Shri Chhatrappati Shivaji Maharaj College

of
Engineering Nepti,
Ahmednagar

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER ENINEERING

MICRO PROJECT REPORT

ON
MANAGEMENT
FOR
2023-2024
Shri Chhatrappati Shivaji Maharaj College OF
Engeering,Nepti,Ahmednagar
1
 CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that,

Name of the Student,

Priya Jaware 2219530083

Sakshi Kale 2119530015
Vaishnavi Kothe 2119530016

have successfully completed the Project work entitled “Types of Business Ownerships” under my supervision, in the
partial fulfillment of the requirements for the TY Diploma in subject MGT and the report submitted to PROF.
CHITALE.S for academic year 2023-2024.

Date :
Place: Shri Chhatrappati Shivaji Maharaj College of Engineering Nepti, Ahmednagar

Prof. CHITALE.S. Prof. JAGTAP.V. DR.Y.R.KHARDE

PROJECT GUIDE HOD PRINCIPAL

2
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

It is a matter of great pleasure for me that I have been elected to work on this project
to prove my knowledge and abilities. This project not only enhanced my knowledge
in this field but also increased my general awareness.
The completion of any project is always due to the effort from numerous people, so
no project would be considered complete without words of appreciation for all those
who contributed to the project.
In completing this project, I have been fortunate to have help, support and
encouragement from many people. I would like to acknowledge them for their co-
operation. First, I would like to thank my internal project guide PROF. CHITALE.S
Mam, for her constant motivation and valuable help through the project work and her
instructions has served as the major contributor towards the completion of the
project. I also extend my thanks to other Faculties for their Co-operation during my
Course. I express my deep thanks to PROF.JAGTAP.V.(HOD) for warm hospitality
and affection extended towards me.
Last but not least I would also like to thank my Senior, classmates who help me to
complete this work successfully

3
4
 Index

Sr. No. Content Page No.

1. Annexure I 8-10

2. Micro Project Proposal 8-10

3. Annexure II 11-20

4. Rationale 11

5. Aims/Benefits of the Micro Project 11

6. Course Outcome achieved 11

7. Literature Review 11

8. Actual Methodology Followed 12

9. Actual Resources Used 12

10. Output of the Micro Projects 13-20

11. Skill Developed / Learning outcome of the Micro 20

Project

12. Applications of the Micro Project 20

13. Assessment of Micro Project (Annexure –III) 21-22

14. Micro Project Evaluation Sheet (Annexure –IV) 23-26

15. Logbook 27

5
 ANNEXURE I

Micro-Project Proposal

“Types of Business Ownerships”

1.0 Aims/Benefits of the Micro-Project:

1. To know about types Business Ownerships.
2. To Understand the differences between these ownerships.
3. To document them and correlate with real world examples.
4. To list out Pros and Cons of each type of ownership.

2.0 Course Outcomes Addressed:

a. Use basic management principles to execute daily activities.
b. Use principles of planning and organizing for accomplishment of tasks.
c. Use principles of directing and controlling for implementing the plans.
d. Apply principles of safety management in all activities.
e. Understand various provisions of industrial acts.

3.0 Proposed Methodology:

1. As soon as we get the topic, the respective group members will sit together and
discuss regarding the micro project.
2. The selection of topic will be relevant which will teach us to learn something new.
3. The work of the project will be divided in such a way that each and every member
of our group can contribute equally.
4. Collection of the material will be done as per the requirements.
5. Later, soft copy will be made and shown to the respected subject teacher.
6. Corrections will be done accordingly as per the suggestions given to us.
7. The final hard copy will be submitted.

