Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Regional Office IX, Zamboanga Peninsula

10 Z est for P rogress

Z Peal of artnership

HEALTH
Quarter 3 – Module 1:
Health Trends, Issues and Concerns

Name of Learner: ___________________________

Grade & Section: ___________________________
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Name of School: ___________________________
 What I Need to Know

Learning Competencies: At the end of this module, you are expected to:

 Discusses the significance of global health initiatives. H10HC-IIIa1

 Describe how global health initiatives positively impact people’s health in various
countries. H10HC-IIIbc-2
 Analyze the issues in the implementation of global health initiatives.
H10HC-IIIbc-3

For its central role in global affairs, health

issues are among the priority concerns of the
United Nations. It thus designated the World
Health Organization to serve as the lead
agency tasked to direct and coordinate with
all member nations regarding leadership,
supervision, technical support and education
on matters about health, which affects many
countries—including the Philippines.

In the 21st century, public health protection is viewed both as a shared duty and
obligation. Thus, people need to understand global issues, concerns and trends that
include fair access to essential healthcare and protection against multinational threats
which directly or indirectly affect the health and lives of billions of people worldwide.

This module aims to help you learn about different global health issues and the initiatives
made to help address these problems. Readings and activities are provided to improve your
understanding of health concerns and how these are treated or implemented around the world
and locally. At the end of each lesson, a transfer activity will help evaluate your
understanding of the different topics. You will also be assessed prior to answering the
different activities and again at the end of the lesson to check for knowledge, understanding,
attitudes and skills learned.

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 What I Know
Word Hunt
Use pencil/ballpoint pen and write the answers in your activity sheet or
notebook.

Procedure:
1. Look for 10 global health issues and concerns that the World Health
Organization and member-nations are facing.

2. Discuss the implications of the different global health issues and concerns to people across
nations.

M A L A R I A I D E N N T
W A T E R S A F E T Y Y R
A Q S E S A E S I D N N E
H T L A E H S N E M O O W
M E N T A L H E A L T T H
Z X C N M K I L O P O O E
A S D P A O V T R D N N U
E N V I R O N M E N T T G
E R D N O I T I R T U U N
E S T Y R R W E T Y B B E
S T O W T O B A C C O O D

Answer these questions:

1. What are the current health issues and concerns in your community? Share
and discuss these health initiatives.

2. What will the world be like if health issues and concerns are not properly
addressed by peoples around the world?

3. If you are a health worker in your community, what health issues and
concerns do you think should be addressed immediately? Why?

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 What’s In
In this phase, you will answer activities which will assess your background knowledge. At
the end of the phase, you will be assessed again to check for the knowledge and concepts
and information you have learned. A number of activities are provided for Differentiated
Instruction. Some of these can be used as make-up activities during inclement weather,
holidays and the like.

Brainstorming
Brainstorm on this: What are the biggest health issues and concerns that people around the
world face today? List them on your answer sheet. Your teacher will help you clarify new
terms and concepts.

What’s New
Global Health and the Millennium Development Goals

The term “global health” rose in popularity along

with the rise of globalization. Both terms improved
public awareness of vulnerabilities and shared
responsibilities among people for the different
injustices in the world.

Ilona Kickbush (2006), director of the Global

Health Program at the Graduate Institute of
International and Development Studies in
Geneva, Switzerland states that global health
pertains to various health issues, concerns, and
trends which go beyond national boundaries and
call for global initiatives for the protection and
promotion of peoples’ health across the world.

Koplan and Associates (2009) states that global health is an area for study, research and
practice that prioritizes health improvement and achieving impartiality in healthcare and
wellness worldwide. Beagle hole and Bonita (2010) gave a short but meaningful definition
of global health: cooperative research and action of international communities to promote
health for all.

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World Health Organization (WHO)- the primary international body responsible for
developing leadership in health, setting norms and standards and providing health support
among nations around the world
Global Health Initiatives

One of the benefits of globalization to the world is the development and improvement of
various health initiatives initiated by different nations and governments to address health
issues and concerns. Global health initiatives are programs set in motion by the United
Nations through the World Health Organization and in partnership with the World Bank
which targets specific health problems including but not limited to emerging and re-
emerging diseases, climate change, environmental sanitation, mental health, tobacco
regulation, and alcohol use.

What Is It
Millennium Development Goals
The United Nations Millennium Development Goals are eight targets that all
191 UN Member States have agreed to achieve by 2015.
The United Nations Millennium Declaration, signed in September 2000
commits world leaders to fight discrimination against women and children, disease,
hunger, poverty, illiteracy, and environmental degradation. All of these goals cannot be
attained without addressing each and every one. All of them influence, affect and depend on
better global health programs and policies.

1 Developing countries particularly in Africa and Asia

suffer from extreme poverty and hunger. Poverty and hunger
leads to severe malnutrition which leads to lifelong physical
and cognitive (learning and reasoning) damage and affects
health, well-being and the economy. Some key suggestions to
eradicate poverty and hunger are:

 Education
 Promoting gender equality
 Producing more jobs
 Investing more in agriculture
 Strengthened nutrition programs for children and infants
 Support and protection of developing and vulnerable countries during crisis.

