FD: Clear Voltage
Cell Voltage SOCFlagConfigB[FDClearV] = 1
Threshold
[FD]
RelativeStateOfCharge() ≥ FD: Clear %
RSOC (enable by default) SOCFlagConfigB[FDClearRSOC] = 1
RSOC Threshold
4.8 Terminate Charge and Discharge Alarms

When the protections are triggered, the BatteryStatus()[TCA][TDA][FD][OCA][OTA] flags are set according
to gauging status and safety protections. The following is a summary of the set conditions and their
various alarm flags:
[TCA] = 1
• SafetyAlert()[OCC], [COV], [OTC] = 1 OR
• GaugingStatus()[TC] = 1 AND in CHARGE mode
[OCA] = 1 if
• SafetyStatus()[OC] = 1 AND in CHARGE mode
[TDA] = 1
• SafetyAlert()[OCD], [COV], [OTC] = 1 OR
• GaugingStatus()[TD] = 1 AND in DISCHARGE mode
[FD] = 1 if
• GaugingStatus()[FD] = 1
[OTA] = 1 if
• SafetyStatus()[OTC], [OTD] = 1

Precharge www.ti.com
4.9 Precharge
The device enters PRECHARGE mode if any cell voltage goes below Charging Voltage Low. The
external CHG FET can be used in PRECHARGE mode. Setting the Pre-Charging: Current = 0 mA
disables the precharge function by requesting 0 mA charging current from the charger. The [PCHG] = 1.
CHG FET is used in PRECHARGE mode.
The device also supports 0-V charging. It enables the hardware 0-V charging circuit automatically when
the battery stack voltage is below the minimum operation voltage of the device. See the BQ28Z610 1-Cell
to 2-Series Cell Li-Ion Battery Pack Manager Data Sheet (SLUSAS3) for BQ28Z610 electrical
specifications.
4.10 Maintenance Charge

Maintenance charge [MCHG] can allow charge after termination has been reached. This is only possible if
the GaugingStatus()[TC] flag is not set. This means to use maintenance charge. [TCSETSOC] should not
be enabled, and instead [TCSETV] can be used to stop maintenance charge based on voltage. Also,
[CHGFET] should be disabled so that, on detection of a valid primary termination, the charge FET does
not open.

ChargingStatus()[IN] = 0 AND
ChargingStatus()[MCHG] = 1
ChargingStatus()[SU] = 0 AND
Set ChargingVoltage() = Charging Algorithm
ChargingStatus()[PV] = 0 AND
ChargingCurrent() = Charging Algorithm
GaugingStatus()[TCA] = 1
ChargingStatus()[IN] = 1 OR
ChargingStatus()[MCHG] = 0
ChargingStatus()[SU] = 1 OR
Clear ChargingVoltage() = Charging Algorithm
ChargingStatus()[PV] = 1 OR
ChargingCurrent() = Charging Algorithm
GaugingStatus()[TCA] = 0
4.11 BROADCAST Mode
NOTE: BROADCAST mode is available in the latest firmware version in the BQ28Z610 product
folder on TI.com. BROADCAST mode is not included in the shipped version.
The BQ28Z610 gauge enables a smart battery to become the I2C master to broadcast the charging
voltage and current to a smart battery charger. This allows the charger and gauge to operate
autonomously to adjust the charging conditions dynamically without requiring the host or system to be
booted or active. For more information, see Charger.
The [BCAST] bit enables all broadcasts to a host or a smart charger. When the [BCAST] bit is enabled,
the following broadcasts are sent:
• ChargingVoltage() and ChargingCurrent() broadcasts are sent to the smart-charger Device Address,
and the broadcast period is set in Broadcast Pacing. The target registers accessed for writing
ChargingVoltage() and ChargingCurrent() values to the charger device are configured in the data flash
registerVoltage Register and the data flash register Current Register, respectively.
4.12 Charge Disable and Discharge Disable

The BQ28Z610 device can disable charging if certain safety conditions are detected, setting the
OperationStatus()[XCHG] = 0.

SafetyStatus()[COV] = 0 AND
SafetyStatus()[OCC] = 0,0 AND SafetyStatus()[ASCC] = 0 AND ChargingVoltage() = Charging Algorithm
Normal AND SafetyStatus()[CTO] = 0 AND ChargingCurrent() = Charging Algorithm
SafetyStatus()[PTO] = 0 AND OperationStatus()[XCHG] = 0
GaugingStatus()[TCA] = 0 if Charging Configuration[CHGFET] = 1

www.ti.com Charge Inhibit
ManufacturingStatus()[FET_EN] = 0 OR
SafetyStatus()[COV] = 1 OR
SafetyStatus()[OCC] = 1 OR
SafetyStatus()[ASCC] = 1 OR
SafetyStatus()[CTO] = 1 OR
SafetyStatus()[PTO] = 1 OR ChargingVoltage() = 0
Trip SafetyStatus()[OC] = 1 OR ChargingCurrent() = 0
SafetyStatus()[UTC] = 1 OR OperationStatus()[XCHG] = 1
SafetyStatus()[OTC] = 1 if
ChargingStatus()[IN] = 1 if [CHGIN] = 1 OR
ChargingStatus()[SU] = 1 if [CHGSU] = 1 OR
OperationStatus()[SLEEP] = 1 if AND [SLEEPCHG] = 0 OR
GaugingStatus()[TCA] = 1 if Charging Configuration[CHGFET] = 1
Similarly, the device can disable discharge of certain safety conditions if any of the following conditions
are detected, setting the OperationStatus()[XDSG] = 1:
• ManufacturingStatus()[FET_EN] = 0 OR
• Any PFStatus() set OR
• SafetyStatus()[OCD] or [CUV] or [AOLD] or [ASCD] or [UTD] = 1 OR
• SafetyStatus()[OTD] = 1 OR
• OperationStatus()[SDM] = 1 AND delay time > FET Off Time OR
• OperationStatus()[SDV] = 1 AND low voltage time ≥ Shutdown Time.
4.13 Charge Inhibit

The BQ28Z610 device can inhibit the start of charging at high and low temperatures to prevent damage of
the cells. This feature prevents the start of charging when the temperature is at the inhibit range;
therefore, if the device is already in the charging state when the temperature reaches the inhibit range, the
inhibit state will not be detected and there will be no FET action until charging stops. Instead, the charge
suspend feature must be used to stop active charge due to temperature.

ChargingStatus()[LT] = 1 OR
ChargingStatus()[IN] = 0
ChargingStatus()[STL] = 1 OR
Normal ChargingVoltage() = charging algorithm
ChargingStatus()[RT] = 1 OR
ChargingCurrent() = charging algorithm
ChargingStatus()[STH] = 1
ChargingStatus()[IN] = 1
Not charging AND (ChargingStatus()[HT] = 1
ChargingStatus()[SU] = 0
OR
Trip ChargingVoltage() = 0
ChargingStatus()[OT] = 1) OR
ChargingCurrent() = 0
ChargingStatus()[UT] = 1
ChargingCurrent()[XCHG = 1 if FET Options[CHGIN] = 1
4.14 Charge Suspend

The device can stop charging at high and low temperatures to prevent damage of the cells. The charge
suspend feature is mutually exclusive with the charge inhibit, so if charge inhibit is set after the device
exits charging, then the charge suspend status will be cleared.

ChargingStatus()[LT] = 1 OR
ChargingStatus()[STL] = 1 OR
ChargingStatus()[RT] = 1 OR
Normal ChargingVoltage() = charging algorithm
ChargingStatus[STH] = 1 OR
ChargingCurrent() = charging algorithm
ChargingStatus()[HT] = 1 OR
ChargingStatus[IN] = 1
ChargingStatus()[UT] = 1 OR ChargingVoltage() = 0
Trip
ChargingStatus()[OT] = 1 ChargingCurrent() = 0
No charging is allowed if FET Options[CHGSU] = 1.

Chapter 5
Power Modes
5.1 Introduction
To enhance battery life, the BQ28Z610 supports several power modes to minimize power consumption
during operation.
5.2 NORMAL Mode

In NORMAL mode, the device takes voltage, current, and temperature readings every 250 ms, performs
protection and gauging calculations, updates data, and makes status selections at 1-s intervals. Between
these periods of activity, the device is in a reduced power state.
5.3 SLEEP Mode
5.3.1 Device Sleep

When the sleep conditions are met, the device goes into SLEEP mode with periodic wake-ups to reduce
power consumption. The device returns to NORMAL mode if any exit sleep condition is met.

If [IN_SYSTEM_SLEEP] = 0 OR
No communication for Bus Timeout if
Turn off CHG FET if DA Configuration[SLEEPCHG] = 0.
[IN_SYSTEM_SLEEP] = 1 AND
The device goes to sleep.
DA Config[SLEEP] = 1 (1) AND
The device wakes up every Sleep:Voltage Time period to
Activate |Current()| ≤ Sleep Current AND
measure voltage and temperature.
Voltage Time > 0 AND
Device wakes up every Sleep:Current Time period to
OperationStatus()[SDM] = 0 AND
measure current.
No SafetyAlert() bits set AND (2)
No [AOLD], [ASCC], [ASCD], set in SafetyStatus()
I2C connected (1) OR
I2C bus activity (3) OR
DA Config[SLEEP] = 0 (1) OR
|Current()| > Sleep Current OR
Exit Wake comparator activates (4) OR Return to NORMAL mode
Voltage Time = 0 OR
OperationStatus()[SDM] = 1 OR
SafetyAlert() bits set OR
[AOLD], [ASCC], [ASCD], set in SafetyStatus()
(1)
DA Config[SLEEP] and I2C low are not checked if the AltManufacturerAccess() SLEEP mode command is used to enter SLEEP
mode.
(2)
SafetyAlert()[PTO], [PTOS], [CTO], [CTOS] will not prevent the gauge to enter SLEEP mode.
(3)
Wake on I2C command is only possible when the gas gauge is put to sleep using the AltManufacturerAccess() SLEEP mode
command or [IN_SYSTEM_SLEEP] is enabled with Bus Timeout = 0. Otherwise, the gas gauge wakes on an I2C connection
(clock or data high).
(4)
The wake comparator threshold is set through Power.WakeComparator[WK1,WK0] (see Section 5.3.4).
5.3.2 IN SYSTEM SLEEP Mode

IN SYSTEM SLEEP mode is useful for systems with embedded battery packs where the serial
communication lines typically remain high in sleep scenarios. Setting DA Config[IN_SYS_SLEEP] = 1 will
modify the SLEEP exit conditions such that SMBus connection alone will not trigger wake, and instead
receiving a valid SMBus command is required. All other characteristics remain unchanged and the same
SLEEP mode entry criteria apply.
26 Power Modes SLUUA65D – April 2014 – Revised January 2020

www.ti.com SLEEP Mode
5.3.3 AltManufacturerAccess() MAC Sleep

The sleep MAC command can override the requirement for bus low to enter SLEEP mode. In this case,
the part clock and data high condition is ignored for SLEEP to exit, though SLEEP will also exit if there is
any further communication. The BQ28Z610 device can be sent to sleep with AltManufacturerAccess() if
specific sleep entry conditions are met.
5.3.4 Wake Function

The BQ28Z610 device can exit SLEEP mode if enabled by the presence of a voltage across SRP and
SRN. The voltage threshold needed for the device to wake from SLEEP mode is programmed in
Power:Wake Comparator.
Reserved (Bits 7–4, 1–0): Reserved. Do not use.

WK1,0 (Bits 3–2): Wake Comparator Threshold
WK1 WK0 Voltage

0 0 ±0.625 mV
0 1 ±1.25 mV
1 0 ±2.5 mV
1 1 ±5 mV
5.4 SHUTDOWN Mode
5.4.1 Voltage Based Shutdown

To minimize power consumption and avoid draining the battery, the device can be configured to shut
down at a programmable stack voltage threshold.

Enable Min cell voltage < Shutdown Voltage OperationStatus()[SDV] = 1
Min cell voltage continuous < Shutdown Voltage for
Trip Turn DSG FET off
Shutdown Time
Voltage at PACK terminal < Charger Present Threshold AND
Shutdown Send device into SHUTDOWN mode
Current() ≤ 0
Voltage at PACK terminal > VSTARTUP OR Min cell voltage > OperationStatus()[SDV] = 0
Exit
Shutdown Voltage if not in SHUTDOWN mode Return to NORMAL mode
NOTE: The device goes through a full reset when exiting from SHUTDOWN mode, which means the
device will reinitialize. On power up, the gauge checks certain special memory locations. If
the memory checksum is incorrect, or if either the gauge of the AFE watchdog has been
triggered, the gauge will do a full reset.
If the memory checksum is good, for example in the case of a short power glitch, the gauge
will do a partial reset. The initialization is faster in partial reset, and certain memory data will
not be reinitialized (for example, all SBS registers, last known FET state, last ADC and CC
readings, and so on) and so a partial reset is usually transparent to the host.
SLUUA65D – April 2014 – Revised January 2020 Power Modes 27

SHUTDOWN Mode www.ti.com
5.4.2 AltManufacturerAccess() MAC Shutdown

In SHUTDOWN mode, the device turns off the CHG and DSG FETs after FET Off Time, and then shuts
down to minimize power consumption after Delay time. Both FET Off Time and Delay time are referenced
to the time the gauge received the command. Thus, the Delay time must be set longer than the FET Off
Time. The device returns to NORMAL mode when the voltage at PACK terminal > VStartup–. The device can
be sent to this mode with the AltManufacturerAccess()Shutdown command. Charger voltage must not be
present for the device to enter SHIP SHUTDOWN mode. If there is charger voltage present or charge
current is flowing, the device will wait until the charger is removed to enter the SHUTDOWN state. This is
to prevent the device from unintended, immediate wake-up. The Shutdown() command cannot be
canceled.
NOTE: If the gauge is unsealed and the MAC Shutdown() command is sent twice in a row, the
gauge will execute the shutdown sequence immediately and skip the normal delay
sequence.
5.4.3 Time Based Shutdown

The device can be configured to shut down after staying in SLEEP mode without communication for a
preset time interval specified in the Auto Ship Time. Setting the PowerConfig[AUTO_SHIP_EN] = 1
enables this feature. Any communication to the device will restart the timer. When the timer reaches the
Auto Ship Time, the time-based shutdown effectively triggers the MAC shutdown command to start the
shutdown sequence. The device returns to NORMAL mode when voltage at PACK terminal > VStartup–.
5.4.4 Emergency FET Shutdown

The Emergency FET Shutdown function provides an option to disable the battery power to the system by
opening up the CHG and DSG FETs before removing an embedded battery pack. The EMERGENCY FET
SHUTDOWN state is enabled by setting DA Configuration[EMSHUTEN] = 1. It is entered by sending a
Manual FET Control (MFC) sequence to ManufacturerAccess().
When the gauge is in the EMERGENCY FET SHUTDOWN state, the OperationStatus()[EMSHUT] = 1.
The manual FET control (MFC) sequence to put the gauge into the EMERGENCY FET SHUTDOWN state
is described below.
a. Send word 0x270C to ManufacturerAccess() (0x00) to enable the MFC.
b. Within 4 s, send word 0x043D to ManufacturerAccess() (0x00) to turn off CHG and DSG FETs.
c. The CHG and DSG FETs will be turned off.
5.4.4.1 Exiting Emergency FET Shutdown

The gauge can exit the EMSHUT mode by turning on the CHG and DSG FETs with any one of the
following conditions:
• Send word 0x23A7 to ManufacturerAccess() (0x00).
• Voltage at Pack pin > Charger Present Threshold for two sample periods (that is, ~500 ms)
• Valid I2C bus communication is received. Valid I2C bus communication means a valid gauge address
and any command is received (that is, an invalid command with a valid address is OK).
In EMSHUT mode, to detect the voltage level at the Pack pin quickly (even while in SLEEP), the AD
conversion occurs every second.
28 Power Modes SLUUA65D – April 2014 – Revised January 2020

Chapter 6
Gauging
6.1 Introduction
The BQ28Z610 measures individual cell voltages, pack voltage, temperature, and current. It determines
battery state-of-charge by analyzing individual cell voltages when a time exceeding 10 minutes has
passed since the last charge or discharge activity of the battery.
The BQ28Z610 measures charge and discharge activity by monitoring the stable voltage across a small-
value series sense resistor (1 mΩ typ.) between the negative terminal of the cell stack and the negative
terminal of the battery pack. The battery state-of-charge is subsequently adjusted during load or charger
application using the integrated charge passed through the battery. The device is capable of supporting a
maximum battery pack capacity of 32 Ah. See the "Theory and Implementation of Impedance Track
Battery Fuel-Gauging Algorithm" in the bq20zxx Product Family Application Report (SLUA364) for further
details.
The default for Impedance Track gauging is off. To enable the gauging function, set Manufacturing
Status[GAUGE_EN] = 1. The gauging function will be enabled after a reset or a seal command is set.
Alternatively, the MAC command Gauging() can be used to turn on and off the gauging function.
Gauging() takes an immediate effect and the [GAUGE_EN] is also updated accordingly.
The ITStatus1(), ITStatus2(), and ITStatus3() commands return various gauging related information, which
is useful for problem analysis.
6.2 Impedance Track Configuration

Load Mode — During normal operation, the battery-impedance profile compensation of the Impedance
Track algorithm can provide more accurate full-charge and remaining state-of-charge information if
the typical load type is known. The two selectable options are constant current (Load Mode = 0)
and constant power (Load Mode = 1).
Load Select — To compensate for the I × R drop near the end of discharge, the BQ28Z610 must be
configured for whatever current (or power) will flow in the future. While it cannot be exactly known,
the BQ28Z610 can use load history, such as the average current of the present discharge to make
a sufficiently accurate prediction.
The BQ28Z610 can be configured to use several methods of this prediction by setting the Load
Select value. Because this estimate has only a second-order effect on remaining capacity
accuracy, different measurement-based methods (methods 0 to 3, and method 7) result in only
minor differences in accuracy. However, methods 4–6, where an estimate is arbitrarily assigned by
the user, can result in a significant error if a fixed estimate is far from the actual load. For highly
variable loads, selection 7 provides the most balanced estimate and is preferable.
Constant Current (Load Mode = 0) Constant Power (Load Mode = 1)

0 = Avg I Last Run Avg P Last Run
1 = Present average discharge current Present average discharge power
2 = Current() Current() × Voltage()
3 = AverageCurrent() AverageCurrent() × average Voltage()
4 = Design Capacity/5 Design Energy/5
5 = AtRate() (mA) AtRate() (10 mW)
6 = User Rate-mA User Rate-mW
7 = Max Avg I (default) Max Avg P
SLUUA65D – April 2014 – Revised January 2020 Gauging 29

Gas Gauge Modes www.ti.com
Pulsed Load Compensation and Termination Voltage — To take into account pulsed loads while
calculating remaining capacity until Term Voltage threshold is reached, the BQ28Z610 monitors
not only average load but also short load spikes. The maximum voltage deviation during a load
spike is continuously updated during discharge and stored in Delta Voltage, with the minimum
value allowed set in Min Delta Voltage.
Reserve Battery Capacity — The BQ28Z610 allows an amount of capacity to be reserved in both mAh
(Reserve Cap-mAh) and cWh (Reserve Cap-cWh) units between the point where the
RemainingCapacity() function reports zero capacity and the absolute minimum pack voltage, Term
Voltage. This enables a system to report zero capacity/energy, but still have enough reserve
capacity/energy to perform a controlled shutdown or provide an extended sleep period for the host
system.
Pack Based AND Cell Based Termination Voltage — The BQ28Z610 device forces
RemainingCapacity() to 0 mAh when the battery stack voltage reaches Term Voltage. If
Impedance Track GaugingConfiguration[CELL_TERM] = 1, the cell-based termination is used,
and the Term Min Cell V threshold is checked for a termination condition. The cell-based
termination provides an option to enable the gauge to reach 0 mAh before the device triggers CUV,
especially for an imbalanced pack.
6.3 Gas Gauge Modes

Resistance updates take place only in DISCHARGE mode, while OCV and QMax updates only take place
in RELAX mode. Entry and exit of each mode is controlled by data flash parameters in the subclass Gas
Gauging: Current Thresholds section. When the device is determined to be in RELAX mode and OCV is
taken, the GaugingStatus[REST] flag is set. In RELAX mode or DISCHARGE mode, the DSG flag in
BatteryStatus is set.
30 Gauging SLUUA65D – April 2014 – Revised January 2020

www.ti.com

Current <(–) Dsg Current Threshold
CHARGE Mode Current < Quit Current for Chg Relax Time period RELAX Mode Current < (–) Dsg Current Threshold DISCHARGE Mode
OCV update Cell Impedance update
Qmax update [DSG]
[DSG]
Current > (–) Quit Current for

Current > Chg Current Threshold
Dsg Relax Time period
Current > Chg Current Threshold

Figure 6-1. Gas Gauge Operating Modes
Gauging
Gas Gauge Modes
31
QMax and Ra www.ti.com
CHARGE mode is exited and RELAX mode is entered when Current goes below Quit Current for a
period of Chg Relax Time. DISCHARGE mode is entered when Current goes below (–)Dsg Current
Threshold. DISCHARGE mode is exited and RELAX mode is entered when Current goes above (–)Quit
Current threshold for a period of Dsg Relax Time. CHARGE mode is entered when Current goes above
Chg Current Threshold.
Figure 6-2. Gas Gauge Operating Mode Example
6.4 QMax and Ra

The total battery capacity is found by comparing states of charge before and after applying the load with
the amount of charge passed. When an applications load is applied, the impedance of each cell is
measured by comparing the open circuit voltage (OCV) obtained from a predefined function for present
state-of-charge with the measured voltage under load.
Measurements of OCV and charge integration determine chemical state-of-charge (SOC) and Chemical
Capacity (QMax).
The BQ28Z610 acquires and updates the battery-impedance profile during normal battery usage. It uses
this profile, along with state-of-charge and the QMax values, to determine FullChargeCapacity and
RelativeStateOfCharge specifically for the present load and temperature. FullChargeCapacity reports a
capacity or energy available from a fully charged battery reduced by Reserve Cap-mAh or Reserve Cap-
cWh under the present load and present temperature until Voltage reaches the Term Voltage for a period
of Term V Hold Time.

www.ti.com QMax and Ra
6.4.1 QMax Initial Values

The initial QMax Pack, QMax Cell 0, and QMax Cell 1 values should be taken from the cell
manufacturers' data sheet multiplied by the number of parallel cells, and are also used for the
DesignCapacity function value in the Design Capacity data flash value.
See the "Theory and Implementation of Impedance Track Battery Fuel-Gauging Algorithm" in the bq20zxx
Product Family Application Report (SLUA364) for further details.
6.4.2 QMax Update Conditions

QMax update is enabled when gauging is enabled. This is indicated by the GaugingStatus[QEN] flag. The
BQ28Z610 updates the no-load full capacity (QMax) when two open circuit voltage (OCV) readings are
taken. These OCV readings are taken when the battery is in a RELAXED state before and after charge or
discharge activity. A RELAXED state is achieved if the battery voltage has a dV/dt of < 4 µV/s. Typically it
takes 2 hours in a CHARGED state and 5 hours in a DISCHARGED state to ensure that the dV/dt
condition is satisfied. If 5 hours are exceeded, a reading is taken even if the dV/dt condition was not
satisfied. The GaugingStatus[REST] flag is set when a valid OCV reading occurs. If a valid DOD0 (taken
at a previous QMax update) is available, then QMax will also be updated when a valid charge termination
is detected.
Temperature — If Temperature is outside of the range 10°C to 40°C.
Delta Capacity — If the capacity change between suitable battery rest periods is less than 37%.
Voltage — If CellVoltage2..1 is inside a flat voltage region. (See the Support of Multiple Li-Ion
Chemistries with Impedance Track Gas Gauges Application Report (SLUA372) for the voltage
ranges of other chemistries.) This flat region is different with different chemistry. The
GaugingStatus[OCVFR] flag indicates if the cell voltage is inside this flat region.
Offset Error — If offset error accumulated during time passed from previous OCV reading exceeds 1% of
Design Capacity, update is disqualified. Offset error current is calculated as CC Deadband/sense
resistor value.
Several flags in GaugingStatus() are helpful to track for QMax update conditions. The [REST] flag
indicates an OCV is taken in RELAX mode. The [VOK] flag indicates the last OCV reading is qualified for
the QMax update. The [VOK] is set when charge or discharge starts. It will be cleared when the QMax
update occurs, when the offset error for a QMax disqualification is met, or when there is a full reset. The
[QMax] flag will be toggled when the QMax update occurs. ITStatus2() and ITStatus3() return the QMax
and DOD (depth of discharge, corresponding to the OCV reading) data.
6.4.3 Fast QMax Update Conditions

The Fast QMax Update Conditions are very similar to the QMax Update Conditions with the following
differences:
• Instead of taking two OCV readings for QMax update, Fast QMax update requires only one OCV
reading AND
• The battery pack should discharge > 10% RSOC.
The differences in requirements allow the Fast QMax feature to have a QMax update at the end of
discharge (given one OCV reading is already available and discharge < 10% RSOC) without a longer
relax time after a discharge event. The Temperature, Delta Capacity, Voltage, and Offset Error
requirements for a QMax update are still required for the Fast QMax update.
This feature is particularly useful for reducing production QMax learning cycle time or for an application
that is mostly in CHARGE or DISCHARGE state with infrequent relaxation. Setting IT Gauging
Configuration[FAST_QMax_LRN] = 1 enables Fast QMax during production learning only (that is,
Update Status = 6).

QMax and Ra www.ti.com
The DOD is taken for QMax at a high state-of-charge, then during discharge when at the steep portion of
the voltage curve (85–90% DOD). This allows a good estimation of DOD again. This DOD estimation
during discharge is used to update QMax immediately instead of needing a rest period first. The actual
update to QMax happens when the discharge stops after verifying that no conditions were present that
would cause the QMax update to fail. The BQ28Z610 has an option to have DOD@EOC be valid for
QMax updates, which means it is possible to update QMax with no rest periods at all (by having a charge
termination followed by a full discharge); however, this is only recommended for certain new chemistries.
Fast QMax can be enabled in either LEARN mode (FAST_QMax_LRN) or FIELD mode
(FAST_QMax_FLD). The LEARN mode flag means Fast QMax is only enabled in IT state “06”, and will be
disabled once 0E is reached. FIELD mode is enabled in both “06” and “0E” states.
6.4.4 QMax and Fast QMax Update Boundary Check

The BQ28Z610 implements a QMax and Fast QMax check prior to saving the value to data flash. This
improves the robustness of the QMax update in case of potential QMax corruption during the update
process.
The verifications are as follows:
1. Verify that the updating QMax or Fast QMax value is within QMaxDelta, which is the maximum
allowed QMax change for each update. If the updating value is outside of this data flash parameter, the
BQ28Z610 caps the change to QMaxDelta of the Design Capacity.
2. Bound the absolute QMax value, QMax Upper Bound. This is the maximum allowed QMax value over
the lifetime of the pack.
3. Ensure that QMax is greater than 0 before saving to data flash.
6.4.5 Ra Table Initial Values

The Ra table is part of the impedance profile that updates during discharge when gauging is enabled. The
initial Cell0 R_a0...14, Cell1 R_a0...14, values should be programmed by selecting the correct chemistry
data during data flash configuration. A chemistry database is constantly updating, and can be downloaded
from the Gas Gauge Chemistry Updater product web page (http://www.ti.com/tool/gasgaugechem-sw).
The initial xCell0 R_a0...14, xCell1 R_a0...14 values are a copy of the non-x data set. Two sets of Ra
tables are used alternatively when gauging is enabled to prevent wearing out the data flash.
The Cell0 R_a Flag, Cell1 R_a Flag, and the xCell0 R_a Flag, xCell1 R_a Flag, indicate the validity of
the cell impedance table for each cell. Firmware updates these values: It is not recommended to change
them manually.
High Byte Low Byte

Cell impedance and QMax Table not used and QMax
0x00 0x00
updated updated
RELAX mode and QMax
0x05 0x05 RSVD
update in progress
DISCHARGE mode and cell
0x55 0x55 Table being used
impedance updated
Table never used, no QMax or
0xFF Cell impedance never updated 0xFF
cell impedance update
6.4.6 Ra Table Update Conditions

The impedance is different across different DOD states. Each cell has 15 Ra grid points presenting the
impedance from 0%–100% DOD. In general, the Ra table is updated during discharge. The
GaugingStatus[RX] flag will toggle when the Ra grid point is updated. The Ra update is disabled if any of
the following conditions are met. The GaugingStatus[R_DIS] is set to indicate the Ra update is disabled.
• During the optimization cycle, the Ra update is disabled until QMax is updated (that is, Ra will not be
updated if Update Status = 4) OR
• Ra update is disabled if the charge accumulation error > 2% of Design Capacity OR
• During a discharge, a bad Ra value is calculated:

www.ti.com QMax and Ra
– A negative Ra is calculated or
– A bad RaScale value is calculated.
A valid OCV reading during RELAX mode or a fast QMax update without an OCV read will clear the
[R_DIS] flag.

