BASKETBALL

HISTORY
Dr. James Naismith (the inventor of basketball) was born in Ramsay Township,
near Almonte, Ontario, Canada, in 1861. In 1891, he worked at the YMCA Training
School in Springfield, Massachusetts. Naismith was faced with the task of developing
a sport suited for students to play indoors during the winter. He sought to make a skill
game that could be played indoors and in a compact space. Basketball was inspired
by his early school days when he used to play a simple game called duck-on-a-rock
outside his schoolhouse. The object of the game was to throw another rock at a 'duck'
on top of a giant rock. Basketball was invented in this city. A soccer ball and two fruit
baskets served as goals in the very first game of basketball. The history of basketball
started right here.

ORIGINAL 13 RULES IN BASKETBALL

1. With one or both hands, the ball can be tossed in any direction.
2. With one or both hands, bat the ball in any direction (never with the fist).
3. With the ball, a player cannot run. The player must throw it from the spot where
he catches it, with an exemption for a man who catches the ball while sprinting.
4. The ball must be handled in or between the hands; it cannot be held with the
arms or the body.
5. There shall be no shouldering, holding, pushing, tripping, or striking in any way
the person of an opponent; the first infringement by any person shall count as
a foul, the second shall disqualify him until the next goal is scored, or if there
was obvious intent to injure the person, for the duration of the game, with no
substitute allowed.
6. A foul is when you strike the ball with your fist, which is a breach of rules 3 and
4 as well as other rules.
7. If either side commits three consecutive fouls, the opponents are awarded a
goal (consecutive implies without the opponents committing a foul in the
meantime).
8. A goal is scored when the ball is thrown or hit from the ground into the basket
and stays there, as long as the goal is not touched or disturbed by the goal
defenders. It counts as a goal if the ball is on the edge and the opponent moves
the basket.
9. When the ball goes out of bounds, it is tossed into the field and played by the
first person to touch it. In the event of a disagreement, the umpire will toss it
into the field. The thrower-in has five seconds to retain the ball; if he holds it
longer, it will go to the opponent. The umpire will call a foul on any team that
continues to delay the game.
 10. The umpire serves as the men's judge, recording fouls and alerting the referee
when three consecutive fouls are committed. He has the authority to disqualify
men by Rule 5.
11. The referee is the ball's judge, deciding when the ball is in play, in bounds, and
to whose side it belongs, as well as keeping time. He will determine when a
goal has been scored and keep track of the goals, as well as to conduct any
other duties that a referee would normally perform.
12. The time will be divided into two 15-minute halves with a five-minute break in
between.
13. The team that scores the most goals in that period is named the winner. In the
event of a tie, the captains may agree to continue the game until another goal
is scored.

FACILITIES AND EQUIPMENT

BASKETBALL COURT
A basketball court is required for any basketball game. The basketball court is the
cornerstone and foundation for all games, whether they are played in an indoor
facility or on a court outside.

BLACKBOARD AND RIM

You'll need to erect and install a basketball hoop when you've identified a suitable
court. A backboard and rim should be included in the hoop. The backboard in the NBA
is composed of tempered glass. Backboards built of tempered glass are often safer
than other types of glass because they are composed of genuine glass.
 THE FOUL OR FREE-THROW LINE
The foul or free-throw line in a regulation game is exactly 15 feet in front of the
backboard. It is 16 feet wide and centered on the backboard, allowing users plenty of
movement.

THE KEY
The key, also known as the lane or the paint, refers to the region surrounding the
basket on a basketball court. The free-throw line and the two sides that run
perpendicular to the free-throw line contain it.
 THREE-POINT LINE
A regulation-sized three-point line in the NBA is 23 feet and 9 inches from the middle
of the rim. In other competitions, the three-point line is 19-feet and 9-inches away in
high school, 20-feet and 9-inches away in college, and 22-feet and 2-inches in both
FIBA and the WNBA.

LINE MARKING
The court's line-markings are all 2-inches wide and come in a variety of colors.
 BASKETBALL
Without a basketball, no basketball game can begin. The basketball is usually
constructed of leather for a regulation game, and Spalding is the manufacturer for the
NBA. In addition, in the NBA, the ball must have a pressure of 7.5 to 8.5 pounds per
square inch. The ball should have a diameter of 29.5" and a circumference of 29.5".

BASKETBALL JERSEYS
Every player must have an appropriate outfit or jersey when competing in regulation
or recognized league. Shorts will be worn underneath these jerseys, which are usually
sleeveless. Tucking the jersey inside the shorts is recommended. Each member on a
team must have their jersey number.
 BASKETBALL SHOES

Athletes’ shoes are just as vital as their jerseys. If you want to play basketball, you
must wear the correct basketball shoes.

