Uttar Pradesh State Specific GS by Saurabh Kr.

Pandey
About Uttar Pradesh
 It was established in 24th January,1950 after India had become
a republic. It is a successor to the United Provinces,
established in 1935 by renaming the United Provinces of Agra
and Oudh, in turn established in 1902 from the North-Western
Provinces and the Oudh Province. The state is divided into
18 divisions and 75 districts. On 9 November 2000, a new
state, Uttaranchal (now Uttarakhand), was created from Uttar
Pradesh's western Himalayan hill region by craving out 13
districts of Uttar Pradesh.
 The state is bordered with 8 States, 1 UT & 1 International
Border
(Rajasthan, Haryana, HimachalPradesh ,Uttarakhand, Bihar, M
adhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, Delhi (UT) and an
international border with Nepal.)
Uttar Pradesh is Located between 23°52'N to 31°28'N latitude and
77°30'E to 84°39' E longitude.
Uttar Pradesh have total Geographical area of around 93,933 square
miles (243,286 square km), around 7.3% of the total area of India,
and is the fourth-largest Indian state by area (after Rajasthan, Madhya
Pradesh, Maharashtra). Populationwise, Uttar Pradesh is most
Populous state (2nd: Maharashtra, 3rd: Bihar) with current estimated
population is approximately 24.14 Crores. As per the 2011 Census, It
has population of about 199,812,341. UP has around 16.5% of the
total population of India
The State has three distinct regions namely, the Shiwalik region in
the north, Gangetic plains in the central region and Vindhyan hills in
the south. Uttar Pradesh has a humid subtropical climate with dry
winters. The annual rainfall ranges between 1,000 mm to 1,200 mm
and the annual temperature varies from 5°C to 46°C. The State is
drained by a number of rivers, which include Ganga, Yamuna,
Gomti, Ghagra, Betwa, Chambal and Gandak.
As per Indian State of Forest Report (ISFR) 2021,The forest cover of
the state is 14818 Sq.km & the % forest cover is 6.15 per cent (0.08
increase as compared to ISFR 2019) of the state's geographical area.
The cultivable area of UP is around 82% of the total geographical
area, and the net area sown is around 68.5 per cent of the cultivable
area.
The state's economy is mainly dominated by the services industry.
The service sector comprises travel and tourism, hotel industry, real
estate, insurance and financial consultancies. Uttar Pradesh has
emerged as the second-largest economy State in India with a 9.2%
share in the country's GDP after Maharashtra. The state has also
jumped to the second position in the 'Ease of Doing Business'
rankings after Andhra Pradesh. Furthermore, UP has received
investment proposals of over Rs 40 lakh crore through GIS (Global
Investor Summit: Feb 2023 at Lucknow) 2023, which will create
more than one crore employment opportunities.
Presently, Uttar Pradesh economy is about
₹25.55 lakh crore (US$320 billion) in gross domestic product and a
per capita GSDP of ₹105,000 (US$1315).
At present, UP has 4 international airports – Chaudhary Charan Singh
International Airport (Lucknow), Lal Bahadur Shastri
Airport (Varanasi) and Kushinagar International Airport (Kushinagar),
Maharishi Valmiki International Airport (Ayodhya)
Note:
 5th International Airport (Under Construction): Noida (or Jewar)
International Airport
 There are 2 Railway Zones headquarters located in UP
1. Prayagraj is the H.Q. of North Central Railways
2. Gorakhpur is the H.Q. of the North Eastern Railway
 PM Narendra Modi inaugurated the world's longest railway
platform of 1.5 kilometres at Sri Siddhaarooda railway station in
Hubballi (Karnataka). The second-longest platform is in
Gorakhpur measuring 1,366.33 metres. Meanwhile, the third-
 longest platform is at Kollam Junction in Kerala measuring
1,180.5 metres.
Allahabad High Court:
It was established on 17 March 1866, making it one of the oldest high
courts to be established in India (The Calcutta High Court is the
oldest high court in the country, established on 2 July 1862). The
foundation stone of the present building of the High Court was laid in
1911 by Sir John Stanley, the then Chief Justice.
High Court Seats
Prayagraj Principal Seat
Lucknow Bench
Agra Bench (Proposed)
Note:-
 1st Chief Justice of Allahabad High Court: Sir Walter Morgan
 1st Indian Chief Justice: Shri Shah Mohammad Suleman
 1st Chief Justice after Independence: Shri Bidhu Bhushan Malik
 Current Acting Chief Justice: Justice Manoj Kumar Gupta. He
Succeeded Pritinker Diwakar
Some Facts:
 1st Chief Minister: Govind Ballabh Pant
 1st Woman Chief Minister: Sucheta Kripalani(1963 to 1967)
 Present CM: Yogi Adityanath
 Youngest CM: Akhilesh Yadav
 1st Governor: Sir Hormasji Pherozeshah Modi
 1st Woman Governor: Sarojini Naidu (1947-49)
 Present Governor: Anandiben Patel
 Lok Sabha Seats: 80
 Rajya Sabha Seats: 31
 Legislative Assembly Seats: 403
 Legislative Council: 100 Seats
 Chaukhandi Stupa, Dhamek Stupa: Sarnath (Varanasi)
 UP State Animal: Swamp Deer (Barasingha)
 UP State bird: Sarus (Crane)
 State Flower: Palash
 State Tree: Ashoka
 State Emblem: A Pall wavy, in chief a bow-and arrow and in
base 2 fishes

