Chapter Summary

CHAPTER SUMMARY
Learners with additional needs are individuals who require additional support on accommodations to
access education due to disabilities, learning difficulties, or other challenges, This chapter focuses on
learners additional needs, highlighting the definition, identification, learning characteristic, and general
education adaptations.
Learners who are gifted and talented exhibit exceptional abilites or potential in areas such as
academics, art, leadership, or specific skills beyond your peers. Identifying and supporting these
students is crucial to nurturing their talents and ensuring they reach their full potential. Recognizing and
addressing the needs of gifted and talented learners involves a comprehensive approach that includes
academic, social and emotional support tailored to their unique abilities and challenges.
Learners with difficulty seeing, often reffered to as visually impaired or blind individuals require specific
support to access education effectively. It's essential to create an inclusive learning environment that
caters to their unique need s. visually impaired students have restricted ways to learn incidentally from
their surroundings since most of them learn through visual clues. Visual impairments, whether mild,
moderate, or severe, affect the student's ability to participate in normal classroom activities. Addressing
some considerations, educators can create an inclusive and supportive learning environment that
enables visually impaired learners to thrive for a good education.
Learners with difficulty hearing refers to the students with an issue regarding hearing that interferes in
with academics. According to IDEA it is an impairment in hearing, whether permanent or fluctuating,
that adversely affects a child's educational performance but this does not included under the definition
of deafness. The main challenge of hearing-impaired students is communication, since most of them
have varying ways of communicating. Most learners with difficulty hearing use various methods
Communication. The most common is the use of hearing aids, combined with Lip-reading or on "oral"
since they can communicate thru speech as opposed to sign language.
Communication is the exchange of information, ideas, feelings, needs, and desires between and among
people. This is used to serve several functions, particularly to narrate, explain, inform, request and
express feelings and opinion. Speech is the production of language using sounds. It involves coordination
of physiological neuromuscular processes. A language is a formalized code used by a group of people to
communicate. Speech impairment is a communication disorder such as stuttering, impaired articulation,
and language or voice impairment. There are four basic types of speech impairment and these the
articulation, phonological, fluency, and voice disorder.
Learners with difficulty moving/walking often referred to as a students with physical disabilities.
Focusing on physical and motor disabilities, their learning characteristics, abilities, and the support they
need in an inclusive classroom. Motor difficulties and disabilities are known to significantly affect a
child's ability to perform daily activities, which include memory, perception and processing, planning,
and carrying out coordinated movements. Speech may also be affected as motor control is needed in
articulation and production. Fostering a supportive and inclusive learning environment by implementing
strategies that will help students in effective learning, educator can empower students with difficulty
moving or walking to succeed academically, socially and emotionally.
Students who have difficulty in remembering give an attention, for, the learners will be interested in
school. There were two kinds of function according to Santrock (2011), Memory function that includes
short-term memory, long-term memory and retrieval. And the other one is Attention function which
includes sustaining, shifting, dividing and sharing attention. Understanding this concepts is necessary to
have a clearer picture of how to enable learners with such difficulties to succeed and how to provide
support in an inclusive setting.
Learners who have difficulty in self-care may struggle with managing their personal hygiene, nutrition,
sleep, and overall well-being. It's important to provide support and guidance to there learners to help
them develop the necessary skills for self-care. Promoting self-awareness and self-advocacy skills can
empower these learners to seek help when needed and take responsibility for their own well-being.
Learners with additional needs requires specialized support and accommodations to ensure their
educational success. It is crucial to provide individualized learning plan that address their specific
challenges and strengths. Fostering a supportive and inclusive learning environment is essential to
promote their emotional well-being and social integration. Addressing their unique needs, we can
empower these learners to reach their potential and enable them to thrive academically and personally.

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