2 Persons, particularly women who are educated, are more

likely to seek medical care especially during pregnancy,

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ensuring proper nutrition for their family, adopting healthy sanitary practices and ensuring
immunization of children. As an effect, infants and children have better survival rates, are
healthier and better nourished. If these are attained, children

 Marry and have their own families at a later stage in life

 Practice family planning and have fewer children
 Know rights, responsibilities and civic obligations
 Seek employment and sustain personal and family needs
 Have decreased risk of getting sexually transmitted infections like HIV/AIDS
 Support and protection of developing and vulnerable countries during crises

3 Gender equality means equal representation of men and

women. It implies that all gender should have equal value and
treatment. Equal gender treatment empowers women and
other groups creating opportunities in education, work,
finances, and other aspects which improves the economy and
lessen effects of financial crises. Gender equality can be
achieved through:

 Early childhood development intervention

 Promotion of women’s political rights and involvement
 Improved reproductive health programs and policies
 Education and integrating gender equality in school curriculum
 Improved women’s access to work and strengthened labor policies for women
 Support and protection of developing and vulnerable countries during crisis

4 Programs and policies which help reduce child mortality

like improving nutritional intake, healthcare facilities and
infrastructure, and other fields which improve children’s lives.
Strengthening local and national health programs and policies
is one way to reduce child mortality. This includes:

 Immunization programs
 Assuring the survival and better health of mothers
 Improving reproductive health programs and policies
 Better nutrition program for infants, children and mothers

5 Improved maternal health is not only about mother’s health

but also involves the health and wellness of the family.
Maternal health also helps eradicate other problems like

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poverty, gender inequality, decreased workforce, lower birth deaths, and disability of women.
Some ways to improve maternal health include:

 Improved and proper nutrition of mothers

 Teaching the benefits of birth spacing and small family size
 Educating young boys and girls about the importance of maternal health
 Better and improved access to hospital care especially obstetrics-gynecology, prenatal
and postnatal care

6 Emerging and re-emerging diseases like HIV/AIDS,

malaria, influenza and other diseases affect productivity and
growth of nations. Some of the effects of disease outbreak are
loss of jobs, shortage in professional workers, and creating
social crises. Children are the most vulnerable and are
exposed to exploitation and abuse undermining their normal
growth and development. Some ways to combat diseases
include effective prevention, treatment and care like:

 Improved housing conditions

 Increased access to anti-malarial medicines
 Promoting safer sex behavior and preventive education for all
 Promoting Tuberculosis (TB) screening of HIV/AIDS persons and
 TB - Directly Observed Treatment Short (TB-DOTS) Course therapy
 Promoting the use of insecticide-treated nets to fight mosquito-borne diseases

7 Investing and supporting sustainable energy like solar,

wind and water energy help support jobs, create business
opportunities, and save remaining non-renewable energy
sources. Environmental sustainability assures peoples to live
healthier and enjoy a clean and green environment. Some of
the benefits of a sustainable environment are:

 Cleaner air and environment

 Clean, environment-friendly, and renewable energy
 New and aspiring jobs and business in energy
 Increased access to sanitation

8 The United Nations, World Health Organization, World

Bank and governments work together to make sure there is

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fair trade and that heavily indebted countries obtain relief and funds to combat poverty,
malnutrition and funds for education and social projects. Some benefits of global partnership
are:

 Expanded international trade agreements

 Improved access to affordable medicine
 Reduced poverty through government debt relief grant
 Developed information and communication technology (ICT) infrastructure

The 10 Global Health Trends, Issues and Concerns

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 1. Tuberculosis- commonly known as TB (Tubercle
Bacillus, is a bacterial infection that can spread through the
lymph nodes and bloodstream to any organ in your body. It
is often most found in the lungs.

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 2. Drug use and abuse- it is patterned use of a drug in which the user consumes the drug
substance in amounts or with methods which are harmful to themselves or others.

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3. HIV/AIDS- it is transmitted primarily via unprotected
sexual intercourse, contaminated blood transfusions,
hypodermic needles, and from mother to child during
pregnancy, delivery and breastfeeding

4. Non-Communicable Disease (NCD)- can refer to chronic

diseases which last for long periods of time and progress
slowly.

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 5. Communicable Disease- also known as infectious disease or transmissible diseases. These
are illness that result from the infection, presence and growth of pathogenic biologic agents
in human.

6. Climate change- a change in global or regional climate

patterns attributed directly or indirectly to human activity.

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7. Mental Health- it is a level of psychological well-being and the absence of a mental
disorder.

8. Immunization and Vaccines- it is the safe and effective

use of a small amount of a weakened and killed virus or
bacteria or bits of lab made protein that imitate the virus in
order to prevent infection by the same virus or bacteria.

9. Alcohol and Tobacco Abuse/Addiction- the excessive

consumption of alcohol and tobacco. Causes communicable
and non-communicable diseases.

10. Malaria/ Other Vector-Borne - causes symptoms

that typically include fever, fatigue, vomiting and
headaches. In severe cases, it can cause yellow skin,
seizures, coma or death.

