AP116 Practical Training Report Writing

Guideline

DEPARTMENT OF BUILDING
COLLEGE OF BUILT ENVIRONMENT
UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA (PERAK)

GUIDELINE FOR
PRACTICAL TRAINING REPORT WRITING
BGN310

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AP116 Practical Training Report Writing
Guideline

CONTENTS PAGE NO

1.0 INTRODUCTION 1
2.0 WRITING ETHICS 1
3.0 GENERAL GUIDES 2
4.0 REPORT WRITING FORMAT 3
5.0 PRACTICAL REPORT STRUCTURE 9

1.0 INTRODUCTION

This practical training report writing guidelines provides general guidelines and
learning support for students preparing their reports. Students have to refer to this
document in preparing their practical training report. Format of report is also included
in this guidelines for standardization and quality control of report produced.

2.0 WRITING ETHICS

The preparation of the report must strictly follow writing ethics. Students should
avoid plagiarisms during the referencing works. Plagiarisms are ideas or quotes from
others that have been published and used in someone’s writing without giving any
credits to the original author as provided under Clause 1.77 of the Peraturan
Akademik Program Diploma dan Ijazah Sarjana Muda Pindaan 2017 (Bilangan 1).
The usage of someone’s ideas must be declared clearly in text. Any usage of the
original words from original author must be declared by using quotation mark
(“........”) and also by mentioning the source of text. If plagiarism is proven, action
will be taken according to the above said Regulation, under Clause 2.24.3

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AP116 Practical Training Report Writing
Guideline

Figure 2.1: Plagiarism.

3.0 GENERAL GUIDES

a. Paper - A4 Size, 80gm, white colour.

b. Font – Only one type of font is allowed as shown in Table 3.1.

Table 3.1: Type and size of font.

No Type of Font Size of Font
12 Title Heading.
1. Times New Roman. 12 Heading / Sub-Heading.
12 Contents.
Note: Use only ONE type of font consistently in report writing.

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AP116 Practical Training Report Writing
Guideline

4.0 REPORT WRITING FORMAT

a. Length of report.

Between 30–50 pages and not exceeding 15,000 words. The total of words meant
are the words in text only excluding table of contents, tables, figures, photo, list of
references and appendices.

b. Margin, paragraph, spacing, page number, language and font colour.

Table 4.1: Margin, paragraph, spacing, page number, language and font colour.
Margin Left side. 1.5 inch (4.0 cm).
Top, bottom and right
1.0 inch (2.5 cm).
side.
Paragraph and spacing The first paragraph begins at the very left side with
one tab while for the following paragraph begins
after 2 spaces without tab. All the text in this report
need to use 1.5 spacing.
Page number Consistent with one format begin with page 1
(Bottom of page and centre).
Language English language ONLY.
Font colour Black.

c. Front Cover (REFER APPENDIX A) and Cover Page (REFER APPENDIX B).

The front cover (hard cover) for this practical report should contain:
1. UiTM Logo.
2. Department
3. Full title.
4. Student’s name and UiTM ID No.

The front cover of the hard bound practical report should be in blue black colour
with gold font colour.
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AP116 Practical Training Report Writing
Guideline

d. Department approval (REFER APPENDIX C).

e. Student’s Declaration (REFER APPENDIX D).

Student need to state down the statement of “......I hereby declare that this report is
my own work, except for extract and summaries for which the original references
stated herein......”

f. Acknowledgement (REFER APPENDIX E).

Students could credit individuals or authorities’ bodies who help them in

completing their practical training report and must be in 1 (ONE) page only.
Dedication is not allowed except for parents.

g. Abstract (REFER APPENDIX F).

Abstract is a very brief outline to give the reader a general idea and overview of
the report contents. It shall include the background of the main topic that has been
choose and their objectives, project background, case study which includes
material, method of construction or technology being used and conclusions.

h. Table of contents (REFER APPENDIX G).

Titles, chapters and main sub-topic must be listed and arranged by sequence order.

i. List of tables and figures. (REFER APPENDIX H, I,).

All the above items should be typed in different pages. List of tables and figures
should follow the chapter numbers.
Examples of caption for tables and figures in the report are as follows:
Caption for tables:
Table 3.1: Schedule of accommodation.

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AP116 Practical Training Report Writing
Guideline

Source: AkipraktisArchitect (2014).

Caption for figures:

Figure 1.1: Architect impression of the front view (right side) of the building.
Source: Akipraktis Architect Illustration (2014).

