NCERT Exemplar Class 9 Maths: Chapter-9

NCERT Exemplar Class 9 Maths
CHAPTER- 9
AREAS OF PARALLELOGRAMS AND TRIANGLES
(A) Main Concepts and Results
The area of a closed plane figure is the measure of the

region inside the figure:
The shaded parts (Fig.9.1) represent the regions whose

areas may be determined by means of simple
geometrical results. The square unit is the standard
unit used in measuring the area of such figures.
• If D ABC @ D PQR, then ar (D ABC) = arc (D PQR)
1
Total area R of the plane figure ABCD is the sum of the

areas of two triangular regions R1 and R2, that is, ar
(R) = ar (R1) + arc (R2)
• Two congruent figures have equal areas but the

converse is not always true,
• A diagonal of a parallelogram divides the

parallelogram in two triangles of equal
area,
• (i) Parallelograms on the same base and between the

same parallels are equal
in area
(ii) A parallelogram and a rectangle on the same base

and between the same
parallels are equal in area.
• Parallelograms on equal bases and between the same

parallels are equal in area,
• Triangles on the same base and between the same

parallels are equal in area,
2
• Triangles with equal bases and equal areas have

equal corresponding altitudes,
• The area of a triangle is equal to one-half of the area

of a rectangle/parallelogram
of the same base and between same parallels,
• If a triangle and a parallelogram are on the same

base and between the same
parallels, the area of the triangle is equal to one-half

area of the parallelogram.
EXERCISE 9.1
Write the correct answer in each of the following :
1. The median of a triangle divides it into two
(A) triangles of equal area
(B) congruent triangles
(C) right triangles
(D) isosceles triangles
Solution-
3
(A) triangle of equal area.
2. In which of the following figures (Fig. 9.3), you find

two polygons on the same base and between the same
parallels?
Solution-
(D)
!QRSB,!QRAP
3. The figure obtained by joining the mid-points of the

adjacent sides of a rectangle of sides 8 cm and 6 cm is
:
4
(A) a rectangle of area 24 cm2
(B) a square of area 25 cm2
(C) a trapezium of area 24 cm2
(D) a rhombus of area 24 cm2
Solution-
Rhombus of area = 24 cm2 (D)
4. In Fig. 9.4, the area of parallelogram ABCD is :
(A) AB × BM
(B) BC × BN
(C) DC × DL
(D) AD × DL
5
Solution-
DC ´ DL (C)
5. In Fig. 9.5, if parallelogram ABCD and rectangle

ABEF are of equal area, then :
(A) Perimeter of ABCD = Perimeter of ABEM
(B) Perimeter of ABCD < Perimeter of ABEM
(C) Perimeter of ABCD > Perimeter of ABEM
(D) Perimeter of ABCD = 1 (Perimeter of ABEM)

2
Solution-
Perimeter ABCD > Perimeter ABEM (C)
6
6. The mid-point of the sides of a triangle along with

any of the vertices as the fourth point make a
1 1
parallelogram of area equal to (A) ar (ABC) (B) ar
2 3
(ABC)
1
(C) ar (ABC) (D) ar (ABC)
4
Solution-
1
ar (ABC) (A)
2
7. Two parallelograms are on equal bases and between

the same parallels. The ratio of their areas is
(A) 1 : 2 (B) 1 : 1 (C) 2 : 1 (D) 3 : 1
Solution-
1:1 (B)
7
8. ABCD is a quadrilateral whose diagonal AC divides it

into two parts, equal in area, then ABCD
(A) is a rectangle (B) is always a rhombus
(C) is a parallelogram
(D) need not be any of (A), (B) or (C)
Solution-
(D) it may be a kite, in which one diagonal divides it

into two triangles equal in area.
9. If a triangle and a parallelogram are on the same

base and between same parallels, then the ratio of the
area of the triangle to the area of parallelogram is
(A) 1 : 3 (B) 1 : 2 (C) 3 : 1 (D) 1 : 4
Solution-
8
1:2 (B)
10. ABCD is a trapezium with parallel sides AB = a cm

and DC = b cm (Fig. 9.6). E and F are the mid-points
of the non-parallel sides. The ratio of ar (ABFE) and ar
(EFCD) is
(A) a : b
(B) (3a + b) : (a + 3b)
(C) (a + 3b) : (3a + b)
(D) (2a + b) : (3a + b)
Solution-
(B) (3a+b) : (a+3b)
9
E F Joins midpoints of legs of a trap.
EF ! AB ! DC
1
EF = (a + b)
2
ÐDEF = ÐEAB ( corres Ðs)
In DDPE and DEQA

