Test Bank for General Organic and Biological Chemistry

3rd Edition by Frost Deal ISBN 0134042425

9780134042428
Full download link at: https://testbankpack.com/p/test-bank-for-general-organic-and-
biological-chemistry-3rd-edition-by-frost-deal-isbn-0134042425-9780134042428/
General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry, 3e (Frost)
Chapter 5 Chemical Reactions

5.1 Multiple-Choice

1) The minimum energy that reactants need in order for the molecules to be in the correct
orientation is called:
A) collision energy
B) dissociation energy
C) activation energy
D) orientation energy
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Section: 5-1
Global: G1
LO: 5.1

2) For a reaction to be exothermic or endothermic it is determined by:

A) the activation energy
B) the states of the reactants
C) the overall loss or gain of energy when the bonds break and reform
D) collision orientation of molecules
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Section: 5-1
Global: G1
LO: 5.1

3) What type of nutrient has the highest energy content per gram?
A) Carbohydrate
B) Fat
C) Protein
D) They all have the same energy content.
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Section: 5-1
Global: G1
LO: 5.1

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4) A food sample contains 10 g fat, 12 g carbohydrate, and 8 g protein. The energy content is:
A) 120 Cal
B) 160 Cal
C) 170 Cal
D) 180 Cal
Answer: C
Diff: 2
Section: 5-1
Global: G4
LO: 5.1

5) Which of the following factors influence the rate of a reaction?

A) Temperature
B) Reactant concentration
C) A catalyst
D) All of the above
Answer: D
Diff: 1
Section: 5-2
Global: G1
LO: 5.2

6) A fast reaction rate for a chemical reaction is dependent on:

A) having a large activation energy
B) having a small activation energy
C) being exothermic
D) being endothermic
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Section: 5-2
Global: G1
LO: 5.2

7) Which of the following processes is nonspontaneous?

A) An antacid tablet reacting with stomach acid to produce carbon dioxide
B) A hot pan cooling on the counter
C) Water turning to ice below 0°C
D) A battery being recharged
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Section: 5-1
Global: G2
LO: 5.1

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8) Determine which of the statements is incorrect regarding this figure:

A) Reaction I is exergonic.
B) Reaction II occurs faster than reaction I.
C) Reaction II is endergonic.
D) The activation energy for reaction I is smaller than that of reaction II.
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Section: 5-2
Global: G2
LO: 5.2

9) Which of the following actions would not increase the rate of a reaction?
A) Diluting the reactants by a factor of 2
B) Increasing the temperature by 10°C
C) Adding a catalyst
D) Increasing the concentration of the reactants by a factor of 2
Answer: A
Diff: 2
Section: 5-2
Global: G2
LO: 5.2

10) An enzyme increases the rate of a biological process in what way?

A) Increases the concentration of reactants
B) Increases the temperature of the reactants
C) Lowers the activation energy of the process
D) Makes the reaction more exergonic
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Section: 5-2
Global: G1
LO: 5.2

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Copyright © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc.
11) Which of the following are enzyme-based diseases?
A) Gout
B) Lactose intolerance
C) Phenylketonuria
D) All of the above
Answer: D
Diff: 1
Section: 5-2
Global: G1
LO: 5.2

12) In what type of reaction are there more reactant substances than product substances?
A) Combination
B) Decomposition
C) Single displacement
D) Double displacement
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Section: 5-3
Global: G1
LO: 5.3

13) In what type of reaction are there more product substances than reactant substances?
A) Combination
B) Decomposition
C) Single displacement
D) Double displacement
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Section: 5-3
Global: G1
LO: 5.3

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14) What type of reaction is illustrated in this diagram?

A) Combination
B) Decomposition
C) Single displacement
D) Double displacement
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Section: 5-3
Global: G2
LO: 5.3

15) What type of reaction is illustrated in this diagram?