FullChargeCapacity (FCC), RemainingCapacity (RemCap), and RelativeStateOfCharge (RSOC) www.ti.com
6.5 FullChargeCapacity (FCC), RemainingCapacity (RemCap), and

RelativeStateOfCharge (RSOC)
The Impedance Track algorithm applies QMax, impedance, temperature, voltage, and current data to
predict the runtime FullChargeCapacity(), RemainingCapacity(), and RelativeStateOfCharge(). These
values are updated if any of the following conditions are met, reflecting the battery capacity at real time:
• QMax update occurs
• Ra update occurs
• At onset of charge and discharge
• At exit of discharge
• Every 5 hours in RELAX mode
• If temperature changes more than 5°C
6.6 Impedance Track (IT) Configuration Options

The BQ28Z610 provides several Impedance Track configuration options to fine-tune the gauging
performance. These configurations can be turned on or off through the corresponding flags in Settings: IT
Gauging Configuration.
[LOCK0]: After a discharge event, cell voltage will usually recover to a slightly higher voltage during
RELAX state. A new OCV reading during this time can result in a slightly higher state-of-charge. This flag
provides an option to keep RemainingCapacity() and RelativeStateOfCharge() jumping back during
relaxation after 0% and FD are reached during discharge.
[RSOC_HOLD]: An IT simulation will run at the onset of discharge. If charge terminates at a low
temperature and discharge occurs at a higher temperature, the difference in temperature could cause a
small rise of RSOC for a short period of time at the beginning of discharge. This flag option prevents
RSOC rises during discharge. RSOC will be held until the calculated value falls below the actual state.
[RSOCL]: When set will be held to 99% until charge termination is detected.
[RFACTSTEP]: The gauge keeps track of an Ra factor of the old (old Ra)/(new Ra) during the Ra update.
This factor is used for Ra scaling. It is limited to 3 max. During an Ra update, if (old Ra)/(new Ra) > 3, the
gauge can take on two different actions based on the setting of this flag.
If the flag is set to 1 (default), the gauge allows Ra to update once using the max factor of 3, then disables
the Ra update. If this flag is set to 0, the gauge will not update Ra and also disables the Ra update. It is
recommended to keep the default setting.
[OCVFR]: An OCV reading is taken when a dV/dt condition is met. This is not the case if charging stops
within the flat voltage region. The change of cell voltage in this region is very small; therefore, a same
voltage error can correspond to a larger DOD error. By default, this flag is set. The device will take a 48-
hour wait before taking an OCV reading if charging stops below the FlatVoltMax (max flat region voltage).
The FlatVoltMax is different with different chemistry. A short discharge will not cancel this 48-hour wait.
The 48-hour wait will only be cleared if charging stops above the FlatVoltMax level. Setting this flag to 0
will remove the 48-hour wait requirement, and OCV will be taken whenever the dV/dt condition is met.
Removing the 48-hour requirement can be useful sometimes to reduce test time during evaluation.
[RSOC_CONV]: This function is also called fast scaling. It is an option to address the convergence of
RSOC to 0% at a low temperature and a very high rate of discharge. Under such conditions, it is possible
to have a drop of RSOC to 0%, especially if the termination voltage is reached at the DOD region with a
higher Ra grid interval. To account for the error caused by the high granularity of the impedance grid
interval, the [RSOC_CONV], when enabled, applies a scale factor to impedance, allowing more frequent
impedance data updates used for RemCap simulation leading up to 0% RSOC.
[Fast_QMax_LRN] and [Fast_QMax_FLD]: The first flag enables fast QMax during the learning cycle
when Update Status = 06. The second flag enables fast QMax in the field when Update Status ≥ 06.
If [RSOC_CONV] is enabled, it is recommended to start this function around the knee region of the
discharge curve. This is usually around 10% of RSOC or around 3.3 V–3.5 V. This function checks for cell
voltage and RSOC status and starts the function when either condition is met. The RSOC and cell voltage
setting can be configured through Fast Scale Start SOC or Term Voltage.

www.ti.com State-of-Health (SOH)
If [FF_NEAR_EDV]: Fast Filter Near EDV. If this flag is set, the gauge applies an alternative filter, Near
EDV Ra Param Filter, for an Ra update in the fast scaling region (starting around 105 RSOC). This flag
should be kept to 1 as a default. When this flag is 0, the gauge uses the regular Ra filter, Resistance
Parameter Filter. Both DF filters should not be changed from the default value.
[SMOOTH]: A change in temperature or current rate can cause a significant change in Remaining
Capacity (RemCap), and therefore results in a jump or drop in the Relative State-of-Charge (RSOC). This
function provides an option to prevent an RSOC jump or drop during charge and discharge.
If a jump or drop of RSOC occurs, the device examines the amount of the RSOC jump or drop versus the
expected end point (that is, the charge termination for the charging condition or the EDV for the discharge
condition) and automatically smooths the change of RSOC, and always converges with the filtered (or
smoothed) value to the actual charge termination or EDV point. The actual and filtered values are always
available. The [SMOOTH] flag selects either the actual or filtered values as a returned SBS command.
[RELAX_JUMP_OK]: If set to 1, this flag enables the RSOC to jump during RELAX mode. Otherwise,
RSOC holds constant during RELAX mode and any RSOC jump will be passed into the onset of the
charge or discharge phase.
[CELL_TERM]: This flag provides an option to have a cell voltage based discharge termination. If the
minimum cell voltage reaches Term Min Cell V, RemainingCapacity() will be forced to 0 mAh.
[CSYNC]: This flag, if set to 1, synchronizes FullChargeCapacity() at valid charge termination.
[CCT]: This flag provides an option to use FullChargeCapacity() (when [CCT] = 1) or DesignCapacity()
(when [CCT] = 0) for cycle count threshold calculation. The minimum cycle count threshold is always 10%
of Design capacity even if FullChargeCapacity() is selected for cycle count threshold calculation. This
helps to avoid any erroneous cycle count increment caused by an extremely low FullChargeCapacity().
6.7 State-of-Health (SOH)

The device now implements an updated version of the battery state-of-health (SOH), which is reported by
the StateofHealth() command. In the previous version, the StateofHealth() was calculated using a special
25°C version of FullChargeCapacity as a fraction of Design Capacity. However, this calculation still
included some parameters that were updated during operation based on the loading and use of the
battery, separate from the battery status itself. This could lead to varying calculations of state-of-health for
the same battery, depending on how the battery was used in system. The updated version of
StateofHealth() addresses this by calculating a special SOH Full Charge Capacity, with the initial ambient
temperature fixed at 25°C, using a current load specified by SOH Load Rate, and using the thermal
model parameters, SOH Temp a and SOH Temp k.
The SOH Load Rate can be set to the typical current of the application, and it is specified in units of hour-
rate (that is, Design Capacity/SOH Load Rate will be the current used for the SOH simulation). The SOH
Temp a and SOH Temp k can be set to expected values for the system during operation. These data
flash settings are used only for the StateofHealth() calculation. This SOH Full Charge Capacity is updated
whenever ASOC and RSOC are updated. Because this implementation removes the variation of load
current, temperature, and learned parameters, it is a better representation of the battery's state-of-health.
The SOH Full Charge Capacity is available on the MAC command FCC_SOH().
6.8 Battery Trip Point (BTP)

The Battery Trip Point (BTP) feature indicates when the RSOC of a battery pack has depleted to a certain
value set in a DF register. The BTP output uses the TS1 pin.
The BTP feature allows a host to program two capacity-based thresholds that govern the triggering of a
BTP interrupt on the BTP_INT pin and the setting or clearing of the OperationStatus()[BTP_INT] on the
basis of RemainingCapacity(). The interrupt is enabled or disabled via Settings.Configuration.IO
Config[BTP_EN].
OperationStatus()[BTP_INT] is set when:
• Current > 0 and RemCap > “clear” threshold (“charge set threshold”). This threshold is initialized at
reset from Settings.BTP.Init Charge Set.
• Current ≤ 0 and RemCap < “set” threshold (“discharge set threshold”). This threshold is initialized at
reset from Settings.BTP.Init Discharge Set.
Battery Trip Point (BTP) www.ti.com
• When OperationStatus()[BTP_INT] is set, if Settings.Configuration.IO Config[BTP_EN] is set, then

the BTP_INT pin output is asserted.
• When either BTPDischargeSet() or BTPChargeSet() commands are received,
OperationStatus()[BTP_INT] will clear and the pin will be deasserted. The new threshold is written to
either BTPDischargeSet() or BTPChargeSet().
• At reset, the pin is set to the deasserted state.

Chapter 7
Cell Balancing
7.1 Introduction
The BQ28Z610 can determine the chemical state-of-charge of each cell using the Impedance Track
algorithm. The cell balancing algorithm used in the device decreases the differences in imbalanced cells in
a fully charged state gradually, which prevents fully charged cells from becoming overcharged, causing
excessive degradation. This increases overall pack energy by preventing premature charge termination.
The algorithm determines the amount of charge needed to fully charge each cell. There is a bypass FET
in parallel with each cell connected to the gas gauge. The FET is enabled for each cell with a charge
greater than the lowest charged cell to reduce charge current through those cells. Each FET is enabled for
a precalculated time as calculated by the cell balancing algorithm. When any bypass FET is turned on,
then the OperationStatus()[CB] flag is set; otherwise, the [CB] flag is cleared.
The gas gauge balances the cells by balancing the SOC difference. Thus, a field updated QMax (Update
Status = 0E) is required prior to any attempt of Cell Balance Time calculation. This ensures the accurate
SOC delta is calculated for the cell balancing operation. If QMax update has only occurred once (Update
Status = 06), then the gauge will only attempt to calculate the Cell Balance Time if a fully charged state is
reached, GaugingStatus()[FC] = 1.
Cell balancing is enabled if Settings:Balancing Configuration [CB] = 1. Cell balancing at rest can be
enabled separately by setting Balancing Configuration [CBR] = 1. If Settings:Balancing Configuration
[CB] = 0, both cell balancing at charging and at rest are disabled.
Cell balancing at rest can be configured by determining the data flash Min Start Balance Delta, Relax
Balance Interval, and Min RSOC for Balancing. For the data flash setting descriptions, see Cell
Balancing Config. The gas gauge balances cells by bypassing the energy. It is recommended to perform
cell balancing at rest when there is capacity in the battery pack.
7.2 Cell Balancing Setup

The BQ28Z610 is required to be in RELAX mode before it can check if the cells are unbalanced and how
much balancing is required. The BQ28Z610 enters RELAX mode when:
Current() < Quit Current for at least Dsg Relax Time when coming from DISCHARGE mode for Chg
Relax Time when coming for CHARGE mode.
SLUUA65D – April 2014 – Revised January 2020 Cell Balancing 39

Cell Balancing Setup www.ti.com
Start
[Device is in CHARGE or Entering RELAX Mode
DISCHARGE mode]
Current()
Is Yes
|Current()| > Quit Remains in CHARGE or
DISCHARGE mode
Current
Quit
Current No Note: If the device is in CHARGE and
|Current()| is > Dsg Current
Threshold, then the device switches
directly to DISCHARGE mode; or if the
No Yes device is in DISCHARGE and |Current ()|
Clear and Start Is the device currently Clear and Start
Internal Timer in CHARGE mode? Internal Timer is > Chg Current Threshold, then the
device switches directly to CHARGE
mode bypassing the timers.
Yes Is Is Yes
|Current()| > Quit |Current()| > Quit
Current Current
No No
DSG Relax CHG Relax
Time Time
No No
Is Internal Timer > DSG Is Internal Timer > CHG
Relax Time Relax Time
Yes Yes
RELAX Mode
Figure 7-1. Entering CHARGE or RELAX Mode
Once in RELAX mode, the BQ28Z610 waits until an OCV measurement is taken, which occurs after:
1. A dV/dt condition of < 4 µV/s is satisfied,
2. After 5 hours from when Current() < Quit Current,
3. Upon gas gauge reset,
4. An IT Enable command is issued.
The determination of when to update the OCV data is part of the normal Impedance Track algorithm and
is not specific to the cell balancing algorithm.
40 Cell Balancing SLUUA65D – April 2014 – Revised January 2020

www.ti.com Cell Balancing Setup
Note: If charge stop below the flat voltage max (this

value is part of the chemistry data and is different from
ChemID to ChemID), and the GaugingStatus()[OCVFR]=1,
Exit of Power Upon Entering
On Reset RELAX Mode the gauge will wait 48 hours before taking an OCV
measurement.
The 48-hr requirement is removed if IT Gauging

Clear and Start Internal Timer Configuration [OCVFR ] = 0.
Current ()
Is (–Dsg Current Yes

Threshold) > Current () >
Chg Current Threshold
Chg Current Threshold
Dsg Current Threshold No
No
Is No Has Internal Timer

Voltage() dV/dt of Voltage() <
exceeded 5 hrs?
4 µ V/s
Yes Yes
Update Impedance Track OCV

data
Exit OCV Update to

Valid OCV is acquired.
Charge or Discharge
Figure 7-2. OCV Measurement
The BQ28Z610 then calculates the amount of charge difference between cells with a higher state-of-
charge than the lowest cell SOC. The value, dQ, is determined for each cell based by converting the
measured OCV to Depth-of-Discharge (DOD) percentages using a temperature-compensated DOD vs.
OCV table lookup table. If the measured, OCV does not coincide with a specific table entry, then the DOD
value is linearly interpolated from the two adjacent DODs of the respective table adjacent OCVs.
The delta in DOD% between each cell and the cell of lowest SOC is multiplied by the respective cells
QMax to create dQ: for example, dQ = CellnDOD – CellLOWEST_SOC DOD × CellnQMax (mAh).

Cell Balancing Setup www.ti.com
Start
CellVoltage 1…2()
Does measured OCV
No
align with the OCV
table
Yes
OCV Table
Linear Interpolate DOD % values
Lookup DOD % values for each
for each cell from closest stored
cell
OCV data
Calculate ΔDOD% between each

cell and the highest DOD cell
QMAX per ΔQ (mAh)

ΔDOD% x QMAX per cell
Cell per cell
ΔQ Calculation Complete
Figure 7-3. ΔQ Calculation
The BQ28Z610 calculates the required balancing time using dQ and Bal Time/mAh Cell 1 (for cell 1) or
Bal Time/mAh Cell 2. The value of Bal Time/mAh Cell 1 and Bal Time/mAh Cell 2 is fixed based on
key system factors and is calculated by:
Bal Time/mAh Cell x = 3600 mAs/(DUTY × (1000 mV / 1 V) × VCELL/(RVCx + Rcb))
Where:
VCELL = average cell voltage (for example, 3.7 V for most chemistry)
RVCx = external resistance in series between the cell and the pins of the BQ28Z610. In the reference
schematic, RVC2 = 105 Ω and RVC1 = 100 Ω.
Rcb = cell balancing FET Rdson, which is 150 Ω.
DUTY = cell balancing duty cycle, which is 68.75% typ.
Cell balancing time for each cell to be balanced is calculated by: dQCelln × Bal Time/mAh Cell 1 for cell1
or and dQCelln × Bal Time/mAh Cell 2. The cell balancing time is stored in the 16-bit RAM register
CellnBalanceTimer, providing a maximum calculated time of 65535 s (or 18.2 hrs). This update only
occurs if a valid QMax update has been made; otherwise, they are all set to 0.
The CellnBalanceTimer registers are clamped at 0xFFFF and cannot roll over.

www.ti.com Cell Balancing Operation
7.3 Cell Balancing Operation

Note: Cell balancing is called every 1 s.
Start Cell Balancing
Yes Is device initializing

from Reset?
Calculate
Cell Balance Timers No
Yes
Is device in CHARGE
mode?
No
Yes
Is device in RELAX
mode?
No
Disable all cell

balance outputs
Enter CHARGE Mode

Enter RELAX Mode Cell Exit Cell Balancing
Balancing Cell Balancing
Figure 7-4. Cell Balance Mode Detection
The BQ28Z610 calls the cell balancing algorithm every 1 s during normal operation. Cell balancing is not
called when the device is in SLEEP mode. All algorithm selections are made on this same 1-s timer.
In RELAX mode, if cell balancing at rest is enabled, Balancing Configuration[CBR] = 1. The gauge will
verify if the dv/dt condition is met at the entry of the RELAX mode. If so, then the cell balancing at rest will
start when all of the conditions below are met:
• Any pre-calculated Cell Balance Timer is non-zero AND
• RelativeStateofCharge() > Min RSOC for Balancing
The gauge will attempt to recalculate the cell balancing time in RELAX mode every Relax Balance
Interval. The cell balancing time is updated if the conditions below are met:
• The Relax Balance Interval has passed AND
• A OCV measurement is taken AND
• The max cell voltage delta > Min Start Balance Delta
On exit of the RELAX mode, cell balancing time is recalculated as long as a valid OCV update is
available.
NOTE: Cell balancing is paused during OCV measurement.

Cell Balancing Operation www.ti.com
Cell Balance at Rest is

Cell Balancing Operation enabled AND in RELAX
in RELAX Mode
Yes
No
Is dv/dt condition in Is the Relax Balance
process? Interval timer expired ?
No Yes
RelativeStateofCharge()
RSOC()
No
Is RSOC()> Min RSOC Has an OCV measure
Relax Balance ? been taken ?
Yes
No
Enable balance path for Yes
those cells with Cell Cell BalanceTimer Reset Relax Balance Interval
Balance Timer > 0 for each cell timer
Max-Min (Cell No
Disable balance path for Voltage 1...2) > Min
those cells with Cell Start Balance Delta?
Balance Timer = 0
Yes
Decrement Timers
Re-calculate Cell Balance
Timer
Exit Cell Balancing
Figure 7-5. Cell Balance Operation in RELAX Mode
When the BQ28Z610 is in CHARGE mode, it follows these steps during cell balancing:
a. Check if any of the precalculated Cell Balance Timers are > 0.
b. The cell balance FETs are turned ON for the corresponding cell balance timers that are ≠ 0.
NOTE: There are no SOC restrictions controlling the enabling of cell balancing in CHARGE mode.

www.ti.com Cell Balancing Operation
Note: Cell balancing is called every 1 s

Cell Balancing
so this loop will execute every 1 s
Operation in CHARGE
as long as the appropriate conditions exist.
Cell Balance Timer

for each cell
No
Is any Cell Balance
Timer > 0?
Yes
Enable balance path for

those cells with Cell
Balance Timer > 0
Disable balance path for

those cells with Cell
Balance Timer = 0
Decrement Timers
Exit Cell Balancing
Figure 7-6. Cell Balance Operation in CHARGE Mode

Chapter 8
Lifetime Data Collection
8.1 Description
The device has extensive capabilities for logging events over the life of the battery, which is useful for
analysis. The Lifetime data collection is enabled by setting ManufacturingStatus[LF_EN] = 1. The data is
collected in RAM and only written to DF under the following conditions to avoid wear out of the data flash:
• Every 10 hours if RAM content is different from flash.
• In permanent fail, before data flash updates are disabled.
• A reset counter increments
• The LifetimeDataFlush MAC command is received.
The lifetime data stops collecting under following conditions:
• After permanent fail
• Lifetime Data collection is disabled by setting ManufacturingStatus[LF_EN] = 0.
Total firmware runtime starts when lifetime data is enabled.
• Voltage
– Max Cell Voltage for Each Cell
• Current
– Max Charge/Discharge Current
• Temperature
– Max/Min Cell Temp
46 Lifetime Data Collection SLUUA65D – April 2014 – Revised January 2020

Chapter 9
Device Security
9.1 Description
There are three levels of secured operation within the device. To switch between the levels, different
operations are needed with different keys. The three levels are SEALED, UNSEALED, and FULL
ACCESS. The device also supports SHA-1 HMAC authentication with the host system.
9.2 SHA-1 Description

As of March 2012, the latest revision is FIPS 180-4. SHA-1, or secure hash algorithm, is used to compute
a condensed representation of a message or data, also known as hash. For messages < 264, the SHA-1
algorithm produces a 160-bit output called a digest.
In a SHA-1 one-way hash function, there is no known mathematical method of computing the input given,
only the output. The specification of SHA-1, as defined by FIPS 180-4, states that the input consists of
512-bit blocks with a total input length less than 264 bits. Inputs that do not conform to integer multiples of
512-bit blocks are padded before any block is input to the hash function. The SHA-1 algorithm outputs the
160-bit digest.
The device generates a SHA-1 input block of 288 bits (total input = 160-bit message + 128-bit key). To
complete the 512-bit block size requirement of the SHA-1 function, the device pads the key and message
with a 1, followed by 159 0s, followed by the 64 bit value for 288 (000...00100100000), which conforms to
the pad requirements specified by FIPS 180-4.
Detailed information about the SHA-1 algorithm can be found here:
1. http://www.nist.gov/itl/
2. http://csrc.nist.gov/publications/fips
3. www.faqs.org/rfcs/rfc3174.html
9.3 HMAC Description

The SHA-1 engine calculates a modified HMAC value. Using a public message and a secret key, the
HMAC output is considered to be a secure fingerprint that authenticates the device used to generate the
HMAC.
To compute the HMAC: Let H designate the SHA-1 hash function, M designate the message transmitted
to the device, and KD designate the unique 128-bit Unseal/Full Access/Authentication key of the device.
HMAC(M) is defined as:
H[KD || H(KD || M)], where || symbolizes an append operation.
The message, M, is appended to the unseal/full access/authentication key, KD, and padded to become
the input to the SHA-1 hash. The output of this first calculation is then appended to the unseal/full
access/authentication key, KD, padded again, and cycled through the SHA-1 hash a second time. The
output is the HMAC digest value.
SLUUA65D – April 2014 – Revised January 2020 Device Security 47

Authentication www.ti.com
9.4 Authentication
The authentication should be implemented using the following steps:
1. MAC command 0x0000: Command = 0x0000, write the 20 bytes to 0x40, then write the checksum+len
at 0x60.
The response will be available as a MAC response, so 0x3E/0x3F will be 0x0000, 0x40 will have the
SHA1 result, and 0x60/0x61 will have the checksum and length.
2. Generate 160-bit message M using a random number generator that meets approved random number
generators described in FIPS PUB 140–2.
3. Generate SHA-1 input block B1 of 512 bytes (total input = 128-bit authentication key KD + 160-bit
message M + 1 + 159 0s + 100100000).
4. Generate SHA-1 hash HMAC1 using B1.
5. Generate SHA-1 input block B2 of 512 bytes (total input = 128-bit authentication key KD + 160-bit hash
HMAC1 + 1 + 159 0s + 100100000).
6. Generate SHA-1 hash HMAC2 using B2.
7. With no active MACData() data waiting, write 160-bit message M to MACData() in the format
0xAABBCCDDEEFFGGHHIIJJKKLLMMNNOOPPQQRRSSTT, where AA is LSB.
8. Wait 250 ms, then read MACData() for HMAC3.
9. Compare host HMAC2 with device HMAC3, and if it matches, both host and device have the same key
KD and the device is authenticated.
9.5 Security Modes

Changing the security keys requires using the change MAC command; the code to unseal the device can
be sent to 0x3E, 0x3F. The order of the data is in Little Endian. To change the keys, the write operations
must be sent through AltManufacturerAccess() 0x3E, 0x3F with the SecurityKey() followed by the key
information. Each parameter entry must be sent in Little Endian. The 0x3E write block should end after the
"0xCD". The checksum and length are a second command starting at 0x60.
Example:
Changing the Unseal key to 0x0123, 0x4567 and the Full Access key to 0x89AB, 0xCDEF:
Write block: command = 0x3E, block = 0x35 + 0x00 + 0x23 + 0x01 + 0x67 + 0x45 + 0xAB + 0x89 + 0xEF
+ 0xCD + 1 byte for checksum + 1 byte for data length. Note: The checksum and length are a second
command starting at 0x60.
Starting address 0x3E, data block (hex) is [35 00 23 01 67 45 ab 89 EF CD], then starting address 0x60,
data block (hex) is [0A 0C] (checksum followed by length) Checksum = 0x0A = ~(0x35 + 0x00 + 0x23 +
0x01 + 0x67 + 0x45 + 0xAB + 0x89 + 0xEF + 0xCD). The final checksum is the bitwise inversion of the
result.
Byte0: Unseal Key LSB
Byte1: Unseal Key MSB
Byte2: Full Access Key LSB
Byte3: Full Access Key MSB
For this activity, the 2nd key must be sent within 4 s of sending the first key; otherwise, the request will not
be accepted.
48 Device Security SLUUA65D – April 2014 – Revised January 2020

www.ti.com Security Modes
9.5.1 SEALING and UNSEALING Data Flash

The gas gauge has a key access scheme to transition between SEALED, UNSEALED, and FULL
ACCESS modes. Each transition requires that a unique set of two keys be sent to the gas gauge via the
AltManufacturerAccess() command. The keys must be sent consecutively, with no other data being written
to the AltManufacturerAccess() register. The Seal Device command instructs the device to limit access to
the registers, functions, and data flash space, and sets the [SEC1][SEC0] flags. In SEALED mode,
standard register information is accessible. Extended MAC Commands functions and data flash are not
accessible. Once in SEALED mode, the part can never permanently return to UNSEALED or FULL
ACCESS modes. Section 12.2.30, the OperationStatus() register, shows the status of the device using
[SEC1][SEC0] bits.
9.5.2 SEALED to UNSEALED

SEALED to UNSEALED instructs the device to extend access to the standard and extended registers and
data flash space and clears the [SEC1][SEC0] flags. In UNSEALED mode, all data, standard and
extended registers and DF have read/write access. Unsealing is a two-step command performed by
writing the first word of the unseal key to AltManufacturerAccess() (MAC), followed by the second word of
the unseal key to AltManufacturerAccess(). The unseal key can be read and changed via the MAC
SecurityKey() command when in FULL ACCESS mode. To return to the SEALED mode, either a hardware
reset is needed, or the MAC Seal Device() command is needed to transit from FULL ACCESS or
UNSEALED to SEALED.
9.5.3 UNSEALED to FULL ACCESS

UNSEALED to FULL ACCESS instructs the device to allow full access to all standard and extended
registers and data flash. The device is shipped from TI in this mode. The keys for UNSEALED to FULL
ACCESS can be read and changed via the MAC command SecurityKey() when in FULL ACCESS mode.
Changing from UNSEALED to FULL ACCESS is performed by using the AltManufacturerAccess()
command, by writing the first word of the Full Access Key to AltManufacturerAccess(), followed by the
second word of the Full Access Key to AltManufacturerAccess(). In FULL ACCESS mode, the command
to go to boot ROM can be sent.
SLUUA65D – April 2014 – Revised January 2020 Device Security 49

Chapter 10
Manufacture Production
10.1 Manufacture Testing

To improve the manufacture testing flow, the gas gauge device allows certain features to be toggled on or
off through AltManufacturerAccess() commands. For example, the CHG FET(), DSG FET(), Lifetime Data
Collection(), Calibration(), and so on. Enabling only the feature under test can simplify the test flow in
production by avoiding any feature interference. These toggling commands will only set the RAM data,
meaning the conditions set by the these commands will be cleared if a reset or seal is issued to the
gauge. The ManufacturingStatus() keeps track of the status (enabled or disabled) of each feature.
The data flash Manufacturing Status provides the option to enable or disable individual features for
normal operation. Upon a reset or a seal command, ManufacturingStatus() will be reloaded from
Manufacturing Status. This also means if an update is made to ManufacturingStatus() to enable or
disable a feature, the gauge will only take the new setting if a reset or seal command is sent.
10.2 Calibration
The device has integrated routines that support calibration of current, voltage, and temperature readings,
accessible after writing 0xF081 or 0xF082 to AltManufacturerAccess() when the
ManufacturingStatus()[CAL] bit is ON. While the calibration is active, the raw ADC data is available on
MACData(). The device stops reporting calibration data on MACData() if any other MAC commands are
sent or the device is reset or sealed.
NOTE: The ManufacturingStatus()[CAL] bit must be turned OFF after calibration is completed. This
bit is cleared at reset or after sealing.
Table 10-1. AltManufacturerAccess() Descriptions

AltManufacturerAccess() Description
0x002D Enables/Disables ManufacturingStatus()[CAL]
0xF080 Disables raw ADC data output on MACData()
0xF081 Outputs raw ADC data of voltage, current, and temperature on MACData()
Outputs raw ADC data of voltage, current, and temperature on MACData(). This mode
0xF082
enables an internal short on the coulomb counter inputs (SRP, SRN).
The MACData() output format is: ZZYYaaAAbbBBccCCddDDeeEEffFFggGGhhHHiiIIjjJJkkKK,

where:
Table 10-2. MACData() Format Descriptions

Value Format Description
8-bit counter, increments when raw ADC values are refreshed (every
ZZ byte
250 ms)
Output status
YY byte AltManufacturerAccess() = 0xF081: 1
AltManufacturerAccess() = 0xF082: 2
AAaa 2's comp Current (coulomb counter)
BBbb 2's comp Cell Voltage 1
CCcc 2's comp Cell Voltage 2
50 Manufacture Production SLUUA65D – April 2014 – Revised January 2020

www.ti.com Calibration
Table 10-2. MACData() Format Descriptions (continued)