6
4.0Action Plan:

Sr. Details of Activity Planned Start Planned Name of Responsible

No. Date Finish Date Team Members

1 Formation of groups 2-1-2024 2-1-2024 All members

2 Selected the topic for micro 9-1-2024 9-1-2024 All members

project
3 Discussed about the project 16-1-2024 16-1-2024 All members
4 Assigned the work to each 23-1-2024 23-1-2024 All members
group member
5 Detailed study of micro- 30-1-2024 30-1-2024 All members
project
6 Collected information on 13-2-2024 13-2-2024 All members
assignment topic
7 Started working on micro- 20-2-2024 20-2-2024 All members
project
8 Assembled all the data 27-2-2024 27-2-2024 All members

9 Evaluation of data 5-3-2024 5-3-2024 All members

10 Prepared rough copy of 12-3-2024 12-3-2024 All members
micro-project
11 Project proposal presentation 19-3-2024 19-3-2024 All members
to guide
12 Corrected the micro-project 19-3-2024 19-3-2024 All members
suggested by guide
13 Actual implementation of 26-3-2024 26-3-2024 All members
micro-project
14 Execution of overall data / 26-3-2024 26-3-2024 All members
prepared final draft copy
15 Final micro-project 02-4-2024 02-4-2024 All members
presentation
16 Micro-project submitted 02-4-2024 02-4-2024 All members

7
5.0 Resource Required:

Sr No. Name of Specifications Qty. Remarks

Resources/material
1. Computer/ Laptop Any desktop or laptop with 1 ---
basic configuration

2. Software MS Office, NetBeans IDE 8.1, --- ---

Eclipse IDE, Selenium IDE

6.0 Names of Team Members with Roll Nos.

Sr. No Name of Students Roll No

1 Anita Ashok Dinde 2402
2 Durga Vilas Jagtap 2412
3 Shruti Shailesh Ingle 2415

Mr.R.Paygaonkar

Name and Signature of Teacher

8
 ANNEXURE - II

Micro Project Report

“Types of Business Ownerships”

1.0Rationale:
An engineer has to work in industry with human capital and machines. Therefore, managerial
skills are essential for enhancing their employability and career growth. This course is
therefore designed to provide the basic concepts in management principles, safety aspects and
Industrial Acts.

2.0 Aims/ Benefits of the Micro Project:

1. To know about types Business Ownerships.
2. To Understand the differences between these ownerships.
3. To document them and correlate with real world examples.
4. To list out Pros and Cons of each type of ownership.

3.0 Course Outcomes Achieved:

a. Use basic management principles to execute daily activities.
b. Use principles of planning and organizing for accomplishment of tasks.
c. Use principles of directing and controlling for implementing the plans.
d. Apply principles of safety management in all activities.
e. Understand various provisions of industrial acts.

4.0 Literature Review:

Management can be defined as the process of administering and controlling the affairs of
the organization, irrespective of its nature, type, structure and size. It is an act of creating and
maintaining such a business environment wherein the members of the organization can work
together, and achieve business objectives efficiently and effectively. Business
ownership refers to legal control over a business. It gives the owner the legal right to make
certain business decisions. To study the topic we have referred various management related
books , articles on websites, etc.

9
5.0 Actual Methodology Followed:
1. As per planned, as soon as we got the topic, the respective group members sat together and
discussed regarding the micro project.
2. The selection of topic is relevant which teaches us to learn something new.
3. The work of the project was divided in such a way that each and every member of our group
contributed equally.
4. Collection of the material has been done as per the requirements.
5. Later, soft copy was made and shown to the respected subject teacher.
6. Corrections were accordingly as per the suggestions given to us.
7. The final hard copy was successfully submitted with DVD attached to it.

6.0 Actual Resources Used:

Sr. No. Name of Specifications Qty. Remarks

Resources/material
1. Computer/ Laptop Any desktop or laptop with 1 ---
basic configuration

2. Software Microsoft Word --- ---

10
7.0 Outputs of the Micro Project:

Business ownership refers to legal control over a business. It gives the owner the legal right to make
certain business decisions.

Types of Business Ownerships:

Business
Ownerships

Sole Limited liability

Partnership Corporation Cooperative
proprietorship company

1. Sole proprietorship

A sole proprietorship occurs when someone does business activities but doesn’t register as another kind
of business. There is no separate business entity, meaning there is no distinction between the business
owner’s personal and professional assets and liabilities.

Sole proprietorships are simple, easy to start, and one of the most common types of business ownership.
They are a good option for someone starting a low-risk business on a trial basis. Also, no additional
taxation!

However, because there is no formal separation, the business owner will become personally liable for any
obligation the business might have.

• Example: Beauty parlour, barbershop, general store and sweet shop run by a single owner.

