Thermodynamics Assignment-2

1. For an ideal gas, isochoric temperature based pressure change coefficient is equal to
1 1 1
(a) (b) (c) T (d)
T P V

1  P 
Sol.: As   P  T 
 V
For an ideal gas,

 P  R
 T   V
 V

1R R
   
P  V  RT

1

T
Correct option is (a)

 S 
2.  V  is equal to
 T

2 
(a)   (b) (c)  (d)
 

1  V 

Sol.: V  T P

1  V 

V  P T

  V   P 
    
  T  P  V T

 P   V   T 
As  V   T   P   1
 T  P  V

 P   V   P    P 
        
 V T  T  P  T  V   T  V

 P   S   S  
as  T    V    V   
 V  T  T
Correct option is (d)
3. Which of the following relation is correct.

 2TV
(a) CP  C V   2  T  V  (b) C P  CV 


 2  TV TV
(c) C P  CV  (d) CP  CV 
 2
2
 P   V 
Sol.: C P  CV  T    
 V T  T P

1  V 
as   V  T 
 P

1  V 

V  P T

2 1 
 C P  C V  T  V    
 V 

 2 VT
 CP  C V 

Correct option is (c)
4. Joule-Thomson experiment in an example of which of the following process
(i) Isothermal process (ii) Adiabatic process
(iii) Isoenthalpic process (iv) Isochoric process
(a) i and iii (b) ii and iii (c) i and iv (d) iii and iv
Sol.: The Joule-Thomson experiment is carried out under isoenthalpic and adiabatic conditions.
Correct option is (b)
5. At critical temperature, heat of vapourization is
(a) Greather than zero (b) Less than zero (c) Equal to zero (d) Infinite
Sol.: Heat of vapourization is zero at critical temperature.
Correct option is (c)
6. The value of isothermal compressibility factor at critical point is,
(a) Zero (b) Infinite (c) 1 (d) Any number
1  V 
Sol.: Isothermal compressibility  K T    V  P 
 T
 P 
At critical temperature isotherm  V  has zero slope.
 T
Thus at T  TC, KT becomes infinite.
Correct option is (b)
7. A gas expands from a volume of 3.0 dm3 to 5.0 dm3 against a constant external pressure of 3.0
atm. The work done during the expansion is used to heat 10.0 ml of water of temperature
290.0K. Calculate the final temperature of water.
(Specific heat of water = 4.184 Jg–1K–1)
(a) 0.81 K (b) 0.81º (c) 20.67º (d) 273K
Sol.: W  PV  P  V2  V1 

W  3  5  3  6Latm  607.8J
This work is used for heating water.
Molar heat capacity of water = 4.184 × 18 = 75.312 JK–1 mol–1
Now, Q = mst
607.8 = 10 × 75.312 × t
 t = 0.81º
Correct option is (b)
8. Calculate the enthalpy change on freezing of 1.0 mol of water at 10ºC to ice at –10ºC.

 fus H  6.03 kJ mol1 at 0º C

Cp  H 2O      75.3 J mol1k 1

Cp  H 2O  s    36.8 J mol1k 1
(a) 6.26 kJ mol–1 (b) 0 (c) –7.15 kJ mol–1 (d) 7.15 kJ mol–1
H
Sol.: 1 mol water 10º C  
1
 1 mol water  0º C 
H
1 mol water  0º C  
2
 1 mol ice  0º C 

H
1 mol ice  0º C  
3
 1 mol ice  10º C 

H1  nCp  H 2O     T

H1  1 75.3   0  10   0.753 kJ mol 1


H 2  n  fruzing H 
H 2  n   fus.H 

H 2  1  6.03   6.03 kJ mol 1

H 3  nCp  H 2 O  s   T

H3  1 36.8   10  0 

H3  0.368 kJ mol 1

H  0.753 kJ mol1  6.03kJ mol 1  0.368 kJ mol1

H  7.15 kJ mol1
Correct option is (c)
9. Vapour pressures of water at 95ºC and 100ºC are 634 and 760 mm respectively. Calculate the
molar heat of vapourisation, Hvap. of water between 95ºC and 100ºC.
(a) –41.363 kJ mol–1 (b) 41.363 kJ mol–1 (c) 63.46 kJ mol–1 (d) –63.46 kJ mol–1

P2 H vap.  1 1 
Sol.: As ln    
P1 R  T1 T2 

760  H vap.  1 1 
 ln     
 1 1
634  8.314 Jk mol   368k 373k 

 H vap.  41.363 J mol1

 41.363 kJ mol1 .
Correct option is (b)
10. Ether boils at 33.5ºC at 1 atm pressure. At what temperature will it boil at a pressure of 750 mm,
given that heat of vapourisation of ether is 369.86 joule per gram.
(a) 305ºC (b) 40ºC (c) 342ºC (d) 33ºC

P2 H vap.  1 1 
Sol.: ln    
P1 R  T1 T2 

 ln
750 mm

 
369.86 Jg 1 74 g mol1  1  1 
 
 1  1 
760 mm 8.314 Jk mol  306.5k T2 

 T2  305.9k

or T2  32.9º C  33º C
Correct option is (d)
11. For an endothermic reaction, correct statement is:
(a) Bonds in products are weaker than those in reactants.
(b) Bonds in products are stronger than those in reactants.
(c) Bond strength is equal in both products and reactants.
(d) Bond strength can’t be predicted.
Sol.: The bonds in the products are weaker than those in the reactants.
Correct option is (a)
12. How many calories are required to heat 40 gram of argon from 40ºC to 100ºC at constant
volume? {R = 2 Call mol k)
(a) 120 (b) 2400 (c) 1200 (d) 180
–1 –1
Sol.: For a monoatomic gas like Ar, CV = 3 Cal mol and CP = 5 Cal mol .
As 40 g of argon = 1 mole
Hence, heat required to raise the temperature from 40ºC to 100ºC at constant volume
 3  100  40   180 Cal .
Correct option is (d)
13. Molar heat capacity of water in equilibrium with ice at constant pressure is
(a) 0 (b) 40.50 KJ K–1 mol–1
(c)  (d) 75.48 JK–1 mol–1
dq
Sol.: As CP 
dT
At equilibrium, dT = 0
 CP  
Correct option is (c)
14. For the reaction A  B, H = + 24 kJ/mole for the reaction B  C, H = –18 kJ/mole the
decreasing order of enthalpy of A, B, C follows the order:
(a) A, B, C (b) B, C, A (c) C, B, A (d) C, A, B
Sol.: A  B, H = +ve means that H(A) < H(B)
B  C, H = –ve, means that H(C) < H(B)
Adding the given equations, we get
A  C, H = +6 kJ/mol i.e., H(A) < H(C)
Combining the above results,
H(A) < H(C) < H(B)
Correct option is (b)
15. An endothermic reaction is allowed to take place rapidly in air. The temperature of the surround-
ing air will
(a) increase (b) decrease
(c) remains unaffected (d) may increase or decrease
Sol.: It will absorb heat from the surrounding air. Hence, temperature of the surrounding air will
decrease.
Correct option is (b)
16. Water is supercooled to –4ºC, the enthalpy is:
(a) same as ice at –4ºC (b) more than ice at –4ºC
(c) same as ice at 0ºC (d) less than ice at –4ºC
Sol.: When ice is supercooled to –4ºC, heat is released, so enthalpy decreases.
Correct option is (d)