Value Format Description
FFff 2's comp BAT Voltage
GGgg 2's comp PACK Voltage
HHhh 2's comp Cell Current 1
IIii 2's comp Cell Current 2
SLUUA65D – April 2014 – Revised January 2020 Manufacture Production 51

Chapter 11
Calibration
NOTE: All calibration steps that require accessing data on MACData() must begin read operations
starting at AltManufacturerAccess() to ensure the data portion of the block is properly
refreshed per the intended AltManufacturerAccess() subcommand (in this case 0xF081 or
0xF082). The first two bytes returned are the AltManufacturerAccess() subcommand followed
by the counter, status, and raw ADC values, as shown in Table 10-1.
11.1 Cell Voltage Calibration
VC2
RVC
VCELL2
VC1
RVC
VCELL1
VSS
1. Apply known voltages in mV to the cell voltage inputs:

• VCELL1 between VC1 terminal and VSS terminal
• VCELL2 between VC2 terminal and VC1 terminal
2. If ManufacturerStatus()[CAL] = 0, send 0x002D to AltManufacturerAccess() to enable the [CAL] flag.
3. Send 0xF081 or 0xF082 to AltManufacturerAccess() to enable raw cell voltage output on MACData().
4. Poll MACData() until the 8-bit counter value increments by 2 before reading data.
5. Read the ADC conversion readings of cell voltages from MACData():
• ADCCELL1 = AAaa of MACData()
• ADCCELL2 = BBbb of MACData()
6. Average several readings for higher accuracy. Poll MACData() until ZZ increments, to indicate that
updated values are available:
• ADCCELLx = [ADCCELLx(reading n) + ...+ ADCCELLx(reading 1)]/n
52 Calibration SLUUA65D – April 2014 – Revised January 2020

www.ti.com VC2 (BAT) Voltage Calibration
7. Calculate gain value:

VCELL1 VCELL 2 16
Cell Gain = {[ + ] ´ 2 } / Nwhere N = number of cells.
ADCCELL1 ADCCELL 2
8. Write the new Cell Gain value to data flash.
9. Recheck the voltage reading and if it is not accurate, repeat Steps 5 and 6.
10. Send 0x002D to AltManufacturerAccess() to clear the [CAL] flag if all calibration is complete.
11.2 VC2 (BAT) Voltage Calibration
VC 2
VVC2
VSS
This device does not have a BAT terminal and therefore the VC2 input is the BAT terminal:
1. Apply known voltages in mV to the voltage input:
• VBAT between VC2 terminal and VSS terminal
5. Read ADC conversion readings of cell stack voltage from MACData():
• ADCBAT = LLll of MACData()
6. Average several readings for higher accuracy. Poll MACData() until ZZ increments to indicate that
• ADCBAT = [ADCBAT(reading n) + … + ADCBAT(reading 1)]/n
VBAT 16
BAT Gain = ´2
ADCBAT
8. Write the new BAT Gain value to data flash.
9. Recheck the voltage readings and if they are not accurate, repeat Steps 4 through 6.
11.3 PACK Voltage Calibration
PACK
VPACK
VSS
1. Apply known voltages in mV to the voltage input:

• VPACK between PACK terminal and VSS terminal
SLUUA65D – April 2014 – Revised January 2020 Calibration 53
Current Calibration www.ti.com
5. Read ADC conversion readings of pack voltage from MACData():
• ADCPACK = KKkk of MACData()
• ADCPACK = [ADCPACK(reading n) + … + ADCPACK(reading 1)]/n
VPACK 16
PACK Gain = ´2
ADCPACK
8. Write the new PACK Gain value to data flash.
9. Recheck voltage readings and if they are not accurate, repeat Steps 4 through 6.
11.4 Current Calibration
11.4.1 CC Offset Calibration
NOTE: Because of hardware improvements in this device, CC Offset Calibration is not necessary.
Only run the CC Offset Calibration procedure if offset current is observed.
1. Apply a known current of 0 mA, and ensure no current is flowing through the sense resistor connected
between the SRP and SRN pins.
3. Send 0xF082 to AltManufacturerAccess() to enable raw cell voltage output on MACData().
4. Poll MACData() until ZZ increments by 2 before reading data.
5. Obtain the ADC conversion readings of current from MACData():
• ADCCC = AAaa of MACData()
Is ADCCC < 0x8000? If yes, use ADCCC; otherwise, ADCCC = –(0xFFFF – AAaa + 0x0001).
• ADCCC = [ADCCC(reading n) + … + ADCCC(reading 1)]/n
7. Read Coulomb Counter Offset Samples from data flash.

www.ti.com Current Calibration
8. Calculate offset value:

• CC Offset = ADCCC × (Coulomb Counter Offset Samples)
9. Write the new CC Offset value to data flash.
10. Recheck the current reading and if it is not accurate, repeat the steps.
11.4.2 Board Offset Calibration
NOTE: Because of hardware improvements in this device, Board Offset Calibration is not necessary.
Only run the Board Offset Calibration procedure if board offset current is observed.
1. Ensure that Offset Calibration was performed first.

2. Apply a known current of 0 mA, and ensure no current is flowing through the sense resistor connected
between the SRP and SRN pins.
4. Send 0xF081 to AltManufacturerAccess() to enable raw cell voltage output on MACData().
6. Obtain the ADC conversion readings of current from MACData():
9. Calculate offset value:
• Board offset = (ADCCC × Coulomb Counter Offset Samples) – CC Offset
10. Write the new Board Offset value to data flash.
11. Recheck the current reading. If the reading is not accurate, repeat the steps.
11.4.3 CC Gain/Capacity Gain Calibration

1. Apply a known current (typically 1 A to 2 A), and ensure ICC is flowing through the sense resistor
connected between the SRP and SRN pins.
3. Send 0xF081 to AltManufacturerAccess() to enable raw CC output on MACData().
5. Check the ADC conversion current output from MACData():
8. Calculate gain values:
I CC
CC Gain =
ADCCC - Board Offset + CC Offset
Coulomb Counter Offset Samples
Capacity Gain = CC Gain ´ 298261.6178
SLUUA65D – April 2014 – Revised January 2020 Calibration 55
Temperature Calibration www.ti.com
9. Write the new CC Gain and Capacity Gain values to data flash.
10. Recheck the current reading. If the reading is not accurate, repeat the steps.
11.5 Temperature Calibration
11.5.1 Internal Temperature Sensor Calibration

1. Apply a known temperature in 0.1°C, and ensure that temperature TempTINT is applied to the device.
2. Read the TINT offsetold from Internal Temp Offset.
3. Read the reported temperature from DAStatus2():
• TINT = AAaa of DAStatus2()
Is TINT > 0? If yes, TINT = AAaa – 2732.
4. Calculate temperature offset:
TINT offset = TEMPTINT - TINT + TINT offsetold

5. Write the new Internal Temp Offset value to data flash.
6. Recheck the DAStatus2() reading. If the reading is not accurate, repeat the steps.
11.5.2 TS1 Calibration

1. Apply a known temperature in 0.1°C, and ensure that temperature TEMPTSx is applied to the thermistor
connected to the TSx terminal. "TSx" refers to TS1.
2. Read the TSx offsetold from External × Temp Offset, where × is 1.
3. Read the appropriate temperature from the DAStatus2() block as TSx.
4. Calculate the temperature offset:
TSx offset = TEMPTS x - TSx + TSx offsetold
where × is 1.
5. Write the new External × Temp Offset (where × is 1) value to data flash.
6. Recheck the DAStatus2() reading. If the reading is not accurate, repeat the steps.

Chapter 12
I2C Commands
12.1 Standard Data Commands

To enable the system to read and write battery information, the BQ28Z610 uses a series of 2-byte
standard I2C commands with a 7-bit device address of 0x55 (8 bits = 0xAA to write and 0xAB to read).
Each standard command has an associated command code pair, as indicated in Table 12-1, Standard
Commands. Each protocol has specific means to access the data at each command code. Data RAM is
updated and read by the gauge once per second.
Table 12-1. Standard Commands

Register Code
Name Description
(LSB/MSB)
ManufacturerAccess/ControlStatus() CNTL 0x00/0x01 Control Register (see below)
Read/Write. The value is a signed integer with the negative value indicating a discharge current value.
AtRate() AR 0x02/0x03
The default value is 0 and forces AtRateTimeToEmpty() to return 65,535.
This read-only function returns an unsigned integer value to predict remaining operating time based on
battery discharge at the AtRate() value in minutes with a range of 0 to 65,534. A value of 65,535
AtRateTimeToEmpty() ARTTE 0x04/0x05 indicates AtRate() = 0. The gas gauge updates the AtRateTimeToEmpty() within 1 s after the system
sets the AtRate() value. The gas gauge updates these parameters every 1 s. The commands are used in
NORMAL mode.
This read-only function returns an unsigned integer value of temperature in units ( 0.1 k) measured by
Temperature() TEMP 0x06/0x07 the gas gauge, and is used for the gauging algorithm. It reports either InternalTemperature() or external
thermistor temperature, depending on the setting of the [TEMPS] bit in Pack configuration.
This read-only function returns an unsigned integer value of the measured cell pack in mV with a range
Voltage() VOLT 0x08/0x09
of 0 12000 mV.
BatteryStatus() FLAGS 0x0A/0x0B See the Flags register.
This read-only function returns a signed integer value that is the instantaneous current flow through the
Current() INSTCURR 0x0C/0x0D
sense resistor. The value is updated every 1 s. Units are mA.
This read-only command returns the predicted remaining capacity, based on rate (per configured Load
RemainingCapacity() RM 0x10/0x11
Select), temperature, present depth-of-discharge, and stored impedance. Values are reported in mAh.
This read-only command returns the predicted capacity of the battery at full charge, based on rate (per
FullChargeCapacity() FCC 0x12/0x13 configured Load Select), temperature, present depth-of-discharge, and stored impedance. Values are
reported in mAh.
This read-only function returns a signed integer value that is the average current flow through the sense
AverageCurrent AI 0x14/0x15
resistor. The value is updated every 1 s. Units are mA.
Uses average current value with a time constant of 15 s for this method. A value of 65535 means the
AverageTimeToEmpty TTE 0x16/0x17
battery is not being discharged.
This read-only function returns a unsigned integer value, predicting time to reach full charge for the
battery in units of minutes based on AverageCurrent(). The computation accounts for the taper current
AverageTimeToFull TTF 0x18/0x19
time extension from linear TTF computation based on a fixed AverageCurrent() rate of charge
accumulation. A value of 65,535 indicates the battery is not being charged.
This read-only function returns a signed integer value of measured standby current through the sense
resistor. The StandbyCurrent() is an adaptive measurement. Initially it will report the standby current
programmed in initial standby, and after several seconds in standby mode will report the measured
standby. The register value is updated every 1 s when measured current is above the deadband and is
StandbyCurrent SI 0x1A/0x1B
less than or equal to 2 × initial standby. The first and last values that meet these criteria are not
averaged in, since they may not be stable values. To approximate to a 1-min time constant, each new
value of StandbyCurrent() is computed by taking approximate 93% weight of the last standby current and
approximate 7% of the current measured average current.
This read-only function returns a unsigned integer value, predicting remaining battery life at standby rate
StandbyTimeToEmpty STTE 0x1C/0x1D of discharge in units of minutes. The computation uses Nominal Available Capacity (NAC) for the
calculation. A value of 65,535 indicates the battery is not being discharged.
This read-only function returns a signed integer value in units of mA, of maximum load conditions. The
MaxLoadCurrent() is an adaptive measurement which is initially reported as the maximum load current
programmed in initial Max Load Current register. If the measured current is ever greater than the initial
MaxLoadCurrent MLI 0x1E/0x1F Max Load Current then the MaxLoadCurrent() updates to the new current. MaxLoadCurrent() is reduced
to the average of the previous value and initial Max Load Current whenever the battery is charged to full
after a previous discharge to an SOC of less than 50%. This will prevent the reported value from
maintaining an unusually high value.
This read-only function returns a unsigned integer value, predicting remaining battery life at the
MaxLoadTimeToEmpty MLTTE 0x20/0x21 maximum discharge load current rate in units of minutes. A value of 65,535 indicates that the battery is
not being discharged.
SLUUA65D – April 2014 – Revised January 2020 I2C Commands 57

Standard Data Commands www.ti.com
Table 12-1. Standard Commands (continued)

Register Code
Name Description
(LSB/MSB)
This read-only function returns a signed integer value of average power during battery charging and
AveragePower AP 0x22/0x23 discharging. It is negative during discharge and positive during charge. A value of 0 indicates that the
battery is not being discharged. The value is reported in units of mW.
This command sets the OperationStatusA [BTP_INT] and the BTP_INT pin will be asserted when the
BTPDischargeSet() 0x24/0x25
RemCap drops below the set threshold in DF register.
BTPChargeSet() 0x26/0x27 This command clears the OperationStatusA [BTP_INT] and the BTP_INT pin will be deasserted.
This read-only function returns an unsigned integer value of the measured internal temperature of the
InternalTemperature INT_TEMP 0x28/0x29
device in 0.1-k units measured by the gas gauge.
This read-only function returns an unsigned integer value of the number of cycles the battery has
CycleCount CC 0x2A/0x2B experienced a discharge (range 0 to 65535). One cycle occurs when accumulated discharge greater
than or equal to CC threshold.
This read-only function returns an unsigned integer value of the predicted remaining battery capacity
RelativeStateOfCharge SOC 0x2C/0x2D
expressed as percentage of FullChargeCapacity() with a range of 0% to 100%.
This read-only function returns an unsigned integer value expressed as a percentage of the ratio of
StateOfHealth SOH 0x2E/0x2F predicted FCC (25C SoH Load Rate) over the DesignCapacity(). The range is 0x00 to 0x64 for 0% to
100%, respectively.
ChargeVoltage CV 0x30/0x31 Returns the desired charging voltage in mV to the charger
ChargeCurrent CC 0x32/0x33 Returns the desired charging current in mA to the charger
In SEALED and UNSEALED access: This command returns the value stored in Design Capacity and is
DesignCapacity 0x3C/0x3D expressed in mAh. This is intended to be a theoretical or nominal capacity of a new pack, but should
have no bearing on the operation of the gas gauge functionality.
AltManufacturerAccess 0x3E/0x3F MAC Data block command
MACData 0x40/0x5F MAC Data block
MACDataSum 0x60 MAC Data block checksum
MACDataLen 0x61 MAC Data block length
12.1.1 0x00/01 ManufacturerAccess() Control

A read on this register returns the Control bits.
This Control Register is an I2C register, and the control bits are read back on register 0x00/0x01. These
control bits are provided for backward compatibility/ease-of-use.
15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
Check
AUTH BTP_
RSVD SEC1 SEC0 RSVD RSVD Sum RSVD RSVD RSVD RSVD LDMD R_DIS VOK QMax
CALM INT
Valid
RSVD (Bit 15): Reserved

SEC1, SEC0 (Bits 14, 13): SECURITY Mode
0, 0 = Reserved
0, 1 = Full Access
1, 0 = Unsealed
1, 1 = Sealed
AUTHCALM (Bit 12): Automatic CALIBRATION mode
1 = Enabled
0 = Disabled
RSVD (Bits 11–10): Reserved
CheckSumValid (Bit 9): Checksum Valid
1 = Flash Writes are enabled.
0 = Flash Writes are disabled due to low voltage or PF condition.
BTP_INT (Bit 7): Battery Trip Point Interrupt. Setting and clearing this bit depends on various conditions.
See Section 6.8 for details.
58 I2C Commands SLUUA65D – April 2014 – Revised January 2020

www.ti.com Standard Data Commands

LDMD (Bit 3): LOAD Mode
1 = Constant Power
0 = Constant Current
R_DIS (Bit 2): Resistance Updates
1 = Disabled
0 = Enabled
VOK (Bit 1): Voltage OK for QMax Update
1 = Detected
0 = Not Detected
QMax (Bit 0): QMax Updates. This bit toggles after every QMax update.
12.1.2 0x02/03 AtRate()

This read/write word function sets the value used in calculating AtRateTimeToFull() and
AtRateTimeToEmpty().
Access Proto-
SBS Cmd Name Type Min Max Default Unit
SE US FA col
0x02/03 AtRate() R/W Word I2 –32768 32767 0 mA
12.1.3 0x04/05 AtRateTimeToEmpty()

This read-word function returns the remaining time to fully discharge the battery stack.
SBS Access Proto-

Name Type Min Max Unit Note
Cmd SE US FA col
65535 indicates not being

0x04/05 AtRateTimeToEmpty() R Word U2 0 65535 min
charged
12.1.4 0x06/07 Temperature()

This read-word function returns the temperature in units 0.1°K.
Access Proto-
SBS Cmd Name Type Min Max Unit
SE US FA col
0x06/07 Temperature() R Word U2 0 65535 0.1°K
12.1.5 0x08/09 Voltage()

This read-word function returns the sum of the measured cell voltages.
Access Proto-
SE US FA col
0x08/09 Voltage() R Word U2 0 65535 mV
12.1.6 0x0A/0B BatteryStatus()

This read-word function returns various battery status information.

Access
SBS Cmd Name Protocol Type Min Max Note
SE US FA
Bit 3:0: EC3,EC2,EC1,EC0
Error Code
0x00 = OK
0x1 = Busy
0x2 = Reserved Command
0x3 = Unsupported Command
0x4 = AccessDenied
0x5 = Overflow/Underflow
0x6 = BadSize
0x7 = UnknownError
Bit 4: FD—Fully Discharged
0 = Battery ok
0x0A BatteryStatus() R R R Word H2 1 = Battery fully depleted
Bit 5: FC—Fully Charged
0 = Battery not fully charged
01 = Battery fully charged
Bit 6: DSG—Discharging
0 = Battery is charging.
1 = Battery is discharging.
Bit 7: INIT—Initialization
0 = Inactive
1 = Active
Bit 8: RTA—Remaining Time Alarm
0 = Inactive
1 = Active
Bit 9: RCA—Remaining Capacity Alarm
0 = Inactive
1 = Active
Bit 10: Reserved
Undefined
Bit 11: TDA—Terminate Discharge Alarm
0 = Inactive
1 = Active
Bit 12: OTA—Overtemperature Alarm
0x0B BatteryStatus() R R R Word H2 0 = Inactive
1 = Active
Bit 13: Reserved
Undefined
Bit 14: TCA—Terminate Charge Alarm
0 = Inactive
1 = Active
Bit 15: OCA—Overcharged Alarm
0 = Inactive
1 = Active
12.1.7 0x0C/0D Current()

This read-word function returns the measured current from the coulomb counter.
Access Proto-
SE US FA col
0x0C/0D Current() R Word I2 –32767 32768 mA
12.1.8 0x0E/0F MaxError()

This read-word function returns the expected margin of error, in %, in the state-of-charge calculation with
a range of 1 to 100%.
SBS Access
Name Protocol Type Min Max Unit
Cmd SE US FA
0x0E/0
MaxError() R Word U1 0 100 %
F
Condition Action
Full device reset MaxError() = 100%
RA-table only updated MaxError() = 5%
QMax only updated MaxError() = 3%
RA-table and QMax updated MaxError() = 1%
Each CycleCount() increment after last valid QMax update MaxError() increment by 0.05%

Condition Action
The Configuration:Max Error Time Cycle Equivalent period passed MaxError() increment by 0.05%.
since the last valid QMax update
12.1.9 0x10/11 RemainingCapacity()

This read-word function returns the predicted remaining battery capacity.
Access Proto-
SE US FA col
0x10/11 RemainingCapacity() R Word U2 0 65535 mAh
12.1.10 0x12/13 FullChargeCapacity()

This read-word function returns the predicted battery capacity when fully charged.
Access Proto-
SE US FA col
0x12/13 FullChargeCapacity() R Word U2 0 65535 mAh
12.1.11 0x14/15 AverageCurrent()
Access Proto-
SE US FA col
0x14/15 AverageCurrent() R Word I2 –32767 32768 mA
12.1.12 0x16/17 AverageTimeToEmpty()

This read-word function returns the predicted remaining battery capacity based on AverageCurrent().
Access Proto-
SBS Cmd Name Type Min Max Unit Note
SE US FA col
65535 = Battery is not being

0x16/17 AverageTimeToEmpty() R Word U2 0 65535 min
discharged.
12.1.13 0x18/19 AverageTimeToFull()

This read-word function returns the predicted time to full charge based on AverageCurrent().
Access Proto-
SE US FA col

0x18/19 AverageTimeToFull() R Word U2 0 65535 min
discharged.
12.1.14 0x1A/1B StandbyCurrent()
Access Proto-
SE US FA col
0x1A/1B StandbyCurrent() R Word I2 –32767 32768 mA
12.1.15 0x1C/1D StandbyTimeToEmpty()

This read-word function returns the predicted remaining battery capacity based on the minimum load rate
of discharge.

Access Proto-
SE US FA col

0x1C/1D StandbyTimeToEmpty() R Word U2 0 65535 min
discharged.
12.1.16 0x1E/1F MaxLoadCurrent()

This read-word function returns the maximum load conditions based on adaptive measurements, using the
values in the initial Max Load Current register and the measured Max Load Current.
Access Proto-
SE US FA col
0x1E/1F MaxLoadCurrent() R Word I2 –32767 32768 mA
12.1.17 0x20/21 MaxLoadTimeToEmpty()

This read-word function returns the predicted remaining battery capacity based on the maximum load rate
of discharge.
SBS Access Proto-

Cmd SE US FA col

0x20/21 MaxLoadTimeTimeToEmpty() R R R Word U2 0 65535 min
discharged.
12.1.18 0x22/23 AveragePower()

This read-word function returns the average power during battery charging or discharging. It is negative
due to discharge and positive due to charge. A zero value indicates the battery is not being discharged.
Access Proto-
SE US FA col
0x22/23 AveragePower() R Word I2 –32767 32768 mW
12.1.19 0x24/25 BTPDischargeSet()

This read/write word command updates the BTP set threshold for DISCHARGE mode for the next BTP
interrupt, deasserts the present BTP interrupt, and clears the OperationStatus()[BTP_INT] bit.
SBS Access Proto-

Name Type Min Max Unit
Cmd SE US FA col
0x24/25 BTPDischargeSet() R/W R/W R/W Word I2 0 32767 mAh
12.1.20 0x26/27 BTPChargeSet()

The read/write word command updates the BTP set threshold for CHARGE mode for the next BTP
interrupt, deasserts the present BTP interrupt, and clears the OperationStatus()[BTP_INT] bit.
SBS Access Proto-

Name Type Min Max Unit
Cmd SE US FA col
0x26/27 BTPChargeSet() R/W R/W R/W Word I2 0 32767 mAh
12.1.21 0x28/29 InternalTemperature()

This read-word function returns the internal die temperature in units 0.1°K.

Access Proto-
SE US FA col
0x28/29 InternalTemperature() R Word U2 0 65535 0.1°K
12.1.22 0x2A/2B CycleCount()

This read-word function returns the number of discharge cycles the battery has experienced.
Access Proto-
SE US FA col
0x2A/2B CycleCount() R R/W R/W Word U2 0 65535 cycles
12.1.23 0x2C/2D RelativeStateOfCharge()

This read-word function returns the predicted remaining battery capacity as a percentage of
FullChargeCapacity().
Access Proto-
SE US FA col
0x2C/2D RelativeStateOfCharge() R Word U1 0 100 %
12.1.24 0x2E/2F State-of-Health (SOH)

This command returns the state-of-health (SOH) information of the battery in percentage of design
capacity. It is a read-only command.
Access Proto-
SE US FA col
0x2E/2F State-of-Health() R Word U1 0 100 %
12.1.25 0x30/31 ChargingVoltage()

This read-word function returns the desired charging voltage.
SBS Access Proto-

Cmd SE US FA col
65535 = Request maximum

0x30/31 ChargingVoltage() R R R Word U2 0 65535 mV
voltage
12.1.26 0x32/33 ChargingCurrent()

This read-word function returns the desired charging current.
Access Proto-
SE US FA col
65535 = Request maximum

0x32/33 ChargingCurrent() R R R Word U2 0 65535 mA
current
12.1.27 0x3C/3D DesignCapacity()

This read-word function returns the theoretical maximum pack capacity.
Access Proto-
SE US FA col
4400
0x3C/3D DesignCapacity() R R/W R/W Word U2 0 65535 mAh
6336

12.1.28 0x3E/3F AltManufacturerAccess()

Writes to this command are interchangeable with AltManufacturerAccess(). This command is provided to
enable an easy way to verify the active MAC command while reading the MACData() returned by the
MAC. The host may simply read from AltManufacturerAccess() to MACDataLength() with one block read.
For a description of returned data values, see the AltManufacturerAccess() version of same command in
Section 12.2.
Access Proto-
SE US FA col
0x3E/3F MACBlockDataCommand() R R R Word — — — — —
12.1.29 0x40/0x5F MACData()

This is the data block for AltManufacturerAccess() or AltManufacturerAccess() commands.
Access Proto-
SE US FA col
0x40/5F MACData () R R R Block — — — — —
12.1.30 0x60 MACDataChecksum()

This is the checksum of the AltManufacturerAccess() and MACData() bytes.
SBS Access
Name Protocol Type Min Max Default Unit Note
Cmd SE US FA
0x60 MACDataCheckSum () R R R Byte — — — — —
The checksum is the 8-bit sum of the MSB and LSB of the command plus the (command length) bytes in
the buffer. The final sum is the bitwise inversion of the result. Since the length is part of the checksum, the
verification cannot take place until the length is written. The checksum and length must be written together
as a word to be valid.
12.1.31 0x61 MACDataLength()

This is the length for AltManufacturerAccess() and MACData().
SBS Access
Name Protocol Type Min Max Default Unit Note
Cmd SE US FA
0x61 MACDataLength() R R R Byte — — — — —
The length byte for all MAC commands will include the 2-byte command, the 1-byte checksum, the 1-byte
length, and 1 to 32 bytes of data. This means the minimum length value is 5 for a valid block (no length or
checksum is used for command only writes, so block of zero size is not necessary). For proper write
command validation, the checksum and length must be written in order (word access triggered).
12.2 0x00, 0x01 AltManufacturerAccess() and 0x3E, 0x3F AltManufacturerAccess()

AltManufacturerAccess() provides a method of reading and writing data in the Manufacturer Access
System (MAC). The MAC command is sent via AltManufacturerAccess() by a block protocol. The result is
returned on AltManufacturerAccess() via a block read.
Commands are set by writing to registers 0x00/0x01. On valid word access, the MAC command state is
set, and commands 0x3E and 0x3F are used for MAC commands. These new addresses work the same
as 0x00 and 0x01, but are primarily intended for block writes and reads.
Example: Send a MAC Gauging() to enable IT via AltManufacturerAccess().
1. With Impedance Track disabled, send Gauging() (0x0021) to AltManufacturerAccess()
a. I2C Write, start address = 0x3E (or 0x00). Data = 21 00 (data must be sent in Little Endian).

www.ti.com 0x00, 0x01 AltManufacturerAccess() and 0x3E, 0x3F AltManufacturerAccess()
2. IT is enabled, ManufacturingStatus()[GAUGE_EN] = 1.
Example: Read Chemical ID() (0x0006) via AltManufacturerAccess().
1. Send Chemical ID() to AltManufacturerAccess().
a. I2C Write, start address = 0x3E (or 0x00). Data sent = 06 00 (data must be sent in Little Endian).
2. Read the result from AltManufacturerAccess() and MfgMACData().
a. I2C Read, start address = 0x3E length = 36 bytes. First 4 bytes of the response will be 06 00 10
12.
b. The first two bytes "06 00" is the MAC command (for verification).
c. The second two bytes "10 12" are the Chem ID in Little Endian. That is, 0x1210 for ChemID 1210.
d. The last two bytes of the 36-byte block will be the checksum and length. The length in this case
will be 6. The checksum is 0xFF – (sum of the first length – 2 bytes). The length and checksum are
used to validate the block response.
It is recommended to send “command only” operations to 0x00 and 0x01, and to set the command for a
read back in the same way. The reason for this is that it can always reset any legacy support options that
may be in effect; whereas, some legacy support options use 0x3E and 0x3F for other purposes. However,
0x3E and 0x3F can always safely be used for block reads. For backward compatibility, a request of the
device number or version will report a value for read on 0x00/0x01. The response word for both MAC
command DEV and VERSION (0x0001 and 0x0002) should report 0xFFA5 as the legacy response. This
is meant as a token to indicate to the host that the real response is on the extended block. “Command
only” operations take place immediately after the word write.
Table 12-2. AltManufacturerAccess() Command List

Data Read on Not Available in
Command Function Access Format Type Units
MACData() SEALED Mode
0x0001 DeviceType R Block √ — hex —
0x0002 FirmwareVersion R Block √ — hex —
0x0003 HardwareVersion R Block √ — hex —
0x0004 IFChecksum R Block √ — hex —
0x0005 StaticDFSignature R Block √ — hex —
0x0006 ChemID R Block √ — hex —
0x0007 Prev_MacWrite R Block √ — hex —
0x0008 StaticChemDFSignature R Block √ — hex —
0x0009 AllDFSignature R Block √ — hex —
0x0010 ShutdownMode W — — — hex —
0x011 SleepMode W — — — hex —
0x012 Reset W — — — hex —
0x013 Auto_CAL_MAC W — — — hex —
0x001F ChargeFET W — — √ hex —
0x0020 DischargeFET W — — √ hex —
0x0021 Gauging (IT Enable) W — — √ hex —
0x0022 FETControl W — — √ hex —
0x0023 LifetimeDataCollection W — — √ hex —
0x0024 PermanentFailure W — — √ hex —
0x0028 LifetimeDataReset W — — √ hex —
0x0029 PermanentFailureDataReset W — — √ hex —
0x002D CalibrationMode W — — √ hex —
0x002E LifetimeDataFlush W — — √ hex —
0x002F LifetimeDataTest W — — √ hex —
0x0030 SealDevice W — — — hex —
0x0035 SecurityKeys R/W Block √ √ hex —
0x0037 AuthenticationKey W Block — √ hex —
0x0041 Reset W — — — hex —
0x004A Device Name R/W Block √ — hex —
0x004B Device Chem R/W Block √ — hex —
0x004C Manufacturer Name R/W Block √ — hex —
0x004D Manufacturer Date R/W Block √ — hex —

0x00, 0x01 AltManufacturerAccess() and 0x3E, 0x3F AltManufacturerAccess() www.ti.com
Table 12-2. AltManufacturerAccess() Command List (continued)

Data Read on Not Available in
Command Function Access Format Type Units
MACData() SEALED Mode
0x004E Serial Number R/W — √ — hex —
0x0050 SafetyAlert R Block √ — hex —
0x0051 SafetyStatus R Block √ — hex —
0x0052 PFAlert R Block √ — hex —
0x0053 PFStatus R Block √ — hex —
0x0054 OperationStatus R Block √ — hex —
0x0055 ChargingStatus R Block √ — hex —
0x0056 GaugingStatus R Block √ — hex —
0x0057 ManufacturingStatus R Block √ — hex —
0x0058 AFERegister R Block √ — hex —
0x0060 LifetimeDataBlock1 R Block √ — Mixed Mixed
0x0070 ManufacturerData R Block √ — hex —
0x0071 DAStatus1 R Block √ — Mixed Mixed
0x0072 DAStatus2 R Block √ — Mixed Mixed
0x0073 ITStatus1 R Block √ — Mixed Mixed
0x0076 CB Status R Block √ — hex —
0x0077 FCC_SOH R Block √ — hex —
0x01yy DFAccessRowAddress R/W Block — √ hex —
0x0F00 ROMMode W — — √ hex —
0xF080 ExitCalibrationOutput R/W Block √ √ hex —
0xF081 OutputCCandADCforCalibration R/W Block √ √ hex —
OutputShortedCCandADC
0xF082 R/W Block √ √ hex —
forCalibration
12.2.1 AltManufacturerAccess() 0x0001 Device Type

The device can be checked for the IC part number.