Ð1=Ð2=900
ÐDEF = ÐEAB
DE = EA
\DDPE @ DEQA by A AS
EXERCISE 9.2
Write True or False and justify your answer :
1. ABCD is a parallelogram and X is the mid-point of

AB. If ar (AXCD) = 24 cm2,
then ar (ABC) = 24 cm2.
10
2. PQRS is a rectangle inscribed in a quadrant of a

circle of radius 13 cm. A is any point on PQ. If PS = 5
cm, then ar (PAS) = 30 cm2.
3. PQRS is a parallelogram whose area is 180 cm2 and

A is any point on the diagonal QS. The area of D ASR =
90 cm2.
4. ABC and BDE are two equilateral triangles such that
D is the mid-point of BC. Then ar (BDE) = 1 ar ( ABC).

4
5. In Fig. 9.8, ABCD and EFGD are two parallelograms

1
and G is the mid-point of CD. Then ar (DPC) = ar (
2
EFGD).
EXERCISE 9.3
11
1. In Fig.9.11, PSDA is a parallelogram. Points Q and R

are taken on PS such that
PQ = QR = RS and PA || QB || RC. Prove that ar (PQE)

= ar (CFD).
2. X and Y are points on the side LN of the triangle LMN

such that LX = XY = YN. Through X, a line is drawn
parallel to LM to meet MN at Z (See Fig. 9.12). Prove
that ar (LZY) = ar (MZYX)
3. The area of the parallelogram ABCD is 90 cm2 (see

Fig.9.13). Find
12
(i) ar (ABEF)
(ii) ar (ABD)
(iii) ar (BEF)
4. In D ABC, D is the mid-point of AB and P is any point

on BC. If CQ || PD meets AB in Q (Fig. 9.14), then
prove that ar (BPQ) = 1 ar (ABC).

2
5. ABCD is a square. E and F are respectively the

midpoints of BC and CD. If R is the mid-point of EF
(Fig. 9.15), prove that ar (AER) = ar (AFR)
13
6. O is any point on the diagonal PR of a parallelogram

PQRS (Fig. 9.16). Prove that ar (PSO) = ar (PQO).
7. ABCD is a parallelogram in which BC is produced to

E such that CE = BC (Fig. 9.17). AE intersects CD at F.
If ar (DFB) = 3 cm2, find the area of the parallelogram

ABCD.
14
8. In trapezium ABCD, AB || DC and L is the mid-point

of BC. Through L, a line PQ || AD has been drawn
which meets AB in P and DC produced in Q (Fig. 9.18).
Prove that ar (ABCD) = ar (APQD)
9. If the mid-points of the sides of a quadrilateral are

joined in order, prove that the area of the
parallelogram so formed will be half of the area of the
given quadrilateral (Fig. 9.19).
15
[Hint: Join BD and draw perpendicular from A on BD.]
EXERCISE 9.4
1. A point E is taken on the side BC of a parallelogram

ABCD. AE and DC are produced to meet at F. Prove
that ar (ADF) = ar (ABFC)
2. The diagonals of a parallelogram ABCD intersect at a

point O. Through O, a line is drawn to intersect AD at P
and BC at Q. Show that PQ divides the parallelogram
into two parts of equal area.
3. The medians BE and CF of a triangle ABC intersect at

G. Prove that the
area of D GBC = area of the quadrilateral AFGE.
4. In Fig. 9.24, CD || AE and CY || BA. Prove that ar

(CBX) = ar (AXY)
16
5. ABCD is a trapezium in which AB || DC, DC = 30 cm

and AB = 50 cm. If X and Y are, respectively the mid-
7
points of AD and BC, prove that ar (DCYX) = ar
9
(XYBA)
6. In D ABC, if L and M are the points on AB and AC,

respectively such that LM || BC. Prove that ar (LOB) =
ar (MOC)
7. In Fig. 9.25, ABCDE is any pentagon. BP drawn

parallel to AC meets DC produced at P and EQ drawn
parallel to AD meets CD produced at Q. Prove that ar
(ABCDE) = ar (APQ)
17
8. If the medians of a D ABC intersect at G, show that

1
ar (AGB) = ar (AGC) = ar (BGC) = ar (ABC)
3
9. In Fig. 9.26, X and Y are the mid-points of AC and

