8

Technical and Vocational

Education
Visual Graphic Design
Quarter 2
The Elements of Design
(Pattern, Texture and Space )

GOVERNMENT PROPE
NOT FOR SAL
Visual Graphic Design – Grade 8
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 2 – The Elements of Design (Pattern, Texture and Space)
First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education

Secretary : Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary : Diosdado M. San Antonio

Development Team of the Module

Author: Joseph L. Rino
Language Reviewer: John Lanzil T. Lago
Content Editor: Cherlyn DL. Gallardo
Illustrator: Joseph L. Rino
Layout Artist: Joseph L. Rino

Management Team
Gregorio C. Quinto, Jr., EdD
Chief, Curriculum Implementation Division

Rainelda M. Blanco, PhD

Education Program Supervisor – LRMDS

Agnes R. Bernardo, PhD

EPS-Division ADM Coordinator

Glenda S. Constantino
Project Development Officer II

Joel I. Vasallo, PhD

EPS – Technology and Livelihood Education

Joannarie C. Gracia
Librarian II

Department of Education, Schools Division of Bulacan

Curriculum Implementation Division
Learning Resource Management and Development System (LRMDS)
Capitol Compound, Guinhawa St., City of Malolos, Bulacan
Email address: [email protected]
 8

Technical and Vocational

Education
Quarter 2
The Elements of Design
(Pattern, Texture and Space)
 Introductory Message
For the Facilitator:

Welcome to the Visual Graphic Design 8 Project CAP-LRE Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM)
Module on Visual Graphics Design – The Elements of Design (Pattern, Texture and Space).

This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by educators both from
public and private institutions to assist you, the teacher or facilitator in helping the learners
meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while overcoming their personal, social,
and economic constraints in schooling.

This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent learning
activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also aims to help learners acquire the
needed 21st century skills while taking into consideration their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of the
module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that
will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator, you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module. You also
need to keep track of the learners’ progress while allowing them to manage their own
learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist the learners as they do the
tasks included in the module.

For the Learner:

Welcome to the Visual Graphic Design 8 Project CAP-LRE Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM)
Module on Visual Graphics Design – The Elements of Design (Pattern, Texture and Space).
This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities for guided
and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be enabled to process the
contents of the learning resource while being an active learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

This will give you an idea of the skills or

competencies you are expected to learn in the
module.

1
 This part includes an activity that aims to check
what you already know about the lesson to
take. If you get all the answers correctly
(100%), you may decide to skip this module.

This is a brief drill or review to help you link the

current lesson with the previous one.

In this portion, the new lesson will be

introduced to you in various ways; a story, a
song, a poem, a problem opener, an activity
or a situation.
This section provides a brief discussion of the
lesson. This aims to help you discover and
understand new concepts and skills.
This comprises activities for independent
practice to solidify your understanding and skills
of the topic. You may check the answers to the
exercises using the Answer Key at the end of
the module.
This includes questions or blank
sentence/paragraph to be filled in to process
what you learned from the lesson.
This section provides an activity which will help
you transfer your new knowledge or skill into
real life situations or concerns.
This is a task which aims to evaluate your level
of mastery in achieving the learning
competency.
In this portion, another activity will be given to
you to enrich your knowledge or skill of the
lesson learned.
This contains answers to all activities in the
module.

At the end of this module, you will also find:

References- This is a list of all sources used in developing this module.

The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the
module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities
included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.

If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not hesitate to
consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are not alone.
We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning and gain deep
understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!

2
 This module provides varied activities that will help you learn about the
fundamentals of Visual Graphic Design. It will also help you better understand the
nature of work of a Graphic designer.
At the end of this module, you are expected to:
• identify what is pattern, texture and space;
• understand how pattern texture and space is used in graphic design;
• use them in designing.

