Lecture 16 - Pavement Management Systems

Overview of Pavement
Management System
Dr E Fungo
University of Dar es Salaam
Historical background
2
 The boom of road construction in 1950s and
1960s
 Capability to quickly and easily process data
and solve relatively complex problems
through computer development
 Simple procedures or experience that had
worked previously was no longer able to
manage the road network
 Among others, these push the development
of pavement management system (PMS),
and thus its popularity
 As investment becomes larger there needs to
manage it properly
3 Pavement management
 Pavement management encompasses

All the activities involved in the planning;
design, construction, maintenance, and
rehabilitation of the pavement.
4 Pavement Management
System
 A pavement management system (PMS) is a set of tools
or methods that assist decision-makers in finding
optimum strategies for providing and maintaining
pavements in a serviceable condition over a given
period of time.
 A coordinated set of activities, all directed toward
achieving the best value possible for the available
public funds in providing and operating smooth, safe,
and economical pavements.
PURPOSE OF A PMS
5
A PMS is designed to provide objective

information and useful data for
analysis so that Road Network
Managers can make more consistent,
cost-effective, and defensible
decision related to the preservation of
a pavement network.
Components of PMS
6
PMS Data (collection):

Inventory:
physical pavement features such as
number of lanes, length, surface type,
width, functional class, shoulder etc.
History:
project dates, type of construction,
rehabilitation, maintenance etc.,
Condition Survey:
roughness, distress etc.
7 Components of PMS
PMS Data (collection) cont..

 Traffic:
volume, vehicle types, axle loads,
etc.
 Database:
compilation of data files used in
PMS
Components of PMS
8
Analysis: algorithms used to interpret
data in meaningful ways.
Conditional analysis
Serviceability rating
Performance analysis
Performance prediction,
estimate the remaining life
9 Components of PMS
Analysis cont…
Investment analysis
Estimate project and network level
investment strategy
Economic analysis, budgeting and
programming
 Consider life cycle cost evaluation
Engineering analysis
Evaluation of design, construction,
materials, maintenance etc.
10 Components of PMS
Feedback
Evaluation and updating of procedures
and calibration of relationships using
PMS performance and current
engineering criteria.
11 Network and Project level
PMS
 Two major levels of pavement management decisions
should be included in a PMS; network and project.
12
Network Level
Pavement
Management System
13 NETWORK LEVEL PMS
 The network level deals with the pavement network as

a whole
 Concerns high-level decisions relating to network-
wide planning, policy and budget.
 Compare benefits and costs for several alternative
programs and then identify the program/budget that
will have the greatest network benefit/cost ratio over
the analysis period.
NETWORK LEVEL PMS
14
Requirement to meet objectives
1. Information on the condition of
the network
2. Establishment of MR & R policies
3. Estimation of Budget
requirements
4. Determination of Network
priorities
15 Information on the condition
of the network
 Qualitative
 Very good
 Good
 Fair
 Poor
 Quantitative
 Numerical values/index
2. Establishment of MR & R Policies
16
Matrix
 Match distresses with appropriate MR&R treatments
Decision tree
Include variable such as distress, traffic and
functional class in selecting MR&R
Life-cycle costing analysis
Selected MR&R based on least life cycle cost of
MR&R strategy
Optimisation
Identify functional objectives (max user
benefit or performance standard), constrains,
decision variables
17 3. Budget requirements
 Provide an estimate of budget required to preserve

the network at prescribed level of performance
4. Determination of Priorities
18
 Matrix
 Priority based on factors such as condition and traffic
 Benefit-cost ratio
 Priority based on projects that yield highest benefit cost
ratio
 Condition index
 Priority based on score(0-100)and factors such as road class,
traffic etc.
 Cost effectiveness
Maximize performance(serviceability) as a function
of cost- priority to highest performance per unit cost
 Maximising benefits
E.g. maximize combined benefit-cost ratio for a
given budget.
19
Project Level
Pavement
Management System
20 Project level PMS
 The project level deals with smaller constituent sections within
the network and is generally concerned with lower-level
decisions relating to condition; maintenance, reconstruction
and rehabilitation (MR&R) assignment; and unit costs.
 This is after establishment of MR&R program from network level
 E.g. Detailed consideration is given to alternative design,
construction, maintenance and rehabilitation activities for
specific projects.
 This might be accomplished by comparing benefit-cost ratios
of several design alternatives
 Pick alternative that provide the desired benefits for the least
total cost over the projected life of the project
21 Project Level PMS
Data collection-once-off, frequently
Inventory
Traffic
Pavement condition
Ride quality or Roughness
Physical/surface distress
Structural capacity
Safety-skid resistance, accident data
History
Framework for PMS
22
Asset
Inventory
Analysis
Central
Database Modules
Location/
Pavement
Referencing
Systems
Report Modules
Graphics - Summaries -
Map Links
23 PMS Modules
 Typical modules includes