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AP116 Practical Training Report Writing
Guideline

Figure 3.1: Typical section of aluminium composite panel.

Source: Barry (2000).

Figure 1.2: Project signboard.

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AP116 Practical Training Report Writing
Guideline

Figure 3.2: Front view (left side) of the project at 48% progress.

j. References (REFER APPENDIX K).

References and citation used in the preparation of the practical training report
should follow APA style.

5.0 PRACTICAL REPORT STRUCTURE

The report must be arranged in sequence order as listed below:

1. Front Cover (REFER APPENDIX A).
2. Cover Page (REFER APPENDIX B).
3. Department Approval (REFER APPENDIX C).
4. Declaration (REFER APPENDIX D).
5. Acknowledgement (REFER APPENDIX E).
6. Abstract (REFER APPENDIX F).
7. Table of Content (REFER APPENDIX G).
8. List of Tables (REFER APPENDIX H).
9. List of Figures (REFER APPENDIX I).
10. List of Chapters (Chapter 1 to 4) (REFER APPENDIX J).
11. References (REFER APPENDIX K).

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AP116 Practical Training Report Writing
Guideline

APPENDICES

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 APPENDIX 10

A) SPINE B) FRONT COVER

DEPARTMENT OF BUILDING
UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA
(PERAK)
FULL NAME

(BOLD AND FONT SIZE, 14)

(BOLD AND FONT SIZE, 14)

TITLE

PRACTICAL REPORT TITLE

(BOLD AND FONT SIZE, 14)

SESSION

Prepared by:
FULL NAME
UiTM ID NO
(BOLD AND FONT SIZE, 14)

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 APPENDIX 11

DEPARTMENT OF BUILDING
UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA
(PERAK)
(BOLD AND FONT SIZE, 14)

PRACTICAL REPORT TITLE

(CAPITAL LETTER, FONT SIZE 14, CENTERED AND BOLD)

Prepared by:

FULL NAME

UiTM ID NO

(BOLD AND FONT SIZE, 14)

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 APPENDIX 12

DEPARTMENT OF BUILDING

COLLEGE OF BUILT ENVIRONMENT (CBE)

UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA
(PERAK)

(BOLD AND FONT SIZE, 12)

FEBRUARY 2024

(BOLD AND FONT SIZE, 12)

It is recommended that the report of this practical training provided

(Times New Roman and font size,12)

By

Full Name
UiTM ID No
(Bold and Font Size, 12)

entitled

Practical Report Title

(Bold and Font Size, 12)

be accepted in partial fulfillment of requirement has for obtaining Diploma in

Building.
(Times New Roman and font size,12)

___________________________
Report Supervisor : …………………………….……

___________________________
Practical Training Coordinator : Dr. Nor Asma Hafizah Hadzaman

___________________________
Programme Coordinator : Ts. Dr. Mohd Najib Bin Abd Rashid

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 APPENDIX 13

DEPARTMENT OF BUILDING
COLLEGE OF BUILT ENVIRONMENT (CBE)
UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA
(PERAK)

(BOLD AND FONT SIZE, 12)

FEBRUARY 2024

(BOLD AND FONT SIZE, 12)

STUDENT’S DECLARATION

(BOLD AND FONT SIZE, 12)

I hereby declare that this report is my own work, except for extract and summaries
for which the original references stated herein, prepared during a practical training
session that I underwent at Exxomas Sdn Bhd for duration of 20 weeks starting from
………………… and ended on ………….. It is submitted as one of the prerequisite
requirements of BGN310 and accepted as a partial fulfillment of the requirements for
obtaining the Diploma in Building.

(Times New Roman and font size,12)

…………………………………………………….

Name :

UiTM ID No :

Date :

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 APPENDIX 14
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
(BOLD AND FONT SIZE, 12)

Alhamdullillah, praise to Allah, the Most Merciful, the Most Graceful.

I would like to extend my heartfelt gratitude for the guidance, advice and help
rendered throughout the period of training by the following group of amazing
individuals. First and foremost, I would like to thank ………………….. for the
opportunity given, to conduct my training in his esteem company. His team of
professionals comprising of ………………………………………………….., have
enabled me to learn and develop my understanding, knowledge and feel of real time
projects, and the theory involved in analysis of structures, building and civil works.
They are also responsible towards streamlining and assessing my training. Also to
the site personnel in …………………………………… who have extended their
cooperation and help to further enhance my ability in understanding the procedures
in construction and site administration, tests procedures, site safety and best practices
in the industry. It is an honour for me to be given the opportunity to ‘work’ with all
of you.

