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भारतीय मानक IS 14268 : 2022

Indian Standard

पूर््व प्रतिबलित कंक्रीट के लिए तनाव

रहित कम शिथिलन वाले अलेपित सात-तार
( प््ललाई ) के स्टट्ररैंड — विशिष्टि
( दसु रा पनु रीक्षण )

Uncoated Stress Relieved Low

Relaxation Seven-Wire (Ply) Strand
for Prestressed Concrete —
Specification
( Second Revision )

ICS 77.140.15; 91.080.40

© BIS 2022

भारतीय मानक ब््यरयू ो

B U R E A U O F I N D I A N S TA N D A R D S
मानक भवन, 9 बहादरु शाह ज़फर मार््ग, नई िदल््लली – 110002
MANAK BHAVAN, 9 BAHADUR SHAH ZAFAR MARG
NEW DELHI-110002
         www.bis.gov.in  
www.standardsbis.in

June 2022  Price Group 6

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Concrete Reinforcement Sectional Committee, CED 54

FOREWORD
This Indian Standard (Second Revision) was adopted by the Bureau of Indian Standards, after the draft finalized by
the Concrete Reinforcement Sectional Committee had been approved by the Civil Engineering Division Council.
This standard has been published to cover the requirements of low relaxation seven-ply strands for prestressed
concrete. These types of strands are capable of developing and retaining large concentrated prestressing forces.
The low relaxation property is achieved by a process called stabilizing. This is essentially a hot stretching process,
in which prestressing strand is subjected to a pre-determined tension during stress-relieving heat treatment. This
results in linear hardening of the steel which substantially increases the resistance to creep and thereby reduces
the relaxation losses.
The standard was first published in 1995 and subsequently revised in 2017. The first revision was taken up with a
view of incorporating modifications found necessary as a result of use of this standard both by the manufacturers
and the users. Time and again strand biting during tensile testing of strands were been reported on account of
using improper gripping arrangements. In order to ensure that the criticality of proper gripping of strand to get
correct test results is understood and applied by the industry, a need was felt for revision of the standard suggesting
various gripping procedures and methods for minimizing these difficulties. In the first revision of the standard,
following modifications were incorporated:
a) Method for measurement of length of lay of strand was incorporated,
b) Method for measurement of nominal diameter and difference in diameter of central wire and
surrounding wire of strand was incorporated,
c) Method for determining nominal cross-sectional area and nominal mass per unit length of strand was
incorporated,
d) 1.0 percent extension method for determining elongation was elaborated to provide more clarity,
e) Methods to be adopted for minimizing difficulties of premature failure of the test specimens while
conducting mechanical tests on strands were incorporated, and
f) Various methods of gripping test specimen for tensile testing of strands were suggested.
This revision of the standard has been taken up to update it so as to take into account current practice of
manufacturing and use. The following major modifications have been incorporated in this standard:
a) Compacted and indented strands have also been covered in addition to plain strands already covered
in the standard;
b) Requirement for wire rod to be used for drawing wires has been specified;
c) Nominal sizes have been aligned with international practices, taking care to include sizes close to
those already being manufactured in the country. Accordingly, sizes 6.4, 6.9, 7.0, 8.0, 8.6, 9.0, 9.3,
9.6, 11.0, 11.3, 12.5, 12.9, 13.0, 15.7 and 18.0 mm have been added, and 9.5 and 11.1 mm have been
deleted;
d) Strands of higher tensile strengths have been added, and therefore the existing classification of
strength grades as Class 1 (1 770 MPa) and Class 2 (1 860 MPa) has been deleted, however, these
tensile strengths have been retained;
e) Requirement for straightness of strand has been added; and
f) Requirement for behaviour of strand at the time of their cutting has been added.
In the formulation of this standard, due weightage has been given to international co-ordination among the
standards and practices prevailing in different countries in addition to relating it to the practices in the field in
this country. Assistance has been derived from the following International Standards in the formulation of this
standard:
ISO 6934-1 : 1991 Steel for the prestressing of concrete — Part 1: General requirements
ISO 6934-4 : 1991 Steel for the prestressing of concrete — Part 4: Strand

(Continued to third cover)

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IS 14268 : 2022

Indian Standard
UNCOATED STRESS RELIEVED LOW RELAXATION
SEVEN-WIRE (PLY) STRAND FOR PRESTRESSED
CONCRETE — SPECIFICATION
( Second Revision )

1 SCOPE IS No. Title

1.1 This standard covers the requirements for
manufacture, supply and testing of uncoated, stress 7904 : 2018 High carbon steel wire
relieved, low relaxation, seven-wire (ply) steel strands rods — Specification
for prestressed concrete. (second revision)
1.1.1 The following three types of strands are covered, 3 TERMINOLOGY
a) Plain;
For the purpose of this standard, the definitions given in
b) Indented; and IS 1956 (Part 1), IS 1956 (Part 2), IS 1956 (Part 3) and
c) Compacted. IS 1956 (Part 5) and the following shall apply.