 UP State Sport: Hockey

 8 UP Districts in NCR: Meerut, Ghaziabad, Gautam Budh
Nagar, Bulandshahr, Baghpat, Hapur,Shamli and Muzaffarnagar
(Eight districts).
 As per 2011 Census Data, 106747 villages are in Uttar Pradesh
 Chief Ministers of Uttar Pradesh, who got the distinction of
being the Prime Minister: Chaudhary Charan Singh and
Vishwanath Pratap Singh
 Speaker of Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly, who also
became Chief Minister – Shri Banarsidas and Shripati Mishra
 First Speaker of the state Legislative Assembly after
independence – Rajarshi Purushottam Das Tandon
 Speaker of the 18th Legislative Assembly – Shri Satish Mahana
 President's rule in the state for the first time – 25 February
1968 to 26 February 1969
  District With Most Legislative Assembly Seats – Prayagraj (12
Seats)
 District With Lowest Legislative Assembly Seats – Shravasti,
Mahoba, Chitrakoot (2-2 seats)
 In terms of area, Hapur is the smallest, and Lakhimpur Kheri is
the largest district of Uttar Pradesh.
 State's first central jail – Bareilly
 Length of the state from east to west – 650 Kms.
 Length of the state from north to south – 240 Kms.
 Sonbhadra (areawise 2nd largest district in UP, Only district in
India which border 4 states) – 4 (Madhya Pradesh,
Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand and Bihar)
 State with maximum border with Uttar Pradesh – Madhya
Pradesh
 State with the shortest border with Uttar Pradesh – Himachal
Pradesh
 Most eastern district of the state – Ballia
 Westernmost district of the state – Shamli
 Northernmost district of the state – Saharanpur
 Southernmost district of the state – Sonbhadra
 Major rivers flowing in the state – Ganga, Yamuna, Ramganga,
Gomti and Ghaghra
 Longest canal system in the state – Sharda Canal (269 km)
UP: 1 National Park, 25 Wildlife Sanctuaries
 Chandraprabha Wildlife Sanctuary: Chandauli
 Dudhwa National Park: Lakhimpur Kheri
The Dudhwa Tiger Reserve is a protected area in Uttar Pradesh that
stretches mainly across the Lakhimpur Kheri and Bahraich districts
and comprises the Dudhwa National Park, Kishanpur Wildlife
Sanctuary and Katarniaghat Wildlife Sanctuary. It covers an area of
1,284.3 km²
There are total of 25 wildlife sanctuaries in Uttar Pradesh