I would also like to thank ALL the UiTM lecturers that have taught and nurtured me
in becoming a better student and person. I would also like to extend my deepest
appreciation to the lecturers who are directly involved during my training stint.
………, Supervising Lecturer, ………………………., Evaluation Lecturer,
……………………………….., Practical Training Coordinator and
……………………….., Programme Coordinator, I value the time, effort,
encouragement and ideas that they have contributed towards the successful
completion of my training, this report and the valuable knowledge that have been
shared over the last few semesters.

Last but not least, my special thanks to my beloved parents for their sacrifices over
the years.

Thank you so much.

(Times New Roman and font size,12)

(1.5 Spacing)

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ABSTRACT
(BOLD AND FONT SIZE, 12)

Energy is a very important thing to elaborate, therefore this report will discuss about
energy efficiency for the building envelope based on Code of Practice on Energy
Efficiency and Use of Renewable Energy for Non-Residential Building MS 1525:
2007. This report was conducted for the building envelope at Library of UiTM Perak
and Main Library of UM. The objective of this report is to compare the capacity of
two educational buildings and how far it fulfills the requirements in the guideline. It
will focus on energy conservation that provides a comfortable environment for its
occupants. To illustrate the function of building envelope as an important aspect to
focus on building surface design achievement and then to evaluate how far the
potential of the building envelope that could fulfill the building criteria that is
prescribed by the requirements in the guideline based on U Value and OTTV Value.
This report will also look at the energy efficiency management based on the
guideline by producing the use of effective and continuous energy and to evaluate the
quality of energy usage by creating energy efficient environment that gives a better
impact for the National Energy Sector in the future.
(Times New Roman and font size,12)

(Single Spacing)

What is Abstract?

Abstract is a very brief outline to give the reader a general idea and overview of
the report contents.

Your Abstract should include the following items:

1. Background: A simple opening sentence or two placing the topic and

meaning of the report.

2. Aims: One or two sentences giving the purpose of the report.

3. Objective(s): One or two sentences explaining the main objectives.

4. Methodology: One or two sentences explaining what was done.

5. Conclusions: One sentence giving the most important consequences of the

work.

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CONTENTS PAGE NO
(BOLD AND FONT SIZE, 12)

Acknowledgements i
Abstract ii
Contents iii
List of Tables iv
List of Figures v

CHAPTER 1.0 INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background of Study 2
1.2 Objectives 3
1.3 Scope of Study 6
1.4 Methods of Study 8
CHAPTER 2.0 COMPANY BACKGROUND
2.1 Introduction of Company 11
2.2 Company Profile 13
2.3 Organization Chart 14
2.4 List of Project 19
2.4.1 Completed Projects 21
2.4.2 Project in Progress 23
CHAPTER 3.0 CASE STUDY (BASED ON TOPIC OF THE REPORT)
3.1 Introduction to Case Study 25
3.2 Subtopic (Based on objective 1) 28
3.3 Subtopic (Based on objective 2) 40
3.4 Subtopic (Based on objective 3) 45
CHAPTER 4.0 CONCLUSION
4.1 Conclusion 50

REFERENCES

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LIST OF TABLES

(BOLD AND FONT SIZE, 12)

Table 1.1 xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx 5

Table 1.2 xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx 6

Table 2.2 xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx 20

Table 3.1 xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx 25

Table 3.2 xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx 30

(Times New Roman and font size,12)

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LIST OF FIGURES

(BOLD AND FONT SIZE, 12)

Figure 2.1 xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx 12

Figure 2.2 xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx 15

Figure 2.3 xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx 18

Figure 2.4 xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx 20

Figure 3.1 xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx 26

Figure 3.2 xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx 30

(Times New Roman and font size,12)

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CHAPTER 1.0 (BOLD AND FONT SIZE, 12)

(enter 2X)

INTRODUCTION (BOLD AND FONT SIZE, 12

(enter 2X)

1.1 Background of Study (Bold and Font Size, 12)

____________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________. (Times New Roman and font size,12)

____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________.

What is Background of Study?

Start with the description of your topic. Define important concepts within your topic with
refer to relevant references. Please cite the books/ journal papers (you can find using
www.scholar.google.com) that you referred to. The more the citations, the better your
writing is as it shows your readings.