Returns the IC part number on subsequent read on MACData() in the following format:
Enable 0x0001 to AltManufacturerAccess() aaAA, where:
aaAA: Device type
12.2.2 AltManufacturerAccess() 0x0002 Firmware Version

The device can be checked for the firmware version of the IC.

Returns the firmware revision on MACData() in the following format:
ddDDvvVVbbBBTTzzZZRREE, where:
ddDD: Device Number
vvVV: Version
Enable 0x0002 to AltManufacturerAccess() bbBB: build number
ttTT: Firmware type
zzZZ: Impedance Track Version
RR: Reserved
EE: Reserved
12.2.3 AltManufacturerAccess() 0x0003 Hardware Version

The device can be checked for the hardware version of the IC.

Enable 0x0003 to AltManufacturerAccess() Returns the hardware revision on subsequent read on MACData()

12.2.4 AltManufacturerAccess() 0x0004 Instruction Flash Signature

The device can return the instruction flash signature

Returns the IF signature on subsequent read on MACData() after
Enable 0x0004 to AltManufacturerAccess()
a wait time of 250 ms
12.2.5 AltManufacturerAccess() 0x0005 Static DF Signature

The device can return the data flash checksum.

Returns the signature of all static DF on subsequent read on
Enable 0x0005 to AltManufacturerAccess() MACData() after a wait time of 250 ms. MSB is set to 1 if the
calculated signature does not match the signature stored in DF.
12.2.6 AltManufacturerAccess() 0x0006 Chemical ID

This command returns the chemical ID of the OCV tables used in the gauging algorithm.

Enable 0x0006 to AltManufacturerAccess() Returns the chemical ID on subsequent read on MACData()
12.2.7 AltManufacturerAccess() 0x0007 Pre_MACWrite

This command enables copying the last MAC into a 2-byte block.

Enable 0x0007 to AltManufacturerAccess() Copies the last MAC information into a 2-byte block MACData()
12.2.8 AltManufacturerAccess() 0x0008 Static Chem DF Signature


Returns the signature of all static chemistry DF on a subsequent
read on MACData() after a wait time of 250 ms. MSB is set to 1 if
the calculated signature does not match the signature stored in
DF.
12.2.9 AltManufacturerAccess() 0x0009 All DF Signature


Returns the signature of all DF parameters on a subsequent read
on MACData() after a wait time of 250 ms. MSB is set to 1 if the
Enable 0x0008 to AltManufacturerAccess() calculated signature does not match the signature stored in DF. It
is normally expected that this signature will change due to update
of lifetime, gauging, and other information.

12.2.10 AltManufacturerAccess() 0x0010 SHUTDOWN Mode

The device can be sent to SHUTDOWN mode before shipping to reduce power consumption to a
minimum. The device will wake up when a voltage is applied to PACK. When the pack is sealed, this
feature requires the command be sent twice in a row for safety. Once SHUTDOWN mode is enabled, it is
not possible to clear it without entering SHUTDOWN mode.

Normal OperationStatus()[SDM] = 0 Shutdown feature is armed internally.
OperationStatus()[SEC1,SEC0] = [1, 1]
Arm Shutdown feature is armed internally.
0x0010 sent to AltManufacturerAccess()
0x0010 to AltManufacturerAccess() when
OperationStatus[SEC1,SEC0] = [1, 1] OR
Enable OperationStatus()[SDM] = 1
0x0010 to AltManufacturerAccess() when shutdown
feature is armed.
Current() = 0 AND Voltage on
Trip PACK < Power. Charger Present AND No charging or discharging allowed. Device shutdown.
OperationStatus()[SDM] = 1
Voltage on PACK terminal and device is in
Recovery Device powers up (reset)
SHUTDOWN mode.
12.2.11 AltManufacturerAccess() 0x0011 SLEEP Mode

The device can be sent to SLEEP with AltManufacturerAccess() if the sleep conditions are met.

Enable 0x0011 to AltManufacturerAccess() OperationStatus()[SLEEPM] = 1
Turn off DSG FET
Turn off CHG FET if DA Configuration[SLEEPCHG] = 0
Device goes to sleep
Activate |Current()| < Power:Sleep Current Device wakes up every Power:Sleep Voltage Time
period to measure voltage and temperature
Device wakes up every Power:Sleep Current Time
period to measure current
OperationStatus()[SLEEPM] = 0
Exit |Current()| > Configuration:Sleep Current
Return to NORMAL mode
Exit Wake Comparator trips
Exit SafetyAlert() flag or PFAlert() flag set
12.2.12 AltManufacturerAccess() 0x0012 Device Reset

This command resets the device.

Enable 0x0012 to AltManufacturerAccess() Resets the device
NOTE: Command 0x0041 also resets the device.
12.2.13 AltManufacturerAccess() 0x001F CHG FET

This command turns on/off CHG FET drive function to ease testing during manufacturing.

ManufacturingStatus()[FET,CHG] = 0,1 AND ManufacturingStatus()[FET,CHG] = 0,0
Disable
0x001F to AltManufacturerAccess() CHG FET turns off
ManufacturingStatus()[FET,CHG] = 0,0 AND ManufacturingStatus()[FET,CHG] = 0,1
Enable
0x001F to AltManufacturerAccess() CHG FET turns on if no safety condition override.
12.2.14 AltManufacturerAccess() 0x0020 DSG FET

This command turns on/off DSG FET drive function to ease testing during manufacturing.

ManufacturingStatus()[FET,DSG] = 0,0
ManufacturingStatus()[FET,DSG] = 0,1 AND DSG FET turns off
Disable
0x0020 to AltManufacturerAccess() ManufacturingStatus()[FET,DSG] = 0,0 AND 0x0020 to
AltManufacturerAccess()
ManufacturingStatus()[FET,DSG] = 0,1
Enable
DSG FET turns on if no safety condition override.
12.2.15 AltManufacturerAccess() 0x0021 Gauging

This command enables or disables the gauging function to ease testing during manufacturing.

ManufacturingStatus()[Gauge] = 1 AND ManufacturingStatus()[Gauge] = 0
Disable
0x0021 to AltManufacturerAccess() Disables gauging feature
ManufacturingStatus()[Gauge] = 0 AND ManufacturingStatus()[Gauge] = 1
Enable
0x0021 to AltManufacturerAccess() Enable gauging feature
12.2.16 AltManufacturerAccess() 0x0022 FET Control

This command disables/enables control of the CHG, DSG, and PCHG FETs by the firmware.

ManufacturingStatus()[FET] = 1 AND ManufacturingStatus()[FET] = 0
Disable
0x0022 to AltManufacturerAccess() CHG and DSG FETs are disabled and remain OFF.
ManufacturingStatus()[FET] = 0 AND ManufacturingStatus()[FET] = 1
Enable
0x0022 to AltManufacturerAccess() CHG and DSG FETs are controlled by the firmware.
12.2.17 AltManufacturerAccess() 0x0023 Lifetime Data Collection

This command disables/enables Lifetime data collection for ease of manufacturing.

ManufacturingStatus()[LF] = 1 AND ManufacturingStatus()[LF] = 0
Disable
0x0023 to AltManufacturerAccess() Lifetime Data collection feature is disabled.
ManufacturingStatus()[LF] = 0 AND ManufacturingStatus()[LF] = 1
Enable
0x0023 to AltManufacturerAccess() Lifetime Data collection feature is enabled.
12.2.18 AltManufacturerAccess() 0x0024 Permanent Failure

This command disables/enables Permanent Failure for ease of manufacturing.


ManufacturingStatus()[PF] = 1 AND ManufacturingStatus()[PF] = 0
Disable
0x0024 to AltManufacturerAccess() Permanent Failure feature is disabled.
ManufacturingStatus()[PF] = 0 AND ManufacturingStatus()[PF] = 1
Enable
0x0024 to AltManufacturerAccess() Permanent Failure feature is enabled.
12.2.19 AltManufacturerAccess() 0x0028 Lifetime Data Reset

This command resets Lifetime data in data flash for ease of manufacturing.

Reset 0x0028 to AltManufacturerAccess() Clears Lifetime Data in DF
12.2.20 AltManufacturerAccess() 0x0029 Permanent Fail Data Reset

This command resets PF data in data flash for ease of manufacturing.

Reset 0x0029 to AltManufacturerAccess() Clears PF Data in DF
12.2.21 AltManufacturerAccess() 0x002D CALIBRATION Mode

This command disables/enables entry into CALIBRATION mode. Status is indicated by the
ManufacturingStatus()[CAL] flag.

ManufacturingStatus()[CAL] = 0
ManufacturingStatus()[CAL] = 1 AND
Disable Disables output of ADC and CC raw data on
0x002D to AltManufacturerAccess()
ManufacturingData()
ManufacturingStatus()[CAL] = 0 AND Enables output of ADC and CC raw data on
Enable
0x002D to AltManufacturerAccess() ManufacturingData(), controllable with 0xF081 and
0xF082 on AltManufacturerAccess()
12.2.22 AltManufacturerAccess() 0x0030 Seal Device

This command seals the device for the field, disabling certain commands and access to DF.

OperationStatus()[SEC1,SEC0] = 1,1
OperationStatus()[SEC1,SEC0] = 0,1 or 1,0 AND
Sealed Certain commands are not available. See Table 12-1 for
0x0030 to AltManufacturerAccess()
details.
12.2.23 AltManufacturerAccess() 0x0035 Security Keys

This is a read/write command that changes the Unseal and Full Access keys. To read the keys, send the
SecurityKeys() command to either the AltManufacturerAccess() 0x00 or 0x3E, followed by a read from
AltManufacturerAccess().
To change the keys, the write operations must be sent through AltManufacturerAccess() 0x3E with the
SecurityKeys() followed by the keys. Each parameter entry must be sent in Little Endian.
Example:
Changing the Unseal key to 0x0123, 0x4567 and the Full Access key to 0x89AB, 0xCDEF:

Byte0: Unseal Key LSB

Byte1: Unseal Key MSB
Byte2: Full Access Key LSB
Byte3: Full Access Key MSB
Write block: command through AltManufacturerAccess() starting address 0x3E, data block (hex) = [35 00
23 01 67 45 AB 89 EF CD].
Starting address 0x60, data block(hex) = [0A 0C] (checksum followed by length)
Checksum = 0x0A = ~(0x35 + 0x00 + 0x23 + 0x01 + 0x67 + 0x45 + 0xAB + 0x89 + 0xEF + 0xCD). The
checksum is the 8-bit sum of the MSB and LSB of the command plus the (command length) bytes in the
buffer. The final sum is the bitwise inversion of the result.
12.2.24 AltManufacturerAccess() 0x0037 Authentication Key

This command enters a new authentication key into the device.

OperationStatus()[SEC1,SEC0] = 0,1 AND OperationStatus()[AUTH] = 1
Initiate
0x0037 to AltManufacturerAccess() 160-bit random number available at MACData()
Wait time 250 ms
OperationStatus()[AUTH] = 0
Correct 128-bit Key written to MACData() in the Device returns 160-bit HMAC digest at MACData() in the
format format:
Enter Key 0xAABBCCDDEEFFGGHHIIJJKKLLMMNNOOPP, 0xAABBCCDDEEFFGGHHIIJJKKLLMMNNOOPPQQRR
where AA is LSB. In addition to this information, the SSTTT, where AA is LSB. The HMAC digest was
checksum + length data block is required. calculated using a challenge of all zeroes + key.
The result can be used to verify the key without allowing
a plain text read back.
12.2.25 AltManufacturerAccess() 0x0041 Device Reset

This command resets the device.

Enable 0x0041 to AltManufacturerAccess() Reset the device
NOTE: Command 0x0012 also resets the device.
12.2.26 AltManufacturerAccess() 0x0050 SafetyAlert

This command returns the SafetyAlert() flags on AltManufacturerAccess() or MACData().

Activate 0x0050 to AltManufacturerAccess() Output SafetyAlert() flags on MACData()
31 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16
RSVD RSVD RSVD RSVD UTD UTC RSVD RSVD RSVD RSVD CTOS RSVD PTOS RSVD RSVD RSVD
15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
RSVD RSVD OTD OTC RSVD ASCD RSVD ASCC RSVD AOLD RSVD OCD RSVD OCC COV CUV
UTD (Bit 27): Undertemperature During Discharge

1 = Detected
0 = Not Detected

UTC (Bit 26): Undertemperature During Charge

1 = Detected
0 = Not Detected
0 = Not Detected
CTOS (Bit 21): Charge Timeout Suspend
1 = Detected
0 = Not Detected
PTOS (Bit 19): Precharge Timeout Suspend
1 = Detected
0 = Not Detected
OTD (Bit 13): Overtemperature During Discharge
1 = Detected
0 = Not Detected
OTC (Bit 12): Overtemperature During Charge
1 = Detected
0 = Not Detected
ASCD (Bit 10): Short-Circuit During Discharge
1 = Detected
0 = Not Detected
ASCC (Bit 8): Short-Circuit During Charge
1 = Detected
0 = Not Detected
AOLD (Bit 6): Overload During Discharge
1 = Detected
0 = Not Detected
OCD (Bit 4): Overcurrent During Discharge
1 = Detected
0 = Not Detected
OCC (Bit 2): Overcurrent During Charge
1 = Detected
0 = Not Detected
COV (Bit 1): Cell Overvoltage
1 = Detected
0 = Not Detected
CUV (Bit 0): Cell Undervoltage
1 = Detected
0 = Not Detected
12.2.27 AltManufacturerAccess() 0x0051 SafetyStatus

This command returns the SafetyStatus() flags on MACData().

Activate 0x0051 to AltManufacturerAccess() Outputs SafetyStatus() flags on MACData()

31 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16
RSVD RSVD RSVD RSVD UTD UTC RSVD RSVD RSVD RSVD RSVD CTO RSVD PTO RSVD RSVD
15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
RSVD RSVD OTD OTC RSVD ASCD RSVD ASCC RSVD AOLD RSVD OCD RSVD OCC COV CUV
UTD (Bit 27): Undertemperature During Discharge

1 = Detected
0 = Not Detected
UTC (Bit 26): Undertemperature During Charge
1 = Detected
0 = Not Detected
CTO (Bit 20): Charge Timeout
1 = Detected
0 = Not Detected
PTO (Bit 18): Precharge Timeout
1 = Detected
0 = Not Detected
OTD (Bit 13): Overtemperature During Discharge
1 = Detected
0 = Not Detected
OTC (Bit 12): Overtemperature During Charge
1 = Detected
0 = Not Detected
ASCD (Bit 10): Short-Circuit During Discharge
1 = Detected
0 = Not Detected
ASCC (Bit 8): Short-Circuit During Charge
1 = Detected
0 = Not Detected
AOLD (Bit 6): Overload During Discharge
1 = Detected
0 = Not Detected
OCD (Bit 4): Overcurrent During Discharge
1 = Detected
0 = Not Detected
OCC (Bit 2): Overcurrent During Charge
1 = Detected
0 = Not Detected
COV (Bit 1): Cell Overvoltage
1 = Detected
0 = Not Detected
CUV (Bit 0): Cell Undervoltage
1 = Detected
0 = Not Detected

12.2.28 AltManufacturerAccess() 0x0052 PFAlert

This command returns the PFAlert() flags on MACData().

Activate 0x0052 to AltManufacturerAccess() Outputs PFAlert() flags on MACData()
31 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16
DFET CFET
RSVD RSVD RSVD RSVD RSVD RSVD RSVD RSVD RSVD RSVD RSVD RSVD RSVD RSVD
F F
15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
RSVD RSVD RSVD VIMA VIMR RSVD RSVD RSVD RSVD RSVD RSVD RSVD RSVD RSVD SOV RSVD

DFETF (Bit 17): Discharge FET Failure
1 = Detected
0 = Not Detected
CFETF (Bit 16): Charge FET Failure
1 = Detected
0 = Not Detected
VIMA (Bit 12): Voltage Imbalance While Pack Is Active Failure
1 = Detected
0 = Not Detected
VIMR (Bit 11): Voltage Imbalance While Pack Is At Rest Failure
1 = Detected
0 = Not Detected
SOV (Bit 1): Safety Cell Overvoltage Failure
1 = Detected
0 = Not Detected
12.2.29 AltManufacturerAccess() 0x0053 PFStatus

This command returns the PFStatus() flags on MACData().

Activate 0x0053 to AltManufacturerAccess() Outputs PFStatus() flags on MACData()

31 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16
DFET CFET
RSVD RSVD RSVD RSVD RSVD RSVD RSVD RSVD RSVD RSVD RSVD RSVD RSVD RSVD
F F
15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
RSVD RSVD RSVD VIMA VIMR RSVD RSVD RSVD RSVD RSVD RSVD RSVD RSVD RSVD SOV RSVD

DFETF (Bit 17): Discharge FET Failure
1 = Detected
0 = Not Detected
CFETF (Bit 16): Charge FET Failure
1 = Detected
0 = Not Detected
VIMR (Bit 12): Voltage Imbalance While Pack Is At Rest Failure
1 = Detected
0 = Not Detected
VIMA (Bit 11): Voltage Imbalance While Pack Is Active Failure
1 = Detected
0 = Not Detected
SOV (Bit 1): Safety Cell Overvoltage Failure
1 = Detected
0 = Not Detected
12.2.30 AltManufacturerAccess() 0x0054 OperationStatus

This command returns the OperationStatus() flags on MACData().

Activate 0x0054 to AltManufacturerAccess() Outputs OperationStatus() flags on MACData()
31 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16
CAL_
EM SLP SLP SMBL SLEE AUTO
RSVD RSVD CB INIT XL OFF CAL AUTH RSVD SDM
SHUT CC AD CAL PM CALM
SET
15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
SLEE BTP
SEC1 SEC0 PF SS SDV SEC1 SEC0 RSVD RSVD RSVD RSVD CHG DSG RSVD
P _INT

EMSHUT (Bit 29): Emergency FET Shutdown
1 = Active
0 = Inactive
CB (Bit 28): Cell Balancing

1 = Active
0 = Inactive
SLPCC (Bit 27): CC Measurement in SLEEP mode
1 = Active
0 = Inactive
SLPAD (Bit 26): ADC Measurement in SLEEP mode
1 = Active
0 = Inactive
SMBLCAL (Bit 25): Auto-offset calibration when Bus low is detected.
1 = Active
0 = Inactive
INIT (Bit 24): Initialization after full reset
1 = Active
0 = Inactive
SLEEPM (Bit 23): SLEEP mode
1 = Active
0 = Inactive
XL (Bit 22): 400-kHz mode
1 = Active
0 = Inactive
CAL_OFFSET (Bit 21): Calibration Output (raw CC Offset data)
1 = Active when MAC OutputShortedCCADCCal() is sent and the raw shorted CC data for
calibration is available.
0 = When the raw shorted CC data for calibration is not available.
CAL (Bit 20): Calibration Output (raw ADC and CC data)
1 = Active when either the MAC OutputCCADCCal() or OutputShortedCCADCCal() is sent and
the raw CC and ADC data for calibration is available.
0 = When the raw CC and ADC data for calibration is not available.
AUTHCALM (Bit 19): Auto CC Offset Calibration by MAC AutoCCOffset()
1 = The gauge receives the MAC AutoCCOffset() and starts the auto CC Offset calibration.
0 = Clear when the calibration is completed.
AUTH (Bit 18): Authentication in progress
1 = Active
0 = Inactive
SDM (Bit 16): SHUTDOWN triggered via command
1 = Active
0 = Inactive
SLEEP (Bit 15): SLEEP mode conditions met
1 = Active
0 = Inactive
SEC1, SEC0 (Bits 14, 13): SECURITY Mode
0, 0 = Reserved
0, 1 = Full Access
1, 0 = Unsealed

1, 1 = Sealed
PF (Bit 12): PERMANENT FAILURE mode status
1 = Active
0 = Inactive
SS (Bit 11): SAFETY mode status
1 = Active
0 = Inactive
SDV (Bit 10): SHUTDOWN triggered via low pack voltage
1 = Active
0 = Inactive
SEC1, SEC0 (Bits 9–8): SECURITY mode
0, 0 = Reserved
0, 1 = Full Access
1, 0 = Unsealed
1, 1 = Sealed
BTP_INT (Bit 7): Battery Trip Point (BTP) Interrupt output
1 = Active
0 = Inactive
CHG (Bit 2): CHG FET status
1 = Active
0 = Inactive
DSG (Bit 1): DSG FET status
1 = Active
0 = Inactive
12.2.31 AltManufacturerAccess() 0x0055 ChargingStatus

This command returns the ChargingStatus() flags on MACData().

Activate 0x0055 to AltManufacturerAccess() Outputs ChargingStatus() flags on MACData()
15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
VCT MCHG SU IN HV MV LV PV RSVD OT HT STH RT STL LT UT
VCT (Bit 15): Charge Termination

1 = Active
0 = Inactive
MCHG (Bit 14): Maintenance Charge
1 = Active
0 = Inactive
SU (Bit 13): Charge Suspend
1 = Active

0 = Inactive
IN (Bit 12): Charge Inhibit
1 = Active
0 = Inactive
HV (Bit 11): High Voltage Region
1 = Active
0 = Inactive
MV (Bit 10): Mid Voltage Region
1 = Active
0 = Inactive
LV (Bit 9): Low Voltage Region
1 = Active
0 = Inactive
PV (Bit 8): Precharge Voltage Region
1 = Active
0 = Inactive
OT (Bit 6): Over Temperature Region
1 = Active
0 = Inactive
HT (Bit 5): High Temperature Region
1 = Active
0 = Inactive
STH (Bit 4): Standard Temperature High Region
1 = Active
0 = Inactive
RT (Bit 3): Room Temperature Region
1 = Active
0 = Inactive
STL (Bit 2): Standard Temperature Low Region
1 = Active
0 = Inactive
LT (Bit 1): Low Temperature Region
1 = Active
0 = Inactive
UT (Bit 0): Under Temperature Region
1 = Active
0 = Inactive
12.2.32 AltManufacturerAccess() 0x0056 GaugingStatus

This command returns the GaugingStatus() flags on MACData().
NOTE: The Battery Management Studio (bqStudio) tool splits the returned value of GaugingStatus()
into two separate registers: GaugingStatus = Lowest Byte, and ITStatus = 2nd and 3rd bytes,
with the 4th byte reserved.

Activate 0x0056 to AltManufacturerAccess() Outputs GaugingStatus() flags on MACData()
31 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16
OCV
RSVD RSVD RSVD RSVD RSVD RSVD RSVD RSVD RSVD RSVD RSVD LDMD RX QMax VDQ
FR
15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
SLPQ BAL_
NSFM RSVD QEN VOK RDIS RSVD REST CF DSG EDV TC TD FC FD
Max EN
OCVFR (Bit 20): Open Circuit Voltage in Flat Region (during RELAX)
1 = Detected
0 = Not Detected
LDMD (Bit 19): LOAD mode
1 = Constant Power
0 = Constant Current
RX (Bit 18): Resistance Update (Toggles after every resistance update)
QMax (Bit 17): QMax Update (Toggles after every QMax update)
VDQ (Bit 16): Discharge Qualified for Learning (based on RU flag)
NSFM (Bit 15): Negative Scale Factor Mode
1 = Negative Ra Scaling Factor Detected
0 = Negative Ra Scaling Factor Not Detected
SLPQMax (Bit 13): QMax Update During Sleep
1 = Active
0 = Inactive
QEN (Bit 12): Impedance Track Gauging (Ra and QMax updates are enabled.)
1 = Enabled
0 = Disabled
VOK (Bit 11): Voltage OK for QMax Update
1 = Detected
0 = Not Detected
RDIS (Bit 10): Resistance Updates
1 = Disabled
0 = Enabled
REST (Bit 9): Rest
1 = OCV Reading Taken
0 = OCV Reading Not Taken or Not in Relax
1 = Detected
0 = Not Detected
CF (Bit 7): Condition Flag
1 = MaxError() > Max Error Limit (Condition Cycle is needed.)
0 = MaxError() < Max Error Limit (Condition Cycle is not needed.)
DSG (Bit 6): Discharge/Relax
1 = Charging Not Detected
0 = Charging Detected

EDV (Bit 5): End-of-Discharge Termination Voltage

1 = Termination voltage reached during discharge
0 = Termination voltage not reached or not in DISCHARGE mode
BAL_EN (Bit 4): Cell Balancing
1 = Cell balancing is possible if enabled.
0 = Cell balancing is not allowed.
TC (Bit 3): Terminate Charge
1 = Detected
0 = Not Detected
TD (Bit 2): Terminate Discharge
1 = Detected
0 = Not Detected
FC (Bit 1): Fully Charged
1 = Detected
0 = Not Detected
FD (Bit 0): Fully Discharged
1 = Detected
0 = Not Detected
12.2.33 AltManufacturerAccess() 0x0057 ManufacturingStatus

This command returns the ManufacturingStatus() flags on MACData().

Activate 0x0057 to AltManufacturerAccess() Outputs ManufacturingStatus() flags on MACData()
15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8
CAL_EN RSVD RSVD RSVD RSVD RSVD RSVD RSVD
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
RSVD PF_EN LF_EN FET_EN GAUGE_EN DSG_TEST CHG_TEST RSVD
CAL_EN (Bit 15): CALIBRATION Mode

1 = Enabled
0 = Disabled
PF_EN (Bit 6): Permanent Failure
1 = Enabled
0 = Disabled
LF_EN (Bit 5): Lifetime Data Collection
1 = Enabled
0 = Disabled
FET_EN (Bit 4): All FET Action
1 = Enabled
0 = Disabled
GAUGE_EN (Bit 3): Gas Gauging

1 = Enabled
0 = Disabled
DSG_TEST (Bit 2): Discharge FET Test
1 = Discharge FET test activated
0 = Disabled
CHG_TEST (Bit 1): Charge FET Test
1 = Charge FET test activated
0 = Disabled
12.2.34 AltManufacturerAccess() 0x0058 AFE Register

This command returns the AFERegister() values on MACData(). These are the AFE hardware registers
and are intended for internal debug use only.

