Crim-1 Coverage

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CRIMINAL LAW COVERAGE
I. FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES
A. Definition of Terms (criminal law, crime, felony, offense,
misdemeanor.)
B. Sources of Criminal Law
C. Constitutional Limitations
1. Equal Protection (Sec. 1, Art. III 1987 Constitution)
2. Due Process (Sec.1 Art. III 1987 Constitution; Sec. 14(1), Art.
III, 1987 Constitution)
Case:
● Garcia v. Drilon, G.R. No. 179267, 25 June 2013
3. Non-imposition of cruel and unusual punishment or excessive

fines (Sec.19, Art. III 1987 Constitution; Sec. 1 RA 9346; Art. 5, RPC)
4. Bill of Attainder (Sec. 22, Art. III 1987 Constitution)
5. Ex Post Facto Law (Sec. 22, Art. III 1987 Constitution)

Case:
● Lacson vs. Executive Secretary, G.R. No. 128096,
January 20, 1999)
D. Rights of the Accused (Art. III, 1987 Constitution; Sec. 2, RA

7438; Sec. 1, Rule 115 Rules on Criminal Procedure)
Case:
● People vs. Agustin, G.R. No. 247718, March 03, 2021)
E. Characteristics of Criminal Law
1. Generality (Art. 14, New Civil Code; Treaty Stipulations e.g.

RP- US Visiting Forces Accord; RA 75; Principles of Public International
Law;)
2
Case:
● Minucher vs. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 142396, February 11,
2003;
● Nicolas vs. Romulo, G.R. No. 175888, February 11, 2009
2. Territoriality (Art.2, RPC;)

Case:
● People v. Tulin, G.R. No. 111709, 30 August 2001;
● Cabral vs. Bracamonte, G.R. No. 233174,
January 23, 2019)
3. Prospectivity (Art. 21 RPC; Art. 22 RPC; Art. 366 RPC; Art.

4 New Civil Code; Sec. 22, Art. III 1987 Constitution)
Case:
● Co vs. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 100776, October 28,
1993
F. Effects of Repeal of Penal Law
G. Construction of Penal Laws

Case:
● Abarquez vs. People, G.R. No.150762, January 20,
2006;
● Ient v. Tullett Prebon, G.R. No. 189158, 11 January
2017;
● People vs. Sullano, G.R. No. 228373, March 12, 2018)
H. Theories of Criminal Law
I. Legal Maxims in Criminal Law
J. Mala in Se vs. Mala Prohibita

Cases:
● Loney vs. People, G.R. No. 152644, February 10, 2006;
● XXX vs. People, G.R. No. 221370. June 28, 2021;
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● Acharon vs. People, G.R. No. 224946. November 09,

2021;
● Demata vs. People, G.R. No. 228583, September 15,
2021
______________________________________________________________
Additional Assignment for February 7, 2024:

II. APPLICATION OF THE REVISED PENAL CODE
A. Date of Effectiveness (Art. 1, RPC; Art. 366 RPC)
B. Scope of Application:
● (Art. 2, RPC; Sec. 15 (d), Rule 110, Rules on Criminal Procedure)
C. Rules on Jurisdiction over Merchant Vessel
D. Application of RPC to Special Penal Laws (Art. 10, RPC;

● Yu vs. People, G.R. No. 134172, September 20, 2004;
● Ladonga vs. People, G.R. No. 141066, February 17, 2005)
III. FELONIES
A. Intent vs. Motive
● (People vs. Bautista, G.R. Nos. 120898-99, May 14, 1998;
● People vs. Bacares, G.R. No. 243024, June 23, 2020)
B. Elements of Criminal Liability (elements of felony; requisites

of dolo; requisites of culpa)
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C. Classification of Felonies under Art. 3, RPC
1. Intentional Felony (proximate cause; aberratio ictus;

error in personae; praeter intentionem; mistake of fact; Art. 3, RPC;
par 1, Art 4 RPC; Art. 48, RPC; Art. 49, RPC; par 3, Art. 13, RPC;
● People vs. Gemoya, G.R. No. 132633, October 4, 2000;
● People vs. Acuram, G.R. No.117954, April 27, 2000;
● People vs. Oanis 74 Phil 257;
● US vs Ah Chong 15 Phil 488)
2. Culpable Felony (Art. 3, RPC; Art. 365, RPC;

● Office of the Ombudsman vs. Santidad,
● Ivler vs. Modesto, G.R. No. 172716, November 17, 2010)
______________________________________________________________
Additional Assignment for February 14, 2024:
III. FELONIES
D. Classification based on
Gravity (Art. 9, RPC as amended by RA 10951; Art. 7, RPC; Art. 48, RPC)
E. Impossible Crime
(par. 2, Art. 4, RPC; Art. 59, RPC; Title 8 RPC; Title 10 RPC;
Jacinto vs.People, G.R. No. 162540, July 13, 2009)
F. Stages of Execution (Art. 6 RPC;

Valenzuela vs. People, G.R. No. 160188, June 21, 2007;
People vs. Lizada G.R. Nos. 143468-72, January 24, 2003;
People vs. Lamahang 61 Phil 703)
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G. Conspiracy and Proposal (Art. 8, RPC; Art. 115 RPC; Art. 136
RPC; Art. 141, RPC; pars. 1&3, Art. 186, RPC)
People vs. Esoy, G.R. No. 185849, April 7, 2010)
People vs. Arnado, G.R. Nos. 250100-02. March 21, 2022 )
H. Complex Crimes vs. Special Complex Crimes (Art. 48 RPC; Sec. 13,
Rule 110 Rules on
Criminal Procedure; Art. 123 RPC; Art. 266-B RPC; Art. 267 RPC; Art. 294
RPC)
Morales vs. People, G.R. No. 240337. January 04, 2022
People vs. Gallardo, G.R. No. 245544. March 21, 2022

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1

CRIMINAL LAW COVERAGE

B. Sources of Criminal Law

3. Non-imposition of cruel and unusual punishment or excessive

4. Bill of Attainder (Sec. 22, Art. III 1987 Constitution)

5. Ex Post Facto Law (Sec. 22, Art. III 1987 Constitution)

D. Rights of the Accused (Art. III, 1987 Constitution; Sec. 2, RA

E. Characteristics of Criminal Law

1. Generality (Art. 14, New Civil Code; Treaty Stipulations e.g.

2. Territoriality (Art.2, RPC;)

3. Prospectivity (Art. 21 RPC; Art. 22 RPC; Art. 366 RPC; Art.

F. Effects of Repeal of Penal Law

G. Construction of Penal Laws

H. Theories of Criminal Law

I. Legal Maxims in Criminal Law

J. Mala in Se vs. Mala Prohibita

● Acharon vs. People, G.R. No. 224946. November 09,

Additional Assignment for February 7, 2024:

A. Date of Effectiveness (Art. 1, RPC; Art. 366 RPC)

C. Rules on Jurisdiction over Merchant Vessel

D. Application of RPC to Special Penal Laws (Art. 10, RPC;

B. Elements of Criminal Liability (elements of felony; requisites

C. Classification of Felonies under Art. 3, RPC

1. Intentional Felony (proximate cause; aberratio ictus;

2. Culpable Felony (Art. 3, RPC; Art. 365, RPC;

F. Stages of Execution (Art. 6 RPC;

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