24GHz mmWave Sensor - Human Static

Presence Module Lite Datasheet

Product Overview

Statement
This document is the datasheet for the 24GHz mmWave Sensor - Human Static
Presence Module Lite and covers its hardware design and specification.

Description
24GHz mmWave Sensor - Human Static Presence Module Lite is an antenna-
integrated, health-friendly mmwave radar sensor that applies FMCW ranging
technology, with operation in 24GHz, for implementation of human presence,
independently of environmental influences. This is also a personalized radar that
users can configure underlying parameters of it to determine detected functions.

Feature
⚫ 24GHz millimeter wave radar sensor - detect human presence and absence, the
motion and the direction of motion, object speed and detected distance
⚫ Highly configurable - adjust detection range, sensing sensitivity, trigger threshold,
valid time for states changing, and installation environment.
⚫ Two output modes - standard function and underlying open function

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⚫ Human motion perception maximum range: 5 meters
⚫ Human static perception maximum range: 4 meters
⚫ Antenna beam width: 90° horizontal / 60° vertical sector beam
⚫ With scene recognition ability, identify human presence/absence and human
activity state, output body motion amplitude
⚫ High immunity against interferences: Output data independently of environmental
influences like temperature, humidity, noise, airflow, dust, light
⚫ Long power supply, the radar module power is less than 0.5 watts
Operating Principle

The radar transmits 24G band millimeter wave signal to the detected object and the
object reflects back the electromagnetic wave signal to the radar. Inside the radar, the
transmitted signal is firstly decomposed, then amplificated, going through filtering, ADC,
and other signal processing, to be converted into echo demodulation signal data and
finally be transmitted to the MCU unit. In the MCU unit, the amplitude, frequency and
phase of these echo signal are calculated to measure target parameters (respiration,
movement, fretting, etc.) or evaluate the scenes.
Application
⚫ Automatically outdoor lighting
⚫ Automaed door opening
⚫ Whole house monitor
⚫ Intelligent home appliances (TV, bath bully, security, etc.)
⚫ Office energy (air conditioning, lighting)
⚫ Sleep monitoring curve
⚫ Home security
⚫ IPC trigger

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Debugging Tools
⚫ Upper Computer Software
⚫ Arduino

Hardware Overview
Interfaces Diagram

Interface 1 1 5V 5.0V Input

2 GND Ground

3 RX 3.3v Receive

4 TX 3.3v Transmit

5 GP2 3.3V/0V Presence/Absence

6 GP1 3.3V/0V Active/Stationary

Note
GP2 output: high level - human presence, low level - human absence

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Interface 2 Pin Description Typical Detail

1 3V3 3.3V Input

2 GND Ground

3 SL

4 SD

Spare expansion
5 GP3 IO
pin

Spare expansion
6 GP4 IO
pin

Spare expansion
7 GP5 IO
pin

Spare expansion
8 GP6 IO
pin

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Note
GP3 to GP6 are the parameter selection control terminals, which can be redefined
based on user requirements.
The output signals of this interface are 3.3V.

Dimensions Schematic Diagram

Installation Method
The recommanded installation methods are showing below:

⚫ Horizontal Installation

⚫ Diagonal Installation

⚫ Top Mounting

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Horizontal Installation

The figure below shows the horizontal installation mode. This installation method is mainly
used for human body detection in standing or sitting state, such as in the living room,
household appliance application and other occasions.

⚫ The recommmended installation height is 1 m ~1.5 m

⚫ The radar should be installed horizontally and forward, where installation
angle should be ≤±5°.
⚫ In this installation method:
 The detection range of moving human body(L3) is ≤ 5 m
 The detection range of human sitting/fretting(L2) is ≤ 4 m
 The presence detection range of human sleep(L1) is ≤ 3 m
⚫ There should be no obvious shielding or covering in front of the radar.

Note

⚫ Due to the limitation of radar antenna beam range, the effective range will be
reduced if the radar deviates from the normal direction.

⚫ Millimeter wave frequency wave has certain penetration characteristics for non-
metallic materials, that it can penetrate common glass, wood, screen and thin
partition wall, also detect the moving object behind the block. But for thicker
load-bearing walls such as metal doors it can not penetrate.

Diagonal Installation

The figure below shows the diagonal installation mode. This installation method is mainly

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used to detect human movement in the room, mainly suitable for hotels, halls and other
places.

⚫ The recommmended installation height is 2 m ~ 2.75 m

⚫ The down tilt angle range should be 10°~30°
⚫ In this installation method:
 The detection range of moving human body(L3) is ≤ 4.5 m
 The detection range of human sitting/fretting(L2) is ≤ 2.5 m
 The presence detection range of human sleep(L1) is ≤ 1.8 m
⚫ There should be no obvious shielding or covering in front of the radar.

Note

⚫ Due to the limitation of radar antenna beam range, the effective range will be
reduced if the radar deviates from the normal direction.

⚫ Millimeter wave frequency wave has certain penetration characteristics for non-
metallic materials, that it can penetrate common glass, wood, screen and thin
partition wall, also detect the moving object behind the block. But for thicker
load-bearing walls such as metal doors it can not penetrate.

Top Mounting

The figure below shows the top mounting mode. This installation method is mainly used
for the human body monitoring under the lying state, such as bedroom, nursing home,
hospital bed, etc.

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⚫ The recommmended installation height is ≤ 2.75 m
⚫ The horizontal deviation angle should be ≤ 3°
⚫ In this installation method:
 The detection range of moving human body(L3) is ≤ 4.3 m
 The detection range of human sitting/fretting(L2) is ≤ 4 m
 The presence detection range of human sleep(L1) is ≤ 1.8 m
⚫ There should be no obvious shielding or covering in front of the radar.

