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    Eduqas Comp 2 7 The - Brain - e

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    Eduqas Comp 2 7 The - Brain - e

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    Nonu
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    eduqas-comp-2-7-the_brain_e

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    6 views1 page

    Eduqas Comp 2 7 The - Brain - e

    Uploaded by

    Nonu

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 1

    Component 2: A Level Biology

    Option C: The Brain 1

    There are three main regions of the brain: the Functions Organisation of the nervous system
    forebrain, midbrain and hindbrain.
    Controls heart rate, ventilation and blood
    The brain is surrounded by three membranes, the Medulla
    pressure, contains important centres of the
    meninges (when these are inflamed it is called oblongata
    autonomic nervous system (ANS).
    meningitis).
    Maintenance of posture and co-ordination of
    Ventricles are spaces filled with cerebrospinal Cerebellum
    voluntary muscular activity.
    fluid that supply the neurones with oxygen and
    glucose. Voluntary behaviour, learning, reasoning,
    Cerebrum
    personality and memory.
    Regulation of body temperature, blood solute
    concentration, thirst, hunger and sleep. It is the
    Hypothalamus main controlling region of the ANS and links the
    brain and endocrine systems via the pituitary
    gland. The sympathetic system is ‘fight or flight’, has
    an excitatory effect. It uses noradrenaline as a
    A relay centre sending information to and from
    Thalamus neurotransmitter.
    the cerebral cortex.
    Interacts with other areas of the cortex, involved The parasympathetic is ‘rest and digest’ and
    Hippocampus with learning, reasoning, personality and has an inhibitory effect on the body. It uses
    consolidating memories into a permanent store. acetylcholine as a neurotransmitter.

    Forebrain – cerebrum, thalamus, hypothalamus.


    The two branches of the ANS work
    Midbrain – nerve fibres connecting hind and
    antagonistically to maintain appropriate
    forebrains.
    levels of activity, e.g. heart rate speeds
    Hindbrain – medulla oblongata and cerebellum. up or slows down depending on the
    level of activity undertaken.

    The hypothalamus and thalamus connect with other areas of the brain, including the
    hippocampus. This forms the limbic system, which is involved in emotion, learning and memory.

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