2 REFERENCES 3.1 Breaking Load —The maximum load reached in a

tensile test of the strand.
The standards listed below contain provisions, which
through reference in this text constitute provisions of 3.2 Coil or Reel — One continuous length of strand in
this standard. At the time of publication, the editions the form of a coil or reel.
indicated were valid. All standards are subject to
revision, and parties to agreements based on this 3.3 Elongation — The increase in length of a tensile
standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility test piece under stress. In case of strands, the elongation
of applying the most recent editions of the standards is measured immediately prior to fracture of any of the
indicated below: component-wires and is expressed as the percentage of
the original gauge length of a strand test piece.
IS No. Title
3.4 Length of Lay — The distance (measured along a
straight line parallel to the strand) in which a wire forms
1387 : 1993 General requirements for one complete helix.
the supply of metallurgical
materials (second revision) 3.5 Parcel — Any quantity of finished strand presented
for examination and test at any one time.
1608 (Part 1) : 2018/ Metallic materials — Tensile
ISO 6892-1 : 2016 testing: Part 1 Method of 3.6 Production Length — The maximum length of
test at room temperature strand which can be manufactured, with or without welds,
(fourth revision) being made after drawing, in any of its component wire.
1956 Glossary of terms relating to 3.7 Proof Load — The load which produces a residual
iron and steel: strain of 0.2 percent of the original gauge length
(Part 1) : 1976 General metallurgy, heat (non-proportional elongation).
treatment and testing
3.8 Seven-Wire (Ply) Strand — Any length of finished
(first revision)
material which comprises six wires (plies) formed
(Part 2) : 2018 Steel making (second revision) together in helical form around a central wire.
(Part 3) : 2019 Long products (including
3.9 Indented Strand — Strand in which outer wires
bars, rods, sections and wires) carry indentations of uniform dimensions on two sides,
(second revision) at uniform length and with no two indentations exactly
(Part 5) : 1976 Bright steel bar and steel wire opposite to each other. Core wire does not have any
(first revision) indentation.

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IS 14268 : 2022

3.10 Compacted Strand — A seven wire strand with 4.3.3 During fabrication of the seven wire (ply) strand,
plain surface, which after stranding is compacted butt-welded joints may be made in the individual wires,
either by rolling or drawing through a die, before stress provided there is not more than one such joint in any
relieving. 45 m section of the completed strand.

4 MANUFACTURE 4.3.3.1 When specifically ordered as weldless grade,

a product free of welds shall be supplied. When this
4.1 Wire grade is specified, no welds or joints are permitted
except as detailed in 4.3.2.
4.1.1 The base metal shall be carbon steel of such
quality that when drawn to wire, fabricated into strand 4.4 Treatment of Strand
and then stress relieved, shall have the properties and
characteristics prescribed in this standard. 4.4.1 After stranding, all strands shall be subjected to
a continuous thermo-mechanical treatment to produce
4.1.2 The element wire to be used for strand shall be the prescribed mechanical properties.
cold-drawn from steel wire rods conforming to IS 7904.
4.4.2 Temper colours that may result from the thermal
4.1.3 The wire used in the manufacture of the strand shall operation are considered normal for the finished
be well and cleanly drawn to the specified dimensions appearance of this strand.
and shall be sound and free from splits, surface flaws,
piping and any other defect likely to impair its use in 4.4.3 After thermo-mechanical treatment, the strand
the manufacture of the strand and the performance of the shall be reformed into coils or wound onto reels, having
strand in prestressed concrete. core diameter of sufficient size and in any case not
less than 600 mm to ensure that the strand will lay out
4.1.4 In case of indented strand, the outer wires of the straight.
strand shall have oval type indentations with dimensions
as given in Table 1. 4.5 Workmanship and Finish
Indentation shall be two sided, with the indentations in The finished strand shall be uniform in diameter and
one row falling midway between two indentations in the shall be free from injuries, flaws and imperfections.
opposite row. Central core wire shall be plain. Slight rusting, provided it is not sufficient to cause
pits visible to the naked eye, shall not be a cause for
4.2 Strand rejection.
The seven-wire (plies) strand shall have a centre wire
5 NOMENCLATURE
atleast 1.5 percent greater in diameter than the surrounding
wires enclosed tightly by six helically placed outer wires The strand shall be designated on the basis of:
with a uniform length of lay of atleast 12 times but not a) Nominal diameter of the strand;
more than 16 times of the nominal diameter of the strand.
The wires in the strand shall be so formed that they shall b) Nominal tensile strength, that is, 1 670 MPa,
not fly out of position when the strand is cut without 1 860 MPa, etc, as given in Table 2; and
seizing.The length of lay of strand, nominal diameter c) Type of strand, that is, plain (P), indented (I) or
of seven-wire (ply) strand and percentage difference in compacted (C).
diameter of centre wire and surrounding wire of seven- For example, 12.7 mm indented strand with 1 860 MPa
wire (ply) strand shall be measured in accordance with tensile strength will be designated as 12.7-1860-I.
the method given in Annex A.
6 DIMENSION, TOLERANCE, UNIT WEIGHT
4.3 Joints AND PHYSICAL REQUIREMENTS
4.3.1 There shall be no strand joints or strand splices in
6.1 The nominal diameter, tolerance, nominal
any length of the completed strand unless specifically
cross-sectional area and mass per unit length of the
permitted by the purchaser.
strand shall be as given in Table 2.
4.3.2 During process of manufacture of individual
6.1.1 The nominal diameter of strand shall be measured
wires for stranding, welding is permitted only prior to
across the crown of the wires and in accordance with
or at the time of last heat treatment.
the method given in Annex A.

