This document discusses electrical instrumentation and measurement concepts including voltage dividers, bridge circuits, and the Wheatstone bridge. It provides instructions for an assignment to verify the maximum power transfer theorem in Matlab and discusses bridge circuits, the Wheatstone bridge configuration, and using a galvanometer detector to measure the potential difference across points a and b to determine when there is a null. It also describes calculating the Thevenin equivalent circuit between these points to determine the offset current through the galvanometer.
This document discusses electrical instrumentation and measurement concepts including voltage dividers, bridge circuits, and the Wheatstone bridge. It provides instructions for an assignment to verify the maximum power transfer theorem in Matlab and discusses bridge circuits, the Wheatstone bridge configuration, and using a galvanometer detector to measure the potential difference across points a and b to determine when there is a null. It also describes calculating the Thevenin equivalent circuit between these points to determine the offset current through the galvanometer.
This document discusses electrical instrumentation and measurement concepts including voltage dividers, bridge circuits, and the Wheatstone bridge. It provides instructions for an assignment to verify the maximum power transfer theorem in Matlab and discusses bridge circuits, the Wheatstone bridge configuration, and using a galvanometer detector to measure the potential difference across points a and b to determine when there is a null. It also describes calculating the Thevenin equivalent circuit between these points to determine the offset current through the galvanometer.
This document discusses electrical instrumentation and measurement concepts including voltage dividers, bridge circuits, and the Wheatstone bridge. It provides instructions for an assignment to verify the maximum power transfer theorem in Matlab and discusses bridge circuits, the Wheatstone bridge configuration, and using a galvanometer detector to measure the potential difference across points a and b to determine when there is a null. It also describes calculating the Thevenin equivalent circuit between these points to determine the offset current through the galvanometer.
& measurement (2 Credit Hours) The elementary voltage divider shown in Figure often can be used to provide conversion of resistance variation into a voltage variation. The voltage of such a divider is given by the well-known relationship
Either R1 or R2 can be the sensor whose resistance varies with
some measured variable. Assignment 2 (a)
Verify the Maximum Power Transfer theorem on Matlab. Rs
and Rl will be your name in Matlab. (24-03-2022) Bridge Circuits Bridge circuits are used to convert impedance variations into voltage variations.
Wheatstone Bridge
The simplest and most common bridge circuit is the dc Wheatstone bridge, as shown in Figure In Figure, the object labeled D is a voltage detector used to compare the potentials of points a and b of the network.
assume the detector impedance is infinite—that is, an open circuit.
In this case, the potential difference, ∆V , between points a and
b is simply
∆ V = Va - Vb Equation (7) shows how the difference in potential across the detector is a function of the supply voltage and the values of the resistors.
Because a difference appears in the numerator of Equation (7), it is clear
that a particular combination of resistors can be found that will result in zero difference and zero voltage across the detector—that is, a null.
Obviously, this combination,
R3R2 = R1R4
indicates that whenever a Wheatstone bridge is assembled and resistors
are adjusted for a detector null, the resistor values must satisfy the indicated equality. It does not matter if the supply voltage drifts or changes; the null is maintained. Galvanometer Detector
The use of a galvanometer as a null detector in the bridge circuit
introduces some differences in our calculations because the detector resistance may be low and because we must determine the bridge offset as current offset.
The easiest way to determine the offset current is first to find the Thévenin equivalent circuit between points a and b of the bridge The Thévenin voltage is simply the open-circuit voltage difference between points a and b of the circuit.
The Thévenin resistance is found by replacing the supply voltage by its
internal resistance and calculating the resistance between terminals a and b of the network. We may assume that the internal resistance of the supply is negligible compared to the bridge arm resistances. Assignment 2 (b)
Prove that Thévenin resistance seen at points a and b of
the wheatstone bridge is The Thévenin equivalent circuit for the bridge enables us to easily determine the current through any galvanometer with internal resistance,
