Questão 1

Na tirinha, o garoto lê um anúncio que deixa o cachorro Snoopy

confuso, pois este

a) considera a competição desnecessária.

b) discorda da proposta de Charlie Brown.
c) esquece de se preparar para a competição.
d) acredita que perderá a competição.
e) desconhece que é um cachorro.

Questão 2

Legumes have some unique qualities that make them a no-brainer for sustainable agriculture. Growing them
can release five to seven times fewer greenhouse gases than wheat and oilseed rape crops and they help
sequester carbon in the soil. Legumes also have a nifty talent of imbuing the soil with nitrogen, in collaboration
with microscopic friends that live in their roots. This makes them the perfect plant for intercropping and crop
rotation, to enrich the soil and reduce the need for environmentally damaging fertilisers. […]
PARLETTA, Natalie. Counting beans: why 2020 should be the year of the legume. The Guardian, 8 jan. 2020. Disponível em:
https://www.theguardian.com. Acesso em: 9 jan. 2020.

O texto apresenta diversas vantagens das leguminosas, entre elas a capacidade de

a) retirar fertilizantes da terra.

b) enriquecer o solo plantado.
c) captar nitrogênio dos vegetais.
d) fortalecer as raízes das plantas.
e) dispensar a rotatividade de culturas.

Questão 3

The heat in the world's oceans reached a new record level in 2019, showing “irrefutable and accelerating”
heating of the planet. The world's oceans are the clearest measure of the climate emergency because they absorb
more than 90% of the heat trapped by the greenhouse gases emitted by fossil fuel burning, forest destruction and
other human activities. […] The amount of heat being added to the oceans is equivalent to every person on the
planet running 100 microwave ovens all day and all night. Hotter oceans lead to more severe storms and disrupt
the water cycle, meaning more floods, droughts and wildfires, as well as an inexorable rise in sea level. Higher
temperatures are also harming life in the seas, with the number of marine heatwaves increasing sharply.
CARRINGTON, Damian. Ocean temperatures hit record high as rate of heating accelerates. The Guardian, 13 jan. 2020. Disponível em:
https://theguardian.com. Acesso em: 14 jan. 2020. (adaptado)
O texto informa que as temperaturas dos oceanos alcançaram níveis recordes em 2019, indicando como razão

a) o crescente número de enchentes.

b) o número de micro-ondas nas residências.
c) as condições inexoráveis do meio ambiente.
d) a absorção do calor retido pelo efeito estufa.
e) a quebra do ciclo da água pelas tempestades.
 Questão 4

Voldemort himself created his worst enemy, just as tyrants everywhere do! Have you any idea how much tyrants
fear the people they oppress? All of them realize that, one day, amongst their many victims, there is sure to be
one who rises against them and strikes back! Voldemort is no different! Always he was on the lookout for the one
who would challenge him. He heard the prophecy and he leapt into action […].
ROWLING, J. K. Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince. New York: Scholastic Paperbacks, 2005.
No trecho do livro Harry Potter and the Half-blood Prince, a personagem Dumbledore destaca que, assim como
outros tiranos, Voldemort

a) teme aqueles que ele oprime.

b) desafia aqueles que estão no poder.
c) procura aquele que poderia desafiá-lo.
d) ignora os poderes daqueles que o desafiam.
e) desconhece a profecia que resultará em seu fim.

Questão 5

Nurses and midwives play a vital role in providing health services. These are the people who devote their lives
to caring for mothers and children; giving lifesaving immunizations and health advice; looking after older people
and generally meeting everyday essential health needs. They are often, the first and only point of care in their
communities. The world needs 9 million more nurses and midwives if it is to achieve universal health coverage by
2030. That's why the World Health Assembly has designated 2020 the International Year of the Nurse and the
Midwife. Join WHO and partners in a year-long effort to celebrate the work of nurses and midwives, highlight the
challenging conditions they often face, and advocate for increased investments in the nursing and midwifery
workforce.
YEAR of the Nurse and the Midwife 2020. World Health Organization. Disponível em: https://www.who.int. Acesso em: 12 jan. 2020. (adaptado)