Output AFE Register values on MACData() in the following
format:
AABBCCDDEEFFGGHHIIJJKKLLMMNNOOPPQQRRSSTTUU
where:
AA: AFE Interrupt Status. AFE Hardware interrupt status (for
example, wake time, push-button, and so on)
BB: AFE FET Status. AFE FET status (for example, CHG FET,
DSG FET, input, and so on)
CC: AFE RXIN. AFE I/O port input status
DD:AFE Latch Status. AFE protection latch status
EE: AFE Interrupt Enable. AFE interrupt control settings
FF: AFE Control. AFE FET control enable setting
GG: AFE RXIEN. AFE I/O input enable settings
HH:
Activate 0x0058 to AltManufacturerAccess()
II:
JJ:
KK: AFE Cell Balance. AFE cell balancing enable settings and
status
LL: AFE ADC/CC Control. AFE ADC/CC Control settings
MM: AFE ADC Mux. AFE ADC channel selections
NN:
OO: AFE Control. AFE control on various HW based features
PP: AFE Timer Control. AFE comparator and timer control
QQ: AFE Protection. AFE protection delay time control
RR: AFE OCD. AFE OCD settings
SS: AFE SCC. AFE SCC settings
TT: AFE SCD1. AFE SCD1 settings
UU: AFE SCD2. AFE SCD2 settings
12.2.35 AltManufacturerAccess() 0x0060 Lifetime Data Block 1

This command returns the Lifetime data on MACData().

Outputs lifetime data values of Voltage, Current, Power, and
Temperature on MACData()
12.2.36 AltManufacturerAccess() 0x0070 ManufacturerInfo

This command returns ManufacturerInfo on MACData().


Outputs 32 bytes of ManufacturerInfo on MACData() in the
Activate 0x0070 to AltManufacturerAccess() following format: AABBCCDDEEFFGGHHIIJJKKLLMMNN
OOPPQQRRSSTTUUVVWWXXVVZZ112233 445566
12.2.37 AltManufacturerAccess() 0x0071 DAStatus1

This command returns the CellVoltages, PackVoltage, BatVoltage, CellCurrents, CellPowers, Power, and
AveragePower on MACData().

Outputs 32 bytes of data on MACData() in the following format:
aaAAbbBBccCCddDDeeEEffFFggGGhhHHiiIIjjJJkkKKllLLmmM
MnnNNooOOppPP where:
AAaa: Cell Voltage 1
BBbb: Cell Voltage 2
CCcc:
DDdd:
EEee: BAT Voltage. Voltage at the VC2 (BAT) terminal
FFff: PACK Voltage
GGgg: Cell Current 1. Simultaneous current measured during
Cell Voltage1 measurement
HHhh: Cell Current 2. Simultaneous current measured during
Cell Voltage2 measurement
IIii:
JJjj:
KKkk: Cell Power 1. Calculated using Cell Voltage1 and Cell
Current 1 data
LLll: Cell Power 2. Calculated using Cell Voltage2 and Cell
Current 2 data
MMmm:
NNnn:
OOoo: Power calculated by Voltage() × Current()
PPpp: Average Power. Calculated by Voltage() ×
AverageCurrent()
12.2.38 AltManufacturerAccess() 0x0072 DAStatus2

This command returns the internal temp sensor, TS1MACData().

Outputs 14 bytes of temperature data values on MacData() in the
following format: aaAAbbBBccCCddDDeeEEffFFggGG where:
AAaa: Int Temperature
BBbb: TS1 Temperature
Activate 0x0072 to AltManufacturerAccess() CCcc:
DDdd:
EEee:
FFff:
GGgg:
12.2.39 AltManufacturerAccess() 0x0073 ITStatus1

This command instructs the device to return Impedance Track related gauging information on MACData().

Outputs 24 bytes of IT data values on MACData() in the
following format:
aaAAbbBBccCCddDDeeEEffFFggGGhhHHiiIIjjJJkkKKllLL
where:
AAaa: True Rem Q. True remaining capacity in mAh from IT
simulation before any filtering or smoothing function. This value
can be negative or higher than FCC.
BBbb: True Rem E. True remaining energy in cWh from IT
simulation before any filtering or smoothing function. This value
can be negative or higher than FCC.
CCcc: Initial Q. Initial capacity calculated from IT simulation
DDdd: Initial E. Initial energy calculated from IT simulation
EEee: TrueFullChgQ. True full charge capacity
FFff: TrueFullChgE. True full charge energy
GGgg: T_sim. Temperature during the last simulation run (in
0.1K)
HHhh: T_ambient. Current estimated ambient temperature used
by the IT algorithm for thermal modeling
IIii: RaScale 0. Ra table scaling factor of Cell1
JJjj: RaScale 1. Ra table scaling factor of Cell2
KKkk: CompRes1. Last computed resistance for Cell1
LLll: CompRes2. Last computed resistance for Cell2


following format:
AABBCCDDEEFFggGGhhHHiiIIjjJJkkKKllLLmmMMnnNNooOO
where:
AA: Pack Grid. Active pack grid point (only valid in discharge)
BB: LStatus—Learned status of resistance table
Bit 3 | Bit 2 | Bit 1| Bit 0
QMax | ITEN | CF1 | CF0
CF1, CF0: QMax Status
0,0 = Battery OK
0,1 = QMax is first updated in learning cycle.
1,0 = QMax and resistance table updated in learning cycle
ITEN: IT enable
0 = IT disabled
1 = IT enabled
QMax: QMax field updates
0 = QMax is not updated in the field.
1= QMax is updated in the field.
CC: Cell Grid 1. Active grid point of Cell1
DD: Cell Grid 2. Active grid point of Cell2
EE: N/A. RSVD
FF: N/A. RSVD
HHhhGGgg: State Time. Time passed since last state change
(Discharge, Charge, Rest)
IIii: DOD0_1. Depth of discharge for Cell1
JJjj: DOD0_2. Depth of discharge for Cell2
KKkk: DOD0 Passed Q. Passed charge since DOD0
LLll: DOD0 Passed Energy. Passed energy since the last DOD0
update
MMmm: DOD0 Time. Time passed since the last DOD0 update
NNnn: DODEOC_1. Cell 1 DOD@EOC
OOoo: DODEOC_2. Cell 2 DOD@EOC



following format:
aaAAbbBBccCCddDDeeEEffFFggGGhhHHIiiIIjjJJ where:
AAaa: QMax 1. QMax of Cell 1
BBbb: QMax 2. QMax of Cell 2
CCcc: QMaxDOD0_1. Cell 1 DOD for Qmax
DDdd: QMaxDOD0_2. Cell 2 DOD for Qmax
Activate 0x0075 to AltManufacturerAccess() EEee: QMaxPassedQ. Passed charge since DOD for Qmax
recorded (mAh)
FFff: QMaxTime. Time since DOD for Qmax recorded (hour /
16 units)
GGgg: Tk. Thermal model “k”
HHhh: Ta. Thermal model “a”
IIii: RawDOD0_1. Cell 1 raw DOD0 measurement
JJjj: RawDOD0_2. Cell 2 raw DOD0 measurement
12.2.42 AltManufacturerAccess() 0x0076 CB Status

This command returns the status of the cell being balanced.

0x0076 to AltManufacturerAccess() Outputs 10 bytes of IT data values on MACData() in the following
format:
aaAAbbBBccCCddDDeeEE
AAaa: CBTime1. Cell 1 balance time remaining
Enable BBbb: CBTime2. Cell 2 balance time remaining
CCcc: CBDOD_1. Cell 1 DOD when balance calculated
DDdd: CBDOD_2. Cell 2 DOD when balance calculated
EEee: CBTotalDODChg. Total DOD charge when balance
calculated
12.2.43 AltManufacturerAccess() 0x0077 State-of-Health

This command returns the state-of-health percentage.

Returns the state-of-health percentage on subsequent read on
MACData()
12.2.44 AltManufacturerAccess() 0x0F00 ROM Mode

This command sends the device into ROM mode in preparation for reprogramming.

Device goes to ROM mode ready for update. ROM command
OperationStatus()[SEC1,SEC0] = 0,1 AND
ROM Mode 0x08 will return to firmware mode. (Note: ROM commands are
0x0F00 to AltManufacturerAccess()
sent to address 0x16 using SMB protocol.)
12.2.45 Data Flash Access() 0x4000–0x5FFF

Accessing data flash (DF) is only supported by the AltManufacturerAccess() by addressing the physical
address.
To write to the DF, send the starting address, followed by the DF data block. The DF data block is the
intended revised DF data to be updated to DF. The size of the DF data block ranges from 1 byte to 32
bytes. All individual data must be sent in Little Endian.
Write to DF example:

Assuming: data1 locates at address 0x4000 and data2 locates at address 0x4002.
Both data1 and data2 are U2 type.
To update data1 and data2, send a block write with command = 0x3E
block = starting address + DF data block
= 0x00 + 0x40 + data1_LowByte + data1_HighByte + data2_LowByte + data2_HighByte
To read the DF, send a block write to the AltManufacturerAccess(), followed by the starting address, then
send a block read to the AltManufacturerAccess(). The return data contains the starting address followed
by 32 bytes of DF data in Little Endian.
Read from DF example:

Taking the same assuming from the read DF example, to read DF:
a. Send the write block with command 0x3E, block = 0x00 + 0x40
b. Send the read block with command 0x3E
The returned block = a starting address + 32 bytes of DF dat
= 0x00 + 0x40 + data1_LowByte + data1_HighByte + data2_LowByte + data2_HighByte....
data32_LowByte + data32_HighByte
The gauge supports an auto-increment on the address during a DF read. This greatly reduces the time
required to read out the entire DF. Continue with the read from the DF example. If another read block is
sent with command 0x3E, the gauge returns another 32 bytes of DF data, starting with address 0x4020.
12.2.46 AltManufacturerAccess() 0xF080 Exit Calibration Output Mode

This command stops the output of calibration data to the MACData() command.

MACData() = 1 AND 0xF080 to
Activate Stops output of ADC or CC data on MACData()
AltManufacturerAccess()
12.2.47 AltManufacturerAccess() 0xF081 Output CC and ADC for Calibration

This command instructs the device to output the raw values for calibration purposes on MACData(). All
values are updated every 250 ms and the format of each value is 2's complement, MSB first.

ManufacturingStatus()[CAL] = 1 AND 0xF080 ManufacturingStatus()[CAL] = 0
Disable
to AltManufacturerAccess() Stops output of ADC and CC data on MACData()
Outputs the raw CC and AD values on MACData() in the
format of ZZYYaaAAbbBBccCCddDDeeEEffFF
ggGGhhHHiiIIjjJJkkKK:
ZZ: rolling 8-bit counter, increments when values are
refreshed.
YY: status, 1 when AltManufacturerAccess() = 0xF081, 2
when AltManufacturerAccess() = 0xF082
AAaa: Current (Coulomb Counter)
Enable 0xF081 to AltManufacturerAccess() BBaa: Cell Voltage 1
CCaa: Cell Voltage 2
DDaa:
EEee:
FFff:PACK Voltage
GGgg: VC2 (BAT) Voltage
HHhh: Cell Current 1
IIii: Cell Current 2
JJjj:
KKkk:

12.2.48 AltManufacturerAccess() 0xF082 Output Shorted CC and ADC for Calibration

This command instructs the device to output the raw values for calibration purposes on
AltManufacturerAccess() or MACData(). All values are updated every 250 ms and the format of each
value is 2's complement, MSB first. This mode includes an internal short on the coulomb counter inputs for
measuring offset.

ManufacturingStatus()[CAL] = 1 AND
Disable Stops output of ADC and CC data on
0xF080 to AltManufacturerAccess()
AltManufacturerAccess() or MACData()
Outputs the raw CC and AD values on
AltManufacturerAccess() or MACData() in the format of
ZZYYaaAAbbBBccCCddDDeeEEffFF
ggGGhhHHiiIIjjJJkkKK:
ZZ: rolling 8-bit counter, increments when values are
refreshed.
YY: status, 1 when AltManufacturerAccess() = 0xF081, 2
when AltManufacturerAccess() = 0xF082
AAaa: Current (Coulomb Counter)
Enable 0xF081 to AltManufacturerAccess()
BBaa: Cell Voltage 1
CCaa: Cell Voltage 2
DDaa:
EEee:
FFff:PACK Voltage
GGgg: VC2 (BAT) Voltage
HHhh: Cell Current 1
IIii: Cell Current 2
JJjj:
KKkk:

Chapter 13
Data Flash Values
13.1 Data Formats
13.1.1 Unsigned Integer

Unsigned integers are stored without changes as 1-byte, 2-byte, or 4-byte values in Little Endian byte
order.
0
U1
MSB
0 1
U2 U2
LSB MSB
0 1 2 3
U4 L U4 L U4 H U4 H
LSB MSB LSB MSB
13.1.2 Integer
Integer values are stored in 2's-complement format in 1-byte, 2-byte, or 4-byte values in Little Endian byte
order.
0
I1
MSB
0 1
I2 I2
LSB MSB
0 1 2 3
I4 L I4 L I4 H I4 H
LSB MSB LSB MSB
13.1.3 Floating Point

Floating point values are stored using the IEEE754 Single Precision 4-byte format in Little Endian byte
order.
0 1 2 3
Exp[0] +
Fract [0–7] Fract [8–15] Sign + Exp[1–7]
Fract[16–22]
SLUUA65D – April 2014 – Revised January 2020 Data Flash Values 87

Data Formats www.ti.com
Where:
Exp: 8-bit exponent stored with an offset bias of 127. The values 00 and FF have special meaning.
Fract: 23-bit fraction. If the exponent is > 0, then the mantissa is 1.fract. If the exponent is zero, then the
mantissa is 0.fract.
The floating point value depends on the special cases of the exponent:
• If the exponent is FF and the fraction is zero, this represents +/– infinity.
• If the exponent is FF and the fraction is non-zero this represents "not a number" (NaN).
• If the exponent is 00 then the value is a subnormal number represented by (–1)sign × 2–126 × 0.fraction.
• Otherwise, the value is a normalized number represented by (–1)sign × 2(exponent – 127) × 1.fraction.
13.1.4 Hex
Bit register definitions are stored in unsigned integer format.
13.1.5 String
String values are stored with length byte first, followed by a number of data bytes defined with the length
byte.
0 1 ... N
Length Data0 ... DataN
13.2 Calibration
13.2.1 Voltage
Class Subclass Name Type Min Max Default Unit Description

Calibration Voltage Cell Gain I2 –32768 32767 12101 (1) — VC[n]–VC[n–1] gain
Calibration Voltage PACK Gain U2 0 65535 49669 (1) — PACK–VSS gain
Calibration Voltage VC2 (BAT) Gain U2 0 65535 48936 (1) — VC2 (BAT)–VSS gain
(1)
Setting this value to 0 causes the gauge to use the internal factory calibration default.
13.2.2 Current
Class Subclass Name Type Min Max Default Description

Calibration Current CC Gain F4 1.00E–001 4.00E+000 3.58422 Coulomb Counter Gain
Calibration Current Capacity Gain F4 2.98E+004 1.19E+006 106903.5 Capacity Gain
13.2.3 Current Offset

Calibration Current Offset CC Offset I2 –32768 32767 0 — Coulomb Counter Offset
Coulomb
Coulomb Counter Offset Samples used for
Calibration Current Offset Counter Offset U2 0 65535 64 —
averaging
Samples
Calibration Current Offset Board Offset I2 –32768 32767 0 — PCB board offset
88 Data Flash Values SLUUA65D – April 2014 – Revised January 2020

www.ti.com Calibration
Bit 0: AUTO_CAL_EN: Auto CC Offset
calibration enable
0 = Disabled Auto CC calibration offset
1 = Firmware will perform auto CC calibration
on entry into SLEEP mode. A min auto CC
calibration interval is set to 10 hrs to prevent
false wear out. The result is saved to CC
Auto Offset.
Bit 1: AUTO_NESTON: NEST Circuit ON
0 = HW NEST circuit is always on. Individual
Calibration Current Offset CC Auto Config H1 00 07 03 hex cell current measurement may have an error
relative to Current(), but the Current()
accuracy is not impacted.
1 = When [OFFSET_TAKEN] = 1, FW
automatically controls the HW NEST circuit for
best current and cell current measurements.
Bit 2: OFFSET_TAKEN: CC Auto Offset is
taken.
0 = CC Auto Offset has not been measured.
1 = CC Auto Offset has been measured.
Bit 3 to Bit 7: Reserved
CC Offset collected via CC Auto Calibration.
Calibration Current Offset CC Auto Offset I2 –10000 10000 0 Used for cell current measurement and is
different than CC Offset.
13.2.4 Current Deadband

Current
Calibration Deadband U1 0 255 3 mA Pack-based deadband to report 0 mA
Deadband
Coulomb
Current Coulomb counter deadband to report 0 charge
Calibration Counter U1 0 255 9 116 nV
Deadband (This setting should not be modified.)
Deadband
13.2.5 Temperature

Internal Temp
Calibration Temperature I1 –128 127 0 0.1°C Internal temperature sensor reading offset
Offset
External 1
Calibration Temperature I1 –128 127 0 0.1°C TS1 temperature sensor reading offset
Temp Offset
13.2.6 Internal Temp Model

Internal Temp
Calibration Int Gain I2 –32768 32768 –12143 — Internal temperature gain
Model
Internal Temp
Calibration Int Base Offset I2 –32768 32768 6232 — Internal temperature base offset
Model
Internal Temp
Calibration Int Minimum AD I2 –32768 32768 0 — Minimum AD count used for calculation
Model
Internal Temp Int Maximum
Calibration I2 –32768 32768 6232 0.1 °K Maximum Temperature boundary
Model Temp
13.2.7 Cell Temp Model

Cell Temp
Calibration Coefficient a1 I2 –32768 32768 –11130 — Cell Temperature calculation polynomial a1
Model
Cell Temp
Calibration Coefficient a2 I2 –32768 32768 19142 — Cell Temperature calculation polynomial a2
Model
Cell Temp
Calibration Coefficient a3 I2 –32768 32768 –19262 — Cell Temperature calculation polynomial a3
Model
Cell Temp
Model

Settings www.ti.com

Cell Temp
Model
Cell Temp
Calibration Coefficient b1 I2 –32768 32768 328 — Cell Temperature calculation polynomial b1
Model
Cell Temp
Calibration Coefficient b2 I2 –32768 32768 –605 — Cell Temperature calculation polynomial b2
Model
Cell Temp
Calibration Coefficient b3 I2 –32768 32768 –2443 — Cell Temperature calculation polynomial b3
Model
Cell Temp
Calibration Coefficient b4 I2 –32768 32768 4969 — Cell Temperature calculation polynomial b4
Model
Cell Temp
Calibration Rc0 I2 –32768 32768 11703 Ω Resistance at 25°C
Model
Cell Temp
Calibration Adc0 I2 –32768 32768 11703 — ADC reading at 25°C
Model
Cell Temp Pad Resistance (0 to use factory
Calibration Rpad I2 –32768 32768 0 (1) Ω
Model calibration)
Cell Temp Pullup resistor resistance (0 to use factory
Calibration Rint I2 –32768 32768 0 (1) Ω
Model calibration)
(1)
Setting this value to 0 causes the gauge to use the internal factory calibration default.
13.3 Settings
13.3.1 Configuration

Bit 0: Reserved
Bit 1: Reserved
Bit 2: OTFET—FET action in OVERTEMPERATURE mode
0 = No FET action for overtemperature condition (default)
1 = CHG and DSG FETs will be turned off for overtemperature
conditions.
Bit 3: CHGSU—FET action in CHARGE SUSPEND mode
0 = FET active (default)
1 = Charging or Precharging disabled, FET off
Settings Configuration FET Options H1 0x00 0xFF 0x20 Bit 4: CHGIN—FET action in CHARGE INHIBIT mode
Bit 5: CHGFET—FET action on valid charge termination
Bit 6: SLEEPCHG—CHG FET enabled during sleep
0 = CHG FET off during sleep (default)
1 = CHG FET remains on during sleep
Bit 7: Reserved
Bit 0: RSOCL—RelativeStateOfCharge() and RemainingCapacity()
behavior at end of charge
0 = Actual value shown (default)
1 = Held at 99% until valid charge termination. On entering valid
charge termination update to 100%
Bit 1: RSOC_HOLD—Prevent RSOC from increasing during discharge
Gauging 0 = RSOC not limited
Settings Configuration H1 0x00 0x0F 0x04
Configuration 1 = RSOC not allowed to increase during discharge
Bit 2: LOCK0—Keep RemainingCapacity() and
RelativeStateOfCharge() from jumping back during relaxation after 0
was reached during discharge.
0 = Disabled (default)
1 = Enabled
Bit 7:3: Reserved
Bit 0: BCAST—Enable charging broadcast from device to smart
charger
0 = Disabled
1 = Enabled (default)
Bit 1: Reserved
Bit 2: Reserved
Bit 3: XL—Enable 400-kHz COM mode
0 = Normal bus speed (default)
1 = 400-kHz bus speed (slave mode)
Settings Configuration I2C Configuration H1 0x00 0xFF 0x01
Bit 5:4: Reserved
Bit 6: TO_STRETCH_EN—Enable bus timeouts (15-ms clock high
and 25ms clock low)
1 = Enabled
Bit 7: FLASH_BUSY_WAIT—Enable clock stretching during a flash
program or erase operation
1 = Enabled

www.ti.com Settings
Bit 0: AUTO_SHIP_EN—Automatically shut down for shipment
0 = Disable auto shutdown feature (default)
1 = Enable auto shutdown after device is in SLEEP mode without
communication for a set period of time.
Bit 3: 1: Reserved
Bit 4: SLP_ACCUM—Enable sleep charge accumulation
Settings Configuration Power Configuration H1 0x00 0x01 0x00
1 = Enable sleep charge accumulation
0 = Disable sleep charge accumulation (default)
Bit 5: SLEEPWKCHG—Enable sleep wake charge feature
1 = Enable sleep wake charge feature
0 = Disable sleep wake charge feature (default)
Bit 7: 6: Reserved
Bit 0: TDSETV—Enable TD flag set by cell voltage threshold
1 = Enabled
Bit 1: TDCLEARV—Enable TD flag clear by cell voltage threshold
1 = Enabled
Bit 2: TDSETRSOC—Enable TD flag set by RSOC threshold
0 = Disabled
Bit 3: TDCLEARRSOC—Enable TD flag clear by RSOC threshold
0 = Disabled
Bit 4: TCSETV—Enable TC flag set by cell voltage threshold
1 = Enabled
Bit 5: TCCLEARV—Enable TC flag clear by cell voltage threshold
Settings Configuration SOC Flag Config A H2 0x0000 0xFFFF 0x0C8C 0 = Disabled (default)
1 = Enabled
Bit 6: TCSETRSOC—Enable TC flag set by RSOC threshold
1 = Enabled
Bit 7: TCCLEARRSOC—Enable TC flag clear by RSOC threshold
0 = Disabled
Bit 8: Reserved
Bit 9: Reserved
Bit 10: FCSETVCT—Enable FC flag set by primary charge termination
0 = Disabled
Bit 11: TCSETVCT—Enable TC flag set by primary charge termination
0 = Disabled
Bit 15: 12: Reserved
Bit 0: FDSETV—Enable FD flag set by cell voltage threshold
1 = Enabled
Bit 1: FDCLEARV—Enable FD flag clear by cell voltage threshold
1 = Enabled
Bit 2: FDSETRSOC—Enable FD flag set by RSOC threshold
0 = Disabled
Bit 3: FDCLEARRSOC—Enable FD flag clear by RSOC threshold
0 = Disabled
Settings Configuration SOC Flag Config B H1 0x0000 0x00FF 0x008C
Bit 4: FCSETV—Enable FC flag set by cell voltage threshold
1 = Enabled
Bit 5: FCCLEARV—Enable FC flag clear by cell voltage threshold
1 = Enabled
Bit 6: FCSETRSOC—Enable FC flag set by RSOC threshold
1 = Enabled
Bit 7: FCCLEARRSOC—Enable FC flag clear by RSOC threshold
0 = Disabled
Bit 0: CRATE—ChargeCurrent rate
0 = No adjustment to ChargingCurrent() (default)
Charging
Settings Configuration H1 0x00 0x3F 0x00 1 = ChargingCurrent() adjusted based on
Configuration
FullChargeCapacity()/DesignCapacity()
Bit 7:1: Reserved
Bit 0: internal TS— Enable Internal TS
0 = Disable internal TS (default)
1 = Enable internal TS
Settings Configuration Temperature Enable H1 0x00 0x03 0x03 Bit 1: TS1—Enable TS1
0 = Disable TS1
1 = Enable TS1 (default)
Bit 7:2: Reserved

Settings www.ti.com

Bit 0: CC0—Cell Count
0 = 1 cell
1 = 2 cell
Bit 1: Reserved
Bit 2: Reserved
Bit 3: IN_SYSTEM_SLEEP—In-system SLEEP mode
0 = Disable (default)
1 = Enable
Settings Configuration DA Configuration H1 0x00 0xFF 0x11
Bit 4: SLEEP—SLEEP Mode
0 = Disable SLEEP mode
1 = Enable SLEEP mode (default)
Bit 5: Reserved
Bit 6: CTEMP—Cell Temperature protection source
0 = MAX (default)
1 = Average
Bit 7: Reserved
Bit 0: CCT—Cycle count threshold
0 = Use CC % of DesignCapacity() (default)
1 = Use CC % of FullChargeCapacity()
Bit 1: CSYNC—Sync RemainingCapacity() with FullChargeCapacity()
at valid charge termination
0 = Not synchronized
1 = Synchronized (default)
Bit 2: RFACTSTEP—Allow Ra update to limit before disqualifying
further updates
0 = If (new Ra)/(old Ra) > 3, Ra update is not completed, and Ra
updates are disabled.
1 = If (new Ra)/(old Ra) > 3, one Ra update is completed limited to
factor of 3, and further Ra updates are disabled.
IT Gauging Bit 3: OCVFR—Open Circuit Voltage Flat Region
Settings Configuration H2 0x0000 0xFFFF 0xD4DE
Configuration 0 = Disabled
Bit 4: Reserved
Bit 5: Reserved
Bit 6: RSOC_CONV—See Section 6.6.
Bit 7: FAST_QMax_LRN—See Section 6.6.
Bit 8: FAST_Qmax_FLD—See Section 6.6.
Bit 9: CELL_TERM—See Section 6.6.
Bit 10: FF_NEAR_EDV—See Section 6.6.
Bit 11: RELAX_JUMP_OK—See Section 6.6
Bit 12: SMOOTH—See Section 6.6.
Bit 13: Reserved
Bit 14: Reserved
Bit 15: Reserved
Bit 0: CB—Cell balancing
0 = Cell balancing disabled
1 = Cell balancing enabled (default)
Balancing Bit 1: Reserved
Settings Configuration H1 0x00 0xFF 0x01
Configuration Bit 2: CBR—Cell balancing at rest
0 = Cell balancing at rest is disabled (default).
1 = Cell balancing at rest is enabled.
Bit 7:3: Reserved
13.3.2 Charger
NOTE: The BROADCAST mode feature is available in the latest firmware version in the BQ28Z610
product folder on TI.com: It is not included in the shipped version.
The following data flash parameters enable the configuration of the BROADCAST mode feature. This
feature is disabled by default because not all host MCU/CPUs are compatible with multi-master I2C
operation, and collisions could hang the host's comm engine.