For example, if you are reporting about basement topic (in particular the top-down
method), you should describe what is basement. Why it is important? How many types of
basement are they theoretically? What are the differences? And then you should narrow
down your writing to the advantages of top-down method. At the end of this two-page
description, in the last paragraph, please state the aim of your study. You may want to
write for example- there are many types of basement, however, the aim of this is to
discover the construction of top-down basement at a conjected area in Malaysia (closely
related to your report title). Please take note that the aim and objectives are different

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1.2 Objectives (Bold and Font Size, 12)

____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________.(Times New Roman and font size,12)

What are Objectives?

Objectives set you to achieve your aim. For example, in order to discover the
construction of top-down basement, you first need to study the methods, this will be your
first objective. You may start your sentence with to investigate, to determine, to analyze,
to describe… depending on what you include in your study. Do not have more than three
objectives.

Typical objectives for diploma students are:

i) to investigate the methods,
ii) to investigate the cost/ time and
iii) to determine the problems occurred and solutions taken to solve the problems

1.3 Scope of Study (Bold and Font Size, 12)

____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________.(Times New Roman and font size,12)

What is Scope of Study?

Where is the study carried out/ which site? Which province and state? What is your
study focus e.g. top-down and cut-and-cover methods only. What are studied e.g. the
methods including materials and machineries. What are not studied e.g. the quantity of
labors. Please describe in detail for each of your objectives.

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1.4 Methods of Study (Bold and Font Size, 12)

____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________.(Times New Roman and font size,12)

What is Methods of Study?

Describe the methods you use to collect data about your study/ site. Please take note that
references to BOOKS and INTERNET are not data. They are what you refer to write,
thus, they should be included as references. Data and references are two different
elements.

Typical data collection methods for practical students are:

1. Observation – please describe what you observed/ see about the topic e.g. methods of
constructing the x. For how long did you involve/observed? How did you record your
observation e.g. written notes, pictures and videos?

2. Interviews – there are several types of interviews. For example, if you ask questions
when you are doing your observation/ when you do your work (to understand more about
the topic) that can be considered as unstructured interviews. Please describe whom did
you had this type of interviews e.g. labors, supervisors, engineer, QS, architect… (Do not
include their names but the designations) and where.

You can also have semi-structured interviews in which questions are prepared
beforehand. And when you ask these questions, more follow-up questions cropped up.
Describe how long were the interviews carried out. Who and where? How did you
record? By audio recorder or by writing short notes?

3. Document reviews – please state what documents you refer to e.g. construction
drawings/ company profile/ standard operating procedures/ progress report/ pictures that
belongs to others, not the one you taken.

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 APPENDIX 22
CHAPTER 2.0 (BOLD AND FONT SIZE, 12)

(enter 2X)

COMPANY BACKGROUND (BOLD AND FONT SIZE, 12

(enter 2X)

2.1 Introduction of Company (Bold and Font Size, 12)

____________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________. (Times New Roman and font size,12)

(enter 2X)

2.2 Company Profile

____________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________. (Times New Roman and font size,12)

(enter 2X)

2.3 Company Organisation Chart

____________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________. (Times New Roman and font size,12)

What is Company Organization Chart?

The organization chart is an ideal way to illustrate the inner structure and hierarchy of a
company. It is also used to show the relation of one department to another department.

Make sure your organization chart is clear. And please have a brief explanation about
the chart before you paste it.

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 APPENDIX 23
2.4 List of Projects

2.4.1 Completed Projects

2.4.2 Project in Progress

What is List of Projects?

Please do not blindly copy the company profile. The reputation of the company and their
experience are important. Therefore, please exclude unnecessary contents such as the
logo of the company. Do not include in unnecessary documents in your report such as
the copy of their business license. Do not include details of the company in bullet points
/numbering but describe each point in your own words.

Students shall include completed projects for the past 5 years. Represent your
information in form of table as below:

No Project Project Start Completio Project Client

. Title Value Date n Date Duratio
n

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 APPENDIX 24
CHAPTER 3.0 (BOLD AND FONT SIZE, 12)

(enter 2X)

CASE STUDY (BASED ON TOPIC OF THE REPORT) (BOLD AND FONT

SIZE, 12

(enter 2X)

3.1 Introduction to Case Study (Bold and Font Size, 12)

____________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________. (Times New Roman and font size,12)

What is Introduction to Case Study?

