Road To Health Booklet
Road To Health Booklet
Road To Health Booklet
Child’s name:
Date of birth:
Gender:
CHILD’S NAME:
CHILD’S SURNAME:
DATE OF BIRTH: Y Y Y Y - M M - D D
CHILD’S ID NUMBER:
ii
For your child to grow and develop best he/she needs: Love 22
1 Good nutrition
2 Lots of love, playing and talking
3 Protection from disease and injury Protection 26
4 Health care when they are sick or injured
5 Extra care and support if and when they need it
Health care 30
Read this book from cover to cover to learn how
you can help your child grow and develop. Please
keep this book in a safe place and take it with you Extra care 40
every time that your child visits a clinic, hospital,
doctor or other health facility.
Immunisation p27
Development p23
TB screen p40
Vitamin A p28
Age Date Next date
3 – 6 days
6 weeks
10 weeks
14 weeks
4 months
5 months
6 months
7 months
8 months
9 months
10 months
11 months
12 months
14 months
16 months
18 months
20 months
22 months
2 years
2 and a
half years
3 years
3 and a
half years
4 years
4 and a
half years
5 years
6 years
12 years
Birth to 6 months
l Breastfeeding is the best way to feed your baby.
It is the ideal food for your baby to grow, develop
and be healthy.
Bring your baby to the breast as
l Give your baby ONLY breast milk for the first opposed to leaning forward to stretch
six months of life. Do not give porridge, water your breast into your baby’s mouth.
or any other liquids. Do not give any other Support your baby’s head and neck.
home or traditional medicines or remedies.
d
Only give your baby medicines they receive
from the clinic or hospital.
l Breastfeed as often as your baby wants,
both day and night.
l Breastfeed your baby at least 8 times in
24 hours. The more your baby feeds the more
milk you will produce. Almost all mothers will
produce enough milk for their baby not to
Place your thumb on the top part of
need anything else for the first six months. where the dark ring around your nipple
l You can express breastmilk for other carers to meets your breast. Place your remaining
give to your baby while you are away. They fingers below where the dark ring around
your nipple meets your breast. To
should use a clean cup, rather than a bottle. express milk, press your pointing finger
Store expressed breastmilk in a clean glass or and thumb together. Make sure that
plastic cup with a lid. Defrost in a fridge or at your hand is pushing your breast
towards, and not away, from your body.
room temperature over 12 hours or
by standing in water. Do not boil or
microwave. How long to store expressed breastmilk?
l It is best not to use bottles or Temperature Duration
artificial teats (dummies). Some Room temperature Up to 8 hours
babies find it difficult to suckle at Fridge Up to 6 days
the breast after using a dummy. Ice box freezer in fridge 3 months
Bottles are also difficult to clean Deep freezer (-18ºC) 3-6 months
and may have germs that can
make your baby sick.
l If you are HIV-positive, remember to always take your HIV or antiretroviral
treatment. This makes breastfeeding safe.
l Breastfeeding mothers should eat healthy food. They must not drink alcohol,
smoke or take other harmful drugs.
Why should I give only breastmilk during the first six months of life?
l Breastmilk contains all the nutrients your baby needs for the first 6 months
of life.
l Baby’s tummy (intestine/gut) is not yet ready for any other foods, water or
other liquids before 6 months.
l Babies may get diarrhoea, constipation , infections and allergies if other
foods, or other liquids – including water – are given before the baby is 6
months old.
l Breastmilk contains enough water to quench your baby’s thirst during the
first 6 months of life, even in hot weather.
l Breastmilk contains special properties that keep your baby healthy. Breastfeeding
reduces the chance of your baby getting pneumonia and diarrhoea.
l Giving other foods before six months will cause you to produce less breastmilk
and your baby will not get all the nutrients they need to grow and develop well.