Sets the address of slave device for BROADCAST
Settings Charger Device Address H1 0 FF D4 hex
mode
BROADCAST mode: Sets the 2-byte address and data
Settings Charger Voltage Register H1 0 FF 0C hex information to transmit to the slave device for charger
output voltage setting
BROADCAST mode: Sets the 2-byte address and data
Settings Charger Current Register H1 0 FF 0A hex information to transmit to the slave device for charger
output current setting
Broadcast
Settings Charger U1 0 255 15 s BROADCAST mode: Period for broadcast
Pacing

www.ti.com Settings
13.3.3 Protection

Bit 0: Reserved
Bit 1: CUV_RECOV_CHG—Require charge to recover
Protection SafetyStatus()[CUV]
Settings Protection H1 0x00 0xFF 0x00
Configuration 0 = Disabled
Bit 7:2: Reserved
Bit 0: CUV—Cell Undervoltage
0 = Disabled
Bit 1: COV—Cell Overvoltage
0 = Disabled
Bit 2: OCC—Overcurrent in Charge
Enabled 0 = Disabled
Settings Protection H1 0x00 0xFF 0x57
Protections A 1 = Enabled (default)
Bit 3: Reserved
Bit 4: OCD—Overcurrent in Discharge
0 = Disabled
Bit 5: Reserved
Bit 6: Reserved (will be 1)
Bit 7: Reserved
Bit 1: Reserved
Bit 3: Reserved
Bit 4: OTC—Overtemperature in charge
Enabled
Settings Protection H1 0x00 0xFF 0x35 0 = Disabled
Protections B
Bit 5: OTD—Overtemperature in discharge
0 = Disabled
Bit 7:6: Reserved
Bit 0: Reserved
Bit 1: Reserved
Bit 2: PTO—Precharging timeout
0 = Disabled
Enabled 1 = Enabled (default)
Settings Protection H1 0x00 0xFF 0x3C
Protections C Bit 3: Reserved
Bit 4: CTO—Charging timeout
0 = Disabled
Bit 7:5: Reserved
Bit 0: Reserved
Bit 1: Reserved
Bit 2: UTC—Undertemperature while charging
0 = Disabled
Enabled
Settings Protection H1 0x00 0xFF 0x0C 1 = Enabled (default)
Protections D
Bit 3: UTD—Undertemperature while not charging
0 = Disabled
Bit 7:4: Reserved
13.3.4 Permanent Failure

Bit 0: Reserved
Bit 1: SOV—Safety Cell Overvoltage
Permanent
Settings Enabled PF A H1 0x00 0xFF 0x00 0 = Disabled (default)
Failure
1 = Enabled
Bit 7: 2: Reserved
Bit 2: 0: Reserved
Bit 3: VIMR—Voltage Imbalance At Rest
Permanent 1 = Enabled
Settings Enabled PF B H1 0x00 0xFF 0x00
Failure Bit 4: VIMA—Voltage Imbalance At Active
1 = Enabled
Bit 7: 5: Reserved
Bit 0: CFETF—Charge FET Failure
1 = Enabled
Permanent
Settings Enabled PF C H1 0x00 0xFF 0x00 Bit 1: DFETF—Discharge FET Failure
Failure
1 = Enabled
Bit 7: 2: Reserved

Settings www.ti.com
13.3.5 AFE

Bit 0: RSNS—AOLD, ASCC, ASCD1, ASCD2 Thresholds
0 = 0.5 × AFE Protection Thresholds (default)
1 = Normal AFE Protection Thresholds
Bit 1: SCDDx2—Double SCD Delay Times
AFE Protection 0 = Normal SCD delay times (default)
Configuration AFE H1 0x00 0xFF 0x00
Control 1 = 2 × SCD delay times
Bits 2–3: Reserved
Bit 4–7: RSTRIM—"Unsupport" function. Should leave the
default setting 0x7. Changing this setting may cause an error
to the AFE current protection accuracy.
ZVCHG Exit Voltage() threshold in mV when the gauge will exit ZVCHG
Configuration AFE I2 0 8000 2200
Threshold mode when CFET is used for precharging.
13.3.6 Manufacturing

Bit 0: Reserved
Bit 1: Reserved
Bit 2: Reserved
Bit 3: GAUGE_EN—Gauging
1 = Enabled
Bit 4: FET_EN—FET action
Manufacturing 0 = Disabled (default)
Settings Manufacturing H2 0x0000 0xFFFF 0x0000
Status 1 = Enabled
Bit 5: LF_EN—Lifetime data collection
1 = Enabled
Bit 6: PF_EN—Permanent failure
1 = Enabled
Bit 15:7: Reserved
13.4 Advanced Charging Algorithms
13.4.1 Temperature Ranges

Advanced
Temperature
Charging T1 I1 –128 127 0 °C T1 low temperature range lower limit
Ranges
Algorithms
Advanced
Temperature T2 low temperature range to standard temperature
Charging T2 I1 –128 127 12 °C
Ranges range
Algorithms
Advanced
Temperature
Charging T5 I1 –128 127 20 °C T5 recommended temperature range lower limit
Ranges
Algorithms
Advanced
Temperature
Charging T6 I1 –128 127 25 °C T6 recommended temperature range upper limit
Ranges
Algorithms
Advanced
Temperature T3 standard temperature range to high
Charging T3 I1 –128 127 30 °C
Ranges temperature range
Algorithms
Advanced
Temperature
Charging T4 I1 –128 127 55 °C T4 high temperature range upper limit
Ranges
Algorithms
Advanced
Temperature Temperature Hysteresis, applied when
Charging Hysteresis I1 –128 127 1 °C
Ranges temperature is decreasing.
Algorithms

www.ti.com Advanced Charging Algorithms
13.4.2 Low Temp Charging

Advanced
Low Temp
Charging Voltage I2 0 32767 4000 mV Low temperature range ChargingVoltage()
Charging
Algorithms
Advanced
Low Temp Low temperature range low voltage range
Charging Current Low I2 0 32767 132 mA
Charging ChargingCurrent()
Algorithms
Advanced
Low Temp Low temperature range medium voltage range
Charging Current Med I2 0 32767 352 mA
Algorithms
Advanced
Low Temp Low temperature range high voltage range
Charging Current High I2 0 32767 264 mA
Algorithms
13.4.3 Standard Temp Charging

Advanced Standard
Charging Temp Voltage I2 0 32767 4200 mV Standard temperature range ChargingVoltage()
Algorithms Charging
Advanced Standard
Standard temperature range low voltage range
Charging Temp Current Low I2 0 32767 1980 mA
ChargingCurrent()
Algorithms Charging
Advanced Standard
Standard temperature range medium voltage
Charging Temp Current Med I2 0 32767 4004 mA
range ChargingCurrent()
Algorithms Charging
Advanced Standard
Standard temperature range high voltage
Charging Temp Current High I2 0 32767 2992 mA
range ChargingCurrent()
Algorithms Charging
13.4.4 High Temp Charging

Advanced
High Temp
Charging Voltage I2 0 32767 4000 mV High temperature range ChargingVoltage()
Charging
Algorithms
Advanced
High Temp High temperature range low voltage range
Algorithms
Advanced
High Temp High temperature range medium voltage range
Algorithms
Advanced
High Temp High temperature range high voltage range
Algorithms
13.4.5 Rec Temp Charging

Advanced
Rec Temp Recommended temperature range
Charging Voltage I2 0 32767 4100 mV
Charging ChargingVoltage()
Algorithms
Advanced
Rec Temp Recommended temperature range low voltage
Charging range ChargingCurrent()
Algorithms
Advanced
Rec Temp Recommended temperature range medium
Charging voltage range ChargingCurrent()
Algorithms

Advanced Charging Algorithms www.ti.com

Advanced
Rec Temp Recommended temperature range high
Charging voltage range ChargingCurrent()
Algorithms
13.4.6 Pre-Charging

Advanced
Charging PCHG Current I2 0 32767 88 mA Precharge ChargingCurrent()
Algorithms
13.4.7 Maintenance Charging

Advanced
Charging MCHG Current I2 0 32767 44 mA Maintenance ChargingCurrent()
Algorithms
13.4.8 Voltage Range

Threshold for
Advanced
Voltage entering Minimum Cell voltage to enter PRECHARGE
Charging I2 0 32767 2500 mV
Range precharge mode
Algorithms
state
Advanced
Voltage Charging Precharge Voltage range to Charging Voltage
Range Voltage Low Low range
Algorithms
Advanced
Voltage Charging Charging Voltage Low range to Charging
Range Voltage Med Voltage Med range
Algorithms
Advanced
Voltage Charging Charging Voltage Med to Charging Voltage
Range Voltage High High range
Algorithms
Advanced Charging
Voltage Charging Voltage Hysteresis applied when
Charging Voltage U1 0 255 0 mV
Range voltage is decreasing
Algorithms Hysteresis
13.4.9 Termination Config

Advanced
Termination Charge Term Valid Charge Termination taper current
Charging I2 0 32767 250 mA
Config Taper Current qualifier threshold
Algorithms
Advanced
Termination Charge Term Valid Charge Termination delta voltage
Config Voltage qualifier, max cell based
Algorithms
13.4.10 Cell Balancing Config

Advanced Required balance time per mAh. For
Cell Balancing Balance Time
Charging U2 0 65535 367 s/mAh information on how to calculate balancing
Config per mAh cell 1
Algorithms time, see Section 7.1.
Advanced Required balance time per mAh. For
Cell Balancing Balance Time
Charging U2 0 65535 514 s/mAh information on how to calculate balancing
Config per mAh cell 2
Algorithms time, see Section 7.1.

www.ti.com Power
13.5 Power
13.5.1 Power

Valid Update
Power Power I2 0 32767 2800 mV Min stack voltage threshold for Flash update
Voltage
13.5.2 Shutdown

Shutdown
Power Shutdown I2 0 32767 2300 mV Cell based shutdown voltage trip threshold
Voltage
Shutdown
Power Shutdown U2 0 255 10 s Cell based shutdown voltage trip delay
Time
Charger
Pack terminal charger present detect
Power Shutdown Present I2 0 32767 3000 mV
threshold
Threshold
13.5.3 Sleep

Power Sleep Sleep Current I2 0 32767 10 mA |Current()| threshold to enter SLEEP mode
Power Sleep Voltage Time U1 0 255 5 s Voltage sampling period in SLEEP mode
Power Sleep Current Time U1 0 255 20 s Current sampling period in SLEEP mode
Wake Comparator Configuration Setting
Bits 3–2: Wk1, WK0—Wake Comparator
Threshold
Wake
Power Sleep H1 0x00 0xFF 0x00 — 0,0 = ±0.625 mV
Comparator
0,1 = ±1.25 mV
1,0 = ±2.5 mV
1,1 = ±5 mV
13.5.4 Ship

Delay time to turn OFF FETs prior to
entering SHUTDOWN mode. This setting
Power Ship FET OFF time U1 0 127 10 s
should not be longer than the Ship Delay
setting.
Delay time to enter SHUTDOWN mode after
Power Ship Delay U1 0 254 20 s
FETs are turned OFF
The device will automatically enter
SHUTDOWN mode after staying in SLEEP
Auto Ship
Power Ship U2 0 65535 1440 min mode without communicating for this amount
Time
of time when Power
Config[AUTO_SHIP_EN] = 1.

Gas Gauging www.ti.com
13.6 Gas Gauging
13.6.1 Standby

Standby
Gas Gauging Standby I2 –32768 0 –10 mA
Current
13.6.2 Max Load

Max Load
Gas Gauging Max Load I2 –32768 32767 –500 mA
Current
Max Load
Gas Gauging Max Load U1 0 100 50 %
RSOC
13.6.3 Current Thresholds

Current Dsg Current
Gas Gauging I2 –32768 32767 100 mA DISCHARGE mode Current() threshold
Thresholds Threshold
Current Chg Current
Gas Gauging I2 –32768 32767 50 mA CHARGE mode Current() threshold
Thresholds Threshold
Current
Gas Gauging Quit Current I2 0 32767 10 mA |Current()| threshold to enter REST mode
Thresholds
Current Dsg Relax
Gas Gauging U1 0 255 1 mA Discharge to relax timeout
Thresholds Time
Current Chg Relax
Gas Gauging U1 0 255 60 mA Charge to relax timeout
Thresholds Time
13.6.4 Design

Design
Gas Gauging Design I2 0 32767 4400 mAh Design Capacity in mAh
Capacity mAh
Design
Gas Gauging Design I2 0 32767 6336 cWh Design Capacity in cWh
Capacity cWh
Gas Gauging Design Design Voltage I2 0 32767 7200 mV Design Voltage
13.6.5 Cycle

Cycle Count
Gas Gauging Cycle U1 0 100 90 % Cycle Count Percentage
Percentage

www.ti.com Gas Gauging
13.6.6 FD

Set Voltage
Gas Gauging FD I2 0 5000 3000 mV BatteryStatus()[FD] cell voltage set threshold
Threshold
Clear Voltage
Gas Gauging FD I2 0 5000 3100 mV BatteryStatus()[FD] cell voltage clear threshold
Threshold
Set RSOC % BatteryStatus()[FD]RelativeStateOfCharge() set
Gas Gauging FD U1 0 100 0 %
Threshold threshold
Clear RSOC % BatteryStatus()[FD]RelativeStateOfCharge() clear
Gas Gauging FD U1 0 100 5 %
Threshold threshold
13.6.7 FC

Set Voltage
Gas Gauging FC I2 0 5000 4200 mV BatteryStatus()[FC] cell voltage set threshold
Threshold
Clear Voltage
Gas Gauging FC I2 0 5000 4100 mV BatteryStatus()[FC] cell voltage clear threshold
Threshold
Set RSOC % BatteryStatus()[FC]RelativeStateOfCharge() set
Gas Gauging FC U1 0 100 100 %
Threshold threshold
Clear RSOC % BatteryStatus()[FC]RelativeStateOfCharge() clear
Gas Gauging FC U1 0 100 95 %
Threshold threshold
13.6.8 TDA
Per the Smart Battery Data Specification v1.1, TDA is only active while discharging.

Gas Set Voltage GaugingStatus[TD] cell voltage set
TD I2 0 5000 3200 mV
Gauging Threshold threshold
Gas Clear Voltage GaugingStatus[TD] cell voltage clear
TD I2 0 5000 3300 mV
Gas Set RSOC % GaugingStatus[TD]RelativeStateOfCharge()
TD U1 0 100 6 %
Gauging Threshold set threshold
Gas Clear RSOC % GaugingStatus[TD]RelativeStateOfCharge()
TD U1 0 100 8 %
Gauging Threshold clear threshold
13.6.9 TCA
Per the Smart Battery Data Specification v1.1, TCA is only active while charging.

Gas Set Voltage
TC I2 0 5000 4200 mV GaugingStatus[TC] cell voltage set threshold
Gauging Threshold
Gas Clear Voltage GaugingStatus[TC] cell voltage clear
TC I2 0 5000 4100 mV
Gas Set RSOC % GaugingStatus[TC]RelativeStateOfCharge()
TC U1 0 100 100 %
Gauging Threshold set threshold
Gas Clear RSOC % GaugingStatus[TC]RelativeStateOfCharge()
TC U1 0 100 95 %
Gauging Threshold clear threshold

13.6.10 State

Gas
State QMax Cell 0 I2 0 32767 4400 mAh QMax Cell 0
Gauging
Gas
State QMax Cell 1 I2 0 32767 4400 mAh QMax Cell 1
Gauging
Gas
State QMax Pack I2 0 32767 4400 mAh QMax of the whole stack
Gauging
Gas QMax Cycle
State U2 0 65535 0 The CycleCount()when QMax updated
Gauging count
Bit 1:0: Update1, Update0
Update Status
0,0 = Impedance Track gauging and lifetime
updating is disabled.
0,1 = QMax updated
1,0 = QMax and Ra table have been
updated
Gas
State Update Status H1 0x00 0xFF 0 Bit 2: Enable—Impedance Track gauging
Gauging
and lifetime updating is enabled.
0 = Disabled
1 = Enabled
Bit 3: QMax update in the field
0 = Not updated
1 = Updated
Bit 7:4: Reserved
Gas Cell 0 Chg
State I2 0 32767 4200 mV Cell 0 voltage value at end of charge
Gauging Voltage at EoC
Gas Cell 1 Chg
State I2 0 32767 4200 mV Cell 1 voltage value at end of charge
Gauging Voltage at EoC
Gas
State Current at EoC I2 –32768 32767 250 mA Current at end of charge
Gauging
Gas
State Avg I Last Run I2 –32768 32767 –2000 mA Average current last discharge cycle
Gauging
Gas
State Avg P Last Run I2 –32768 32767 –3022 10 mW Average power last discharge cycle
Gauging
Gas Voltage() delta between normal and short
State Delta Voltage I2 –32768 32767 0 mV
Gauging load spikes to optimize run time calculation
Gas 0.1°C/
State Temp k I2 0 32767 100 Initial thermal model temperature factor
Gauging 256 cW
Gas
State Temp a I2 0 32767 1000 — Initial thermal model temperature
Gauging
Gas
State Max I Last Run I2 –32768 32767 –2000 mA Max current last discharge cycle
Gauging
Gas
State Max P Last Run I2 –32768 32767 –3022 10 mW Max power last discharge cycle
Gauging
Value reported by CycleCount(). Updated by
Gas Cycle the gauge automatically when accumulated
State Cycle count U2 0 65535 0
Gauging count discharge exceeds the threshold set by
Cycle Count Percentage
Gas 0.1°C/ Initial thermal model temperature factor for
State SOH Temp k I2 0 32767 100
Gauging 256 cW SOH
Gas Initial thermal model temperature factor for
State SOH Temp a I2 0 32767 1000 —
Gauging SOH
13.6.11 IT Config

Gas Pack
IT Cfg I2 0 32767 30 mΩ
Gauging Resistance
Gas System
IT Cfg I2 0 32767 0 mΩ
Gauging Resistance
www.ti.com Gas Gauging
Filter value used in Ra Updates, specifies what
percentage or Ra update is from new value
Gas (100%—setting) vs. old value (setting). The
IT Cfg Ra Filter U2 0 999 500 0.1%
Gauging recommended setting is 80% if the
RSOC_CONV feature is enabled. Otherwise,
the setting should be 50% as the default.
% of
Gas
IT Cfg Ra Max Delta U1 0 255 15 Design Maximum value of allowed Ra change
Gauging
Resistance
Reference Grid point used by Design
Resistance. The default setting should be used
Gas Reference if RSOC_CONV feature is enabled. Otherwise,
IT Cfg UI 0 15 4
Gauging Grid grid point 11 should be used to ensure
resistance updates fast enough at the grid
where discharge termination occurs.
This is one of the filters used for resistance
update. Reducing this filter setting can improve
low temperature performance at high rates.
The default setting is 41-s time constant. It is
recommended to keep this filter within the
range of 4 s (that is, DF setting = 61680) up to
Resistance the default 41 s (that is, DF setting = 65142).
Gas
IT Cfg Parameter U2 1 65534 65124 — Examining the Term Voltage Delta setting and
Gauging
Filter Fast Scale Start SOC should be done prior to
twisting this parameter when trying to improve
the RSOC performance.
The following is the formula to convert the DF
setting into actual filter time constant: Filter
time constant = [0.25/(1 – (DF_Value
/65536))] – 0.25.
Ra filter used in the fast scaling region if
Gas Near EDV Ra
IT Cfg U2 1 65535 59220 — [FF_NEAR_EDV] = 1. Default value should be
Gauging Param Filter
used.
Maximum allowed QMax change from its
previous value. The QMax change will be
Gas capped by this setting if the delta from the
IT Cfg QMax Delta U1 3 100 5 %
Gauging previous QMax is larger than QMax Delta.
QMax Delta is a percentage of Design
Capacity.
Maximum QMax value over the lifetime of the
pack. If the updated QMax value is larger than
Gas QMax Upper
IT Cfg U1 100 255 130 % this setting, the updated QMax will be capped
Gauging Bound
to QMax Upper Bound. QMax Upper Bound
is a percentage of Design Capacity.
Gas Min stack voltage to be used for capacity
IT Cfg Term Voltage I2 0 32767 9000 mV
Gauging calculation
Controls when the RSOC_CONV feature
becomes active. The recommended setting is
3.3 –Term Voltage/Number Cells.
Gas Term Voltage
IT Cfg I2 0 32767 300 mV The default setting is 300 mV, which is
Gauging Delta
assuming a typical 3-V termination voltage per
cell. If a different termination voltage is used,
this parameter should be adjusted accordingly.
Minimum cell termination voltage when used, if
[CELL_TERM]= 1. This is intended to allow
Gas Term Min Cell
IT Cfg I2 0 32767 2800 mV the IT algorithm to reach 0% before CUV is
Gauging Voltage
triggered; therefore, this value should be set at
or above CUV:Threshold.
Control start of convergence when
[RSOC_CONV]= 1 based on RSOC %.
Raising this setting can improve RSOC drop at
Gas Fast Scale
IT Cfg U1 0 100 10 % the end of discharge. However the RSOC %
Gauging Start SOC
chosen for this setting must keep after the
sharp drop of the discharge curve (the knee of
the discharge curve).
Gas Defines Load compensation mode used by the
IT Cfg Load Select U1 0 255 7
Gauging gauging algorithm
Defines unit used by the gauging algorithm:
Gas
IT Cfg Load Mode U1 0 255 0 0 = Constant Current
Gauging
1 = Constant Power

Averaged cell resistance at Reference Grid
point. Automatically updated when Update
Gas Design Status is set to 0x6 by the gauge. To
IT Cfg
Gauging Resistance automatically update again, set Update Status
to 0x4 or manually set when Update Status is
set to 0x6.
Gas Discharge rate used for capacity calculation
IT Cfg User-Rate-mA I2 –32768 32768 0 mA
Gauging selected by Load Select
Gas Discharge rate used for capacity calculation
IT Cfg User-Rate-mW I2 –32768 32768 0 10 mW
Gauging selected by Load Select
Capacity is reserved available when the
Gas Reserve Cap-
IT Cfg I2 0 9000 0 mAh gauging algorithm reports 0%
Gauging mAh
RelativeStateOfCharge().
Capacity reserved is available when the
Gas Reserve Cap-
IT Cfg I2 0 32000 0 cWh gauging algorithm reports 0%
Gauging cWh
RelativeStateOfCharge().
13.6.12 Condition Flag

Gas Condition
Max Error Limit U1 1 100 100 % Max Error Limit Percentage
Gauging Flag
13.6.13 SOH

Gas 0.1 Hr
SOH SOH Load Rate U1 1 255 50 Current rate used in SOH simulation
Gauging rate
13.6.14 Max Error

Gas Max Error Time Cycle U1 1 255 12 2h After valid QMax update, each passed time period
Gauging Equivalent of Time Cycle Equivalent will increment of
MaxError() by Cycle Delta. Time Cycle Equivalent
increments Max Error by 0.05% for every Time
Cycle Equivalent time period following the last
QMax update.
Gas Max Error Cycle Delta U1 0 255 5 0.01% Each increment of CycleCount() after valid QMax
Gauging update will increment of MaxError() by Cycle Delta.
Setting this parameter to 0 disables the MaxError
increment by time or cycle increment.
13.7 System Data
13.7.1 Manufacturer Data
Class Subclass Name Type Min Max Unit Description

Manufacturer Manufacturer Info A
System Data U1 0 32 — ManufacturerInfo() length
Data Length
Manufacturer Manufacturer Info
System Data U1 ManufacturerInfo() value
Data Block A01-A32
www.ti.com System Data
13.7.2 Integrity

Status data flash signature. Use MAC
System Static DF
Integrity H2 0 7FFF 0 hex StaticDFSignature() (with MSB set to 0) to
Data Signature
initialize this value.
Status Chemistry data signature. Use MAC
System Static Chem DF
Integrity H2 0 7FFF 6C98 hex StaticChemDFSignature() (with MSB set to 0) to
Data Signature
initialize this value.
Status data flash signature. Use MAC
System All DF
Integrity H2 0 7FFF 0 hex AllDFSignature() (with MSB set to 0) to initialize
Data Signature
this value.
13.8 Configuration
13.8.1 Data

Manufacturer ManufacturerDate() value in the following
Configuration Data U2 0 65535 01/01/80
Date format:Day + Month*32 + (Year–1980) * 512
Configuration Data Serial Number H2 0x0000 0xFFFF 0x0001 SerialNumber() value
Manufacturer Texas
Configuration Data S20+1 — — ASCII ManufacturerName() value
Name Instruments
Configuration Data Device Name S20+1 — — BQ28Z610 ASCII DeviceName() value
Device
Configuration Data S4+1 — — LION ASCII DeviceChemistry() value
Chemistry
13.9 Lifetimes
13.9.1 Voltage

Lifetimes Voltage Max Voltage Cell 0 I2 0 32767 0 mV Maximum reported cell voltage 0
Lifetimes Voltage Max Voltage Cell 1 I2 0 32767 0 mV Maximum reported cell voltage 1
13.9.2 Current

Maximum reported Current() in charge
Lifetimes Current Max Chg Current I2 0 32768 0 200 mA
direction
Maximum reported Current() in discharge
Lifetimes Current Max Dsg Current I2 –32768 0 0 200 mA
direction
13.9.3 Temperature

Lifetimes Temperature Max Temp Cell I1 –128 127 –128 °C Maximum reported cell temperature
Lifetimes Temperature Min Temp Cell I1 –128 127 127 °C Minimum reported cell temperature
Protections www.ti.com
13.10 Protections
13.10.1 CUV—Cell Undervoltage

Protections CUV Threshold I2 0 32767 2500 mV Cell undervoltage trip threshold
Protections CUV Delay U1 0 255 2 s Cell undervoltage trip delay
Protections CUV Recovery I2 0 32767 3000 mV Cell undervoltage recovery threshold
13.10.2 COV—Cell Overvoltage

Threshold Low Cell overvoltage low temperature
Protections COV I2 0 32767 4300 mV
Temp range trip threshold
Threshold
Cell overvoltage standard
Protections COV Standard I2 0 32767 4300 mV
temperature range trip threshold
Temp
Threshold Cell overvoltage high temperature
High Temp range trip threshold
Threshold Rec Cell overvoltage recommended
Temp temperature range trip threshold
Protections COV Delay U1 0 255 0 s Cell overvoltage trip delay
Recovery Low Cell overvoltage low temperature
Temp range recovery threshold
Recovery Cell overvoltage standard
Protections COV Standard I2 0 32767 3900 mV temperature recovery range
Temp threshold
Recovery High Cell overvoltage high temperature
Temp range recovery threshold
Cell overvoltage recommended
Recovery Rec
Protections COV I2 0 32767 3900 mV temperature range recovery
Temp
threshold
13.10.3 OCC—Overcurrent In Charge

Overcurrent in Charge trip
Protections OCC Threshold I2 –32768 32767 6000 mA
threshold
Overcurrent in Charge trip
Protections OCC Delay U1 0 255 0 s
delay
Recovery Overcurrent in Charge
Protections OCC I2 –32768 32767 200 mA
Threshold recovery threshold
Recovery Overcurrent in Charge
Protections OCC U1 0 255 5 s
Delay recovery delay
13.10.4 OCD—Overcurrent In Discharge

Protections OCD Threshold I2 –32768 32767 –6000 mA Overcurrent in Discharge trip threshold
Protections OCD Delay U1 0 255 6 s Overcurrent in Discharge trip delay
Protections OCD Recovery I2 –32768 32767 50 mA Overcurrent in Discharge recovery threshold
Recovery
Protections OCD U1 0 255 5 s Overcurrent in Discharge recovery delay
Delay
www.ti.com Protections
13.10.5 AOLD—AFE Over Load In Discharge

AOLD: Threshold
Protections AOLD Threshold H1 0x00 0xFF 0xF4 hex Setting, Bits 7–4: OLDD: AOLD delay time
Setting, Bits 3–0: OLDV: AOLD threshold
Protections AOLD Recovery U1 0 255 5 s Overload recovery time
13.10.6 ASCC—AFE Short Circuit in Charge

ASCC: Threshold
Setting, Bits 7–4: SCCD: ASCC delay time
Protections ASCC Threshold H1 0x00 0xFF 0x77 hex Setting, Bit 3: Reserved
Setting, Bits 2–0: OLDV: AOLD threshold
Setting
Protections ASCC Recovery U1 0 255 5 s Overload recovery time
13.10.7 ASCD—AFE Short Circuit in Discharge

ASCD: Threshold 1
Setting, Bits 7–4: SCD1D: SCD1 delay time
Protections ASCD Threshold 1 H1 0x00 0xFF 0x77 hex Setting, Bit 3: Reserved
Setting, Bits 2–0: SCD1V: SCD1 threshold
setting
ASCD: Threshold 2
Setting, Bits 7–4: SCD2D: SCD2 delay time
Protections ASCD Threshold 2 H1 0x00 0xFF 0xE7 hex Setting, Bit 3: Reserved
Setting, Bits 2–0: SCD2V: SCD2 threshold
setting
Protections ASCD Recovery U1 0 255 5 s Overload recovery time
13.10.8 OTC—Overtemperature in Charge

Protections OTC Threshold I2 –400 1500 550 0.1°C Overtemperature in Charge trip threshold
Protections OTC Delay U1 0 255 2 s Overtemperature in Charge Cell trip delay
Overtemperature in Charge Cell recovery
Protections OTC Recovery I2 –400 1500 500 0.1°C
threshold
13.10.9 OTD—Overtemperature in Discharge

Protections OTD Threshold I2 –400 1500 600 0.1°C Overtemperature in Discharge trip threshold
Protections OTD Delay U1 0 255 2 s Overtemperature in Discharge trip delay
Overtemperature in Discharge recovery
Protections OTD Recovery I2 –400 1500 550 0.1°C
threshold
Protections www.ti.com
13.10.10 UTC—Under Temperature in Charge

Protections UTC Threshold I2 –400 1500 0 0.1°C Under Temperature in Charge trip threshold
Protections UTC Delay U1 0 255 2 s Under Temperature in Charge Cell trip delay
Under Temperature in Charge Cell recovery
Protections UTC Recovery I2 –400 1500 50 0.1°C
threshold
13.10.11 UTD—Under Temperature in Discharge

Protections UTD Threshold I2 –400 1500 0 0.1°C Under Temperature in Discharge trip threshold
Protections UTD Delay U1 0 255 2 s Under Temperature in Discharge trip delay
Under Temperature in Discharge recovery
Protections UTD Recovery I2 –400 1500 50 0.1°C
threshold
13.10.12 PTO—PRECHARGE Mode Time Out

Charge
Protections PTO I2 –32768 32767 2000 mA Precharge Timeout Current Threshold
Threshold
Suspend
Protections PTO I2 –32768 32767 1800 mA Precharge Timeout Suspend Threshold
Threshold
Protections PTO Delay U2 0 65535 1800 s Precharge Timeout trip delay
Protections PTO Reset I2 –32768 32767 2 mAh Precharge Timeout Reset Threshold
13.10.13 CTO—FAST CHARGE Mode Time Out