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IS 14268 : 2022

Table 1 Dimension of Oval Type Indentations

( Clause 4.1.4 )
Sl No. Nominal Strand Nominal Depth Tolerance on Depth Length of Indentation Spacing Between
Diameter Indentations
mm mm mm mm mm
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)
i) ≤ 12 0.06 ± 0.03 3.5 ± 0.5 5.5 ± 0.5
ii) > 12 0.07 ± 0.03 3.5 ± 0.5 5.5 ± 0.5

Table 2 Strand Dimensions and Physical Properties

( Clauses 5, 6.1, 6.2.2.1, 6.2.2.2 and 6.2.3 )
Sl No. Strand Diameter Tensile Cross- Mass Per Tolerance on Minimum Minimum
Designation Strength Sectional Metre Nominal Mass Breaking 0.2 Percent
Area Per Metre Load Proof Load
mm MPa mm2 g/m Percent kN kN
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9)
i) 15.2-1670-P 15.2 1 670 139 1 086 ±2 232 204
ii) 18.0-1670-P 18.0 1 770 223 1 742 ±2 379 334
iii) 6.9-1770-P 6.9 1 770 29 226.5 ±2 51.3 45.1
iv) 9.0-1770-P 9.0 1 770 50 390.5 ±2 88.5 77.9
v) 9.3-1770-P 9.3 1 770 52 406.1 ±2 92 81
vi) 9.6-1770-P 9.6 1 770 55 429.6 ±2 97.4 85.7
vii) 11.0-1770-P 11.0 1 770 70 546.7 ±2 124 109
viii) 12.5-1770-P 12.5 1 770 93 726.3 ±2 165 145
ix) 12.7-1770-P 12.7 1 770 100 781 ±2 177 156
x) 15.2-1770-P 15.2 1 770 139 1 086 ±2 246 216
xi) 15.7-1770-P 15.7 1 770 150 1 172 ±2 266 234
xii) 18.0-1770-P 18.0 1 770 200 1 562 ±2 354 312
xiii) 15.2-1860-C 15.2 1 820 165 1 289 ±2 300 264
xiv) 6.9-1860-P 6.9 1 860 29 226.5 ±2 53.9 47.4
xv) 7.0-1860-P 7.0 1 860 30 234.3 ±2 55.8 49.1
xvi) 8.0-1860-P 8.0 1 860 38 296.8 ±2 70.7 62.2
xvii) 9.0-1860-P 9.0 1 860 50 390.5 ±2 93 81.8
xviii) 9.3-1860-P 9.3 1 860 52 406.1 ±2 96.7 85.1
xix) 9.6-1860-P 9.6 1 860 55 429.6 ±2 102 89.8
xx) 11.0-1860-P 11.0 1 860 70 546.7 ±2 130 114
xxi) 11.3-1860-P 11.3 1 860 75 585.8 ±2 140 123
xxii) 12.5-1860-P 12.5 1 860 93 726.3 ±2 173 152
xxiii) 12.9-1860-P 12.9 1 860 100 781 ±2 186 164
xxiv) 13.0-1860-P 13.0 1 860 102 796.6 ±2 190 167
xxv) 15.2-1860-P 15.2 1 860 139 1 086 ±2 259 228
xxvi) 15.7-1860-P 15.7 1 860 150 1 172 ±2 279 246
xxvii) 12.7-1860-C 12.7 1 860 112 874.7 ±2 208 183
xxviii) 15.2-1860-C 15.2 1 860 165 1 289 ±2 307 270
xxix) 9.0-1960-P 9.0 1 960 50 390.5 ±2 98 87.2
xxx) 9.3-1960-P 9.3 1 960 52 406.1 ±2 102 90.8
xxxi) 9.6-1960-P 9.6 1 960 55 429.6 ±2 108 96.1

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IS 14268 : 2022

Table 2 ( Concluded )

