Kannagi was a legendary Tamil woman who is the central character in the Tamil epic Cilappatikaram. She was a chaste wife who stayed with her husband Kovalan despite his adultery. Kovalan was later framed and executed without a fair trial for a crime he did not commit. In a rage, Kannagi curses the unjust king and city of Madurai, causing the city to burn down. She is now revered in Tamil culture and folklore as a symbol of chastity and justice, and sometimes worshipped as a goddess.
Kannagi was a legendary Tamil woman who is the central character in the Tamil epic Cilappatikaram. She was a chaste wife who stayed with her husband Kovalan despite his adultery. Kovalan was later framed and executed without a fair trial for a crime he did not commit. In a rage, Kannagi curses the unjust king and city of Madurai, causing the city to burn down. She is now revered in Tamil culture and folklore as a symbol of chastity and justice, and sometimes worshipped as a goddess.
Kannagi was a legendary Tamil woman who is the central character in the Tamil epic Cilappatikaram. She was a chaste wife who stayed with her husband Kovalan despite his adultery. Kovalan was later framed and executed without a fair trial for a crime he did not commit. In a rage, Kannagi curses the unjust king and city of Madurai, causing the city to burn down. She is now revered in Tamil culture and folklore as a symbol of chastity and justice, and sometimes worshipped as a goddess.
Kannagi was a legendary Tamil woman who is the central character in the Tamil epic Cilappatikaram. She was a chaste wife who stayed with her husband Kovalan despite his adultery. Kovalan was later framed and executed without a fair trial for a crime he did not commit. In a rage, Kannagi curses the unjust king and city of Madurai, causing the city to burn down. She is now revered in Tamil culture and folklore as a symbol of chastity and justice, and sometimes worshipped as a goddess.
spelled Kannaki,[1] is a legendary Tamil woman who forms the central character of the Tamil epic Cilappatikaram.[2] Kannagi is described as a chaste woman who stays with her husband despite his adultery, their attempt to rebuild their marriage after her unrepentant husband had lost everything, how he is framed then punished without the due checks and processes of justice.[1] Kannagi proves and protests the injustice, then curses the king and city of Madurai leading to the death of the unjust Pandyan King of Madurai, who had wrongfully put her husband Kovalan to death. The society that had made her suffer, suffers in retribution as the city Madurai is burnt to the ground because of her curse.[1] In Tamil folklore, Kannagi has been deified as the symbol – sometimes as goddess – of chastity, with sculptures or reliefs in Hindu temples iconographically reminding the visitor of her breaking her anklet or tearing her bleeding breast and throwing it at the city.[3][4] The earliest Tamil Kannagi epic, Silappadikaram written by Jain prince Ilango Adigal, features her as the central character. Kannagi Statue in Text Marina Beach, Chennai
Kannagi Amman in Tamil Nadu.
The Kannagi story first appears in the
Sangam era poem Narrinai 312.[2] A more extended version appears in the post- Sangam era Tamil epic in Silappatikaram ("Epic of the Anklet).[1]
Legend
Kannagi with her husband Kovalan.
Kannagi was the daughter of the merchant
and ship captain Manayakan from Puhar. She marries the son of Macattuvan, Kovalan, whose family were sea traders and had the sea goddess Manimekalai as patron deity.[5][6] Later, Kovalan met a dancer Madhavi and had an affair with her, which prompted him to spend all his wealth on the dancer. At last, penniless, Kovalan realised his mistake and returned to his wife Kannagi. Kovalan hoped to recoup his fortunes by trade in Madurai, by selling the precious anklet of Kannagi.
Madurai was ruled by Pandya king Nedunj
Cheliyan I. When Kovalan tried to sell the anklet, it was mistaken for a stolen anklet of the queen. Kovalan was accused of having stolen the anklet and was immediately beheaded by the king without trial. When Kannagi was informed of this, she became furious, and set out to prove her husband's innocence to the king.
Kannagi came to the king's court, broke
open the anklet seized from Kovalan and showed that it contained rubies, as opposed to the queen's anklets which contained pearls. Realizing the error, the king committed suicide in shame, after having caused such a huge miscarriage of justice. Kannagi uttered a curse that the entire city of Madurai be burnt. The capital city of Pandyas was set ablaze resulting in huge losses. However, at the request of Goddess Meenakshi, she calmed down and later, attained salvation. The story forms the crux of Cilappatikaram written by poet Ilango Adigal.[7]
Worship
A shrine to Kannagi as Pattini
goddess in Sri Lanka. She is shown as holding an anklet in each hand.
Kannagi or Kannaki Amman is eulogized
as the epitome of chastity and is worshiped as a goddess in select regions. She is worshiped as goddess Pattini in Sri Lanka by the Sinhalese Buddhists,[8] Kannaki Amman by the Sri Lankan Tamil Hindus and as Kodungallur Bhagavathy & Aatukal Bhagavathy in the South Indian state of Kerala. Keralites believe Kannaki to be an incarnation of Goddess Bhadrakali who reached Kodungallur and attained salvation in the Kodungalloor temple.[9][10]
In popular culture
Kodungallur Bhagavaty temple
A Tamil epic film Kannagi directed by R.S
Mani released in 1942. This was the first Tamil film based on the epic Silapadhigaaram. A similar movie named Poompuhar released in 1964. A statue of Kannagi holding her anklet, depicting a scene from Cilappatikaram was installed on Marina Beach, Chennai. It was removed in December 2001 citing reasons that it hindered traffic.[11][12] The statue was reinstalled in June 2006.[13][14]
A Sinhala film called Paththini was
released on 5 May 2016 in Sri Lanka. The role of the goddess Paththni or Kannagi was played by Pooja Umashankar.[15]