O texto menciona a designação de 2020 como o Ano Internacional dos Profissionais de Enfermagem e Obstetriz.
Entre outros motivos, essa designação tem como objetivo

a) celebrar os 9 milhões de profissionais dessas áreas no mundo.

b) estimular a formação de profissionais com mais idade para atuarem nessas áreas.
c) defender plantões de trabalho mais curtos para os profissionais dessas áreas.
d) destacar os desafios desses profissionais e incentivar investimentos nas áreas.
e) comemorar a meta de cobertura universal de saúde por profissionais dessas áreas.

Questão 6

Nessa campanha publicitária de uma ONG de resgate de

animais, a palavra same é empregada para referir-se

a) à preferência por raças na escolha do bicho de

estimação.
b) à proporção de cães e gatos que precisam de um lar
adotivo.
c) à necessidade que tanto cães quanto gatos têm de
um lar.
d) à indiferença com que as pessoas tratam cães e gatos
de rua.
e) ao número de cães e gatos abandonados na Itália
todos os anos.

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Exercícios Complementares

Questão 7

How long can humans conceivably live? In most developed countries, life expectancy has grown steadily to an
average of 75 years. But scientists are exploring ways to extend lifespan to lengths that seem inconceivable now –
perhaps 120 years and beyond. Ideally, future centenarians who avail themselves to life-prolonging advances
won’t suffer the familiar frailties of old age. The goal is for them to retain their youthful vitality, rather than add
extra years of decline.
Several studies show lifespans can be stretched far beyond normal limits. In one example, Cynthia Kenyon, a
professor at the University of California in San Francisco, has doubled the lifespans of simple roundworms from
two weeks to a month by altering the function of a single gene, known as daf-2. Even near death, these mutated
worms look better than normal worms half their age. Their bodies are smooth and plump, and they wriggle along
like much younger worms.
Disponível em: <https://www.worldhealth.net>. Acesso em: 27 dez. 2018. [Fragmento]

De acordo com o texto, os cientistas que procuram ampliar a expectativa de vida dos seres humanos têm como
objetivo principal

a) manter nos idosos a vitalidade que eles tinham quando mais jovens.
b) eliminar, na juventude, doenças debilitantes que afligem os idosos.
c) dobrar a expectativa de vida nos países em desenvolvimento.
d) provar que a longevidade pode ser estendida até determinado ponto.
e) alterar geneticamente o gene daf-2, responsável pelo envelhecimento.

Questão 8

It’s a scene so commonplace that it’s not necessary to specify the details. But it was on Wednesday night, in a
restaurant in Cornwall. Next to us was a family of four, with two adult children. The daughter, in her mid-20s, was
looking down beneath the table at her lap, the blue screen, periodically stabbing at it. The view, the food, the
waitress setting the food down, her family – they could all go away. She was going to engage with the world that
wasn’t there, condensed and switch off-able.
In Japan, it’s universally accepted as unacceptably rude to make a phone call when on public transport. It
would be nice if people understood, not just the rudeness of preferring your phone to the physical presence of
your friends, but how stupid it makes the phone-holder look. In a room of people looking down, or using their
phone as an intermediary, the conspicuous intelligence, the obviously interesting presence is the face looking
upwards and outwards, with curiosity; the best company is the one that meets a frank, flirtatious gaze with
another one.
HENSHER, P. Disponível em: <https://www.theguardian.com>. Acesso em: 04 dez. 2018. [Fragmento]

O vício em smartphones tornou-se um problema que pode afetar a vida de um indivíduo de diversas maneiras. No
texto, a referência ao Japão tem o propósito de

a) valorizar a cultura oriental por ser mais respeitosa com o outro do que a cultura ocidental.
b) tentar convencer os leitores de que o uso de aparelhos celulares em público é inaceitável.
c) criticar o fato curioso de os japoneses recusarem-se a atender chamadas telefônicas em público.
d) citar um dos lugares do mundo que apresenta altos índices de dependência de smartphones.
e) contrastar diferentes atitudes relacionadas ao uso do smartphone em um ambiente social.