Sl No. Strand Diameter Tensile Cross- Mass Per Tolerance on Minimum Minimum
Designation Strength Sectional Metre Nominal Mass Breaking 0.2 Percent
Area Per Metre Load Proof Load
mm MPa mm2 g/m Percent kN kN
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9)
xxxii) 11.0-1960-P 11.0 1 960 70 546.7 ±2 137 122
xxxiii) 11.3-1960-P 11.3 1 960 75 585.8 ±2 147 131
xxxiv) 12.5-1960-P 12.5 1 960 93 726.3 ±2 182 162
xxxv) 12.9-1960-P 12.9 1 960 100 781 ±2 196 174
xxxvi) 13.0-1960-P 13.0 1 960 102 796.6 ±2 200 178
xxxvii) 15.2-1960-P 15.2 1 960 139 1 086 ±2 272 242
xxxviii) 15.7-1960-P 15.7 1 960 150 1 172 ±2 294 262
xxxix) 6.4-2060-P 6.4 2 060 25 195.3 ±2 51.5 45.8
xl) 6.9-2060-P 6.9 2 060 29 226.5 ±2 58.1 51.7
xli) 7.0-2060-P 7.0 2 060 30 234.3 ±2 61.8 55
xlii) 8.6-2060-P 8.6 2 060 45 351.5 ±2 92.7 82.5
xliii) 11.3-2060-P 11.3 2 060 75 585.8 ±2 155 138
xliv) 12.5-2060-P 12.5 2 060 93 726.3 ±2 192 171
xlv) 12.9-2060-P 12.9 2 060 100 781 ±2 206 183
xlvi) 6.9-2160-P 6.9 2 160 29 226.5 ±2 60.9 54.2

NOTES
1 The modulus of elasticity may be taken as 195 GPa.
2 The nominal cross-sectional area and the nominal mass of strand are given for information only. The method for measuring nominal
cross-sectional area and the nominal mass per unit length of the strand is given in Annex B.

6.2 Physical and Mechanical Properties 6.2.1.1 Tests in which fracture of any of the wires occur
within a distance of 3 mm from the jaws of the machine
6.2.1 General shall be discarded, if the results do not comply with the
While conducting the tests for mechanical properties requirements of this standard. In such cases, the test
as specified in 6.2.2 to 6.2.4, premature failure of the shall be repeated.
test specimens may result if there is any appreciable
notching, cutting or bending of the specimen by the 6.2.2 Breaking Strength and 0.2 Percent Proof Load
gripping devices of the testing machine. Errors in 6.2.2.1 The breaking strength and 0.2 percent proof
testing may result, if all the wires constituting the load of the strand shall be determined in accordance
strand are not loaded uniformly. In order to minimize with IS 1608 (Part1) and shall be not less than the
these difficulties, the following should be adopted: values specified in Table 2.
a) Length of grip should be at least equal to one lay
length of the strand being tested, 6.2.2.2 Alternatively by mutual agreement between the
purchaser and the manufacturer, the load at 1.0 percent
b) Wedge and barrel type of grips should be avoided,
extension may be determined. In this test, an initial load
c) Grip jaws should be semi-circular with serrations equivalent to 10 percent of specified minimum breaking
for developing adequate grip and ensuring no strength shall be applied to the test piece and a sensitive
slippage. The above method of gripping along extensometer then attached. The dial of the latter shall
with other suggested methods has been described be adjusted to read 0.001 mm/mm of the gauge length
in Annex C, to represent the extension due to the initial load. The
d) Gripping force should be developed either load shall be increased until the extensometer shows
hydraulically or pneumatically, an extension corresponding to 1.0 percent. The load
e) Additional inserts may be used to prevent biting of at this extension shall not be less than the minimum
wire surface, and 0.2 percent proof load specified in Table 2. In case of
dispute, 0.2 percent proof load shall apply.
f) Load should be applied gradually.

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IS 14268 : 2022

6.2.3 Elongation Relaxation test for 1 000 h shall be a type approval

The total elongation under load shall not be less than test and shall be carried out at least once in a year
3.5 percent on a minimum gauge length of 600 mm. or whenever there is any change in the process of
The total elongation shall be measured by a suitable manufacture, for each type of strand.
extensometer which is attached to the test piece, after 6.2.4.2 If required, the manufacturer shall provide
an initial load equivalent to 10 percent of the required relaxation evidence from the manufacturer’s records
minimum breaking load as specified in Table 2 has of tests on similarly dimensioned strand of the same
been applied. grade.
The dial of the extensometer shall be adjusted to
read 0.001 mm/mm of the initial gauge length, Ԍ0 to 6.2.4.3 The temperature of the test piece shall be
represent the extension due to the initial load. The maintained at 20 ± 2 ºC.
load shall be increased until the extensometer shows 6.2.4.4 The test piece shall not be subjected to loading
an extension corresponding to 1.0 percent. The reading prior to the relaxation test.
on the measuring scale mounted on the machine shall
be noted as R1 or the gauge length between the jaws of 6.2.4.5 The initial load shall be applied uniformly
the machine shall be measured with a measuring tape over a period of not less than 3 min and not more than
as Ԍ1. 5 min and the gauge length shall be maintained
Following an extension of 1.0 percent, the extensometer constant. Load relaxation readings shall commence
should be removed. The loading shall be continued till 1 min after application of the total load.
at least any one wire of the strand breaks. Once the wire 6.2.4.6 Over-stressing of the test piece during the
breaks, the breaking load on the machine shall be noted loading operations shall not be permitted.
and the machine shall be stopped. The second reading
on the measuring scale shall be noted as R2 or the 6.2.4.7 The duration of the test shall be 1 000 h or a
gauge length at the time of breaking of wire between short-computed period of 100 h, extrapolated to 1 000 h,
two grips shall be measured as Ԍ2. The elongation which can be shown by records to provide similar
value is then determined by the movement between the relaxation values.
jaw gripping the test piece on the new base length of
jaw-to-jaw distance to which will be added the value of 6.2.4.8 The test gauge length should be atleast 40 times
1.0 percent determined by the extensometer. the nominal strand diameter.

