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    Series and Sequence

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    dagusclemlaurence

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Series and Sequence

    Uploaded by

    dagusclemlaurence
    3 views9 pages

    Original Title

    SERIES-AND-SEQUENCE

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    3 views9 pages

    Series and Sequence

    Uploaded by

    dagusclemlaurence

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 9

    CHAPTER 2

    SEQUENCE
    A string of numbers which follow a specific
    pattern and order.
    The individual elements are called terms.
    It is a function whose domain is the set of
    natural numbers.
    Natural numbers are the set of positive
    integers or set of counting numbers.
    SEQUENCE
    Finite Sequence
    A sequence that has a last term.
    Infinite Sequence
    A sequence which do not have a last
    term.
    SEQUENCE
    Example:
    1. Consider the sequence
    Consisting of all perfect squares. 1, 4, 9,16,25, …
    2. The sequence comprised of the
    even natural numbers less than 2, 4, 6, 8, 10
    or equal to 10.
    GENERAL TERM OF SEQUENCE

    𝒂𝟏 = 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑓𝑖𝑟𝑠𝑡 𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑠𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑒


    𝒂𝟐 = 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑑 𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑠𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑒
    𝒂𝒏 = 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑛𝑡ℎ 𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚
    = 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑔𝑒𝑛𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑙 𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑠𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑒
    EXAMPLE
    Write the first five terms of the sequence 𝟏
    2. 𝒂𝒏 =
    whose general term is given below. 𝒏

    1. 𝒂𝒏 = 𝟐𝒏 − 𝟏 Solution:
    𝟏 𝟏
    Solution: 𝒂𝟏 = = 𝟏 𝒂𝟐 =
    𝟏 𝟐
    𝟏 𝟏
    𝒂𝟏 = 𝟐 𝟏 −𝟏=𝟐−𝟏=𝟏 𝒂𝟑 = 𝒂𝟒 =
    𝟑 𝟒
    𝒂𝟐 = 𝟐 𝟐 −𝟏=𝟒−𝟏=𝟑 𝟏
    𝒂𝟑 = 𝟐 𝟑 −𝟏=𝟔−𝟏=𝟓 𝒂𝟓 =
    𝟓
    𝒂𝟒 = 𝟐 𝟒 −𝟏=𝟖−𝟏=𝟕
    𝟏 𝟏 𝟏 𝟏
    𝒂𝟓 = 𝟐 𝟓 − 𝟏 = 𝟏𝟎 − 𝟏 = 𝟗 Thus, the sequence is 𝟏, , , , .
    𝟐 𝟑 𝟒 𝟓
    Thus, the sequence is 𝟏, 𝟑, 𝟓, 𝟕, 𝟗
    SERIES
    It is the result when the If the sequence is infinite,
    terms of a sequence are the number that the
    added. (The sum of the terms sequence take is also infinite.
    of a sequence)
    This is expressed when we a. 𝟏𝟑 + 𝟐𝟑 + 𝟑𝟑 + ⋯ + 𝒏𝟑 + ⋯
    replace the commas of a b. 𝟏 + 𝟐 + 𝟑 + 𝟓 + 𝟖 + 𝟏𝟑 + 𝟐𝟏 + ⋯
    sequence by the addition
    symbol.
    SUMMATION NOTATION
    To illustrate the sum of the first 𝑛 terms or the 𝑛𝑡ℎ partial sum of a
    sequence, we can use the summation notation. This is represented
    by
    𝑛

    ෍ 𝑎𝑖 = 𝑎1 + 𝑎2 + 𝑎3 + ⋯ + 𝑎𝑛
    𝑖=1
    Where 𝒌 and 𝒑 are integers such that 𝑖 ≤ 𝑛. The number 𝑖 is the
    lower limit and 𝒏 is the upper limit.
    SUMMATION NOTATION
    Example: Solution 1:
    𝟔

    Write the following series ෍ 𝟒𝒊


    𝒊=𝟏

    using the sigma notation. Solution 2:


    𝟔

    1. 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24 ෍ 𝒊𝟐


    𝒊=𝟐

    2. 4 + 9 + 16 + 25 + 36 Solution 3:
    𝟓

    ෍ 𝟑𝒊
    3. 3 + 6 + 9 + 12 + 15 𝒊=𝟏

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