Charge
Protections CTO I2 –32768 32767 2500 mA Fast Charge Timeout Current Threshold
Threshold
Suspend
Protections CTO I2 –32768 32767 2000 mA Fast Charge Timeout Suspend Threshold
Threshold
Protections CTO Delay U2 0 65535 54000 s Fast Charge Timeout trip delay
Protections CTO Reset I2 –32768 32767 2 mAh Fast Charge Timeout Reset Threshold
13.11 Permanent Fail
13.11.1 SOV—Safety Cell Overvoltage

Permanent
SOV Threshold I2 0 32767 4500 mV Safety Cell Overvoltage trip threshold
Fail
Permanent
SOV Delay U1 0 255 5 s Safety Cell Overvoltage trip delay
Fail
www.ti.com Permanent Fail
13.11.2 VIMR—Voltage Imbalance at Rest

Permanent VIMR Check I2 0 5000 3600 mV Voltage Imbalance at Rest Check
Fail Voltage Voltage
Permanent VIMR Check I2 0 32767 10 mA Voltage Imbalance at Rest Check
Fail Current Current
Permanent VIMR Delta I2 0 5000 200 mV Voltage Imbalance at Rest Trip
Fail Threshold Threshold
Permanent VIMR Delay U1 0 255 2 s Voltage Imbalance at Rest Check Trip
Fail Delay
Permanent VIMR Duration U2 0 65535 100 s Voltage Imbalance at Rest Check
Fail Duration
13.11.3 VIMA—Voltage Imbalance Active

Permanent VIMA Check Voltage I2 0 5000 3600 mV Voltage Imbalance active Check Voltage
Fail
Permanent VIMA Check Current I2 0 32767 10 mA Voltage Imbalance active Check Current
Fail
Permanent VIMA Delta I2 0 5000 300 mV Voltage Imbalance active trip threshold
Fail Threshold
Permanent VIMA Delay U1 0 255 2 s Voltage Imbalance active Check trip delay
Fail
13.12 PF Status
The data in this class is saved at the time of the PF event.
13.12.1 Device Status

Device Status
PF Status Safety Alert A H1 0 FF 0 hex Accumulated safety flags since PF event
Data
Device Status
PF Status Safety Status A H1 0 FF 0 hex Accumulated safety flags since PF event
Data
Name: Safety Alert A or Safety Status A

Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0
RSVD AOLD RSVD OCD RSVD OCC COV CUV

Device Status
PF Status Safety Alert B H1 0 FF 0 hex Accumulated safety flags since PF event
Data
Device Status
PF Status Safety Status B H1 0 FF 0 hex Accumulated safety flags since PF event
Data
Name: Safety Alert B or Safety Status B

RSVD RSVD OTD OTC RSVD ASCD RSVD ASCC
PF Status www.ti.com

Device Status
PF Status Safety Alert C H1 0 FF 0 hex Accumulated safety flags since PF event
Data
Device Status
PF Status Safety Status C H1 0 FF 0 hex Accumulated safety flags since PF event
Data
Name: Safety Alert C or Safety Status C

RSVD RSVD CTOS RSVD PTOS RSVD RSVD RSVD

Device Status Accumulated safety flags since PF event. All bits in
PF Status Safety Alert D H1 0 FF 0 hex
Data this register are RSVD.
Device Status
PF Status Safety Status D H1 0 FF 0 hex Accumulated safety flags since PF event
Data
Name: Safety Status D

RSVD RSVD CTOS RSVD PTOS DFW RSVD IFC

Device Status Operation Status
PF Status H2 0 FFFF 0 hex OperationStatus() data at the time of the PF event
Data A
Name: Operation Status A

Bit 15 Bit 14 Bit 13 Bit 12 Bit 11 Bit 10 Bit 9 Bit 8 Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0
RSVD RSVD RSVD RSVD PCHG CHG DSG RSVD SLEEP XCHG XDSG PF SS SDV SEC1 SEC0

Device Status Operation Status
PF Status H2 0 FFFF 0 hex OperationStatus() data at the time of the PF event
Data B
Name: Operation Status B

SLEEP CAL_OF AUTO SMBL
XL CAL AUTH LED SDM RSVD RSVD RSVD CB SLPCC SLPAD INIT
M FSET CALM CAL

Temperature range status at the time of the PF event.
Device Status
PF Status Temp Range H1 0 FF 0 hex The temperature range information is returned to
Data
ChargingStatus().
Name: Temp Range

RSVD OT HT STH RT SLT LT UT

The charging status at the time of the PF event. See
Device Status Charging Status
PF Status H1 0 FF 0 hex section under AltManufacturerAccess(), Gauging
Data A
Status().
Name: Charging Status A

VCT MCHG SU IN HV MV LV PV
www.ti.com PF Status
The charging status at the time of the PF event. See
Device Status
PF Status Gauging Status H1 0 FF 0 hex section under AltManufacturerAccess(), Gauging
Data
Status().
Name: Gauging Status

VCT MCHG SU IN HV MV LV PV

The Impedance Track status at the time of the PF
Device Status
PF Status IT Status H2 0 FFFF 0 hex event. See section under AltManufacturerAccess(),
Data
Gauging Status().
Name: IT Status
SLPQM
NSFM RSVD QEN VOK RDIS RSVD REST RSVD RSVD RSVD OCVFR LDMD RX QMax VDQ
ax
13.12.2 Device Voltage Data

PF Status Device Voltage Data Cell Voltage 0 I2 –32768 32767 0 mV Cell 0 voltage
PF Status Device Voltage Data Cell Voltage 1 I2 –32768 32767 0 mV Cell 1 voltage
PF Status Device Voltage Data Bat Direct Voltage I2 –32768 32767 0 mV Cell stack voltage
PF Status Device Voltage Data Pack Voltage I2 –32768 32767 0 mV Pack terminal voltage
13.12.3 Device Current Data

PF Status Device Current Data Current I2 –32768 32767 0 mA Current()
13.12.4 Device Temperature Data

Device Temperature Internal temperature sensor
PF Status Internal Temperature I2 –32768 32767 0 0.1°K
Data Temperature
Device Temperature
PF Status External 1 Temperature I2 –32768 32767 0 0.1°K External TS1 Temperature
Data
13.12.5 Device Gauging Data

Device Gauging
PF Status Cell 0 DOD0 I2 –32768 32767 0 Cell 0 depth of discharge
Data
Device Gauging
PF Status Cell 1 DOD0 I2 –32768 32767 0 Cell 1 depth of discharge
Data
Device Gauging Passed charge since last QMax
PF Status Passed Charge I2 –32768 32767 0 mAh
Data update
PF Status www.ti.com
13.12.6 AFE Registers

AFE Interrupt
PF Status AFE Regs H1 0x00 0xFF 0x00 AFE Interrupt Status Register Contents
Status
PF Status AFE Regs AFE FET Status H1 0x00 0xFF 0x00 AFE FET Status Register Contents
PF Status AFE Regs AFE Rxin H1 0x00 0xFF 0x00 AFE Rxin Register Contents
AFE Interrupt
PF Status AFE Regs H1 0x00 0xFF 0x00 AFE Interrupt Enable Register Contents
Enable
PF Status AFE Regs AFE FET Control H1 0x00 0xFF 0x00 AFE FET Control Register Contents
PF Status AFE Regs AFE RXIEN H1 0x00 0xFF 0x00 AFE RXIEN Register Contents
PF Status AFE Regs AFE RLOUT H1 0x00 0xFF 0x00 AFE RLOUT Register Contents
PF Status AFE Regs AFE RHOUT H1 0x00 0xFF 0x00 AFE RHOUT Register Contents
PF Status AFE Regs AFE RHINT H1 0x00 0xFF 0x00 AFE RHINT Register Contents
PF Status AFE Regs AFE Cell Balance H1 0x00 0xFF 0x00 AFE Cell Balance Register Contents
AFE AD/CC
PF Status AFE Regs H1 0x00 0xFF 0x00 AFE AD/CC Control Register Contents
Control
PF Status AFE Regs AFE ADC Mux H1 0x00 0xFF 0x00 AFE ADC Mux Register Contents
PF Status AFE Regs AFE State Control H1 0x00 0xFF 0x00 AFE State Control Register Contents
PF Status AFE Regs AFE Wake Control H1 0x00 0xFF 0x00 AFE Wake Control Register Contents
AFE Protection
PF Status AFE Regs H1 0x00 0xFF 0x00 AFE Protection Control Register Contents
Control
PF Status AFE Regs AFE OCD H1 0x00 0xFF 0x00 AFE OCD Register Contents
PF Status AFE Regs AFE SCC H1 0x00 0xFF 0x00 AFE SCC Register Contents
PF Status AFE Regs AFE SCD1 H1 0x00 0xFF 0x00 AFE SCD1 Register Contents
PF Status AFE Regs AFE SCD2 H1 0x00 0xFF 0x00 AFE SCD2 Register Contents
13.13 RA Table
13.13.1 R_a0

High Byte:
0x00: Cell Impedance and QMax updated
0x05: RELAX mode and QMax update in progress
0x55: DISCHARGE mode and cell updated
RA Table R_a0 Cell 0 R_A Flag H2 0x0000 0xFFFF 0xFF55 0xFF: Cell impedance never updated
Low-Byte:
0x00: Table not used and QMax updated
0x55: Table being used
0xFF: Table never used, no QMax or cell impedance update
RA Table R_a0 Cell 0 R_A 0 I2 –32768 32768 38 2–10 Ω Cell 0 resistance at grid point 0
RA Table R_a0 Cell 0 R_A 1 I2 –32768 32768 41 2–10

Ω Cell 0 resistance at grid point 1







www.ti.com RA Table
13.13.2 R_a1

High-Byte:
0x55: DISCHARGE mode and cell updated
RA Table R_a1 Cell 1 R_A Flag H2 0x0000 0xFFFF 0xFF55 0xFF: cell impedance never updated Low-Byte:
0x00: Table not used and QMax updated
0x55: Table being used
0xFF: Table never used, no QMax or cell impedance
update
RA Table R_a1 Cell 1 R_A 1 I2 –32768 32768 41 2 –10








13.13.3 R_a0x

High-Byte:
0x55: DISCHARGE mode and cell updated 0xFF: Cell
impedance never updated.
RA Table R_a0x xCell 0 R_A Flag H2 0x0000 0xFFFF 0xFFFF
Low-Byte:
0x00: Table is not used and QMax updated.
0x55: Table is being used.
0xFF: Table was never used and no QMax or cell
impedance was updated.
RA Table R_a0x xCell 0 R_A 0 I2 –32768 32768 38 2–10 Ω Cell 0 resistance at grid point 0
RA Table R_a0x xCell 0 R_A 3 I2 –32768 32768 44 2–10







RA Table www.ti.com
13.13.4 R_a1x

High-Byte:
0x55: DISCHARGE mode and Cell updated
0xFF: Cell impedance never updated
RA Table R_a1x xCell 1 R_A Flag H2 0x0000 0xFFFF 0xFFFF
Low-Byte:
0x00: Table is not used and QMax updated.
0x55: Table is being used.
0xFF: Table was never used and no QMax or cell
impedance was updated.







Chapter 14
Data Flash Summary
14.1 Data Flash Table
Table 14-1. Data Flash Table

Class Subclass Address Name Type Min Value Max Value Default Units
Calibration Voltage 0x4000 Cell Gain I2 –32767 32767 12101 —
Calibration Voltage 0x4002 Pack Gain U2 0 65535 49669 —
Calibration Voltage 0x4004 BAT Gain U2 0 65535 48936 —
Calibration Current 0x4006 CC Gain F4 1.00E–01 4.00E+00 3.58422 —
2.98262E+0 1.193046E 1069035.
Calibration Current 0x400A Capacity Gain F4 —
4 +06 256
Calibration Current Offset 0x400E CC Offset I2 –32767 32767 0 —
Coulomb Counter Offset
Calibration Current Offset 0x4010 U2 0 65535 64 —
Samples
Calibration Current Offset 0x4012 Board Offset I2 –32768 32767 0 —
Calibration Current Offset 0x40C0 CC Auto Config H1 0x00 0x07 0x03 Hex
Calibration Current Offset 0x40C1 CC Auto Offset I2 –10000 10000 0 —
Calibration Temperature 0x4014 Internal Temp Offset I1 –128 127 0 0.1°C
Calibration Temperature 0x4015 External1 Temp Offset I1 –128 127 0 0.1°C
Internal Temp
Calibration 0x4400 Int Gain I2 –32768 32767 –12143 —
Model
Internal Temp
Calibration 0x4402 Int base offset I2 –32768 32767 6232 —
Model
Internal Temp
Calibration 0x4404 Int Minimum AD I2 –32768 32767 0 —
Model
Internal Temp
Calibration 0x4406 Int Maximum Temp I2 –32768 32767 6232 0.1°K
Model
Cell Temperature
Calibration 0x4408 Coeff a1 I2 –32768 32767 –11130 —
Model
Cell Temperature
Calibration 0x440A Coeff a2 I2 –32768 32767 19142 —
Model
Cell Temperature
Calibration 0x440C Coeff a3 I2 –32768 32767 –19262 —
Model
Cell Temperature
Calibration 0x440E Coeff a4 I2 –32768 32767 28203 —
Model
Cell Temperature
Calibration 0x4410 Coeff a5 I2 –32768 32767 892 —
Model
Cell Temperature
Calibration 0x4412 Coeff b1 I2 –32768 32767 328 —
Model
Cell Temperature
Calibration 0x4414 Coeff b2 I2 –32768 32767 –605 —
Model
Cell Temperature
Calibration 0x4416 Coeff b3 I2 –32768 32767 –2443 —
Model
Cell Temperature
Calibration 0x4418 Coeff b4 I2 –32768 32767 4696 —
Model
Cell Temperature
Calibration 0x441A Rc0 I2 –32768 32767 11703 —
Model
Cell Temperature
Calibration 0x441C Adc0 I2 –32768 32767 11703 —
Model
Cell Temperature
Calibration 0x441E Rpad I2 –32768 32767 0 —
Model
SLUUA65D – April 2014 – Revised January 2020 Data Flash Summary 113
Data Flash Table www.ti.com
Table 14-1. Data Flash Table (continued)

Cell Temperature
Calibration 0x4420 Rint I2 –32768 32767 0 —
Model
Calibration Current Deadband 0x4446 Deadband U1 0 255 3 mA
Calibration Current Deadband 0x4447 Coulomb Counter Deadband U1 0 255 9 116 nV
Settings Protection 0x46AE Protection Configuration H1 0x0 0x03 0x0 Hex
Settings Protection 0x46AF Enabled Protections A H1 0x0 0xFF 0x57 Hex
Settings Protection 0x46B0 Enabled Protections B H1 0x0 0xFF 0x35 Hex
Settings Protection 0x46B1 Enabled Protections C H1 0x0 0xFF 0x14 Hex
Settings Protection 0x46B2 Enabled Protections D H1 0x0 0xFF 0x0C Hex
Settings Permanent Failure 0x46FC Enabled PF A H1 0x0 0xFF 0x0 Hex
Settings Permanent Failure 0x46FD Enabled PF B H1 0x0 0xFF 0x0 Hex
Settings Permanent Failure 0x46FE Enabled PF C H1 0x0 0xFF 0x0 Hex
Settings Configuration 0x4600 FET Options H1 0x0 0xFF 0x20 Hex
Settings Configuration 0x4601 I2C Gauging Configuration H1 0x0 0x0F 0x04 Hex
Settings Configuration 0x4602 I2C Configuration H1 0x0 0xFF 0x01 Hex
Settings Configuration 0x4604 Power Config H1 0x0 0xBF 0x00 Hex
Settings Configuration 0x4605 IO Config H1 0x0 0x03 0x02 Hex
Settings Configuration 0x4632 SOC Flag Config A H2 0x0 0x0FFF 0x0C8C Hex
Settings Configuration 0x4634 SOC Flag Config B H1 0x0 0xFF 0x8C Hex
Settings Configuration 0x464D IT Gauging Configuration H2 0x0 0xFFFF 0x14CE Hex
Settings Configuration 0x465E Charging Configuration H1 0x0 0x3F 0x0 Hex
Settings Configuration 0x469A Temperature Enable H1 0x0 0x03 0x03 Hex
Settings Configuration 0x469B DA Configuration H1 0x0 0xFF 0x11 Hex
Settings Configuration 0x470A Balancing Configuration H1 0x0 0xFF 0x01 Hex
Settings AFE 0x469D AFE Protection Control H1 0x0 0xFF 0x70 Hex
Settings AFE 0x46A3 ZVCHG Exit Threshold I2 0 8000 2200 mV
Settings BTP 0x4606 Init Discharge Set I2 0 32767 150 mAh
Settings BTP 0x4608 Init Charge Set I2 0 32767 175 mAh
Settings Charger 0x4624 Device Address H1 0x0 0xFF 0xD4 Hex
Settings Charger 0x4625 Voltage Register H1 0x0 0xFF 0x0C Hex
Settings Charger 0x4626 Current Register H1 0x0 0xFF 0x0A Hex
Settings Charger 0x4629 Broadcast Pacing U1 0 255 15 s
Settings Manufacturing 0x43C0 Mfg Status init H2 0x0 0xFFFF 0x0000 Hex
Protections CUV 0x46B3 Threshold I2 0 32767 2500 mV
Protections CUV 0x46B5 Delay U1 0 255 2 s
Protections CUV 0x46B6 Recovery I2 0 32767 3000 mV
Protections COV 0x46B8 Threshold Low Temp I2 0 32767 4300 mV
Protections COV 0x46BA Threshold Standard Temp I2 0 32767 4300 mV
Protections COV 0x46BC Threshold High Temp I2 0 32767 4300 mV
Protections COV 0x46BE Threshold Rec Temp I2 0 32767 4300 mV
Protections COV 0x46C0 Delay U1 0 255 2 s
Protections COV 0x46C1 Recovery Low Temp I2 0 32767 3900 mV
Protections COV 0x46C3 Recovery Standard Temp I2 0 32767 3900 mV
Protections COV 0x46C5 Recovery High Temp I2 0 32767 3900 mV
Protections COV 0x46C7 Recovery Rec Temp I2 0 32767 3900 mV
Protections OCC 0x46C9 Threshold I2 –32768 32767 6000 mA
Protections OCC 0x46CB Delay U1 0 255 6 s
Protections OCC 0x46CC Recovery Threshold I2 –32768 32767 –200 mA
Protections OCC 0x46CE Recovery Delay U1 0 255 5 s
Protections OCD 0x46CF Threshold I2 –32768 32767 –6000 mA
Protections OCD 0x46D1 Delay U1 0 255 6 s
Protections OCD 0x46D2 Recovery Threshold I2 –32768 32767 200 mA
114 Data Flash Summary SLUUA65D – April 2014 – Revised January 2020
www.ti.com Data Flash Table

Protections OCD 0x46D4 Recovery Delay U1 0 255 5 s
Protections AOLD 0x469E Threshold H1 0x0 0xFF 0xF4 Hex
Protections AOLD 0x46D5 Recovery U1 0 255 5 s
Protections ASCC 0x469F Threshold H1 0x0 0xFF 0x77 Hex
Protections ASCC 0x46D6 Recovery U1 0 255 5 s
Protections ASCD 0x46A0 Threshold 1 H1 0x0 0xFF 0x77 Hex
Protections ASCD 0x46A1 Threshold 2 H1 0x0 0xFF 0xE7 Hex
Protections ASCD 0x46D7 Recovery U1 0 255 5 s
Protections OTC 0x46D8 Threshold I2 –400 1500 550 0.1°C
Protections OTC 0x46DA Delay U1 0 255 2 s
Protections OTC 0x46DB Recovery I2 –400 1500 500 0.1°C
Protections OTD 0x46DD Threshold I2 –400 1500 600 0.1°C
Protections OTD 0x46DF Delay U1 0 255 2 s
Protections OTD 0x46E0 Recovery I2 –400 1500 550 0.1°C
Protections UTC 0x46E2 Threshold I2 –400 1500 0 0.1°C
Protections UTC 0x46E4 Delay U1 0 255 2 s
Protections UTC 0x46E5 Recovery I2 –400 1500 50 0.1°C
Protections UTD 0x46E7 Threshold I2 –400 1500 0 0.1°C
Protections UTD 0x46E9 Delay U1 0 255 2 s
Protections UTD 0x46EA Recovery I2 –400 1500 50 0.1°C
Protections PTO 0x46EC Charge Threshold I2 –32768 32767 2000 mA
Protections PTO 0x46EE Suspend Threshold I2 –32768 32767 1800 mA
Protections PTO 0x46F0 Delay U2 0 65535 1800 s
Protections PTO 0x46F2 Reset I2 0 32767 2 mAh
Protections CTO 0x46F4 Charge Threshold I2 –32768 32767 2500 mA
Protections CTO 0x46F6 Suspend Threshold I2 –32768 32767 2000 mA
Protections CTO 0x46F8 Delay U2 0 65535 54000 s
Protections CTO 0x46FA Reset I2 0 32767 2 mAh
Permanent Fail SOV 0x4700 Threshold I2 0 32767 4500 mV
Permanent Fail SOV 0x4702 Delay U1 0 255 5 s
Permanent Fail CFET 0x4703 OFF Threshold I2 0 500 5 mA
Permanent Fail CFET 0x4705 OFF Delay U1 0 255 5 s
Permanent Fail DFET 0x4706 OFF Threshold I2 –500 0 –5 mA
Permanent Fail DFET 0x4708 OFF Delay U1 0 255 5 s
Permanent Fail VIMR 0x4715 Check Voltage I2 0 5000 3500 mV
Permanent Fail VIMR 0x4715 Check Current I2 0 32767 10 mA
Permanent Fail VIMR 0x4717 Delta Threshold I2 0 5000 500 mV
Permanent Fail VIMR 0x4719 Delta Delay U1 0 255 5 s
Permanent Fail VIMR 0x471A Duration U2 0 65535 100 s
Permanent Fail VIMA 0x471C Check Voltage I2 0 5000 3700 mV
Permanent Fail VIMA 0x471E Check Current I2 0 32767 50 mA
Permanent Fail VIMA 0x4720 Delta Threshold I2 0 5000 200 mV
Permanent Fail VIMA 0x4722 Delta Delay U1 0 255 5 s
Advanced Charge Temperature
0x465F T1 Temp I1 –128 127 0 °C
Algorithm Ranges
0x4660 T2 Temp I1 –128 127 12 °C
Algorithm Ranges
0x4661 T5 Temp I1 –128 127 20 °C
Algorithm Ranges
0x4662 T6 Temp I1 –128 127 25 °C
Algorithm Ranges
0x4663 T3 Temp I1 –128 127 30 °C
Algorithm Ranges

0x4664 T4 Temp I1 –128 127 55 °C
Algorithm Ranges
0x4665 Hysteresis Temp I1 0 127 1 °C
Algorithm Ranges
Advanced Charge Low Temp
0x4666 Voltage I2 0 32767 4000 mV
Algorithm Charging
0x4668 Current Low I2 0 32767 132 mA
Algorithm Charging
0x466A Current Med I2 0 32767 352 mA
Algorithm Charging
0x466C Current High I2 0 32767 264 mA
Algorithm Charging
Advanced Charge Standard Temp
0x466E Voltage I2 0 32767 4200 mV
Algorithm Charging
0x4670 Current Low I2 0 32767 1980 mA
Algorithm Charging
0x4672 Current Med I2 0 32767 4004 mA
Algorithm Charging
0x4674 Current High I2 0 32767 2992 mA
Algorithm Charging
Advanced Charge High Temp
0x4676 Voltage I2 0 32767 4000 mV
Algorithm Charging
0x4678 Current Low I2 0 32767 1012 mA
Algorithm Charging
0x467A Current Med I2 0 32767 1980 mA
Algorithm Charging
0x467C Current High I2 0 32767 1496 mA
Algorithm Charging
Advanced Charge Rec Temp
0x467E Voltage I2 0 32767 4100 mV
Algorithm Charging
0x4680 Current Low I2 0 32767 2508 mA
Algorithm Charging
0x4682 Current Med I2 0 32767 4488 mA
Algorithm Charging
0x4684 Current High I2 0 32767 3520 mA
Algorithm Charging
Advanced Charge
Pre-Charging 0x4686 Current I2 0 32767 88 mA
Algorithm
Advanced Charge Maintenance
0x4688 Current I2 0 32767 44 mA
Algorithm Charging
Advanced Charge
Voltage Range 0x468A Precharge Start Voltage I2 0 32767 2500 mV
Algorithm
Advanced Charge
Voltage Range 0x468C Charging Voltage Low I2 0 32767 2900 mV
Algorithm
Advanced Charge
Voltage Range 0x468E Charging Voltage Med I2 0 32767 3600 mV
Algorithm
Advanced Charge
Voltage Range 0x4690 Charging Voltage High I2 0 32767 4000 mV
Algorithm
Advanced Charge
Voltage Range 0x4692 Charging Voltage Hysteresis U1 0 255 0 mV
Algorithm
Advanced Charge
Termination Config 0x4693 Charge Term Taper Current I2 0 32767 250 mA
Algorithm
Advanced Charge
Termination Config 0x4697 Charge Term Voltage I2 0 32767 75 mV
Algorithm
Advanced Charge Cell Balancing
0x470B Bal Time/mAh Cell 1 U2 0 65535 354 s/mAh
Algorithm Config
0x470D Bal Time/mAh Cell 2 U2 0 65535 361 s/mAh
Algorithm Config
0x470F Min Start Balance Delta U1 0 255 3 mV
Algorithm Config
Advanced Charge Cell Balancing 429496729
0x4710 Relax Balance Interval U4 0 18000 s
Algorithm Config 5

0x4714 Min Rsoc for Balancing U1 0 100 80 %
Algorithm Config
Current
Gas Gauging 0x46A6 Dsg Current Threshold I2 –32768 32767 100 mA
Thresholds
Current
Gas Gauging 0x46A8 Chg Current Threshold I2 –32768 32767 50 mA
Thresholds
Current
Gas Gauging 0x46AA Quit Current I2 0 32767 10 mA
Thresholds
Current
Gas Gauging 0x46AC Dsg Relax Time U1 0 255 1 s
Thresholds
Current
Gas Gauging 0x46AD Chg Relax Time U1 0 255 60 s
Thresholds
Gas Gauging Standby 0x461D StandbyCurrent I2 –32768 0 –10 mA
Gas Gauging Max Load 0x461F Max Load Current I2 –32768 0 –500 mA
Gas Gauging Max Load 0x4621 Max Load Rsoc U1 0 100 50 %
Gas Gauging Design 0x462A Design Capacity mAh I2 0 32767 4400 mAh
Gas Gauging Design 0x462C Design Capacity cWh I2 0 32767 6336 cWh
Gas Gauging Design 0x462E Design Voltage I2 0 32767 7200 mV
Gas Gauging Cycle 0x4630 Cycle Count Percentage U1 0 100 90 %
Gas Gauging FD 0x4635 Set Voltage Threshold I2 0 5000 3000 mV
Gas Gauging FD 0x4637 Clear Voltage Threshold I2 0 5000 3100 mV
Gas Gauging FD 0x4639 Set % RSOC Threshold U1 0 100 0 %
Gas Gauging FD 0x463A Clear % RSOC Threshold U1 0 100 5 %
Gas Gauging FC 0x463B Set Voltage Threshold I2 0 5000 4200 mV
Gas Gauging FC 0x463D Clear Voltage Threshold I2 0 5000 4100 mV
Gas Gauging FC 0x463F Set % RSOC Threshold U1 0 100 100 %
Gas Gauging FC 0x4640 Clear % RSOC Threshold U1 0 100 95 %
Gas Gauging TD 0x4641 Set Voltage Threshold I2 0 5000 3200 mV
Gas Gauging TD 0x4643 Clear Voltage Threshold I2 0 5000 3300 mV
Gas Gauging TD 0x4645 Set % RSOC Threshold U1 0 100 6 %
Gas Gauging TD 0x4646 Clear % RSOC Threshold U1 0 100 8 %
Gas Gauging TC 0x4647 Set Voltage Threshold I2 0 5000 4200 mV
Gas Gauging TC 0x4649 Clear Voltage Threshold I2 0 5000 4100 mV
Gas Gauging TC 0x464B Set % RSOC Threshold U1 0 100 100 %
Gas Gauging TC 0x464C Clear % RSOC Threshold U1 0 100 95 %
Gas Gauging State 0x4206 Qmax Cell 1 I2 0 32767 4400 mAh
Gas Gauging State 0x4208 Qmax Cell 2 I2 0 32767 4400 mAh
Gas Gauging State 0x420A Qmax Pack I2 0 32767 4400 mAh
Gas Gauging State 0x420C Qmax Cycle Count U2 0 65535 0 —
Gas Gauging State 0x420E Update Status H1 0x0 0x0E 0x0 —
Gas Gauging State 0x420F Cell 1 Chg Voltage at EoC I2 0 32767 4200 mV
Gas Gauging State 0x4211 Cell 2 Chg Voltage at EoC I2 0 32767 4200 mV
Gas Gauging State 0x4213 Current at EoC I2 0 32767 250 mA
Gas Gauging State 0x4215 Avg I Last Run I2 –32768 32767 –2000 mA
Gas Gauging State 0x4217 Avg P Last Run I2 –32768 32767 –3022 cW
Gas Gauging State 0x4219 Delta Voltage I2 –32768 32767 0 mV
0.1°C/256
Gas Gauging State 0x421B Temp k I2 0 32767 100
cW
Gas Gauging State 0x421D Temp a I2 0 32767 1000 s
Gas Gauging State 0x421F Max Avg I Last Run I2 –32768 32767 –2000 mA
Gas Gauging State 0x4221 Max Avg P Last Run I2 –32768 32767 –3022 cW
0.1°C/256
Gas Gauging State 0x4223 SOH Temp k I2 0 32767 100
cW
Gas Gauging State 0x4225 SOH Temp a I2 0 32767 1000 s