 R  R1  6.3 Straightness of Strand

Elongation, in percent  1.0   2  100 
 G 0  The bow height ( hb ) which indicates the straightness
of the strand shall be determined by measuring in the
or plane of the bow the distance between the highest point
on the bow and the line joining the ends of a rule of
 G  G1 
Elongation, in percent  1.0   2  100  1 m long in contact with the prestressing steel lying
 G0  on a flat horizontal surface with a flatness tolerance of
1 mm/m (see Fig. 1). The maximum bow height shall
6.2.4 Relaxation Properties be not greater than 25 mm.
6.2.4.1 Low relaxation strand, when initially loaded to 6.4 Behaviour During Cutting
70 percent of specified minimum breaking strength of
When the finished strand is cut with a disc cutter, the
the strand, shall have relaxation losses of not more than
individual wires either shall not unravel or shall be
1.8 percent after 100 h and not more than 2.5 percent
capable of being repositioned without difficulty.
after 1 000 h when tested under the conditions given
in 6.2.4.2 to 6.2.4.8.

Fig. 1 Straightness of Strand

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IS 14268 : 2022

7 SAMPLING AND CRITERIA FOR 8.3 Manufacturer’s Certificate

CONFORMITY In the case of strands which have not been inspected
at the manufacturer’s work, the manufacturer
7.1 Selection of Test Samples
or supplier, as the case may be, shall supply the
Test samples of sufficient length to permit the tests for purchaser or his authorized representative with the
breaking load, 0.2 percent proof load and elongation certificate stating the process of manufacture and
shall be cut from one end of a coil selected at random also the test sheet signed by the manufacturer giving
from a group of every 5 numbers of coils; but sample the result of each mechanical test, 0.2 percent proof
size shall not be less than 2 from each lot. load and the chemical composition, if required. Each
test sheet shall indicate the number or identification
7.1.1 The test sample shall not be detached from the coil mark of the cast to which it applies, corresponding to
or length of strand, except in the presence of purchaser the number or identification mark to be found on the
or his authorized representative. material.
7.1.2 Before test samples are selected, the manufacturer
or supplier shall furnish the purchaser or his authorized 9 PACKING
representative with copies of the mill records giving
9.1 Unless otherwise agreed to between the purchaser
number of coils in each cast with sizes as well as
and the supplier the strands shall be supplied as
the identification marks, whereby each coil can be
indicated in 9.1.1 or 9.1.2.
identified.
9.1.1 Strand shall be supplied in reels or in
7.1.3 If required by the purchaser, 100 h relaxation test
reelless packs having a minimum core diameter of
shall be carried out on a sample from the lot.
600 mm. Lengths on reels or reelless packs shall be
7.2 Criteria for Conformity as per agreement between the manufacturer and the
purchaser.
7.2.1 Should any sample fail any of the tests, by
agreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser, 9.1.2 The coil shall be securely strapped to prevent
two additional test samples from the same end of the distortion of the coil in transit and unless otherwise
same coil shall be taken and subjected to the test or specified, the coil shall be protected against damage
tests in which the original sample failed. Should both in transit by wrapping with hessian.
additional samples pass the test or tests, the coil from
9.1.3 By mutual agreement between the purchaser
which they were taken shall be deemed to comply with
and the manufacturer, water soluble oil may be
the requirements of this standard. Should either of them
applied on strands.
fail, the coil shall be deemed not to comply.
7.3 Should 10 percent or more of the selected coils fail 10 MARKING
to fulfill the requirement of this standard, the parcel
10.1 Each reel or reel-less pack shall carry a label
from which they were taken shall be deemed not to
giving the following details:
comply with this standard.
a) Manufacturer’s name or trade mark or brand
8 DELIVERY, INSPECTION AND TESTING name;
FACILITIES b) Coil number; and
8.1 Unless otherwise specified, general requirements c) Nomenclature of the strand (see 5).
relating to the supply of material, inspection and testing 10.2 BIS Certification Marking
shall conform to IS 1387.
Each coil containing the strands conforming to
8.2 The purchaser or his authorized representative shall the requirements of this standard may be certified
be at liberty to inspect and verify the steel maker’s as per the conformity assessment schemes under
certificate of cast analysis at the premises of the the provisions of the Bureau of Indian Standards
manufacturer or supplier; when the purchaser requires Act, 2016 and the Rules and Regulations framed
an actual analysis of finished material, this shall be thereunder, and the coil containing the strands may
made at a place agreed to between the purchaser and be marked with the Standard Mark.
the manufacturer or the supplier.