11
2. Partnership

Similar to sole proprietorships, a partnership is the simplest type of business ownership when two or more
people are involved. There are two kinds: limited partnerships and limited liability partnerships.

This term liability is being thrown around quite a bit, so let’s define the types of liabilities we will be
looking at when discussing business ownership:

Liability: being responsible for something by law

Limited liability: a person’s liability is limited to a fixed sum, which usually reflects their investment in
the business

Unlimited liability: there is no limit to the liability and the owners take full responsibility for the
companies’ debts

A limited partnership has one partner with unlimited liability while everyone else involved has limited
liability. With limited liability, comes limited control. Since being a partner with limited liability is less of
a risk, they get less say in decision-making processes.

A limited liability partnership has only one class of owners, meaning there is no partner with the risk, and
power, of unlimited liability. A limited liability partnership shares the liability among the owners,
protecting them from the mistakes of their partners.

Neither of these partnership types pays additional taxes.

Few co-branding partnership examples are listed below:

• Red Bull and GoPro

• Spotify and Uber
• Levi’s & Pinterest
• Maruti Suzuki
• Hindustan Petroleum

12
3. Limited liability company

Not to be confused with a limited liability partnership, a limited liability company (LLC) separates the
owner’s personal and professional assets. Meaning if your business gets hit with a lawsuit or goes
bankrupt, your house, car, and personal piggy bank are safe.

Similar to sole proprietorships and partnerships, LLCs do not pay additional federal income taxes or those
associated with being a corporation. However, depending on their location, they might be subject to other
state taxes. Also, LLCs fall under the category of self-employment, so those taxes fall on them as well.

An LLC is a good choice for a business owner willing to take a little bit of a bigger risk or one looking to
protect their personal assets.

Examples:
• Amazon
Amazon.com Services LLC, a subsidiary of Amazon.com, was founded in 2002 and is in the
electronics and appliances sector. It brings in nearly $1 billion annually.
• Hertz
Hertz Vehicles LLC is a car rental company and part of the Hertz family of companies.
• Sony
Sony Interactive Entertainment LLC is a subsidiary of Sony, Inc. and is the video game and digital
entertainment arm of the company.
• IBM
IBM Credit LLC is a subsidiary of IBM and finances the purchases of IBM and other products.
• Google
Google LLC is a subsidiary of Alphabet, Inc., and is the global search giant we use every day.

4. Corporations
There are actually a few separate types of corporations, and each one has something that makes it a
little different.

13
C corporation

A C corporation, or just a regular corporation, is its own entity kept separate from its owners. This means
they offer the most protection in terms of personal liability.

Corporations have an advantage when it comes to funding: stock. A stock is a partial share in a company,
so when people buy stock, they are essentially buying ownership and decision-making responsibilities.

However, starting a corporation costs more than any other business structure. Not only are they legally
required to do keep more records and release more reports, but they also pay income tax. In some cases,
there is even double taxation - once on profits, and then again on the dividends distributed to
stockholders.

With so many different stakeholders contributing to the same business, corporations become solid. If
someone leaves, the business remains relatively unaffected.

A corporation is a good structure for a business owner looking for a little more risk, good funding
options, and the prospect of eventually “going public,” which means the company will eventually sell
stock to the public.

S corporation

An S corporation, or S corp, is a type of corporation that is meant to avoid the double taxation that hits
normal C corporations.

To become an S corp and avoid that taxation, you file a special election. Once the business is officially an
S corp, it is no longer taxed on profits. Instead, all profits, and losses, are passed on to the stockholders.

However, this is not possible everywhere. There are certain states that tax above a certain limit and some
just tax them like a C corp.

Becoming an S corp isn’t possible for everyone. If you have more than 100 stakeholders and any
stakeholders that aren’t citizens of the United States, you are out of luck. You can find other S corp
criteria here.

14
B corporation

Benefit corporations, or B corps, have missions similar to non-profit organizations, but they are, in fact, a
for-profit corporation. Their stakeholders have the goal of providing a public benefit, but they also want
to see a profit.

Certain state governments also want to see that public benefit; some require B corps to submit benefit
reports that prove they are contributing to the good of the public.