A) Combination
B) Decomposition
C) Single displacement
D) Double displacement
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Section: 5-3
Global: G2
LO: 5.3

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16) The following reaction is an example of which of the following?
Na2CO3(aq) + Pb(NO3)2(aq) → 2NaNO3(aq) + PbCO3(s)
A) Synthesis
B) Decomposition
C) Single displacement
D) Double displacement
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Section: 5-3
Global: G2
LO: 5.3

17) A piece of zinc placed in hydrochloric acid results in a fierce effervescence and the zinc
eventually dissolves, yielding a solution of zinc chloride. A glowing splint gives a "popping"
sound, indicating the presence of hydrogen gas. What type of reaction is it?
A) Combination
B) Decomposition
C) Single displacement
D) Double displacement
Answer: C
Diff: 2
Section: 5-3
Global: G2
LO: 5.3

18) A solution of sodium chloride when added to a solution of silver nitrate produces a white
precipitate of silver chloride. What type of reaction is it?
A) Combination
B) Decomposition
C) Single displacement
D) Double displacement
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Section: 5-3
Global: G2
LO: 5.3

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19) What is the coefficient for O2 when the equation for the combustion of C5H12 to CO2 and
H2O is balanced?
A) 6
B) 7
C) 8
D) 9
Answer: C
Diff: 2
Section: 5-3
Global: G2
LO: 5.3

20) What is the coefficient for O2 when the equation for the combustion of C4H10 to CO2 and
H2O is balanced?
A) 6
B) 7
C) 12
D) 13
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Section: 5-3
Global: G2
LO: 5.3

21) Which of these reactions is a double displacement reaction?

A) K(s) + H2O(l) → H2(g) + KOH(aq)
B) Mg(s) + HClO4(aq) → Mg(ClO4)2(aq) + H2(g)
C) BaO(s) + H2O(l) → Ba(OH)2(aq)
D) CH3COOH(aq) + K2CO3(aq) → H2O(l) + CO2(g) + KCH3COO(aq)
Answer: D
Diff: 1
Section: 5-3
Global: G1
LO: 5.3

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22) What statement is incorrect about this oxidation-reduction reaction?
2 SO2(g) + O2(g) → 2 SO3(g)
A) O2 is the oxidizing agent.
B) SO2 is the reducing agent.
C) O2 is reduced.
D) SO2 gains electrons.
Answer: D
Diff: 1
Section: 5-4
Global: G2
LO: 5.4

23) When an organic molecule loses hydrogens it is said to be:

A) reduced
B) oxidized
C) both oxidized and reduced
D) neither oxidized or reduced
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Section: 5-4
Global: G1
LO: 5.4

24) When an organic molecule gains hydrogens it is said to be:

A) reduced
B) oxidized
C) both oxidized and reduced
D) neither oxidized or reduced
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Section: 5-4
Global: G1
LO: 5.4

25) When a substance is oxidized it is called a(n):

A) oxidizing agent
B) reducing agent
C) both
D) neither
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Section: 5-4
Global: G1
LO: 5.4

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26) When a substance is reduced it is called a(n):
A) oxidizing agent
B) reducing agent
C) both
D) neither
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Section: 5-4
Global: G1
LO: 5.4

27) If this is the reduced form of NADH which of the following is the oxidized form of this
important biomolecule?
A) NADH2
B) NAD+
C) NAD
D) NAD+2
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Section: 5-4
Global: G1
LO: 5.4

28) Identify the correct sequence of substances in degree of oxidation.

A) Alcohol → aldehyde → carboxylic acid
B) Carboxylic acid → aldehyde → alcohol
C) Alcohol → carboxylic acid → aldehyde
D) Carboxylic acid → alcohol → aldehyde
Answer: A
Diff: 2
Section: 5-4
Global: G2
LO: 5.4

29) Hydrogenation of an alkene is an example of what kind of reaction?