 Sarsai Nawar Wetland, Sarsai Nawar, Etawah

 Bakhira Sanctuary, Sant Kabir Nagar
 Chandra Prabha Wildlife Sanctuary, Chandauli
 Hastinapur Wildlife
Sanctuary, Amroha, Bijnor, Ghaziabad, Meerut,
and Muzzafarnagar
 Kachhua Sanctuary, Varanasi
 Kaimoor Sanctuary, Mirzapur and Sonbhadra
 Katarniaghat Wildlife Sanctuary, Bahraich
 Kishanpur Wildlife Sanctuary, Lakhimpur Kheri
 Lakh Bahosi Sanctuary, Kannauj
 Mahavir Swami Sanctuary, Lalitpur
 National Chambal Wildlife Sanctuary, Agra and Etawah
 Nawabganj Bird Sanctuary, Unnao
 Okhla Sanctuary, Ghaziabad, and Gautam Buddha Nagar
 Parvati Arga Bird Sanctuary, Gonda
 Patna Bird Sanctuary, Etah
 Ranipur Sanctuary, Banda and Chitrakoot
 Saman Sanctuary, Mainpuri
 Samaspur Sanctuary, Rae Bareli
 Sandi Bird Sanctuary, Hardoi
 Sohagi Barwa Sanctuary, Maharajganj
 Suhelva Sanctuary, Balrampur, Gonda, and Shravasti
 Sur Sarovar Sanctuary, Agra
 Suraha Tal Sanctuary, Ballia
 Vijai Sagar Sanctuary, Mahoba

Note:-

Etawah Safari Park, Etawah

10 Ramsar Sites in UP

Upper Ganga River-Brajghat, Garh Mukteshwar, Narora in

1.
Bulandshahr

2. Sarsai Nawar Jheel – Etawah

3. Sandi Bird Sanctuary – Hardoi

4. Samaspur Bird Sanctuary – Raebareli

5. Saman Bird Sanctuary – Mainpuri

6. Nawabganj Bird Sanctuary – Unnao

7. Parvati Arga Bird Sanctuary – Gonda

8. Sur Sarovar – Agra

9. Bakhira Wildlife Sanctuary – Sant Kabir Nagar

10. Haiderpur Wetland – Bijnor & Muzaffarnagar

UNESCO Heritage Site of UP.

1. Taj Mahal (1983)
2. Agra Fort (1983)
3. Fatehpur Sikri (1986)

 Total forest & Tree Cover: 9.01% of the total Geographical Area
 Sonbhadra, the district with the maximum forest cover in Uttar
Pradesh (36.79 % of the geographical area of 6905 square
kilometers).
 5 districts have the highest forest area (in descending order):
Sonbhadra (2539 sq km), Kheri (1274 sq km), Mirzapur (805 sq
km),
 5 districts have the highest forest percentage (in descending
order): Sonbhadra, (36.77%), Chandauli (22.24%), Pilibhit
(18.67%),
 Bhadohi district of Uttar Pradesh has the least area under forest.
Bhadohi has an area of 3 km2 under forest.

Geographical Boundary of Uttar Pradesh State

Uttar Pradesh shares its

S.No. State/Country
District Boundaries

11 (Agra, Etawah, Jalaun,

Jhansi, Lalitpur, Mahoba,
1. Madhya Pradesh
Banda, Chitrakoot, Prayagraj,
Mirzapur and Sonbhadra)

7 (Sonbhadra, Chandauli,
2. Bihar Ghazipur, Ballia, Deoria,
Kushinagar and Maharajganj)

7 (Saharanpur, Muzaffarnagar,
3. Uttarakhand Bijnor, Moradabad, Rampur,
Bareilly and Pilibhit)
 6 (Saharanpur, Shamli,
4. Haryana Baghpat, Gautam Buddha
Nagar, Aligarh and Mathura)

3 (Baghpat, Ghaziabad and

5. Delhi
Gautam Buddha Nagar)

6. Rajasthan 2 (Agra and Mathura)

7. Chhattisgarh 1 (Sonbhadra)

8. Jharkhand 1 (Sonbhadra)

Himachal
9. 1 (Saharanpur)
Pradesh

7 (Maharajganj,
Siddharthnagar, Balrampur,
10. Nepal
Shravasti, Bahraich, Lakhimpur
Kheri and Pilibhit)