FILL IN THE BLANK

Directions: Identify the picture according to the set of elements of design and fill out the
blanks of the missing letters to form the word. Write your answers in your
answer sheet

1. P__ TT __ __ N 6. V__L__E

2. T __ CT __ L __ 7. __ I__E

3. __OL__ R 8. L__ N__

9. T__XT__ __ E
4. S __ __C E

5. __ HA__ E 10. __ O__ M

3
 Design elements and principles describe fundamental ideas about the practice of
good visual design that are assumed to be the basis of all intentional visual design
strategies. The elements formed the 'vocabulary' of the design, while the principles
constitute the broader structural aspects of its composition.
Awareness of the elements and principles in design is the first step in creating
successful visual compositions. These principles, which may overlap, are used in all visual
design fields, including graphic design, industrial design, architecture and fine arts.
DRAW ME
Directions: Identify what elements of design is being described in each statement. Draw your
answer on the box provided before each number.

1. Horizontal line 6. Three dots

2. Curved line 7. Rectangle

3. Triangle 8. Vertical line

9. Leaf shape
4. Diagonal line

5. Zigzag line 10. Square

If you answer all the elements of design correctly, then you are now ready to begin our
lesson.

Notes to the Teacher

The activities in this module are arranged from simple to complex, to help
the learner gradually master the desired learning competency. Give him/her the
needed support and guidance so that he/she will be able to perform the tasks to
prepare him/her later on creating and editing data in a worksheet.

4
 Direction: Let us analyze the situation.

Zoevon is a beginner in terms of designing a tarpaulin. His

assignment is to design the tarpaulin for this coming Christmas
Eve celebration. But he need to consider the space, texture and
pattern that is suitable for his tarpaulin design.
Let us help Zoevon to gather the information on how to
make design using the additional elements.

The Pattern, Texture and

Space in Visual Design

To make easier in designing using Photoshop, you should have learn the basic
elements. This lesson will give you the additional elements of design from previous lesson.
We’ll enumerate the basics and explain how you can effectively use each of them in a
project.
This lesson will focus in some additional elements of design that is important to
consider when you are working with the designing especially using the Abode Photoshop
application.

1. Pattern
2. Texture
3. Space

WHAT IS PATTERN

A pattern is an image that is repeated, or tiled, when you use it to fill a layer or
selection. Photoshop comes with various preset patterns. You can create
new patterns and save them in libraries for use with different tools and commands.

5
 Patterns can be brushed on using the Pattern Stamp Tool, used to fill selected
areas with the Paint Bucket Tool, used as an overall fill (Edit / Fill / Pattern) or applied as
part of a Layer Style (Pattern Overlay). Patterns are used to create decorative papers and
to apply overall or specific area texture.

Pattern Stamp Tool(S) is a very useful tool while making designs. You can use it
to give interesting textures and backgrounds to your image. This tool allows you to create
your own pattern stamps. You can fill pattern in your image using this tool.

Creating a Pattern From any Image

You can use any image in Photoshop to define a pattern the same way you would
with the .AI, .EPS or .PSD files. Follow the exact same guidelines to do it. Bear in mind that
most image formats are not vector files, meaning that the scalability of your pattern will
depend on the size of the image you use.
Applying a Pattern in Photoshop
6
To check if your patterns have imported successfully, open an image to which you
will apply the pattern. Select the layer that you want to apply the pattern to, click the ‘Fx’
button and select ‘Pattern Overlay’ option from the menu.

It will open a ‘Layer Style’ panel with the controls for the chosen effect. To select the
new pattern that you loaded or created click the small arrow button on the right side of the
thumbnail of the pattern that is currently selected.

It will open a box with the selection of patterns currently imported into Photoshop.
Select the one you intend to use. Now you can experiment with the scale slider to find the
best size for the pattern, set the level of the opacity, and select the blend mode for the
pattern.

Did you know that…

There are many readymade pattern that we can use in Photoshop application like the
GIMP, illustrator pattern and the Krita pattern.