Note

⚫ Due to the limitation of radar antenna beam range, the effective range will be
reduced if the radar deviates from the normal direction.

⚫ Millimeter wave frequency wave has certain penetration characteristics for non-
metallic materials, that it can penetrate common glass, wood, screen and thin
partition wall, also detect the moving object behind the block. But for thicker
load-bearing walls such as metal doors it can not penetrate.

Installation Instructions
Radar installation method recommendation and detection

range
The radar coverage is a three-dimensional sector of 90° horizontally and 60° tilted.

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Note: To ensure radar detection accuracy, please install it on top!
The range of the overhead radar is about 6m*9m when detecting human activity,
4m*5m when detecting human motionlessness, and 3m*2m when scanning sleep. The
range is 4m*5m, and the range when scanning sleep is about 3m*2m.

Scene setting (sensing range setting)

Detection distance for Stationary detection Sensitivity

trigger conditions distance (diameter)

(Diameter)

Maximum area mode Wide angle 9m / Wide angle 6m / 3

narrow angle 6m narrow angle 5m

Area detection mode Wide angle 7m / Wide angle 5m / 2

(default) narrow angle 5m narrow angle 4m

Small-area detection Wide angle 5.5m / Wide angle 2.5m / 1

narrow angle 4m narrow angle 2m

Radar installation step-by-step guide

1. Initialize a scene pattern by comparing the approximate area of the space.
2. Confirm the main area of human activity, the middle of the location is the radar
installation location.
3. Determine the entrance and exit of the space, the long side of the radar to the
entrance and exit, to ensure that people enter the trigger effect.

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4. Confirm the presence of interference sources within the radar detection range.
5. Reducing the dynamic detection range in case of interference sources within the
radar detection range (adjusting the scene mode to a smaller size).
In the "doorway entry trigger motion detection" and "radar detection of anti-interference
stability" to make trade-offs, it is recommended to give priority to ensure the anti-
interference and stability of radar detection.
6. Confirm the real use of radar scene is home scene or office scene, recommended
initial sensitivity.
Small space will enhance the reflection of the radar, enhance the radar detection effect,
reduce the sensitivity to neutralize the reflection interference, to ensure the stability of
unmanned judgment. Ensure the stability of unmanned judgment.
Large space will reduce the reflection of radar, weakening the radar detection effect,
and increase the sensitivity to neutralize the weakening interference. Ensure manned
presence stability.
7. Follow the steps to confirm the final scene mode and sensitivity for normal use.
Example:

Hotel space size: 10 ㎡ - 20 ㎡

Interference source: Air conditioner outdoor unit / blackout curtain / partition wall
Recommended installation sensitivity: 3 (according to the space to adjust the small)
Scene mode recommendation: area detection mode (need to assess the actual space
size selected scene mode)
Installation orientation: long side to the door

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 Specification
Basic Information

Contents Minimum Typical Maximum Unit

Operating voltage (VCC) 4.5 5.0 6 V

Operating current (ICC) 95 110 120 mA

Operating I\O
- 8 20 mA
Input/output current(IIO)

Operating temperature -20 - +85 ℃

Storage temperature -40 - +85 ℃

Buad rate - 115200 -

Power cost - ≤5 - watt

Dimension - - mm

Weight - - g

Detect Angle and Range

Contents Minimum Typical Maximun unit Installation

Motion detection
- 5 5 meter slide mount
range

Stationary/micro
- 4 4 meter slide mount
movements detection

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range

Detection range in the -

3 3.5 meter slide mount
case of sleep

Radar detection angle -

90 degree
(horizontal)

Radar detection angle

- 60 degree
(pitch)

RF Performace

Maximu
Contents Minimum Typical unit
n

Operating frequency 24.0 - 24.25 GHz

Transmitted power 6 8 dBm

-

Antenna gain 10 dBi

horizontal beam (3dB) 100 degree

vertical beam (3dB) 80 degree

FAQ
Are there the interfering factors around? What are the interfering factors?

Interference factors: Radar belongs to electromagnetic wave detection sensor, so

active inanimate experience will lead to false positives. The movement of the metal,
the liquid body, can cause misjudgments. For example, electric fans, pets close to the
radar, and the shaking of metal curtains can cause misjudgments. Radar needs to be
considered the installation carefully.

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Non-interfering factor: Radar electromagnetic waves will penetrate human clothing,
curtains, thin boards, glass. The installation Angle and performance of radar should
be determined according to its application.
Semi-interfering factor: Radar determines the existence of human body, which is
not suitable for directly facing air conditioner. The electric generator inside the air
conditioner can cause the radar to misjudge. Requires radar products that do not
directly face air conditioning, nor should in the same direction as the air conditioner.
Can this radar range?

The detection range of the radar module is closely related to the target RCS and
environmental factors, and the effective detection range may change with the change
of the environment and target. This module does not have the ranging function for the
moment, so it is normal for the effective detection range to fluctuate in a certain
range.
What should I pay attention to about the power supply?

The requirement of radar module on power quality is higher than that of conventional
low frequency circuit. When supplying power to modules, it should ensure that the
power source has no gate limit burr or ripple phenomenon, and effectively shield the
power noise caused by the accessory devices.
The radar module needs to be well grounded. Due to the ground noise brought by
other circuits, the performance of the radar module may be degraded or even work
abnormally. The most common result is a closer detection range or an increased
false alarm rate.
In order to ensure the normal operation of the VCO circuit inside the module, the
power supply of the module is required to be +5V~+6V, and the voltage ripple is less
than or equal to 100mV.
The external power supply must provide sufficient current output capability and
transient response capability.

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