2007 2008S6FinalPmath 1
2007 2008S6FinalPmath 1
2007 2008S6FinalPmath 1
(6 marks)
2. (a) Using A.M . ≥ G.M . , prove that for any positive real numbers x, y and z,
x+ y+z 3
≥
3 1 1 1.
+ +
x y z
(b) Using (a) or otherwise, prove that for any positive real numbers a, b and c,
a b c 3
+ + ≥ .
b+c c+a a+b 2
(6 marks)
3. Let A be a transformation matrix and
sin θ − cos θ
A = .
cos θ sin θ
Furthermore, let Tn = An.
(a) Find T4 and describe the geometric meaning of the transformation T4.
(b) if θ = 30° , find the new coordinates of the point (3, 4) under T4.
(5 marks)
1 1 1 1 1 1
4. Factorize x y z and x y z .
x2 y2 z2 x3 y3 z3
(7 marks)
1
S.6 P.Maths I
5. A sequence {an} is defined as follows:
1 1 1
a1 = and − = 2n + 3 for n = 1, 2, 3, … .
3 a n +1 a n
1
(a) Show that a n = n 2 + 2n for n = 1, 2, 3, … .
x 2 + 4x + 2
(b) Resolve ( x 2 + 2 x) 2 into partial fractions.
∑ (k 2
Hence or otherwise, evaluate
2
+ 4k + 2) a k .
k =1
(7 marks)
6. Let a1, a2, …, an be non-zero real numbers.
By using Cauchy-Schwarz Inequality, prove the following inequalities.
2
n 2 n 3 n
(a) ∑
i =1
a i
≤ ∑ a i ∑ a i
i =1 i =1
3
n 2 2
( )
3 2
n
(b) ∑ i a ≤ n ∑ a i
i =1 i =1
(7 marks)
7. Let f(x) be a polynomial of degree n with real coefficients satisfying the following conditions:
(1) f(x) = f(x – 1) + x2 for all x ∈ R .
(2) f(1) = 1.
(a) Find n and the coefficient of xn in f(x).
(b) Prove that f(0) = f(-1) = 0. Hence factorize f(x).
(8 marks)
2
S.6 P.Maths I
Section B (54 marks)
8. (a) Consider the system of linear equations in x, y and z
2a1 x + 2b1 y − z = c1
( E ) : 2a 2 x + 2b2 y − z = c 2
2a x + 2b y − z = c
3 3 3
a1 b1 1
Prove that (E) has unique solution if and only if a2 b2 1 ≠ 0
a3 b3 1
(3 marks)
(b) Consider another system of linear equations
2( a − 2 ) x + 2( a + 2 ) y − z = c1
( E ') : 2( 4a + 1) x + 2( 2a + 3) y − z = c2
6 x + 10 y + z = c
3
By using (a), or otherwise, find the value(s) of a such that (E’) has unique solution.
(4 marks)
(c) An equation C is defined by
x2 + y2 – 2px – 2qy + p2 + q2 – r2 = 0, where p, q are real and r > 0.
Given that C passes through the points (a – 2, a + 2), (4a + 1, 2a + 3) and (-3, -5).
(i) If a = 0, find the values of p, q and r.
(ii) If a = -1, find the values of p, q and r.
(11 marks)
9. Given an infinite sequence {an} of positive integers, two sequences {pn} and {qn} are defined by
p1 = a1, p2 = a2a1 + 1, pk = ak pk – 1 + pk – 2 for k ≥ 3
q1 = 1, q2 = a2, qk = ak qk – 1 + qk – 2 for k ≥ 3
lim q n
(a) Prove that {qn} is an increasing sequence and n →∞ does not exist.
(4 marks)
(b) For all positive integers n, prove that
pn + 1 qn – pn qn + 1 = (-1)n + 1.
(3 marks)
pk
(c) Let bk = q , k = 1, 2, 3, ….
k
(i) By considering bk+2 – bk, or otherwise, show that {b2n – 1} is a strictly increasing
sequence and that {b2n } is a strictly decreasing sequence.
(ii) By considering bk+1 – bk, show that for all positive integers n,
b2 n −1 < b2 and b2 n > b1 .
(iii) Show that the two sequences {b2n – 1} and {b2n } converge to the same limit.
3
S.6 P.Maths I
(11 marks)
(7 marks)
Prove that
1 n 1 n 1 n
∑ i i n ∑
n i =1
a c ≤
i =1
ai ∑ ci
n i =1
(3 marks)
(d) By using (c), prove that for all n ∈ N ,
n
1 2n
∑
i =1 i
≥
n +1.
(3 marks)
End of Paper
4
S.6 P.Maths I