Even though they might have different purposes, B corps are not taxed differently form C corps.

Close corporation

A close corporation resembles the structure of a B corp. A lot of the rules associated with smaller
companies also apply to close corporations.

With other types of corporations, anyone can own stock. If there is stock available and they have the
money, it’s theirs. This is where close corporations differ: the stocks are owned by people that are closely
related to the business.

Stockholders in close corporations benefit from liability protection while also being free of reporting
requirements and pressure from shareholders that don’t know much about the business.

15
You don’t want to mess with taxes. Make sure you are on the right track with sales tax compliance
software.

Nonprofit Corporation

Nonprofit corporations work in charity, education, religion, literature, or science. Because they exist to
serve the common good, nonprofit corporations do not pay any state or federal taxes on their income.

To obtain this tax-exempt status, nonprofit corporations must register with their state, follow similar rules
to standard C corporations, and all money must go back into the organization. In other words, profits can’t
be distributed to the members of the organization. This does not mean nonprofits do not pay their
employees.

Examples:

• Reserve Bank of India (1935)

• Life Insurance Corporation of India (1956)
• Central Warehousing Corporation (1957)

16
• Oil and Natural Gas Commission (1959)

5. Cooperative

A cooperative is a private business owned and operated by the same people that use its products and or
services. The purpose of a cooperative is to fulfill the needs of the people running it. The profits are
distributed among the people working within the cooperative, also known as user-owners.

There is typically an elected board that runs the cooperative, and members can buy shares to be apart of
decision-making processes.

Example:

• Amul
• Horticultural Producers’ Cooperative Marketing and Processing Society (HOPCOMS)
• Indian Coffee House
• Indian Farmers Fertilizer Cooperative Limited (IFFCO)
• Kerala Dinesh Beedi workers’ Central Co-op Society
• Karnataka Milk Federation(KMF)
• Kerala Co-operative Milk Marketing Federation (KCMMF)
• Pratibha Mahila Sahakari Bank
• Orissa State Cooperative Milk Producers’ Federation
• Anyonya Co-operative Bank Limited

17
 Indian Partnership Act 1932

Most of the businesses in India adopt a partnership business, so to monitor and govern such
partnership The Indian Partnership Act was established on the 1st October 1932. Under this
partnership act, an agreement is made between two or more persons who agrees to operate the business
together and distribute the profits they gain from this business.

8.0 Skills developed/ Learning Outcome of the Micro Project:

1. Learnt the concepts of Management.
2. Studied about the types of Ownerships in Businesses.
3. Prepared a report on these types in detailed.

9.0 Applications of this Micro Project:

This project is applicable for different kind of educational purposes. Students can use this
project to understand the types of business ownerships present in real world. As management is
important, the topic is very important part of it and plays an important part in it. This micro
project will help people understand the business ownerships and its importance. Also, the
mapping of subject is done with the real world through examples of each.

Mr.R.Paygavkar

(Name & Signature of faculty)

18
 Annexure - III

Suggested Rubric for Assessment of Micro Project

(The marks may be allotted to the characteristics of the Micro-Project by considering the suggested
rubrics)

S. Characteristics to be Poor Average Good Excellent

No assessed (Marks 1-3) (Marks 4-5) (Marks 6-8) (Marks 9-10)
1. Relevance to the Related to Related to Addressed at- Addressed
Course very few Los some Los least one CO more than one
CO
2. Literature Not more At-least 5 At-least 7 About 10
Review/information than two relevant relevant relevant
collection sources sources, at sources, most sources, most
(Primary and least 2 latest latest latest
Secondary),
very old
reference
3. Completion of Target Completed Completed 50 Completed 60 Completed
as per Project proposal less than 50% to 60% to 80% more than
80%
4. Analysis of Data and Sample Size Sufficient and Sufficient and Enough data
representation all, data appropriate appropriate collected by
neither sample, sample, sufficient and
organized nor enough data enough data appropriate
presented generated but generated sample size.
well not organized which is Proper
and not well organized and inferences
presented presented drawn by
well. No or well. But organizing
poor poor and
inferences inferences presenting
drawn drawn data through
tables, charts
and graphs
5. Quality of Incomplete Just Well a Just Well a Just
prototype/Model fabrication/ assembled/ assembled/ assembled/
assembly fabricated and fabricated fabricated
parts are not with proper with proper
functioning functioning functioning
well. Not in parts.in parts. In
proper shape, proper shape, proper shape,
dimensions within within
beyond tolerance tolerance
tolerance dimensions dimensions