Remember:
l From the age of 6 months, give your baby clean, safe-to-drink water from a
cup during the day. Boil the water and cool before you give it to your child.
l Always stay next to your child when they are eating.
l Keep food and cooking utensils very clean to prevent diarrhoea.
l Always wash your hands and your child’s hands with soap and water
before preparing food, before eating, and after using the toilet and
changing nappies.
l It’s not necessary to buy baby food or baby cereals. Homemade foods
are good.
l Don’t give your child Rooibos tea or any other tea, coffee, creamers,
condensed milk, flour water, sugar water, and cold drinks. These foods
and drinks do not contain any nutrients and will not help your child to
grow.
l Avoid giving your child unhealthy foods like chips, sweets, sugar and
fizzy drinks.
l Infant formula increases risk of your baby getting diarrhoea, allergies,
and breathing problems.
The charts help your health worker find any problems with
your child’s growth. Ask your health worker to explain to you,
using the charts, how your child is growing.
10
31
30,5
30kg
29,5
29
28,5
ine
28
+3 l
27,5
27 27
26,5 26,5
26 26
25,5 25,5
25kg
ine
25kg
+2 l
24,5 24,5
24 24
23,5 23,5
23 23
22,5 22,5
22 22
21,5 21,5
21
WEIGHT IN KILOGRAMS (kg)
21
n)
20,5 20,5
dia
20kg 80cm 100cm 120
e
85 90 95 105 110
(M
ne
19,5 19,5
0 li
19 19
18,5 18,5
18 18
17,5 17,5
17 17
e
lin
-2
16,5 16,5
16 16
e
lin
15,5 15,5
15kg
-3
15kg
14,5 14,5
14 14
13,5 13,5
13 13
12,5 12,5
12 12
11,5 11,5
11 11
10,5 10,5
10kg 45 50 55 60cm 65 70 75 80cm 85 90 95 100cm 105 110 115 120
9,5 9,5
9 9
8,5 8,5
8 8
7,5 7,5
7 7
6,5 6,5
6 6
5,5 5,5
5kg 5kg
4,5 4,5
4 4
3,5 3,5
3 3
2,5 2,5
2 2
1,5 1,5
1
45 50 55 60cm 65 70 75 80cm 85 90 95 100cm 105 110 115 120
LENGTH/HEIGHT IN CENTIMETRE (CM)
11
20kg
19.5
19
18.5
18
17.5
17kg 17kg 17
16.5 16.5 16.5
16 16 16
15.5 15.5 15.5
15 15 15
14.5 14.5 14.5
14 14 14
13.5 13.5 13.5
13 13 13
+3 line
12.5 12.5 12.5
12 12 12
11.5 11.5 +2 line 11.5
11 11 11
10.5 10.5 10.5
10 10 10
9.5 9.5 9.5
)
9 9 0 Line (median 9
8.5 8.5 8.5
8 8 8
7.5 7.5 -2 line 7.5
7 7 7
-3 line 6.5
6.5 6.5
6 6 6
5.5 5.5 5.5
5 5 5
4.5 4.5 4.5
4 4 4
3.5 3.5 3.5
3 3 3
2.5 2.5
2 2
1.5 1.5
1 1
0.5 0.5
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
WEEKS
Birth Weight 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
1 2 3
Months
Birth to 1 year
12
24kg 24kg
23.5 23.5
23 23
22.5 22.5
22 22
21.5 21.5
21 21
20.5 20.5
20kg 20 + 3 line 20
19.5 19.5 19.5
19 19 19
18.5 18.5 18.5
18 18 e 18
17.5 17.5 +2 lin 17.5
17 17 17
16.5 16.5 16.5
16 16 16
15.5 15.5 15.5
15 15 15
14.5 14.5 14.5
14 14 edian) 14
0 Line (m
13.5 13.5 13.5
13 13 13
12.5 12.5 12.5
12 12 12
11.5 11.5 11.5
11 11 -2 line 11
10.5 10.5 10.5
10 10 10
-3 line
9.5 9.5 9.5
9 9 9
8.5 8.5 8.5
8 8 8
7.5 7.5 7.5
7 7 7
6.5 6.5 6.5
6 6 6
5.5 5.5 5.5
5 5 5
4.5 4.5
4 4
3.5 3.5 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36
3 3 Months
13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 2 to 3 years
Months
1 to 2 years
12
Interpretation of lines:
l This Weight-for-Age Chart shows body-weight relative to age in comparison to the Median (green
0-line).
l A boy whose weight-for-age is below the orange -2 line, is underweight.
l A boy whose weight-for-age is below the red -3 line, is severely underweight.
l If his line crosses a z-score line and the shift is away from the median, this may indicate a problem
or risk of a problem.
l If his line shifts away from his birth trend line, this may indicate a problem or a risk of a problem.