A) Addition
B) Oxidation
C) Hydrolysis
D) Hydration
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Section: 5-5, 5-6
Global: G1
LO: 5.6

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30) What is the most likely product of hydration of CH3CH=CH2?
A) CH3CH2CH2OH
B) CH3CH2CH3
C) CH3CHOHCH3
D) CH3CHOHCH2OH
Answer: C
Diff: 2
Section: 5-6
Global: G2
LO: 5.6

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Copyright © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc.
31) Which of the following molecules would yield this product when hydrated?

A)

B)

C)

D) All of the above could yield this product.

Answer: D
Diff: 3
Section: 5-6
Global: G2
LO: 5.6

11
Copyright © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc.
5.2 True/False

1) A hotpack is an example of an endothermic reaction.

Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1
Section: 5-1
Global: G1
LO: 5.1

2) An exothermic reaction requires heat energy.

Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1
Section: 5-1
Global: G1
LO: 5.1

3) The free energy of the products in an endergonic reaction is higher than that of the reactants.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
Section: 5-1
Global: G1
LO: 5.1

4) In a solid, the particles are arranged in the most random way.

Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1
Section: 5-1
Global: G1
LO: 5.1

5) A spontaneous reaction proceeds without requiring additional energy from the surroundings.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2
Section: 5-1
Global: G2
LO: 5.1

6) The Gibbs free energy change includes contributions from both heat and randomness.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2
Section: 5-1
Global: G1
LO: 5.1

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Copyright © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc.
7) Diamond will convert spontaneously into graphite.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2
Section: 5-1
Global: G2
LO: 5.1

8) An exergonic reaction is always spontaneous.

Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2
Section: 5-1
Global: G1
LO: 5.1

9) The following energy diagram represents an exergonic reaction:

Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1
Section: 5-1
Global: G3
LO: 5.1

10) Carbohydrates have the highest energy content per gram among carbohydrates, fats and
proteins.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1
Section: 5-1
Global: G1
LO: 5.1

13
Copyright © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc.
11) A spontaneous reaction always occurs rapidly.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 2
Section: 5-1
Global: G1
LO: 5.1

12) A catalyst increases the reaction rate by reducing the free energy change for the process.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1
Section: 5-2
Global: G1
LO: 5.2

13) A catalyst increases the reaction rate by reducing the activation energy.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
Section: 5-2
Global: G1
LO: 5.2

14) An enzyme is a biological catalyst.

Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
Section: 5-2
Global: G1
LO: 5.2

15) An enzyme is a carbohydrate.

Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1
Section: 5-2
Global: G1
LO: 5.2

16) The conversion of ATP to ADP provides energy used to drive other biological reactions.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
Section: 5-1, 5-3
Global: G1
LO: 5.1, 5.3

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Copyright © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc.
17) A reducing agent gains electrons.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1
Section: 5-4
Global: G1
LO: 5.4

18) Reduction is associated with gain of hydrogen atoms.

Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
Section: 5-4
Global: G1
LO: 5.4

19) Oxidation is associated with loss of oxygen atoms.

Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1
Section: 5-4
Global: G1
LO: 5.4

20) A substance is reduced if it gains electrons.

Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
Section: 5-4
Global: G1
LO: 5.4

21) NAD+ is an oxidizing agent.

Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
Section: 5-4
Global: G1
LO: 5.4

22) Conversion of an aldehyde to a carboxylic acid involves reduction.

Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1
Section: 5-4
Global: G1
LO: 5.4

15
Copyright © 2017 Pearson Education, Inc.
Another random document with
no related content on Scribd:
chimneypiece is of white marble, very delicately carved with a fine
pier glass over. Great care has been taken with the ornamental
plaster frieze (illustrated on the next page) and ceiling (Plate 68),
both of which are of exceptional merit. The painted panels are
said[712] to be by Antonio Zucchi. It is difficult to dissociate his work
from that of Angelica Kauffmann, whom he afterwards (1781)
married, but on close examination it will be noticed that the panels
reputed to be by the latter in No. 25[713] (Plate 85) are somewhat
different in arrangement and composition.