Major Institutes in Uttar Pradesh

 Indian Institute of Sugarcane Research – Lucknow
 Central Institute for Subtropical Horticulture – Lucknow
 National Sugar Institute – Kanpur
 Indian Institute of Pulses Research – Kanpur
  Indian Veterinary Research Institute – Izatnagar (Bareilly)
 Indian Institute of Vegetable Research – Varanasi
 Indian Grassland and Fodder Research Institute – Jhansi
 Indian Institute of Carpet Technology – Bhadohi
 Uttar Pradesh Council of Agricultural Research – Lucknow
 Biotechnology Park Uttar Pradesh – Lucknow
 Uttar Pradesh Textile Technology Institute – Kanpur

Census– 2011: UP Data

 Total Population of Uttar Pradesh – 19,98,12,341 (16.51%
of the total population of the country)
 Percentage of males in the total population of the state
– 52.29%
 Percentage of women in the total population of the state
– 47.71%
 Percentage of Rural Population to Total Population of the
State – 77.73%
 Percentage of urban population to the total population of the
state – 22.27%
 As Per Census 2011, The population density of the state is 829
persons per square kilometre.
 Only 3 districts of Jaunpur, Azamgarh and Deoria have a sex
ratio greater than 1000 while Gautam Buddha Nagar stands
lowest in the tally with a very low ratio of 851. On the contrary,
Gautam Buddha Nagar scores highest in literacy rate at 80.12%
and Kanpur Nagar 2nd at 79.54%
 Most populous district – (1) Prayagraj (2) Moradabad (3)
Ghaziabad
 Least populated district – (1) Mahoba (2) Chitrakoot (3)
Hamirpur
  Districts have the highest density of population (in descending
order) – (1) Ghaziabad (2) Varanasi (3) Lucknow
 Districts have the Lowest density of population (in ascending
order) – (1) Lalitpur (2) Sonbhadra (3) Hamirpur
Literacy Rate
 Total Literacy in Uttar Pradesh – 67.72%
 Male Literacy in Uttar Pradesh – 77.30%
 Female Literacy of Uttar Pradesh – 57.20%
 Increase in Average Literacy during 2001-11 – 11.36%
 Difference between male and female literacy – 20.10%
 Highest Literacy Districts – (1) Gautam Buddha Nagar (2)
Kanpur Nagar (3) Auraiya
 Lowest literacy districts (same order of male literacy) – (1)
Shravasti (2) Bahraich (3) Balrampur
Sex Ratio
 Average Sex Ratio of Uttar Pradesh (as per 2011 census)
– 912 (Sex Ratio of India is 943)
 The sex ratio of Uttar Pradesh increased during 2001-11
– 14 points
 Highest Sex Ratio Districts (in descending order) – (1)
Jaunpur (1024) (2) Azamgarh (1019) (3) Deoria (1017)
 Lowest Sex Ratio Districts (in ascending order) – (1)
Gautam Buddha Nagar (851) (2) Hamirpur and Baghpat
(861) (3) Kanpur Nagar, Banda and Mathura (863)
Child Sex Ratio (2011)
 Child Sex Ratio of Uttar Pradesh (0-6 Years Age Group)
– 902 (In 2001 the child sex ratio was 916)
 Highest and Lowest child sex ratio Districts in the state are
respectively – Balrampur and Baghpat
Decadal Growth Rate
 Highest Decadal growth rate Districts – (1) Gautam
Buddha Nagar (2) Ghaziabad (3) Shravasti
 Lowest Decadal growth rate Districts – (1) Kanpur Nagar
(2) Hamirpur (3) Baghpat
Scheduled Castes
 Percentage of Scheduled Castes in the Total Population of
Uttar Pradesh – 20.69%
 State with highest number of Scheduled Castes in the
country – Uttar Pradesh (16.6%)
 Highest Scheduled Caste Population District – Sitapur
 Lowest Scheduled Caste Population District – Baghpat
Scheduled Tribes
 Percentage of Scheduled Tribes in the Total Population of
Uttar Pradesh – 0.6%
 District With Highest ST Population – Sonbhadra
 District with lowest ST population – Baghpat
 Districts devoid of Scheduled Tribes in the state – Ayodhya
and Jalaun
Religion – Census
 Religious Population (In Decreasing Order) – Hindu,
Muslim, Sikh, Christian, Jain, Buddhist
 Percentage of minorities in the total population of the state
– 19.33%
 Religious communities with highest and lowest sex ratio
respectively – Christians (950) and Sikhs (885)