Questão 9

Ifemelu joined the taxi line outside the station. She hoped her driver would not be a Nigerian, because he,
once he heard her accent, would either be aggressively eager to tell her that he had a master’s degree, the taxi
was a second job, and his daughter was on the dean’s list at Rutgers; or he would drive in sullen silence, giving her
change and ignoring her “thank you,” all the time nursing humiliation, that this fellow Nigerian, a small girl at that,
who perhaps was a nurse or an accountant or even a doctor, was looking down on him. Nigerian taxi drivers in
America were all convinced that they really were not taxi drivers. She was next in line. Her taxi driver was black

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and middle-aged. She opened the door and glanced at the back of the driver’s seat. Mervin Smith. Not Nigerian,
but you could never be too sure. Nigerians took on all sorts of names here. Even she had once been somebody
else.
ADICHIE, C. Americanah. Penguin Random House, 2017.

O romance Americanah, da escritora nigeriana Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie, aborda a imigração. No trecho
analisado, a narradora espera que o taxista seja de uma nacionalidade diferente da nigeriana, pois

a) acha que os nigerianos tendem a agir com agressividade.

b) acredita que os nigerianos são motoristas pouco confiáveis.
c) sente culpa por ter abandonado sua cultura e seu país natal.
d) sente incômodo com o modo de agir de seus conterrâneos.
e) tem receio de acabar encontrando um conterrâneo conhecido.

Questão 10

Why Korean companies are forcing their workers to go by English names

By Rachel Premack | May 12

SEOUL – […] The norm in South Korea is to call your colleagues or superiors not by their given names but by their
positions. […]
But some companies are looking to eliminate some of this hierarchy. The best way to do that, it seems, is
dictating that employees take English names. Using the actual name of your boss or co-workers feels impolite.
But, hopefully, calling him or her an English nickname taps into a different cultural mind-set.
That has ushered Koreans to take on typical English names such as Sophie or John. […]
Companies in English education, tourism, trade or other globally focused industries typically have English
nickname policies. They want to accommodate foreign business partners who can’t decipher between Lee Ji-
yeong and Lee Ji-yeon. […]
The larger reason is a desire for a horizontal workplace as more employees, particularly younger ones, are
educated or work outside Korea. […]
While start-ups such as Kakao have rejected that quasimilitary structure, it’s protected at chaebol – the massive,
family-owned companies such as Samsung, LG and Hyundai that essentially run Korea. […]
Chaebol are infamously rigid, as are the many Korean companies made in their image. […]
So when a company instills English nicknames along with a more horizontal culture, it is removing the backbone
of an organization.
Many Koreans, who often work 12-hour days at a single company for most of their lives, feel that their life
identity is taken, as well. […]
Younger Koreans and foreign workers hoping for a quicker overhaul of the hierarchical office are likely to be
disappointed. […] There’s little reason to want to be called “Fred” or “Sally” rather than the “director” title you
have dedicated your life to achieving. […]
Disponível em: <https://www.washingtonpost.com>. Acesso em: 01 jun. 2017. [Fragmento]

Uma das consequências da globalização é a adoção de hábitos ocidentais por povos asiáticos. Nesse artigo,
explica-se que a substituição dos títulos profissionais por apelidos ingleses em empresas sul-coreanas pode não
resultar no objetivo desejado, visto que

a) as chaebol controlam a gestão empresarial no país e são muito conservadoras.

b) os sul-coreanos valorizam os títulos profissionais que se esforçaram para alcançar.
c) a estrutura militarizada do país impede o desenvolvimento desse tipo de inovação.
d) a cultura sul-coreana postula que não se deve interpelar uma pessoa por seu nome.
e) a adoção de apelidos ingleses e de uma gestão horizontal levou empresas à falência.