The studio cornice and ceiling have been repeated in No. 10,
even to the paintings, a fact which points to one controlling influence
in the decorative treatment of these houses.
Condition of repair.
The premises are in good repair.
Biographical notes.
According to the ratebooks the first occupier of No. 1 was Sir Lionel
Lyde, who took up his residence here in 1781. In 1791 he was succeeded by
Geo. Gosling, who remained until after the close of the century.
In the Council’s collection are:—
[714]Ground and first floor plans (measured drawing).
[714]Front view (photograph).
[714]Entrance porch (measured drawing).
[714]Entrance hall, view looking south (photograph).
[714]Entrance hall, view looking north, showing staircase
(photograph).
[714]Centre portion of ornamental ceiling in entrance hall
(photograph).
[714]Chimney breast in rear room on ground floor (photograph).

General view of rear room on first floor (photograph).

Chimneypiece in rear room on first floor (photograph).
[714]Ornamental plaster frieze in rear room on first floor
(photograph).
[714]Ornamental plaster ceiling with painted panels in rear room on
first floor (photograph).
LXX.—Nos. 6 and 6a, BEDFORD SQUARE.[715]
Ground landlord and lessees.
Ground landlord, The Crown; lessees, William Harris, Esq.
(No. 6), Walter F. Trow, Esq. (No. 6A).
General description and date of
structure.
This house was not in existence on 20th November, 1777, as
the lease of No. 7, Bedford Square, granted on that date,[716] mentions
as the southern boundary “ground contracted to be built upon.” It
first appears in the parish ratebooks in 1781.
The house is centrally placed on the east side, and is the
largest in the square (Plate 69). It is now in two occupations, each
being given a separate entrance. The hall has been divided and a few
of the earlier openings closed, but otherwise the premises are, on the
whole, as originally erected.
An important feature is the hall containing a staircase to the
first floor, constructed of stone, with a balustrade of wrought iron
formed with pairs of simple bars alternating with an ornamental
baluster. There is an enriched cornice and ceiling below the first floor
landing and this level is marked on the wall of the hall by a beautiful
band of ornament (illustrated on the next page). The side walls above
this level are enriched with plaster mouldings. The end walls are
semi-circular in plan. The ceiling at the second floor level is an
exceptionally good example of design in plaster (Plate 70), composed
of two decorated and fluted semi-domes over the end walls,
supporting pendentives which carry a circular cornice, from which
springs a domical lantern. The front room on the ground floor has a
white marble inlay chimneypiece. The front room on the first floor to
the south has a much damaged painted ceiling, and a fine marble
chimneypiece (Plate 71) with Ionic columns and sculptured panel in
the frieze.
The long room to the front on the same floor in No. 6A has a
segmental ceiling similar to that in No. 10 (Plate 74), but is not
decorated. There are two ornamental plaques in the frieze of the end
walls, and the eastern back room on the second floor contains a
white marble chimneypiece with sculptured figure and festoons.
IRON STAIR BALUSTERS
Condition of repair.
The premises are in good repair.
Biographical notes.
The ratebooks show that the first occupant of the house was Lord
Loughborough, whose residence here began in 1781 and lasted until 1798.
Particulars of the life of Alexander Wedderburn, Baron Loughborough,
afterwards Earl of Rosslyn, have already been given in the previous volume
dealing with the Parish of St. Giles-in-the-Fields.[717]
In 1798 Loughborough was succeeded in the occupation of the house
by Lord Eldon.
John Scott, first Earl of Eldon, was born at Newcastle-upon-Tyne in
1751. The son of a coal-factor, he was at first intended for that business, but
through the influence of his brother William (afterwards Lord Stowell), he
went to Oxford in 1766, with a view to taking orders. After his marriage in
1772, he gave up the church and turned to the law. He became a student at
Middle Temple in January, 1773, and was called to the Bar in 1776. In 1783
he became King’s counsel and was returned to Parliament as member for
the close borough of Weobley, Herefordshire. In Parliament he gave general
support to Pitt and in 1788 was appointed solicitor-general, and was
knighted. He succeeded in 1793 to the attorney-generalship, in which he
conducted the vigorous prosecutions against British sympathisers with
French Republicanism, and became for the time the best hated man in
England. In 1799 he became Lord Chief Justice of the Court of Common
Pleas, and on the formation of Addington’s ministry in 1801, he was
appointed Lord Chancellor. Lord Eldon continued in office as Chancellor
under Pitt (1804–1806), and on the formation of the Portland
administration in 1807, resumed the Great Seal, which he retained for
twenty years. His influence in the Cabinet was supreme, and he was, in all
but name, prime minister of England. His one aim in politics was to keep in
office and maintain things as he found them. In 1821, Lord Eldon was
created Viscount Encombe and Earl of Eldon. He died in London on 13th
January, 1838.
In the Council’s collection are:—
[718]Ground and first floor plans (measured drawing).
Staircase in No. 6 (photograph).
[718]Stair balusters (measured drawing).