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IS 14268 : 2022

ANNEX A
(Clauses 4.2 and 6.1.1)
MEASUREMENT OF LENGTH OF LAY, NOMINAL DIAMETER OF STRAND AND DIFFERENCE
IN DIAMETER OF CENTRE WIRE AND SURROUNDING WIRE OF STRAND

A-1 LENGTH OF LAY OF STRAND A-2 NOMINAL DIAMETER

The sample shall be kept horizontally on the table and a For measuring nominal diameter of seven-wire strand,
plain paper shall be put on the sample. A carbon paper the micrometer or vernier head shall be kept axially over
shall then be placed in a reverse manner on top of the the crown of outer wires so as to cover two surrounding
plain paper and rubbed gently on the sample with a wires and the centre wire and then the reading shall
round object. Impressions of wire will be seen on the be taken. Three such readings in three directions shall
paper in the form of slanted lines. A vertical line shall be taken. The average of those readings shall be the
be drawn at the starting end of any one marking/wire nominal diameter of seven-wire strand.
impression and another vertical line shall be drawn at
the end of consecutive sixth marking/wire impression. A-3 PERCENTAGE DIFFERENCE IN
The distance between two straight lines shall be DIAMETER OF CENTRE WIRE AND
measured. The procedure shall be repeated at three SURROUNDING WIRE
different places and three such readings shall be taken. The diameter of all the six surrounding wires and
The average of these three readings shall be the length the centre wire of the strand shall be measured.
of lay of the strand. The difference in diameter of centre wire and
surrounding/outer wire of the strand shall be calculated
as below:

Diameter of centre wire  Maximum outer wire diameter

Percentage difference   100
Maximum outer wire diameter

ANNEX B
( Table 2 )

MEASUREMENT OF NOMINAL CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA AND NOMINAL MASS PER UNIT

LENGTH OF STRAND

B-1 NOMINAL CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA B-2 NOMINAL MASS PER UNIT LENGTH OF
STRAND
The strand sample shall be unraveled to separate
individual wires. The diameter of individual wires, that A sample of 100 cm length shall be cut and its mass
is, six surrounding wires and one centre wire of the shall be measured, in kg. The length of the core wire
strand shall be measured and the cross-sectional area of in that sample shall then be measured, in metres. The
each wire shall then be computed. The sum of the areas nominal mass per unit length of a seven-wire strand,
of individual wires is the nominal cross-sectional area in kg/m shall be the ratio of the obtained mass of the
of the strand. sample to the measured length of the centre/core wire.

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ANNEX C
( Clause 6.2.1 )
SUGGESTED METHODS OF GRIPPING FOR TENSILE TESTING OF STRANDS

C-1 The true mechanical properties of the strand The type and thickness of material required is dependent
are determined by a test in which fracture of the on the shape, condition, and coarseness of the teeth.
specimen occurs in the free span between the jaws
of the testing machine. Therefore, it is desirable to C-1.4 Standard V-Grips with Serrated Teeth Using
establish a test procedure with suitable apparatus that Special Preparation of the Gripped Portions of the
consistently produces such results. Due to inherent Specimen
physical characteristics of individual machines, it is not The number of teeth and minimum effective gripping
practical to recommend a universal gripping procedure length should be as given in C-1.2. In this method,
that is suitable for all testing machines. Therefore, it some special preparation is done in the gripped portions
is necessary to determine which of the methods of of the specimen so as to minimize the notching and
gripping described below is most suitable for the testing cutting effect of the teeth. One of the methods used
equipment available. is tinning, in which the gripped portions are cleaned,
fluxed, and coated by multiple dips in molten tin alloy
C-1.1 Special Grips with Smooth, Semi-Cylindrical held just above the melting point. Another method
Grooves of preparation is encasing the gripped portions in
The radius of curvature of the grooves is approximately metal tubing or flexible conduit, using epoxy resin
the same as the radius of the strand being tested, and as the bonding agent. The encased portion should be
is located 0.8 mm above the flat face of the grip. This approximately twice the length of lay of the strand.
prevents the two grips from closing tightly when the
specimen is in place. The grooves and the gripped C-1.5 Standard Sockets of the Type Used for Wire
portions of the specimen are coated with an abrasive Rope
slurry which holds the specimen in the smooth grooves, The gripped portions of the specimen are anchored
preventing slippage. The slurry consists of abrasive, in the sockets with zinc. The special procedures for
such as Grade 3-F aluminium oxide and a carrier, such socketing usually employed in the wire rope industry
as water or glycerin. should be followed.
C-1.2 Standard V-Grips with Serrated Teeth C-1.6 Dead-End Eye Splices
The number of teeth should be approximately 6 to These devices are available in sizes designed to fit each
12 per centimetre and the minimum effective gripping size of strand to be tested.
length should be approximately 10 cm.
C-1.7 Chucking Devices
C-1.3 Standard V-Grips with Serrated Teeth Using Use of chucking devices of the type generally employed
Cushioning Material for applying tension to strands in casting beds is not
The number of teeth and minimum effective gripping recommended for testing purposes.
length should be as given in C-1.2. In this method, NOTE— If the molten-metal temperatures employed during
some material is placed between the grips and the hot-dip tinning or socketing with material are too high, over
specimen to minimize the notching effect of the teeth. approximately 370 °C, the specimen may be heat-affected with
Materials like lead foil, aluminium foil, carborundum a subsequent loss of strength and ductility. Careful temperature
cloth, emery cloth, etc are being used for this purpose. controls should be maintained if such methods of specimen
preparation as in C-1.4 and C-1.5 are used.