Questão 11

The average adult is 60% water. We’re looking for someone who’s all water

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Exercícios Complementares

Water designs our life. It carves out our cities, shapes where we live, and guides us to where we gather and grow
as a community. For more than 75 years, water has been at the forefront of Moen’s journey. It began with our
founder, Al Moen, who invented the single-handled faucet and, in effect, introduced the world to warm water.
As our story with water continues, so does Moen’s vision – to make each and every interaction with water more
meaningful. That’s why we’re hiring a Water Director – a partner who can connect our business to relevant
initiatives and programs, all revolving around water. Is it you?
Disponível em: <https://www.adsoftheworld.com/>.Acesso em: 02 out. 2018.
Empresas e instituições fazem uso de diversos tipos de anúncios para se comunicar com o público. Esse anúncio,
de um fabricante de torneiras, tem como objetivo

a) familiarizar o leitor com a história e a visão da marca.

b) destacar a importância da água para a saúde do corpo.
c) revelar o papel da água no desenvolvimento de comunidades.
d) estimular a população a consumir água de forma mais consciente.
e) atrair candidatos com o perfil ideal para ocupar um cargo na empresa.

Questão 12

Goethe Goes Global Scholarships

This program is aimed at both German and foreign students who have completed at least two thirds of their bachelor’s
degree (or another equivalent or higher degree) at a university outside of Germany. The Goethe Goes Global Scholarship
offers:
• A monthly scholarship amount of 1,000€ for the standard period of a master’s programme at Goethe-University (generally
2 years).
• Support and orientation from an experienced master’s student buddy during your studies.
• Access to seminars focusing on professional skills at our Graduate Academy (GRADE), normally open only to PhD
students and postdocs.
• Access to an innovative research environment and networks that connect you with fellow scholarship holders and other
advanced researchers.
• Career support through Goethe University’s Research Support Office.
Disponível em: <http://www.scholars4dev.com/>. Acesso em: 04 out. 2018. [Fragmento adaptado]

No mundo inteiro, é comum instituições de ensino oferecerem bolsas de estudos. De acordo com o texto, um dos benefícios
oferecidos aos bolsistas da Universidade Goethe é

a) a renovação da bolsa caso os alunos se inscrevam no pós-doutorado.

b) a garantia de estágio em empresas alemãs de tecnologia de ponta.
c) o apoio e o aconselhamento acadêmico de um colega veterano.
d) o direito a financiamento estudantil por um período de 20 meses.
e) a opção de concluir o curso em outros países além da Alemanha.

Questão 13

The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2018

Cancer kills millions of people every year and is one of humanity’s greatest health challenges. By stimulating
the inherent ability of our immune system to attack tumor cells this year’s Nobel Laureates have established an
entirely new principle for cancer therapy.
James P. Allison studied a known protein that functions as a brake on the immune system. He realized the
potential of releasing the brake and thereby unleashing our immune cells to attack tumors. He then developed
this concept into a brand new approach for treating patients.
In parallel, Tasuku Honjo discovered a protein on immune cells and, after careful exploration of its function,
eventually revealed that it also operates as a brake, but with a different mechanism of action. Therapies based on
his discovery proved to be strikingly effective in the fight against cancer.

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 Allison and Honjo showed how different strategies for inhibiting the brakes on the immune system can be
used in the treatment of cancer. The seminal discoveries by the two Laureates constitute a landmark in our fight
against cancer.
Disponível em: <https://www.nobelprize.org/>. Acesso em: 02 out. 2018. [Fragmento]

As descobertas de James P. Allison e Tasuku Honjo permitirão desenvolver uma nova terapia de combate ao
câncer. Segundo o texto, essa terapia é inovadora porque

a) fortalece o sistema imunológico de pacientes submetidos a cirurgias.

b) emprega células de defesa alteradas em laboratório para atacar tumores.
c) estimula a produção de proteínas que freiam o crescimento dos tumores.
d) permite que o próprio organismo combata as células cancerígenas.
e) aumenta as chances de sobrevivência de pacientes com câncer terminal.