In GIMP , a pattern is a small image used to fill areas by placing copies of side by
side.
 7

WHAT IS TEXTURE?

In digital photography terms it's simply another layer added to your photograph in an
editing program, usually an image of some sort of textural surface, or it can be
photographed, scanned or even made in Photoshop.

Texture is perceived surface quality. In art, there are two types of texture: tactile and
implied. Tactile texture (real texture) is the way the surface of an object actually feels.

Examples of this include sandpaper, cotton balls, tree bark, puppy fur, etc. Implied
texture is the way the surface of an object looks like it feels. The texture may look rough,
fizzy, gritty, but cannot actually be felt. This type of texture is used by artists when drawing or
painting.

TYPES OF TEXTURE

Tactile Texture

The physical texture (also known as actual texture or tactile texture) are the
patterns of variations upon a solid surface. This can include -but is not limited to- fur, wood
grain, sand, smooth surface of canvas or metal, glass, and leather. Specific use of
a texture can affect the smoothness that an artwork conveys.

Implied Texture

Some things look like they are rough but are actually smooth. Texture that is
created to look like something it is not, is called visual or implied texture.
 Visual texture in art (also called Implied Texture) is texture that is not actually real.
The artist creates the illusion of textures through manipulation of the media.

The Importance of Texture in Abstract Art

Broadly speaking there are two categories of texture in art, just as in life: rough and
smooth. Both can be hard or soft, wet or dry, organic or synthetic, etc. And infinite gradations
of roughness and smoothness are possible. But one key difference separates the function
texture performs in life from the function of texture in art. In life texture can be a matter of
survival. Our perception of whether something is slippery, slimy, scaly or fuzzy could mean
the difference between life and death. Texture in art is less dire. Most artworks are not even
meant to be touched. And even when an artwork can be touched its texture relates more to
our aesthetic experience than our continued existence. Nonetheless texture is an important
part of our interaction with art. It is one of the seven formal artistic elements, along with line,
color, shape, form, value and space. It can affect mood, evoke psychological associations,
bring attention to a medium, or divert our focus toward materials used in a work. Used
adeptly, texture can even challenge our perception of what is real.

Physical vs. Visual Texture

Texture in art can be perceived in at least two ways: through touch (physical texture)
and through sight (visual texture). Physical texture gives an artwork a sense of object-ness.
It associates it with the concrete physical world. The Italian artist Alberto Burri used found
materials in order to create physical textures in his works that could evoke primal emotional
responses in viewers. Korean Dansaekhwa artists and artists associated with the Japanese
avant-garde Gutai Group also put an emphasis on materiality, believing, as was stated in the
Gutai Manifesto, “that by merging human qualities and material properties, we can
concretely comprehend abstract space.”

Other artists are more interested in the potentialities of visual texture. The paintings
of British Op Art painter Bridget Riley are completely flat, but fool the eye into perceiving
textured waves and dimensional layers. Abstract photographers also play with visual texture.
Canadian-born abstract photographer Jessica Eaton builds three-dimensional objects
then photographs them with multiple filters. Her flat prints appear to be without
texture, but upon closer look the physical textures of the objects she built come
through, confusing the eye as to whether it perceives textures that are real or
imaginary.
 9

Jessica Eaton - cfaal 72r, 2001. Pigment print. © Jessica Eaton (Left) / Bridget Riley -
Descending, 1966. Emulsion on board. © Bridget Riley (Right)

Texture in Abstract Sculpture

Abstract artists working in three-dimensional space enjoy additional opportunities to
deal with the element of texture because their work is more often intended to be
touched. Jesús Rafael Soto creates large-scale, three-dimensional sculptures
called Penetrables, which viewers walk through, allowing the smooth, synthetic texture of the
tendrils to envelop them as part of their aesthetic experience. And artists such as Henry
Moore, who made numerous public, outdoor sculptures, have the chance to demonstrate
how time, human hands, and the elements transform the essential character of an artwork
over time.
 10
WHAT DO YOU SEE?
Directions: Illustrate or cut some pictures that shows the types of texture, tactile and
implied texture. Place it on the box below and explain it.