AB respectively, QP || BC and CYQ and BXP are
straight lines. Prove that ar (ABP) = ar (ACQ).
10. In Fig. 9.27, ABCD and AEFD are two

parallelograms. Prove that ar (PEA) = ar (QFD) [Hint:
Join PD].
18

NCERT Exemplar Class 9 Maths: Chapter-9

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NCERT Exemplar Class 9 Maths: Chapter-9

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NCERT Exemplar Class 9 Maths

AREAS OF PARALLELOGRAMS AND TRIANGLES

(A) Main Concepts and Results

The area of a closed plane figure is the measure of the

The shaded parts (Fig.9.1) represent the regions whose

• If D ABC @ D PQR, then ar (D ABC) = arc (D PQR)

Total area R of the plane figure ABCD is the sum of the

• Two congruent figures have equal areas but the

• A diagonal of a parallelogram divides the

• (i) Parallelograms on the same base and between the

(ii) A parallelogram and a rectangle on the same base

parallels are equal in area.

• Parallelograms on equal bases and between the same

• Triangles on the same base and between the same

• Triangles with equal bases and equal areas have

• The area of a triangle is equal to one-half of the area

of the same base and between same parallels,

• If a triangle and a parallelogram are on the same

parallels, the area of the triangle is equal to one-half

Write the correct answer in each of the following :

1. The median of a triangle divides it into two

(A) triangles of equal area

(B) congruent triangles

(C) right triangles

(D) isosceles triangles

(A) triangle of equal area.

2. In which of the following figures (Fig. 9.3), you find

3. The figure obtained by joining the mid-points of the

(A) a rectangle of area 24 cm2

(B) a square of area 25 cm2

(C) a trapezium of area 24 cm2

(D) a rhombus of area 24 cm2

Rhombus of area = 24 cm2 (D)

4. In Fig. 9.4, the area of parallelogram ABCD is :

5. In Fig. 9.5, if parallelogram ABCD and rectangle

(A) Perimeter of ABCD = Perimeter of ABEM

(B) Perimeter of ABCD < Perimeter of ABEM

(C) Perimeter of ABCD > Perimeter of ABEM

(D) Perimeter of ABCD = 1 (Perimeter of ABEM)

Perimeter ABCD > Perimeter ABEM (C)

6. The mid-point of the sides of a triangle along with

7. Two parallelograms are on equal bases and between

(A) 1 : 2 (B) 1 : 1 (C) 2 : 1 (D) 3 : 1

8. ABCD is a quadrilateral whose diagonal AC divides it

(A) is a rectangle (B) is always a rhombus

(D) need not be any of (A), (B) or (C)

(D) it may be a kite, in which one diagonal divides it

9. If a triangle and a parallelogram are on the same

(A) 1 : 3 (B) 1 : 2 (C) 3 : 1 (D) 1 : 4

10. ABCD is a trapezium with parallel sides AB = a cm

(B) (3a + b) : (a + 3b)

(C) (a + 3b) : (3a + b)

(D) (2a + b) : (3a + b)

(B) (3a+b) : (a+3b)

E F Joins midpoints of legs of a trap.

In DDPE and DEQA

Write True or False and justify your answer :

1. ABCD is a parallelogram and X is the mid-point of

then ar (ABC) = 24 cm2.

2. PQRS is a rectangle inscribed in a quadrant of a

3. PQRS is a parallelogram whose area is 180 cm2 and

4. ABC and BDE are two equilateral triangles such that

D is the mid-point of BC. Then ar (BDE) = 1 ar ( ABC).

5. In Fig. 9.8, ABCD and EFGD are two parallelograms

1. In Fig.9.11, PSDA is a parallelogram. Points Q and R

PQ = QR = RS and PA || QB || RC. Prove that ar (PQE)

2. X and Y are points on the side LN of the triangle LMN

3. The area of the parallelogram ABCD is 90 cm2 (see

4. In D ABC, D is the mid-point of AB and P is any point

prove that ar (BPQ) = 1 ar (ABC).

5. ABCD is a square. E and F are respectively the

6. O is any point on the diagonal PR of a parallelogram

7. ABCD is a parallelogram in which BC is produced to

If ar (DFB) = 3 cm2, find the area of the parallelogram

8. In trapezium ABCD, AB || DC and L is the mid-point

9. If the mid-points of the sides of a quadrilateral are