Gas Gauging State 0x4240 Cycle Count U2 0 65535 0 —
Gas Gauging IT Cfg 0x4200 Design Resistance I2 1 32767 96 mΩ
Gas Gauging IT Cfg 0x4202 Pack Resistance I2 0 32767 30 mΩ
Gas Gauging IT Cfg 0x4204 System Resistance I2 0 32767 0 mΩ
Gas Gauging IT Cfg 0x458E Ra Filter U2 0 999 800 0.1%
Gas Gauging IT Cfg 0x4591 Ra Max Delta U1 0 255 15 %
Gas Gauging IT Cfg 0x4594 Resistance Parameter Filter U2 1 65535 65142 —
Gas Gauging IT Cfg 0x4596 Near EDV Ra Param Filter U2 1 65535 59220 —
Gas Gauging IT Cfg 0x45BC Qmax Delta U1 3 100 5 %
Gas Gauging IT Cfg 0x45BD Qmax Upper Bound U1 100 255 130 %
Gas Gauging IT Cfg 0x45BE Term Voltage I2 0 32767 6000 mV
Gas Gauging IT Cfg 0x45C0 Term V Hold Time U1 0 255 1 s
Gas Gauging IT Cfg 0x45C1 Term Voltage Delta I2 0 32767 300 mV
Gas Gauging IT Cfg 0x45C3 Term Min Cell V I2 0 32767 2800 mV
Gas Gauging IT Cfg 0x45CC Max Simulation Iterations U1 20 50 30 —
Gas Gauging IT Cfg 0x45DD Fast Scale Start SOC U1 0 100 10 %
Gas Gauging IT Cfg 0x45E6 Min Delta Voltage I2 –32768 32767 0 mV
Gas Gauging IT Cfg 0x4651 Load Select U1 0 7 7 —
Gas Gauging IT Cfg 0x4652 Load Mode U1 0 1 0 —
Gas Gauging IT Cfg 0x4653 User Rate-mA I2 –9000 0 0 mA
Gas Gauging IT Cfg 0x4655 User Rate-cW I2 –32768 0 0 cW
Gas Gauging IT Cfg 0x4657 Reserve Cap-mAh I2 0 9000 0 mAh
Gas Gauging IT Cfg 0x4659 Reserve Cap-cWh I2 0 32000 0 cWh
Gas Gauging Smoothing 0x465B Smooth Relax Time I2 1 32767 1000 s
0.1 Hr
Gas Gauging SoH 0x45E8 SoH Load Rate U1 0 255 50
rate
Power Power 0x460A Valid Update Voltage I2 0 32767 2800 mV
Power Shutdown 0x460C Shutdown Voltage I2 0 32767 2300 mV
Power Shutdown 0x460E Shutdown Time U1 0 255 10 s
Power Shutdown 0x460F Charger Present Threshold I2 0 32767 3000 mV
Power Sleep 0x4611 Sleep Current I2 0 32767 10 mA
Power Sleep 0x4613 Bus Timeout U1 0 255 5 s
Power Sleep 0x4618 Voltage Time U1 1 20 5 s
Power Sleep 0x4619 Current Time U1 1 60 20 s
Power Sleep 0x461A Wake Comparator H1 0x0 0xFF 0x0 Hex
Power Ship 0x461B FET Off Time U1 0 127 10 s
Power Ship 0x461C Delay U1 0 254 20 s
Power Ship 0x4622 Auto Ship Time U2 0 65535 1440 min
Device Status
PF Status 0x42C0 Safety Alert A H1 0x0 0xFF 0x0 Hex
Data
Device Status
PF Status 0x42C1 Safety Status A H1 0x0 0xFF 0x0 Hex
Data
Device Status
PF Status 0x42C2 Safety Alert B H1 0x0 0xFF 0x0 Hex
Data
Device Status
PF Status 0x42C3 Safety Status B H1 0x0 0xFF 0x0 Hex
Data
Device Status
PF Status 0x42C4 Safety Alert C H1 0x0 0xFF 0x0 Hex
Data
Device Status
PF Status 0x42C5 Safety Status C H1 0x0 0xFF 0x0 Hex
Data
Device Status
PF Status 0x42C6 Safety Alert D H1 0x0 0xFF 0x0 Hex
Data
Device Status
PF Status 0x42C7 Safety Status D H1 0x0 0xFF 0x0 Hex
Data

Device Status
PF Status 0x42C8 PF Alert A H1 0x0 0xFF 0x0 Hex
Data
Device Status
PF Status 0x42C9 PF Status A H1 0x0 0xFF 0x0 Hex
Data
Device Status
PF Status 0x42CA PF Alert B H1 0x0 0xFF 0x0 Hex
Data
Device Status
PF Status 0x42CB PF Status B H1 0x0 0xFF 0x0 Hex
Data
Device Status
PF Status 0x42CF PF Status D H1 0x0 0xFF 0x0 Hex
Data
Device Status
PF Status 0x42D0 Operation Status A H2 0x0 0xFFFF 0x0 Hex
Data
Device Status
PF Status 0x42D2 Operation Status B H2 0x0 0xFFFF 0x0 Hex
Data
Device Status
PF Status 0x42D4 Temp Range H1 0x0 0xFF 0x0 Hex
Data
Device Status
PF Status 0x42D5 Charging Status A H1 0x0 0xFF 0x0 Hex
Data
Device Status
PF Status 0x42D6 Charging Status B H1 0x0 0xFF 0x0 Hex
Data
Device Status
PF Status 0x42D7 Gauging Status H1 0x0 0xFF 0x0 Hex
Data
Device Status
PF Status 0x42D8 IT Status H2 0x0 0xFFFF 0x0 Hex
Data
Device Voltage
PF Status 0x42DA Cell 1 Voltage I2 –32768 32767 0 mV
Data
Device Voltage
PF Status 0x42DC Cell 2 Voltage I2 –32768 32767 0 mV
Data
Device Voltage
PF Status 0x42DE Battery Direct Voltage I2 –32768 32767 0 mV
Data
Device Voltage
PF Status 0x42E0 Pack Voltage I2 –32768 32767 0 mV
Data
Device Current
PF Status 0x42E2 Current I2 –32768 32767 0 mA
Data
Device
PF Status 0x42E4 Internal Temperature I2 –32768 32767 0 0.1°K
Temperature Data
Device
PF Status 0x42E6 External 1 Temperature I2 –32768 32767 0 0.1°K
Temperature Data
Device
PF Status 0x42E8 External 2 Temperature I2 –32768 32767 0 0.1°K
Temperature Data
Device Gauging
PF Status 0x42EA Cell 1 Dod0 I2 –32768 32767 0 —
Data
Device Gauging
PF Status 0x42EC Cell 2 Dod0 I2 –32768 32767 0 —
Data
Device Gauging
PF Status 0x42EE Passed Charge I2 –32768 32767 0 mAh
Data
PF Status AFE Regs 0x42F0 AFE Interrupt Status H1 0x0 0xFF 0x0 Hex
PF Status AFE Regs 0x42F1 AFE FET Status H1 0x0 0xFF 0x0 Hex
PF Status AFE Regs 0x42F2 AFE RXIN H1 0x0 0xFF 0x0 Hex
PF Status AFE Regs 0x42F3 AFE Latch Status H1 0x0 0xFF 0x0 Hex
PF Status AFE Regs 0x42F4 AFE Interrupt Enable H1 0x0 0xFF 0x0 Hex
PF Status AFE Regs 0x42F5 AFE FET Control H1 0x0 0xFF 0x0 Hex
PF Status AFE Regs 0x42F6 AFE RXIEN H1 0x0 0xFF 0x0 Hex
PF Status AFE Regs 0x42F7 AFE RLOUT H1 0x0 0xFF 0x0 Hex
PF Status AFE Regs 0x42F8 AFE RHOUT H1 0x0 0xFF 0x0 Hex
PF Status AFE Regs 0x42F9 AFE RHINT H1 0x0 0xFF 0x0 Hex
PF Status AFE Regs 0x42FA AFE Cell Balance H1 0x0 0xFF 0x0 Hex
PF Status AFE Regs 0x42FB AFE AD/CC Control H1 0x0 0xFF 0x0 Hex
PF Status AFE Regs 0x42FC AFE ADC Mux H1 0x0 0xFF 0x0 Hex

PF Status AFE Regs 0x42FD AFE LED Output H1 0x0 0xFF 0x0 Hex
PF Status AFE Regs 0x42FE AFE State Control H1 0x0 0xFF 0x0 Hex
PF Status AFE Regs 0x42FF AFE LED/Wake Control H1 0x0 0xFF 0x0 Hex
PF Status AFE Regs 0x4300 AFE Protection Control H1 0x0 0xFF 0x0 Hex
PF Status AFE Regs 0x4301 AFE OCD H1 0x0 0xFF 0x0 Hex
PF Status AFE Regs 0x4302 AFE SCC H1 0x0 0xFF 0x0 Hex
PF Status AFE Regs 0x4303 AFE SCD1 H1 0x0 0xFF 0x0 Hex
PF Status AFE Regs 0x4304 AFE SCD2 H1 0x0 0xFF 0x0 Hex
System Data Manufacturer Data 0x4041 Manufacturer Info Block A01 H1 0x0 0xFF 0x61 Hex
System Data Manufacturer Data 0x404A Manufacturer Info Block A10 H1 0x0 0xFF 0x6A Hex
System Data Manufacturer Data 0x404B Manufacturer Info Block A11 H1 0x0 0xFF 0x6B Hex
System Data Manufacturer Data 0x404C Manufacturer Info Block A12 H1 0x0 0xFF 0x6C Hex
System Data Manufacturer Data 0x404D Manufacturer Info Block A13 H1 0x0 0xFF 0x6D Hex
System Data Manufacturer Data 0x404E Manufacturer Info Block A14 H1 0x0 0xFF 0x6E Hex
System Data Manufacturer Data 0x404F Manufacturer Info Block A15 H1 0x0 0xFF 0x6F Hex
System Data Manufacturer Data 0x4058 Manufacturer Info Block A24 H1 0x0 0xFF 0x7A Hex
System Data Manufacturer Data 0x405A Manufacturer Info Block A26 H1 0x0 0xFF 0x79 Hex
System Data Manufacturer Data 0x405B Manufacturer Info Block A27 H1 0x0 0xFF 0x30 Hex
System Data Manufacturer Data 0x405C Manufacturer Info Block A28 H1 0x0 0xFF 0x31 Hex
System Data Manufacturer Data 0x405D Manufacturer Info Block A29 H1 0x0 0xFF 0x32 Hex
System Data Manufacturer Data 0x405E Manufacturer Info Block A30 H1 0x0 0xFF 0x33 Hex
System Data Manufacturer Data 0x405F Manufacturer Info Block A31 H1 0x0 0xFF 0x34 Hex
System Data Integrity 0x4061 Static DF Signature H2 0x0 0x7FFF 0x0 Hex
System Data Integrity 0x4063 Static Chem DF Signature H2 0x0 0x7FFF 0x6C98 Hex
System Data Integrity 0x4065 All DF Signature H2 0x0 0x7FFF 0x0 Hex
I2C Configuration Data 0x4067 Manufacture Date U2 0 65535 0 date
I2C Configuration Data 0x4069 Serial Number H2 0x0 0xFFFF 0x0001 Hex
Texas
I2C Configuration Data 0x406B Manufacturer Name S21 x x Instrumen —
ts
BQ28Z61
I2C Configuration Data 0x4080 Device Name S21 x x —
0
I2C Configuration Data 0x4095 Device Chemistry S5 x x LION —
Lifetimes Voltage 0x4280 Cell 1 Max Voltage I2 0 32767 0 mV

Lifetimes Voltage 0x4282 Cell 2 Max Voltage I2 0 32767 0 mV
Lifetimes Current 0x4284 Max Charge Current I2 0 32767 0 mA
Lifetimes Current 0x4286 Max Discharge Current I2 –32768 0 0 mA
Lifetimes Temperature 0x4288 Max Temp Cell I1 –128 127 –128 °C
Lifetimes Temperature 0x4289 Min Temp Cell I1 –128 127 127 °C
Ra Table R_a0 0x4100 Cell0 R_a flag H2 0x0 0xFFFF 0xFF55 —
Ra Table R_a0 0x4102 Cell0 R_a 0 I2 0 32767 67 2–10 Ω
Ra Table R_a0 0x410A Cell0 R_a 4 I2 0 32767 96 2–10 Ω
Ra Table R_a0 0x410C Cell0 R_a 5 I2 0 32767 77 2–10 Ω
Ra Table R_a0 0x410E Cell0 R_a 6 I2 0 32767 96 2–10 Ω
Ra Table R_a1 0x4140 Cell1 R_a flag H2 0x0 0xFFFF 0xFF55 —
Ra Table R_a0x 0x4180 xCell0 R_a flag H2 0x0 0xFFFF 0xFFFF —
Ra Table R_a0x 0x4182 xCell0 R_a 0 I2 0 32767 67 2–10 Ω
Ra Table R_a0x 0x418A xCell0 R_a 4 I2 0 32767 96 2–10 Ω
Ra Table R_a0x 0x418C xCell0 R_a 5 I2 0 32767 77 2–10 Ω
Ra Table R_a0x 0x418E xCell0 R_a 6 I2 0 32767 96 2–10 Ω

Ra Table R_a0x 0x419A xCell0 R_a 12 I2 0 32767 103 2–10 Ω
Ra Table R_a0x 0x419C xCell0 R_a 13 I2 0 32767 123 2–10 Ω
Ra Table R_a0x 0x419E xCell0 R_a 14 I2 0 32767 658 2–10 Ω
Ra Table R_a1x 0x41C0 xCell1 R_a flag H2 0x0 0xFFFF 0xFFFF —
Ra Table R_a1x 0x41C2 xCell1 R_a 0 I2 0 32767 67 –10
2 Ω
Ra Table R_a1x 0x41C4 xCell1 R_a 1 I2 0 32767 71 2–10 Ω
Ra Table R_a1x 0x41CA xCell1 R_a 4 I2 0 32767 96 2–10 Ω
Ra Table R_a1x 0x41CC xCell1 R_a 5 I2 0 32767 77 2–10 Ω
Ra Table R_a1x 0x41CE xCell1 R_a 6 I2 0 32767 96 2–10 Ω
Ra Table R_a1x 0x41D0 xCell1 R_a 7 I2 0 32767 86 2–10 Ω
Ra Table R_a1x 0x41DA xCell1 R_a 12 I2 0 32767 103 2–10 Ω
Ra Table R_a1x 0x41DC xCell1 R_a 13 I2 0 32767 123 2–10 Ω
Ra Table R_a1x 0x41DE xCell1 R_a 14 I2 0 32767 658 2–10 Ω
Appendix A
AFE Threshold and Delay Settings
A.1 Overload in Discharge Protection (AOLD)
Table A-1. Overload in Discharge Protection Threshold

(Settings:AFE:AFE Protection Control [RSNS] = 0) (1)
OLD Threshold ([RSNS] = 0)
Setting Threshold Setting Threshold
0x00 –8.30 mV 0x08 –30.54 mV
0x01 –11.08 mV 0x09 –33.32 mV
0x02 –13.86 mV 0x0A –36.10 mV
0x03 –16.64 mV 0x0B –38.88 mV
0x04 –19.42 mV 0x0C –41.66 mV
0x05 –22.20 mV 0x0D –44.44 mV
0x06 –24.98 mV 0x0E –47.22 mV
0x07 –27.76 mV 0x0F –50.00 mV
(1)
The data flash setting Protection:AFE Thresholds:OLD Threshold[3:0] sets the voltage threshold.
Table A-2. Overload in Discharge Protection Threshold

OLD Threshold ([RSNS] = 1)
0x00 –16.60 mV 0x08 –61.08 mV
0x01 –22.16 mV 0x09 –66.64 mV
0x02 –27.72 mV 0x0A –72.20 mV
0x03 –33.28 mV 0x0B –77.76 mV
0x04 –38.84 mV 0x0C –83.32 mV
0x05 –44.40 mV 0x0D –88.88 mV
0x06 –49.96 mV 0x0E –94.44 mV
0x07 –55.52 mV 0x0F –100.00 mV
(1)
The data flash setting Protection:AFE Thresholds:OLD Threshold[3:0] sets the voltage threshold.
Table A-3. Overload in Discharge Protection Delay (1)

Setting Time Setting Time Setting Time Setting Time
0x00 1 ms 0x04 9 ms 0x08 17 ms 0x0C 25 ms
0x01 3 ms 0x05 11 ms 0x09 19 ms 0x0D 27 ms
0x02 5 ms 0x06 13 ms 0x0A 21 ms 0x0E 29 ms
0x03 7 ms 0x07 15 ms 0x0B 23 ms 0x0F 31 ms
(1)
The data flash setting Protection:AFE Thresholds:OLD Threshold[7:4] sets the delay time.
SLUUA65D – April 2014 – Revised January 2020 AFE Threshold and Delay Settings 123
Short Circuit in Charge (ASCC) www.ti.com
A.2 Short Circuit in Charge (ASCC)
Table A-4. Short Circuit in Charge Threshold

0x00 22.2 mV 0x04 66.65 mV
0x01 33.3 mV 0x05 77.75 mV
0x02 44.4 mV 0x06 88.85 mV
0x03 55.5 mV 0x07 100 mV
(1)
The data flash setting Protection:AFE Thresholds:SCC Threshold[2:0] sets the voltage threshold.
Table A-5. Short Circuit in Charge Threshold

0x00 44.4 mV 0x04 133.3 mV
0x01 66.6 mV 0x05 155.5 mV
0x02 88.8 mV 0x06 177.7 mV
0x03 111.1 mV 0x07 200 mV
(1)
The data flash setting Protection:AFE Thresholds:SCC Threshold[2:0] sets the voltage threshold.
Table A-6. Short Circuit in Charge Delay (1)

0x00 0 µs 0x04 244 µs 0x08 488 µs 0x0C 732 µs
0x01 61 µs 0x05 305 µs 0x09 549 µs 0x0D 793 µs
0x02 122 µs 0x06 366 µs 0x0A 610 µs 0x0E 854 µs
0x03 183 µs 0x07 427 µs 0x0B 671 µs 0x0F 915 µs
(1)
The data flash setting Protection:AFE Thresholds:SCC Threshold[7:4] sets the delay time.
A.3 Short Circuit in Discharge (ASCD1 and ASCD2)
Table A-7. Short Circuit in Discharge Threshold

0x00 –22.2 mV 0x04 –66.65 mV
0x01 –33.3 mV 0x05 –77.75 mV
0x02 –44.4 mV 0x06 –88.85 mV
0x03 –55.5 mV 0x07 –100 mV
(1)
The data flash setting Protection:AFE Thresholds:SCD1 Threshold[2:0] and Protection:AFE Thresholds:SCD2
Threshold[2:0] sets the voltage thresholds.
Table A-8. Short Circuit in Discharge Threshold

0x00 –44.4 mV 0x04 –133.3 mV
0x01 –66.6 mV 0x05 –155.5 mV
0x02 –88.8 mV 0x06 –177.7 mV
0x03 –111.1 mV 0x07 –200 mV
(1)
The data flash setting Protection:AFE Thresholds:SCD1 Threshold[2:0] and Protection:AFE Thresholds:SCD2
Threshold[2:0] sets the voltage thresholds.
124 AFE Threshold and Delay Settings SLUUA65D – April 2014 – Revised January 2020
www.ti.com Short Circuit in Discharge (ASCD1 and ASCD2)
Table A-9. Short Circuit in Discharge 1 Delay

(Settings:AFE:AFE Protection Control [SCDDx2] = 0) (1)
0x00 0 µs 0x04 244 µs 0x08 488 µs 0x0C 732 µs
0x01 61 µs 0x05 305 µs 0x09 549 µs 0x0D 793 µs
0x02 122 µs 0x06 366 µs 0x0A 610 µs 0x0E 854 µs
0x03 183 µs 0x07 427 µs 0x0B 671 µs 0x0F 915 µs
(1)
The data flash setting Protection:AFE Thresholds:SCD1Threshold[7:4] sets the delay time.

0x00 0 µs 0x04 488 µs 0x08 976 µs 0x0C 1464 µs
0x01 122 µs 0x05 610 µs 0x09 1098 µs 0x0D 1586 µs
0x02 244 µs 0x06 732 µs 0x0A 1220 µs 0x0E 1708 µs
0x03 366 µs 0x07 854 µs 0x0B 1342 µs 0x0F 1830 µs
(1)
The data flash setting Protection:AFE Thresholds:SCD1 Threshold[7:4] sets the delay time.

0x00 0 µs 0x04 122 µs 0x08 244 µs 0x0C 366 µs
0x01 31 µs 0x05 153 µs 0x09 275 µs 0x0D 396 µs
0x02 61 µs 0x06 183 µs 0x0A 305 µs 0x0E 427 µs
0x03 92 µs 0x07 214 µs 0x0B 335 µs 0x0F 458 µs
(1)

0x00 0 µs 0x04 244 µs 0x08 488 µs 0x0C 732 µs
0x01 62 µs 0x05 306 µs 0x09 550 µs 0x0D 792 µs
0x02 122 µs 0x06 366 µs 0x0A 610 µs 0x0E 854 µs
0x03 184 µs 0x07 428 µs 0x0B 670 µs 0x0F 916 µs
(1)
SLUUA65D – April 2014 – Revised January 2020 AFE Threshold and Delay Settings 125
Revision History www.ti.com
Revision History
NOTE: Page numbers for previous revisions may differ from page numbers in the current version.
Changes from C Revision (October 2018) to D Revision ............................................................................................... Page
• Changed Temperature Protections .................................................................................................... 13

• Added VIMR/VIMA in Permanent Faill ................................................................................................ 17
• Changed Impedance Track Configuration ............................................................................................ 30
• Changed QMax and Ra ................................................................................................................. 32
• Changed Section 6.4.3 .................................................................................................................. 33
• Changed Impedance Track (IT) Configuration Options ............................................................................. 37
• Changed State-of-Health (SOH) ....................................................................................................... 37
• Changed the Cell Balancing Time Formula in Cell Balancing Setup ............................................................. 42
• Changed Lifetime Data Collection ..................................................................................................... 46
• Added 0x0E/0F MaxError() ............................................................................................................. 60
• Changed AltManufacturerAccess() 0x0053 PFStatus .............................................................................. 74
• Changed Configuration ................................................................................................................. 90
• Changed Permanent Failure ........................................................................................................... 93
• Changed Manufacturing ................................................................................................................ 94
• Added thermal model temperature factor for SOH in State ...................................................................... 100
• Changed PTO—PRECHARGE Mode Time Out ................................................................................... 106
• Changed CTO—FAST CHARGE Mode Time Out ................................................................................. 106
• Changed Data Flash Table ........................................................................................................... 115
Changes from B Revision (May 2016) to C Revision ...................................................................................................... Page
• Changed Maintenance Charge ........................................................................................................ 24

• Added BROADCAST Mode ............................................................................................................ 24
• Changed NORMAL Mode .............................................................................................................. 26
• Added Emergency FET Shutdown .................................................................................................... 28
• Changed Impedance Track Configuration ............................................................................................ 29
• Changed Impedance Track (IT) Configuration Options ............................................................................. 37
• Changed the Cell Balancing Time Formula in Cell Balancing Setup ............................................................. 42
• Changed Section 9.4 .................................................................................................................... 48
• Changed Standard Data Commands ................................................................................................. 57
• Changed Standard Commands ........................................................................................................ 58
• Added 0x24/25 BTPDischargeSet() ................................................................................................... 62
• Added 0x26/27 BTPChargeSet() ...................................................................................................... 62
• Changed Section 12.1.24 ............................................................................................................... 63
• Changed 0x0010 SHUTDOWN Mode ................................................................................................ 68
• Changed 0x0011 SLEEP Mode........................................................................................................ 68
• Changed 0x0054 OperationStatus .................................................................................................... 75
• Changed 0x0073 ITStatus1 ............................................................................................................ 82
• Changed Section 12.2.40 ............................................................................................................... 83
• Changed 0x0076 CB Status ............................................................................................................ 84
• Changed Charger ........................................................................................................................ 92
• Changed Section 13.6.11 ............................................................................................................. 102
126 Revision History SLUUA65D – April 2014 – Revised January 2020

www.ti.com Revision History
Changes from A Revision (December 2015) to B Revision ........................................................................................... Page
• Changed QMax and Ra ................................................................................................................. 32

• Changed Standard Data Commands ................................................................................................. 57
• Changed Section 12.1.1 ................................................................................................................ 58
• Changed 0x0054 OperationStatus .................................................................................................... 75
• Changed Section 12.2.32 ............................................................................................................... 78
• Changed Section 12.2.33 ............................................................................................................... 80
• Added Section 13.2.4 ................................................................................................................... 89
• Changed Section 13.3.1 ................................................................................................................ 92
• Changed Section 13.3.3 ................................................................................................................ 93
• Changed Section 13.3.3 ................................................................................................................ 93
• Changed Section 13.12.1 ............................................................................................................. 107
SLUUA65D – April 2014 – Revised January 2020 Revision History 127

IMPORTANT NOTICE AND DISCLAIMER
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AND WITH ALL FAULTS, AND DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS AND IMPLIED, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION ANY
IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR NON-INFRINGEMENT OF THIRD
PARTY INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS.
These resources are intended for skilled developers designing with TI products. You are solely responsible for (1) selecting the appropriate
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BQ28Z610

Literature Number: SLUUA65D

2 Contents SLUUA65D – April 2014 – Revised January 2020

4.12 Charge Disable and Discharge Disable ................................................................................. 24

SLUUA65D – April 2014 – Revised January 2020 Contents 3

11.3 PACK Voltage Calibration ................................................................................................. 53

4 Contents SLUUA65D – April 2014 – Revised January 2020

12.2.12 AltManufacturerAccess() 0x0012 Device Reset ............................................................ 68

SLUUA65D – April 2014 – Revised January 2020 Contents 5

13.3.1 Configuration ...................................................................................................... 90

6 Contents SLUUA65D – April 2014 – Revised January 2020

13.10.7 ASCD—AFE Short Circuit in Discharge ................................................................... 105

SLUUA65D – April 2014 – Revised January 2020 Contents 7

Read this First

8 Preface SLUUA65D – April 2014 – Revised January 2020

SLUUA65D – April 2014 – Revised January 2020 Introduction 9

2.2 Cell Undervoltage Protection

Status Condition Action

2.3 Cell Overvoltage Protection

10 Protections SLUUA65D – April 2014 – Revised January 2020

2.4 Overcurrent in Charge Protection

Status Condition Action

SLUUA65D – April 2014 – Revised January 2020 Protections 11

2.5 Overcurrent in Discharge Protection

Status Condition Action

2.6 Hardware-Based Protection

NOTE: There is no PRES pin on the BQ28Z610 device.

2.6.1 Overload in Discharge Protection

Status Condition Action

12 Protections SLUUA65D – April 2014 – Revised January 2020

2.6.2 Short Circuit in Charge Protection

Status Condition Action

2.6.3 Short Circuit in Discharge Protection

Status Condition Action

2.7 Temperature Protections

2.8 Overtemperature in Charge Protection

Status Condition Action

SLUUA65D – April 2014 – Revised January 2020 Protections 13

Status Condition Action

2.9 Overtemperature in Discharge Protection

Status Condition Action

2.10 Undertemperature in Charge Protection

Status Condition Action

2.11 Undertemperature in Discharge Protection

Status Condition Action

14 Protections SLUUA65D – April 2014 – Revised January 2020

2.12 Precharge Timeout Protection

Status Condition Action

2.13 Fast Charge Timeout Protection

Status Condition Action

SLUUA65D – April 2014 – Revised January 2020 Protections 15

3.2 Safety Cell Overvoltage Permanent Fail

Status Condition Action

16 Permanent Fail SLUUA65D – April 2014 – Revised January 2020

3.3 Voltage Imbalance at Rest Permanent Fail

Status Condition Action

3.4 Voltage Imbalance Active Permanent Fail

Status Condition Action

3.5 Charge FET Permanent Failure