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IS 14268 : 2022

ANNEX D
( Foreword )

COMMITTEE COMPOSITION
Concrete Reinforcement Sectional Committee, CED 54

Organization Representative(s)

In Personal Capacity, New Delhi Shri G. Sharan (Chairman)

Central Public Works Department, New Delhi Shri D. K. Garg
Shri N. K. Bansal (Alternate)
Central Water Commission, New Delhi Director (HCD-NW & S)
Director (HCD-N & W) (Alternate)
Construction Industry Development Council, Shri Sunil Mahajan
New Delhi Shri O. P. Gupta (Alternate)
CSIR-Central Building Research Institute, Roorkee Dr S. R. Karade
Dr R. Siva Chidambaram (Alternate)
CSIR-Central Electrochemical Research Institute, Shri K. Saravanan
Karaikudi
CSIR-Central Road Research Institute, New Delhi Director
Shri S. S. Gaharwar (Alternate)
CSIR-Structural Engineering Research Centre, Dr B. H. Bharath Kumar
Chennai Ms Smitha Gopinath (Alternate)
Delhi Development Authority, New Delhi Chief Engineer (Design)
Suptdg Engineer (Design) II/CDO (Alternate)
Delhi Metro Rail Corporation, New Delhi Shri Navneet Kumar Kothari
Shri Sanjeev Kumar Garg (Alternate)
Delhi Tourism and Transportation Development Shri Shishir Bansal
Corporation Ltd, New Delhi
Dextra India Pvt Ltd, Mumbai Shri Sunil Desai
Shri Jitendra H. Pathak (Alternate)
Engineers India Limited, New Delhi Shri Rajanji Srivastava
Shri Deepak Agrawal (Alternate)
Gammon Engineers and Contractors Pvt Ltd, Mumbai Shri Anirwan Sengupta
Shri Girish Joshi (Alternate)
Hindustan Construction Company, Mumbai Shri Satish Kumar Sharma
Shri Mukesh Valecha (Alternate)
Housing and Urban Development Corporation Representative
Limited, New Delhi
Indian Association of Structural Engineers, Shri Hari Om Gupta
New Delhi Shri Manoj K. Mittal (Alternate)
Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi Dr Dipti Ranjan Sahoo
Prof B. Bhattacharjee (Alternate)
Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai Dr Radhakrishna G. Pillai
Dr Rupen Goswami (Alternate)
Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee Prof Pramod Kumar Gupta
Prof Akhil Upadhyay (Alternate)
Indian Stainless Steel Development Association, Shri Rohit Kumar
New Delhi Shri Jousline George (Alternate)

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Organization Representative(s)