13
29kg 29kg
28.5 28.5
28 28
27.5 27.5
e
lin
27kg 27kg +3 27kg
26.5 26.5 26.5
26 26 26
25.5 25.5 25.5
25 25 25
24.5 24.5 24.5
24 24 24
line
23.5 23.5 +2 23.5
23kg 23 23kg
22.5 22.5 22.5
22 22 22
21.5 21.5 21.5
21 21 21
20.5 20.5 20.5
20 20 20
19.5 19.5 19.5
19 19 19
18.5 18.5 18.5
18 18 ian) 18
med
17.5 17.5 0Line ( 17.5
17 17 17
16.5 16.5 16.5
16 16 16
15.5 15.5 15.5
15 15 15
14.5 14.5 14.5
14 14 14
-2 line
13.5 13.5 13.5
13 13 13
12.5 12.5 12.5
12 12 -3 line 12
11.5 11.5 11.5
11 11 11
10.5 10.5 10.5
10 10 10
9.5 9.5 9.5
9 9 9
8.5 8.5 8.5
8 8 8
7.5 7.5 7.5
7 7 7
6.5
6
5.5 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60
Months
36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 4 to 5 years
Months
3 to 4 years
14
110
105
100
95
90
85
80
75
70
65
60
55
50
45
5 years
30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50 52 54 56 58 60
n)
edia
e
line
e
lin
-3 line
-2 lin
e (m
+2
+3
0 Lin
4 years
3 years
24 26 28
2 years
Age (completed months and years)
FOR PERIODIC USE
(every 6 months)
18 20 22
11 12 14 16
1 year
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Birth
MONTHS
125
120
115
110
105
100
95
90
85
80
75
70
65
60
55
50
45
Length/Height (cm)
INTERPRETATION OF LINES
INTERPRETATION OF LINES
This Length/Height-for-Age Chart
This Length/Height-for-Age Chart shows
shows height
height relative
relative to
to age
age in
in comparison
comparison to
to the
the Median
Mediangreen (0-line)
whose length/height-for-age is below the orange -2 line, is stunted
A boy (0-line)
green
AA boy
boy whose
whose length/height-for-age
length/height-for-age is
is below
below the
the red -3 line,
orange is severely
-2 line, stunted
is stunted
A boy whose length/height-for-age is below the red -3 line, is severely stunted
15
20kg
19.5
19
18.5
18
17.5
17kg 17kg 17
16.5 16.5 16.5
16 16 16
15.5 15.5 15.5
15 15 15
14.5 14.5 14.5
14 14 14
13.5 13.5 13.5
13 13 13
12.5 12.5 +3 line 12.5
12 12 12
11.5 11.5 11.5
+2 line
11 11 11
10.5 10.5 10.5
10 10 10
9.5 9.5 9.5
9 9 9
8.5 8.5 0 Line (median) 8.5
8 8 8
7.5 7.5 7.5
7 7 -2 line 7
6.5 6.5 6.5
6 6 -3 line 6
5.5 5.5 5.5
5 5 5
4.5 4.5 4.5
4 4 4
3.5 3.5 3.5
3 3 3
2.5 2.5
2 2
1.5 1.5
1 1
0.5 0.5
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
WEEKS
Birth Weight 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
1 2 3
Months
Birth to 1 year
16
24kg 24kg
23.5 23.5
23 23
22.5 22.5
22 22
21.5 21.5
21 21
20.5 20.5
e
20kg 20 +3 lin 20
19.5 19.5 19.5
19 19 19
18.5 18.5 18.5
18 18 18
17.5 17.5 e 17.5
+2 lin
17 17 17
16.5 16.5 16.5
16 16 16
15.5 15.5 15.5
15 15 15
14.5 14.5 14.5
14 14 14
13.5 13.5 n) 13.5
(media
13 13 0 Line 13
12.5 12.5 12.5
12 12 12
11.5 11.5 11.5
11 11 11
10.5 10.5 -2 line 10.5
10 10 10
9.5 9.5 9.5
-3 line
9 9 9
8.5 8.5 8.5
8 8 8
7.5 7.5 7.5
7 7 7
6.5 6.5 6.5
6 6 6
5.5 5.5 5.5
5 5kg 5kg
4.5
4
25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36
3.5
Months
3
13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
2 to 3 years
Months
1 to 2 years
12
Interpretation of lines:
l This Weight-for-Age Chart shows body-weight relative to age in comparison to the Median (0-line).