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 What’s More

Activity 1: What If…?

Predict the global effects if the eight Millennium Development Goals were
achieved or not achieved. Copy the table below in your notebook or activity sheet and
write your predictions in the columns

Goal No. Millennium Development Goals What if this goal What if this goal is
is achieved? not achieved?

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

What I Have Learned

Processing Questions: Please write on your separate answer sheet.
1. Should the health issues, concerns, and trends deserved
to be addressed by international and national government? Why?
2. Rate the top 10 health issues, concerns and trends with 1 as the highest
priority. Explain your opinion on its urgency.
3. What do you think are reasons these health initiatives are difficult to
implement worldwide? Explain.
4. If you too are to implement a health initiative in your community, which would you initiate
and why?

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 What I Can Do

Activity 1: Issues, Concerns, And Trends (Ict)

Write in each box the different health issues, concerns and trends encountered around the
world. These issues, concerns and trends may have not been mentioned in the readings but
should also be addressed by international and national communities. Add more boxes if
needed.

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Activity 2: The Philippine Scenario

Do you think the Philippines will be able to achieve these eight goals? Write your personal
report in your notebook or activity sheet. List which goals are highly achievable and which
are not. Explain why?

The Philippine MDG Scenario

Highly Achievable Goals Not Highly Achievable Goals

Assessment
I. TRUE or FALSE

Write the word TRUE if the statement is correct and FALSE if it is not. Write you
answer on a separate sheet.

1. The term global health rose in popularity along with the rise of globalization.
2. Immunization and vaccines are not safe and effective to kill the virus and bacteria.
3. One of the benefits of globalization to the world is the development and improvement
of various health initiatives.
4. Education is one of the key suggestions to eradicate poverty and hunger.
5. Non-communicable disease is also known as infectious/transmissible diseases.

II. MATCHING TYPE

Match column A with column B by identifying the programs and policies of each
Millennium Development Goals. Write your answer on a separate sheet.

A B

1. Reduce Child Mortality A. Early childhood development

intervention

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 2. Ensure Environmental Sustainability B. Improve access to affordable
medicine
3. Improve Maternal Health C. Immunization progress
4. Global Partnership for Development D. Early childhood development
intervention
5. Promote Gender Equality and Empower E. Improved and proper nutrition of
Woman mothers

Additional Activity
Activity: Poem Writing
Choose one global health initiative of the World Health Organization and write a poem
about it. Include the importance of global health.

Rubrics for Poem Writing:

Criteria 4 3 2 1

FORM Creatively Effectively May use Uses

uses uses appropriate inappropriate
appropriate appropriate poetry form. poetry form.
poetry form. poetry form. Fewer than Too few
Complete Complete with four stanzas of stanzas or
with more four stanzas of four lines each. stanza length is
than four four lines each. incorrect.
stanzas with
four lines
each.

WORD USAGE Student’s use Student’s use Student’s use Student's use of
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 of vocabulary of vocabulary of vocabulary vocabulary is
is is routine and is more telling very basic.
precise, vivid, workable. than showing
and paints a
strong clear
and complete
picture in the
reader’s mind.

POETRY Effectively Uses poetic Uses some Uses few

TECHNIQUES uses poetic techniques poetic poetic
(elements) techniques such as techniques techniques
such as figurative such as such as
figurative language to figurative figurative
language to reinforce the language to language.
reinforce the theme. reinforce the
theme. theme.

SPELLING, Has grade-level Has mainly May contain

GRAMMAR, appropriate grade level many errors
PUNCTUATION spelling appropriate in spelling, May contain
grammar and spelling, grammar, and/ frequent and
punctuation; grammar, and or punctuation numerous
contains few, punctuation; that may errors in
if any, errors contains interfere with spelling,
that do not some errors the reader’s grammar, and
interfere with that do not understanding. punctuation
the reader’s interfere with that interferes
understanding. the reader’s with the
understanding. reader’s
understanding.

UNDERSTAN Student’s work Student’s work Student’s

Student’s work
DING OF THE demonstrates demonstrates work lacks
demonstrates a
TOPIC an some understanding
complete
understanding understanding of the
understanding
of the of the assignment.
of the
assignment. assignment
assignment and
ding
goes beyond
the
requirements.

TOTAL 20 points

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Congratulations! You have successfully completed Module 3. Please proceed to the next
module.

References:
Physical Education and Health (Learner’s Material) Grade 7-10
First Edition 2015
Illustrations
Physical Education and Health (Learner’s Material) Grade 7-10
First Edition 2015

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DEVELOPMENT TEAM

Writer: Richel F. Desosa

Editor

Language Editor:

Proof Reader:

Illustrators: Michael V. Legaspi

Layout Artist: Mary Grace D. Nodado

MANAGEMENT TEAM

Julieto H. Fernandez, Ed.D., CESO VI

SDS-Isabela City

Maria Laarni T. Villanueva, Ed.D., CESE

ASDS-Isabela City

Henry R. Tura
CID Chief

Elsa A. Usman,
LR Supervisor

Jani P. Ismael, EPS-MAPEH

Module Coordinator

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