Please start by describing what the project is and others details such as the project value
and date of completion. You may also want to include in the key plan, location plan and
the site plan and brief explanation of where it is situated and the surrounding areas/
networks. You also may want to describe the activities carried out on the site and your
focus is on XYZ activities only. There shall be no citations found in this chapter,
unless there are comparisons or further clarifications need to be made.

(enter 2X)

3.2 Subtopic (Based on objective 1)

____________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________. (Times New Roman and font size,12)

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 APPENDIX 25

Example of Subtopic (Based on objective 1)

Describe in detail how works were carried out. Please do not copy the standard operating
procedures because it gives instructions, not what is actually carried out on site. Report
what happened on site in detail! For example, do not just write - the points for ground
beams were marked – but explain more – the points for ground beams were marked using
a string, which were pulled from….

Avoid using the words shall be, must be, should be - these are instructions, not
descriptions! For example, you should say – the top soil was excavated 150mm thickness
using a backhoe. Do not write – 150mm thick of the top soil must be excavated – this is
wrong.

Please do not include any method statement. This section shall be described in paragraphs,
not in a table form/ statement.

(enter 2X)

3.3 Subtopic (Based on objective 2)

____________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________. (Times New Roman and font size,12)

(enter 2X)

3.3 Subtopic (Based on objective 3)

____________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________. (Times New Roman and font size,12)

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CHAPTER 4.0 (BOLD AND FONT SIZE, 12)

(enter 2X)

CONCLUSION (BOLD AND FONT

____________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________. (Times New Roman and font size,12)

What is Conclusion?

The conclusion enables you to highlight the main messages of the report. A
conclusion summarizes the report as a whole from the entire process about what
has been found, or decided, and the impact of those findings or decisions.

Please write what you have investigated or discovered in Chapter 3. Were the methods
new? Were the methods similar to that of theory? What were carried out differently? Were
the problems hard to solve?
 Please do not include your feelings e.g. this study is helpful, new information were
gained etc
 Please do not use the first name (I, we, us) in this section or other sections in the
report, except acknowledgement
 Please do not acknowledge anyone or say thank you in this section. Do this in your
acknowledgment section.

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 APPENDIX 27

REFERENCES (BOLD AND FONT SIZE, 12)

Books:

Surname, First Initial(s). (Year). Title of Book. City or Country of Publication.

Publisher

Example 1: Book with a single author:

Ackman, R.G. (1980). Science and Technology in Construction. UK. Taylor &
Francis Ltd

Bell, D. (2000). Roof Construction. Oxford. Donhead Publishing Ltd

Chan Teng Hoong (1999). Bahan dan Binaan. Kuala Lumpur. Penerbit Fajar Bakti

Muhammad Adam Abdullah (2000). Teknologi Pembinaan Bangunan. Kuala

Lumpur. Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka

Example 2: Book with 2 to 3 authors:

Wit, J. S., Poneman, D. B. & Gallucci, R. L. (2004). Going Critical: The First North
Korean Nuclear Crisis. Washington, D.C. Brookings Institution Press

Example 3: Book with more than 3 authors:

Roeder, K., Fielden, M., Ross, H. & Francis, G. (1967). Nerve Cells and Insect
Behavior. Cambridge. MA, Harvard University Press

(Times New Roman and font size,12)

Journal Articles:

Surname, First Initial(s). (Date). Title of article. Title of Periodical, volume (issue
number): page numbers.

Example 1:

Wharton, N. (2010). Health and safety in outdoor activity centres. Journal of

Adventure Education and Outdoor Leadership, 12(4): 8-9.

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 APPENDIX 28

Example 2:

Roth, J. (2013). Turning adversity into account. Urban Life and Culture, 3(3),
347-359.

Web Site:

Surname, initial(s). (Year as appearing on site). Title of Website. [Online].

Publisher. Available: URL. [Date you accessed the site].

Earl, J. (2014). Durability of Bricks in Construction [Online]. Available:

http://www.sciencedirectjournal.com. Retrieve on 31 October 2019.

Dawson, J., Deubert, K., Grey-Smith, S. & Smith, L. (2002). 'S' Trek 6: Referencing,
not plagiarism. [Online]
http://lisweb.curtin.edu.au/guides/studytrekk/strek6.html. Retrieved on 8 April
2017

JKR Malaysia. (2014). Garis Panduan Pembinaan Jalan Raya [Online]. Available:
http://www.jkr.gov.my. Retrieve on 10 July 2018.

(Times New Roman and font size,12)

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