l A girl whose weight-for-age is below the orange (-2 line), is underweight.
l A girl whose weight-for-age is below the red (-3 line), is severely underweight.
l If her line crosses a z-score line and the shift is away from the median, this may indicate a
problem or risk of a problem.
l If her line shifts away from her birth trend line, this may indicate a problem or a risk of a problem.
17
Months
36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 4 to 5 years
Months
3 to 4 years
18
115
110
105
100
5 years
95
90
85
80
75
70
65
60
55
50
45
16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50 52 54 56 58 60
)
dian
e
line
e
2 lin
-3 line
-2 lin
e
e (m
+3
0 Lin
4 years
3 years
Age (completed months and years)
2 years
FOR PERIODIC USE
(every 6 months)
11 12 14
1 year
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1 MONTHS
Birth
125
120
115
110
105
100
95
90
85
80
75
70
65
60
55
50
45
Length/Height (cm)
INTERPRETATION OF LINES
INTERPRETATION OF LINES
This Length/Height-for-Age Chart shows height relative to age in comparison to the Median green (0-line)
A This Length/Height-for-Age
boy whose Chart
length/height-for-age is shows height
below the relative
orange to age
-2 line, in comparison to the Median green (0-line)
is stunted
A Aboy
girlwhose
whoselength/height-for-age
length/height-for-ageisisbelow
belowthe
the orange
red -2isline,
-3 line, is stunted
severely stunted
A girl whose length/height-for-age is below the red -3 line, is severely stunted
19
32kg
31,5
31
30,5
30kg 30
29,5
29 29
28,5
28 28
27,5
27 27
26,5
26 26
25,5
e
25kg
lin
45 50 55 60 65 70 75
25 85 90 95 100 105
+3
24,5
24 24
e
lin
23,5
+2
23 23
22,5
WEIGHT IN KILOGRAM (kg)
22 22
21,5
21 21
20,5
20kg 20
n)
ia
19,5
ed
19 19
(M
18,5
e
lin
18 18
0
17,5
17 17
16,5
16 16 e
15,5 lin
15kg -2 e
15 lin
14,5 -3
14 14
13,5
13 13
12,5
12 12
11,5
11 11
10,5
10kg 10
9,5
9 9
8,5
8 8
7,5
7 7
6,5
6 6
5,5
5kg 5
4,5
4 4
3,5
3 3
2,5
2 2
1,5
1
45 50 55
60cm 65 70 75
80cm 85 90 95
100cm 105 110 115
120
20
21
There are some basic things you can do to help your child to develop and learn:
l Be there for your child. You are the most important person in your child’s life.
All children want to feel safe, loved and cared for.
l Bond with your child. Keep your baby close to you as much as possible in the
first weeks of life. This will help to calm them and help them to sleep, grow
and feed well.
l Be responsive. Pay attention to your child’s interests, emotions and their likes
and dislikes and respond to them – this will help you to understand them
better and to best meet your child’s needs
l Your baby learns from birth. Hold, hug, sing, and talk to your baby, especially
during feeding, bathing and dressing
l Children learn through playing, exploring and interacting with others. Give
your child the chance to explore and play in a safe space and to play with
clean household objects or toys.
l Tell stories and read to your child. Talk about the pictures, let them ask
questions, allow them to tell you a story or what happened in the storybook
as you go along.