 Database which contains, as a minimum, the data
required for PMS analysis;
 Analysis methods to generate products useful for
decision-making; and,
 Feedback process which uses on-going field
observations to improve the reliability of PMS analysis.
24
DATABASE
25
Database is the building block of PMS

Major categories of Inputs data:
1. Inventory
2. Information relative to pavement condition
3. Construction, maintenance and rehabilitation
history
4. Traffic data
5. Cost data
6. Geometric design (optional)
7. Accident by location (optional)
DATABASE cont…
26
Database Reports
Deficiency reports
Identify pavement segments with a given
type of distress
Performance Histories
Display the variation of a given type of
distress as a function of age and traffic
Pavement Inventory
by type and area
ANALYSIS METHODS
27
Analysis method broadly dived into

three main categories
Pavement condition analyses(Bottom-
top)
Priority assessment models(bottom-top)
Network optimisation models(top-
down)
Pavement Condition Analysis (PCA)
28
This method combines the pavement

condition data for individual distress types
into a score or index representing the overall
pavement condition. (scale 0-100)
Requires weighting factors for different
combinations of severity and extent of each
distress
Pavement MR&R projects are then selected
by priority based on a network-level budget
29
PCA Applications
1. Simple way of communicating the

condition of the system to upper
management, planners and legislators.
2. Used as one factor or the only factor in a
priority rating scheme
3. Used as a technique for estimating
average costs to maintain, rehabilitate or
reconstruct a candidate project
30
Outputs of this Module:

1. Ranking of all pavement segments
according to distress and condition scores
as function of traffic or road class
2. Identification of MR & R strategies which
define the criteria for assigning a particular
action to a pavement segment
3. Estimates of funding needs for the selected
treatments
Priority Assessment Models
31
Optimal MR & R strategies for individual

projects are determined based on life cycle
costs.
Projects are then prioritised at a network
level using any agreed method such as cost-
benefit analysis, cost effectiveness etc.
32
The project-level analysis includes models to

predict pavement conditions as a function
of such variables as age, present pavement
condition, traffic, environment, performance
history, and the treatment selected
33
Output:
 A prioritised list of projects requiring MR & R.
 Costs for MR & R treatments
 Estimate of funding needs in order to achieve specified
standards
 Single year and multi-year programmes
Optimisation Models
34
Optimization models provide the capability for

a simultaneous evaluation of an entire
pavement network
The objective is to identifies the network MR & R

strategies which maximises the total network
benefits or minimises the total network costs
subject to network-level constraints such as
available budget and performance standards
Optimisation Models
35
This is a “top down” approach in which optimal

network strategies are first determined and
specific treatments for individual projects are
then identified considering site-specific
conditions and administrative policies
For example, given a fixed network budget,
should extensive and often expensive,
treatments be applied on a smaller portion of
the network, or should moderate, less expensive
treatments be applied on a larger portion of the
network?
FEEDEBACK PROCESS
36
 Pavement management systems, similar to any other engineering

tool, must be reliable in order to be credible. The feedback process is
crucial to verify and improve the reliability of a PMS.
 The measures of PMS reliability includes:
 Actual costs vs. costs used in the PMS analysis
 Field observation of condition vs. those predicted by PMS
 Actual performance standards achieved vs. those specified in the PMS
analysis
 Actual projects rehabilitated vs. those recommended by the PMS
 If significant discrepancies are found between actual data and PMS
projections, relevant PMS models and parameters should be revised
appropriately

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Overview of Pavement

 Pavement management encompasses

A PMS is designed to provide objective

PMS Data (collection):

PMS Data (collection) cont..

 The network level deals with the pavement network as

 Provide an estimate of budget required to preserve

 Typical modules includes

Database is the building block of PMS

Analysis method broadly dived into

This method combines the pavement

1. Simple way of communicating the

Outputs of this Module:

Optimal MR & R strategies for individual

The project-level analysis includes models to

Optimization models provide the capability for

The objective is to identifies the network MR & R

This is a “top down” approach in which optimal

 Pavement management systems, similar to any other engineering

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