19
 limit. and good and good
Appearance/ finish. But no finish/
finish are creativity in appearance.
shabby. design and Creativity in
use of design and
material use of
material.
6. Report Preparation Very short, Nearly Detailed, Very detailed,
poor quality sufficient and correct and correct, clear
sketches, correct details clear description of
Details about about description of methods,
methods, methods, methods, materials,
materials, materials, materials, precautions
Precautions precautions precautions and
and and and conclusion.
Conclusions conclusion. conclusion. Enough
omitted, some But clarity is Sufficient tables, charts
details are not there in graphic and sketches
wrong. presentation. description
But not
enough
graphic
description

7. Presentation of the Major Includes Includes Well

Micro-Project information is major major organized,
not included; information information includes
information is but not well but not well major
not well organized not organized not information,
organized. presented presented presented
well. well. well.

8. Viva Could not Replied to Replied Replied most

reply to considerable properly of the
considerable number of considerable questions
number of questions nut number of properly
question not very question.
properly

20
 Annexure IV
Micro Project Evaluation Sheet
Name of Student: Anita Ashok Dinde Enrollment No: 2101410186
Name of Program: TYCO Semester: CO 6I
Course Name: Management Code: 22509
Title of the Micro-project: “Types of Business Ownership”

Course Outcomes Achieved:

▪ CO22518a. Use basic management principles to execute daily activities.
▪ CO22518b. Use principles of planning and organizing for accomplishment of tasks.
▪ CO22518c. Use principles of directing and controlling for implementing the plans.
▪ CO22518d. Apply principles of safety management in all activities.
▪ CO22518e. Understand various provisions of industrial acts.

Sr Characteristic to be Poor Average Good Excellent Sub

No. accessed Total
(Marks 1- (Marks 4- (Marks 6- (Marks 9-
3) 5) 8) 10)
(A) Process and Product Assessment (Convert above total marks out of 6 Marks)
1 Relevance to the
course
2 Literature
Review/information
collection
3 Completion of the
Target as per project
proposal
4 Analysis of Data and
representation
5 Quality of the
Prototype/Model
6 Report Preparation
(B) Individual Presentation/ Viva (Convert above total marks out of 4 Marks)
7 Presentation
8 Viva
(A) (B) Total Marks
Process and Product Assessment Individual Presentation/ Viva 10
(6 Marks) (4 Marks)

Comments/ suggestions about Team work/ Leadership/Inter-Personal communication (If any)

…………………………………………………………………………………………
Name and Designation of the Teacher: ……………
Dated Signature………………………………
21
 Annexure IV
Micro Project Evaluation Sheet
Name of Student: Durga Vilas Jagtap Enrollment No: 2101410206
Name of Program: TYCO Semester: CO 6I
Course Name: Management Code: 22509
Title of the Micro-project: “Types of Business Ownership”

Course Outcomes Achieved:

▪ CO22518a. Use basic management principles to execute daily activities.
▪ CO22518b. Use principles of planning and organizing for accomplishment of tasks.
▪ CO22518c. Use principles of directing and controlling for implementing the plans.
▪ CO22518d. Apply principles of safety management in all activities.
▪ CO22518e. Understand various provisions of industrial acts.
Sr Characteristic to be Poor Average Good Excellent Sub
No. accessed Total
(Marks 1- (Marks 4- (Marks 6- (Marks 9-
3) 5) 8) 10)
(A) Process and Product Assessment (Convert above total marks out of 6 Marks)
1 Relevance to the
course
2 Literature
Review/information
collection
3 Completion of the
Target as per project
proposal
4 Analysis of Data and
representation
5 Quality of the
Prototype/Model
6 Report Preparation
(B) Individual Presentation/ Viva (Convert above total marks out of 4 Marks)
7 Presentation
8 Viva
(A) (B) Total Marks
Process and Product Assessment Individual Presentation/ Viva 10
(6 Marks) (4 Marks)

