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LEXICAL PROBLEMS IN TRANSLATION
GROUP 5
1. Tesalonichole R.P Lingu (2301020036)

2. Filippo L.Y. Latuperissa (2301020125)
3. Aryo P.R.Malelak (2301020049)
4. Sharon Quinsahany Frans (2301020054)
5. Helven Novelix Ully (2301020043)
6. Novreendlly R.A.P Ufi (2301020047)
7. Monica Zefanya Manuk (2301020044)
ENGLISH STUDY PROGRAM

FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
UNIVERSITY OF NUSA CENDANA
KUPANG
2024
1.1 Introduction
For some people who are studying English as a second language, translation is a difficult
task. The composition and structure are presented in Indonesian will be different when
translated into English. Therefore, we need the ability to translate the words or sentences into
good one. In fact, good translation not only needs grammar, but we also need many
vocabularies and cultural understanding of the target language from the source
language. When someone does translation, it means translating the meaning of
words and phrases used in the source language in the target language. Because there
are theories regarding information rules for them to do the translation that have a good
quality, people who conduct translation cannot do what they want.
Shanty (2017) said that the vocabulary problem is the most crucial problems in the
translation process, which consists of single words and bextensive vocabulary; the syntactic
problem of omitting noun phrases, and a cultural problem consisting of socio-
culturalspecific words or phrases or proverbs.
2.1 Definitions
2.1.1 Definition of Lexical Meanings
The meanings associated with morphemes and words are called lexical meanings
(Chaer, 2012: 45). Lexical meanings are actual meanings, meanings that are in
accordance with the results of our sensory observations, or meaning as they are, while
contextual meanings are the meanings of a lexeme or words that are in one context.
(Chaer, 2012: 289-290). Lexical meaning is the meaning of a word, without paying
attention to the way that it is used or to the words that occur with it. For example, the
structural meaning of protection refers to an object, while its lexical meaning refers to a
process. Lexical words include nouns, verbs, and adjectives.
2.1.2 Definition of Problem
A problem is generally considered to be a task, a situation, or person which is

difficult to deal with or control due to complexity and intransparency. In everyday
language, a problem is a question proposed for solution, a matter stated for examination
or proof.
2.1.3 Definition of Lexical Problems in Translation
Combining the definition of Lexical Meanings and problem, it can be concluded

that Lexical Problems is entirely related to issues that arise from the use of words.
Lexical problems in translation refer to difficulties that arise when translating words or
phrases from one language to another due to differences in vocabulary, idiomatic
expressions, and cultural nuances. These problems can include issues such as finding
equivalent words with the same meaning, dealing with words that have multiple
meanings, and handling cultural-specific terms or expressions that don't have direct
equivalents in the target language. These factors cause misunderstandings or
misconceptions between the TL speaker and the translator.
2.2 Contents
2.2.1 Different Noun Translation
In English, some nouns simply don’t have direct meaning in another language.
Translation process requires direct context comprehension of the TL in order to gain
maximal understanding. This difference usually occur because the SL or TL have limited
vocabulary. As an example, wine (anggur in Indonesian), which should be translated as
the drink form of grape, but can also be misunderstood as anggur (in form of fruit), and
rice that has three meanings in Bahasa Indonesia (padi, beras, and nasi).
Noun translation differences can also be crucial because of cultural differences,

including social norms, beliefs, values, and attitudes. As an example, when saying
“Menara Songket merupakan sebuah menara padang yang menyajikan indahnya
panorama kawasan Saribu Rumah Gadang’’, the translation would only cover menara
padang as tower-building, and menyajikan as gives. The same problem occurs when a
translator is giving phrases with phenomenon which does not occur in the audience’s
place of origin. As another example, “White as snow” which is used to indicate that
something, or someone is clean, beautiful, or kindhearted should be hard to be understood
by people living in non-snowing countries and can better be replaced with “White as
cotton”.
2.2.2 Different Adjective Translation
Adjectives are used to complement and describe the nature of nouns in various
languages. In the translation process, not all adjectives from SL have the exact meaning
in TL, and vice versa. The use of proper adjectives and paraphrasing to find the closest
meaning of adjectives with limited meanings are considered effective in solving this
problem.
Some adjectives that lack exact meaning in some TL include : jazzy (resembling,
or in the style of jazz), jokey (not serious, teasing, or humourous), jilted ( suddenly reject
or abandon), or jayus (from Indonesian, meaning a joke so poorly told and so unfunny
that one cannot help but laugh).
However, there are some alternatives used to describe these hard-to-describe

words. These alternatives make it easier for other people to understand the context that is
being told or discussed in English and vice versa.
As an example if a translator wants to translate “the man is jokey”, they could say “dia
suka bercanda” which translates to “the man likes to joke” having a similar meaning to
the original adjective, and Jayus, that is often used in “apa sih, jayus banget!” can be
translated to “you’re joke is so unfunny!” clarifying that jayus is actually used to
describe the joke and not the person telling it.
2.2.3 Homonyms

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LEXICAL PROBLEMS IN TRANSLATION

1. Tesalonichole R.P Lingu (2301020036)

ENGLISH STUDY PROGRAM

2.1.1 Definition of Lexical Meanings

A problem is generally considered to be a task, a situation, or person which is

2.1.3 Definition of Lexical Problems in Translation

Combining the definition of Lexical Meanings and problem, it can be concluded

2.2.1 Different Noun Translation

Noun translation differences can also be crucial because of cultural differences,

2.2.2 Different Adjective Translation

However, there are some alternatives used to describe these hard-to-describe

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