Ornamental ceiling of landing and lantern light over staircase

(photograph).
[718]Lantern over staircase (photograph).

Panel on wall of staircase (photograph).

[718]Detail of plaster decoration of staircase (photograph).

Marble chimneypiece in front room on ground floor

(photograph).
General view of rear room on ground floor (photograph).
[718]Marble chimneypiece in front room on first floor
(photograph).
Marble chimneypiece in rear room on second floor
(photograph).
General view of front room on first floor (No. 6A) (photograph).
No. 8, Bedford Square—
Inner doorway and fanlight (photograph).
Lantern over staircase (photograph).
LXXI.—No. 9, BEDFORD SQUARE.[719]
Ground landlord and lessee.
Ground landlord, The Crown; lessees, executors to the late
Mrs. Edward Clarke.
General description and date of
structure.
On 20th November, 1777, a lease[720] was granted, as from
Michaelmas, 1775, of “all that parcel of ground, with the messuage
thereon erected on the east side of Bedford Square ... being the
second house southward from the opening opposite Bedford Street
[Bayley Street].” The house was obviously No. 9, which first appears
in the parish ratebooks for the year 1779.
The ground floor front room has a white marble chimneypiece
inlaid with coloured marble, over which, on the chimney breast, is an
oval plaque with a figure subject (Plate 72) and ornamental plaster
decorations.
There are two other plaques (Plate 72) of the same shape, one
over the door of this room and the other on the chimney breast in the
rear room.
Another piece of figure work is placed over the door to the
front room on the first floor, representing Anacreon and Eros.
The two rooms on the first floor have finely ornamented
ceilings, that in the front room being illustrated in Plate 73. The
chimneypieces are chiefly of white marble, the one in the front room
having Ionic capitals and coloured marble shafts, while that in the
rear room is inlaid with coloured marble, and has a sculptured panel
in the frieze.
Condition of repair.
The premises are in good repair.
Biographical notes.
The ratebooks show that Jas. Langston lived at No. 9 from 1779 to
1797, and Mrs. Langston is shown in occupation of the house during the
remainder of the century.
In the Council’s collection are:—
[721]Chimneypiece in front room on ground floor (plaque and frieze
reproduced) (photograph).
[721]Plaque over door and frieze in front room on ground floor
(photograph).
[721]Plaque on chimney-breast and frieze in rear room on ground
floor (photograph).
Alto relievo over entrance to drawing room (photograph).
Marble chimneypiece in rear room on first floor (photograph).
[721]Ornamental plaster ceiling in front room on first floor
(photograph).
Ornamental plaster ceiling in rear room on first floor (photograph).
LXXII.—No. 10, BEDFORD SQUARE.[722]
Ground landlord and lessee.
Ground landlord, The Crown; lessees, The Virol Research
Laboratories, Ltd.