Institute of Steel Development and Growth Dr Jayanta K. Saha

(INSDAG), Kolkata Shri Arijit Guha (Alternate)
IRCON Ltd, New Delhi Shri Rohit Khanna
Shri Nripendra Kumar Roy (Alternate)
Jindal Steel and Power Ltd, Gurugram Shri Ashwani Kumar
Shri Lakshmi Narasimhan (Alternate)
JSW Steel Ltd, Raigad Shri Pratap K. Patra
Larsen and Toubro Ltd (ECC Construction Division), Shri S. Kanappan
Chennai Shri Sthaladipti Saha (Alternate)
Military Engineer Services, Engineer-in-Chief’s Shri Saurabh Mathur
Branch, Integrated HQ of MOD (Army), New Shri Somesh Kumar (Alternate)
Delhi
Ministry of Road Transport & Highways, New Delhi Dr S. K. Verma
Dr Sanjay Wakchaure (Alternate)
Ministry of Steel (Govt of India), New Delhi Shri S. K. Bhatnager
Shri Anil Kumar Mishra (Alternate)
National Council for Cement and Building Materials, Shri Amit Trivedi
Ballabgarh Shri Brijesh Singh (Alternate I)
Shri Puneet Kaura (Alternate II)
National Highways and Infrastructure Development Representative
Corporation Ltd, New Delhi
National Highways Authority of India, New Delhi Shri R. K. Pandey
Shri S. K. Mishra (Alternate)
National Institute of Secondary Steel Technology, Shri Robin Kumar Bagchi
Mandi Gobindgarh Shri Vishva Bandhu Gupta (Alternate)
NBCC (India) Ltd, New Delhi Shri N. P. Aggarwal
Shri D. K. Mittal (Alternate)
NTPC Limited, Noida Shri S. Khadanga
Shri A. P. Srivastava (Alternate)
Nuclear Power Corporation India Limited, Mumbai Shri Y. T. Praveen chandra
Shri R. N. Sarangi (Alternate)
Outokumpu India Pvt Ltd, New Delhi Shri Yatinder Pal Singh Suri
Shri Purushothama Reddy (Alternate)
P. S. L. Limited, Mumbai Shri R. Radhakrishnan
Shri Kunal Patel (Alternate)
RashtriyaIspat Nigam Ltd, Visakhapatnam Shri C. H. Srinivasa Rao
Shri G. Raja Lingam (Alternate)
Research Design and Standards Organization, Shri Mahendra Pratap Singh
Ministry of Railways, Lucknow Shri Ashok Kumar Pandey (Alternate)
Steel Authority of India Limited-Bhilai Steel Plant, Shri U. K. Bhalla
Bhilai Shri Sanjay Kamra (Alternate)
Steel Authority of India Limited, Durgapur Steel Shri A. N. Banarjee
Plant, Durgapur Shri Abhijit Datta (Alternate)
Steel Authority of India Limited, R & D Centre for Dr Vinod Kumar
Iron & Steel, Ranchi Shri P. K. Maini (Alternate)
Steel Re-Rolling Mills Association of India, Kolkata Shri B. M. Beriwala
Shri Swapan Kumar Chakravorty (Alternate)

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Organization Representative(s)

STUP Consultants Pvt Limited, Mumbai Shri Amit Kumar Chakraborty

Shri Anirban Sengupta (Alternate)
Sunflag Iron and Steel Co Ltd, New Delhi Shri R. K. Malhotra
Shri Jagannathan Somu (Alternate)
Tata Steel Ltd, Jamshedpur Shri Biswajit Ghosh
Shri Tanmay Bhattacharyya (Alternate)
Tata Steel Global Wires, Mumbai Shri Shishir V. Desai
Shri Suresh Mahajan (Alternate)
In Personal Capacity, (CJ-331 Salt Lake City, Kolkata Dr Anil K. Kar
700091)
In Personal Capacity,(House No. 2103, Sector 7-D Shri Harish Kumar Julka
Faridabad 121006, Haryana)
BIS Directorate General Shri Sanjay Pant, Scientist ‘F’ and Head (Civil Engineering)
[ Representing Director General ( Ex-officio ) ]

Member Secretary
Shrimati Madhurima Madhav
Scientist ‘D’ (Civil Engineering), BIS

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(Continued from second cover)

Provisions in this standard are at variance with similar provisions in the above international standards, in view of:
a) Geographical factors which determine the earthquake zoning and consequently the structural design
considerations, structural design method/principles adopted, the design parameters and required
material properties;
b) Technological factors associated with the process of manufacture of the product, which influence the
product characteristics; and
c) Construction techniques and practices adopted in the country, the equipment used and the skill level
of construction workers which also influence the product characteristics.
The major deviations are:
a) The requirement for minimum diameter of central wire of strand is lower and strand construction is
different, in view of the prevailing manufacturing practices;
b) Nominal diameter of strand with applicable tolerance has been specified and nominal mass has been
given for information only;
c) 0.2 percent proof load has been specified in line with similar requirement in other steel reinforcement
standards; and
d) Requirements such as for crack and fatigue test have not been specified.
The composition of the Committee responsible for the formulation of this standard is given in Annex D.
For the purpose of deciding whether a particular requirement of this standard is complied with, the final
value, observed or calculated expressing the result of a test or analysis, shall be rounded off in accordance with
IS 2 : 2022 ‘Rules for rounding off numerical values (second revision)’. The number of significant places retained
in the rounded off value should be the same as that of the specified value in this standard.
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Bureau of Indian Standards

BIS is a statutory institution established under the Bureau of Indian Standards Act, 2016 to promote harmonious
development of the activities of standardization, marking and quality certification of goods and attending to
connected matters in the country.

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BIS has the copyright of all its publications. No part of these publications may be reproduced in any form without
the prior permission in writing of BIS. This does not preclude the free use, in the course of implementing the
standard, of necessary details, such as symbols and sizes, type or grade designations. Enquiries relating to
copyright be addressed to the Head (Publication & Sales), BIS.

Review of Indian Standards

Amendments are issued to standards as the need arises on the basis of comments. Standards are also reviewed
periodically; a standard along with amendments is reaffirmed when such review indicates that no changes are
needed; if the review indicates that changes are needed, it is taken up for revision. Users of Indian Standards
should ascertain that they are in possession of the latest amendments or edition by referring to the website-
www.bis.gov.in or www.standardsbis.in.
This Indian Standard has been developed from Doc No.: CED 54 (14912).

Amendments Issued Since Publication

Amend No. Date of Issue Text Affected

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