BASKETBALL SLEEVE
The athlete can choose whether or not to wear a compression sleeve. It has been
proven that wearing a compression sleeve can assist reduce swelling, boosting blood
flow, and reduce fatigue. Compression sleeves, on the other hand, might be distracting
and difficult to shoot with for some players.
 WHISTLE
You'll want to use a whistle during practice or the game, whether you're a coach
or a referee. Coaches might use a whistle to get their players' attention and draw
attention to themselves.

BASKETBALL CLIPBOARD
Finally, you'll want to bring a basketball clipboard to both practices and games as a
coach. A basketball clipboard will show you the court's outline as well as the baskets,
allowing you to plan offensive and defensive plays for your team.
PLAYING REGULATIONS

RULES FOR OFFENSE

The basketball team on offense is the team with the basketball. When a basketball
player gains possession of the ball, he or she must adhere to the following rules:

1) The ball must be bounced, or dribbled, with one hand while both feet are
moving. If both hands touch the ball or the player stops dribbling, the player is
only allowed to move one foot at a time. The pivot foot is the one that remains
stationary.
2) The basketball player is only allowed to dribble once. In other words, once a
player has stopped dribbling, he or she cannot begin dribbling again. A player
who keeps dribbling is charged with a double-dribbling penalty and forfeits the
ball to the other side. After another player from either team touches or obtains
control of the basketball, a player can begin another dribble. This usually occurs
following a shot or a pass.
3) The ball must not leave the field. If the offensive team loses the ball out of
bounds, the ball is turned over to the opposing team.
4) When dribbling, the player's hand must be on top of the ball. Carrying the ball
occurs when a player touches the bottom of the basketball while dribbling and
continues to dribble, and the player loses the ball to the opposing team.
5) The offensive team is not allowed to return to the backcourt once they have
passed half-court. A backcourt violation is what this is known as. The offensive
team can lawfully recover the ball if the defensive team knocks it into the
backcourt.
DEFENSIVE RULES
The defense team is the team that does not have a basketball.

1) The defensive player's main rule is to avoid fouling. Gaining an unfair advantage
through physical contact is defined as a foul. The referee must make some
decisions, but in general, the defensive player may not bump the attacking
player in such a way that the offensive player loses the ball or misses a shot.

RULES FOR EVERYONE

1) Even throughout the foul rule is referred to be a defensive rule, it applies to all
players on the court, including offensive ones.
2) Basketball players are unable to kick or punch the ball with their fists.
3) No player is allowed to touch the basketball when it is falling towards the hoop
or on the rim. This is considered goaltending. (In some games, touching the rim
with the ball is permitted.)

BASIC SKILLS

DRIBBLING
Dribbling is a basic basketball skill that involves good timing, hand-eye coordination,
and practice. Mastering the dribble will help you defend the ball from your opponent
while also allowing you to advance the ball to the hoop and score points.

PASSING
In basketball, passing is classified as "the deliberate attempt to move a live ball
between two players," a definition that may be applied to other sports as well, albeit
with a difference in the item being passed when necessary.

SHOOTING
Basketball's most essential skill is shooting. You may be able to get a high percentage
shot with your core abilities of passing, dribbling, defense, and rebounding, but you
must still be able to make the shot. A mental attitude is a big element of shooting. To
shoot well, you must have confidence in yourself in addition to your shooting ability.
Shooting success is aided by the combination of the mental and mechanical parts of
the sport.
BLOCKING OUT
When a basketball player tries to get a better rebounding position than their opponent,
this is referred to as a "block out" position. The player will broaden their stance and
arms to create a barrier between the basket and their opponent, often known as
"boxing out."

REBOUND
In basketball, a rebound is the consequence of an offensive team's missed shot
attempt, in which a player taking a shot at the basket hits the rim, backboard, or a
combination of the two. The basketball travels away from the basket, and one of the
offensive or defensive teams races for position to recover the ball to reclaim
possession and try to score.
 REFEREE BASKETBALL VIOLATIONS
SIGNALS

to get the
ball over half
court)

Walking or traveling
(not bouncing the ball while Five second violation Illegal or double dribble
walking)

Ten seconds (taking more Carrying or palming the Kicking (intentionally

than 10 seconds ball kicking the ball)
 (offensiv
e player
is in the
lane for
more
than
3
secon
ds)
Over and back (halfcourt
violation) Three seconds
REFEREE BASKETBALL FOUL SIGNALS

Hand check Charging or player control Holding

foul

Blocking Technical foul or “T” Pushing

(generally for misconduct or
unsportsmanlike behavior)
 Intentional foul
OTHER REFEREE SIGNALS

Jump ball 30 second time out Stop clock

No score Three-point attempt

Start clock
Three-point score