Comments/ suggestions about Team work/ Leadership/Inter-Personal communication (If any)

…………………………………………………………………………………………
Name and Designation of the Teacher: ……………
Dated Signature………………………………
22
 Annexure IV
▪ Micro Project Evaluation Sheet
Name of Student: Shruti Shailesh Ingle Enrollment No: 2001410204
Name of Program: TYCO Semester: CO 6I
Course Name: Management Code: 22509
Title of the Micro-project: “Types of Business Ownership”

Course Outcomes Achieved:

▪ CO22518a. Use basic management principles to execute daily activities.
▪ CO22518b. Use principles of planning and organizing for accomplishment of tasks.
▪ CO22518c. Use principles of directing and controlling for implementing the plans.
▪ CO22518d. Apply principles of safety management in all activities.
▪ CO22518e. Understand various provisions of industrial acts.
Sr Characteristic to be Poor Average Good Excellent Sub
No. accessed Total
(Marks 1- (Marks 4- (Marks 6- (Marks 9-
3) 5) 8) 10)
(A) Process and Product Assessment (Convert above total marks out of 6 Marks)
1 Relevance to the
course
2 Literature
Review/information
collection
3 Completion of the
Target as per project
proposal
4 Analysis of Data and
representation
5 Quality of the
Prototype/Model
6 Report Preparation
(B) Individual Presentation/ Viva (Convert above total marks out of 4 Marks)
7 Presentation
8 Viva
(A) (B) Total Marks
Process and Product Assessment Individual Presentation/ Viva 10
(6 Marks) (4 Marks)

Comments/ suggestions about Team work/ Leadership/Inter-Personal communication (If any)

…………………………………………………………………………………………
Name and Designation of the Teacher: ……………
Dated Signature……………………………

23
 Evaluation Sheet for the Micro Project

Academic Year: 2023-2024 Name of Faculty: Mr.R.Paygaonkar

Course: Management
Course Code: 22509 Semester: 6-I-Scheme

Title of the Project: Types of Business Ownership

Comments/Suggestions about team work/leadership/inter-personal communication (if any):

Roll Student Name Marks out of 6 Marks out of 4 Total

No for performance in for performance in oral / out of 10
group activity (D5 presentation (D5 :Col. 9)
:Col. 8)

2402 Anita Ashok Dinde

2412 Durga Vilas Jagtap

2415 Shruti Shailesh Ingle

Mr.R.Paygaonkar
(Name & Signature of faculty)

24
 Log Book of the Student (Weekly Work Report)
Academic Year: 2023-2024
Name of Students: Anita Dinde, Durga Jagtap, Shruti Ingle
Title of the Project: “Types of Business Ownership”

Sr. No./ Date Time Work Done

Hour No.

1. 2-1-2024 1.00pm-2.00pm Formation of groups

2. 9-1-2024 1.15pm-2.15pm Selected the topic for micro project

3. 16-1-2024 1.00pm-2.00pm Discussed about the project

4. 23-1-2024 1.30pm-2.30pm Assigned the work to each group member

5. 30-1-2024 4.00pm-5.00pm Detailed study of micro-project

6. 13-2-2024 4.00pm-5.00pm Collected information on assignment topic

7. 20-2-2024 4.15pm-5.15pm Started working on micro-project

8. 27-2-2024 4.00pm-5.00pm Assembled all the data

9. 5-3-2024 4.30pm-5.30pm Evaluation of data

10. 12-3-2024 1.45pm-2:45pm Prepared rough copy of micro-project

11. 19-3-2024 2.00pm-3.00pm Project proposal presentation to guide

12. 19-3-2024 2.15pm-3.15pm Corrected the micro-project suggested by

guide

13. 26-3-2024 4.00pm-5.00pm Actual implementation of micro-project

14. 26-3-2024 1.30pm-2.30pm Execution of overall data / prepared final draft

copy

15. 02-4-2024 2.00pm-3.00pm Final micro-project presentation

16. 02-4-2024 2.00pm-3.00pm Micro-project submitted

Mr.R.Paygaonkar
(Name & Signature of faculty)

25
26