22
Uses at least
3 words other
than names
Occupational Speech
therapist therapist
If specified health professional not available, refer to one of the following health professionals for an
initial developmental assessment: Doctor/physiotherapist/occupational therapist/speech therapist
24
Head Circumference
14 weeks (cm)
Range 38 – 43 cm
12 months (cm)
Range 43.5 – 48.5cm
25
l Immunisations are free. They protect your baby from common childhood
illnesses and disease. Make sure your baby gets all his or her immunisations.
l Go to the clinic for your follow-up visits for you and your baby within six days of
birth and at six weeks.
l Make sure that you know when your baby needs to return to the clinic for
immunisations or other care. If you miss the date for your clinic visit, make
sure that you return as soon as possible.
l If you are HIV positive, get your baby tested for HIV at birth and at 10 weeks.
l All children between 6 months and five years should receive Vitamin A and
deworming medicines every six months. This helps to keep them healthy.
l Remember to wash your hands after using the toilet, changing nappies, before
preparing meals and before feeding children. Wash your hands properly - wash
both sides of your hands, between your fingers and your wrists with soap and
clean water.
l Many serious injuries can be prevented if parents and other caregivers
supervise young children carefully and keep their environment safe.
l A child should not be left unattended or unsupervised. Make sure that there is
always a responsible adult taking care of your child and that you know where
your child is at all times.
l Protect yourself too. Decide on a contraceptive method of choice and also use
male or female condoms to prevent both unplanned pregnancy and sexually
transmitted infections (dual protection).
l Good oral health will keep your child’s teeth healthy and strong and prevent
unnecessary pain and discomfort.
26
6 weeks IM
PCV1
Right thigh
Hexavalent IM
(DTaP-IPV-Hib-HBV)1 Left thigh
Hexavalent IM
10 weeks
(DTaP-IPV-Hib-HBV)2 Left thigh
Rotavirus 2 Oral
IM
PCV2
14 weeks Right thigh
Hexavalent IM
(DTaP-IPV-Hib-HBV)3 Left thigh
S/C
6 months Measles 1
Left thigh
IM Right
9 months PCV 3
Thigh
12 S/C
Measles 2
months Right arm
18 Hexavalent IM
months (DTaP-IPV-Hib-HBV)4 Left arm
IM
6 years Td
Left arm
IM
12 years Td
Left arm
Additional Vaccinations
Girls HPV1
IM Non-
9 years
HPV2 dominant arm
and older
27
28
1st visit on
appearance of
first tooth
(or at 6 months
measles
immunisation)
At age 12
months
(measles
immunisation)
l If your child is sick and is not able to drink or breastfeed, vomits everything or
has convulsions (shakes) they should be taken to the clinic or hospital
immediately.
l Young babies (especially those less than two months) can become very sick
very quickly. If your young baby is not feeding properly or has a fever, take
them to the clinic immediately.
l If your child has diarrhoea (loose stools) you should give them a Sugar Salt
Solution (SSS) to drink after each stool.
l If your child has diarrhoea or is drinking poorly or has eyes that look sunken or
blood in the stool, take them to the clinic immediately.
l If your child has a cough or cold and has fast or difficult breathing they should
be taken to the clinic immediately.
+ +
1 litre of cooled 8 level teaspoons half a teaspoon
boiled water of sugar of salt (level)
30
31
2018/02/28 9:46 AM
34
General clinical notes (cntd)
Date Clinical notes (assess, classify, counsel, Signature
treat and follow up) and name
2018/02/28 9:46 AM
Referrals and follow-up record
Completed by referring HCW Completed at place of referral
36
37
Antenatal History
RPR result Rhesus Blood Group (if available)
Antenatal (Maternal history) Intrapartum history (including mode of delivery)
38
39
HIV – If you are HIV positive, make sure that you get the treatment that you and
your baby need to stay healthy. If you are unsure of your status, ask the health
worker for HIV counselling and testing for you and your baby.
TB – TB is common. Tell the nurse at the clinic if you have a cough lasting longer
than two weeks, weight loss or night sweats, or if there is someone in your
household with TB. If there is, your baby should receive medicine to prevent TB for
six months.
Serious Injuries – Many serious injuries can be prevented if you look after your
child carefully and keep their environment safe.
Disability – Children with mental and physical disabilities need extra care. If your
baby has a disability you will need support with caring for and protecting your
baby. Tell your health worker and they will refer you to a social worker for parenting
support. It is good to join a support group so you can share your experiences.
40
41
42
43
44
Other numbers
45
46