WHAT IS SPACE?

SPACE
 The area around, within, or between images or parts of an image (relative to
perspective). Positive and negative space.
 It may have two dimensions (length and width), such as a floor, or it may have
three dimensions (length, width, and height).
 Space includes the background, foreground and middle ground.
 Space refers to the distances or areas around, between or within components of
a piece.
2-Dimensional Space
11
2D space is a measurable distance on a surface which shows length and width but
lacks thickness or depth.

3-Dimensional Space

3D space is a measurable distance on a surface that includes length, width and

height.

Positive and negative space plays an important role in determining the overall
composition in a work of art. By understanding positive and negative space and applying
your knowledge, you can become more successful in designing your compositions.

What is Positive and Negative Space?

Simply put, positive space is best described as the areas in a work of art that
are the subjects, or areas of interest. Negative space is area around the subjects, or
areas of interest. Take a look at the image below.

For example, do you see faces or a vase?

 If you are seeing a vase, then you are seeing the white area as the positive space.
The black areas become the negative space. If you are seeing faces, then you are seeing
the black areas as the positive space and the white area as the negative space.
12

Examples of uses of positive and negative space

Balance of Positive and Negative space

Mostly Negative Space

Mostly Positive Space

 13
We are now at the end of the lesson. Now, we had
contributed to Zoevon’s concept of design. We are now
ready for more activities.

Independent Activity 1
Thumbs Up or Down!
Directions: Read each statement carefully. Draw a if the statement is correct, if NOT
draw a . Use the space provided before each number for your answer.

__________ 1. Pattern is an image that is repeated or tiled.

__________ 2. Physical texture is also known as Tactile texture.
__________ 3. Implied texture is actually real.
__________4. 2-Dimensional space is a measurable distance on a surface that includes
length, width and height.
__________ 5. Area around the subjects or areas of interest is called Negative Space.

Independent Assessment 1
Matching it Right!

Directions: Match each picture in Column A with its corresponding Element of Design
in Column B. Write the letter of the correct answer on the space provided
before each number.

Column A Column B
A. Mostly Negative Space

B. 2 Dimensional Drawing
_____1.
C. Implied Texture

_____2. D. Tactile Texture

E. 3 Dimensional Drawing
 14

_____3.

_____4.

_____5.

Independent Activity 2
FIT ME IN!
Directions: Identify what elements of design are present in the following picture.
Encircle the word in the parentheses that corresponds to your answer. (2 points each)

1.
(Pattern, Texture, Space)

2.
(Pattern, Texture, Space)

3.
(Pattern, Texture, Space)

4. (Pattern, Texture, Space)

5. (Pattern, Texture, Space)

Independent Assessment 2
15
WHERE DO I BELONG?
Directions: Read each statement below carefully. Identify the word being described each
number. Choose your answer from the box provided below. Use the line before each number
for your answers, (2 points each)

Texture 3-Dimensional Drawing

Space Tactile Texture

2-Dimensional Drawing Pattern

__________1. It is a measurable distance on a surface that includes length, width and height.
__________2. Texture mostly seen on wood grain, sand, smooth surface of canvas or metal,
glass, and leather.
__________3. It includes the background, foreground and middle ground.
__________4. It is an image that is repeated, or tiled, when you use it to fill a layer or selection.
__________5. A figure that is measurable distance on a surface which shows length and width
but lacks thickness or depth.

Independent Activity 3
CUT A PHOTO
Directions: Find 3 pictures whether from a poster, printed or wrappers that shows a Balance
Positive and Negative space, Mostly Negative Space and Mostly Positive Space figure.
Paste the picture in a bond paper. Write your name on it. (5 Points each)
Independent Assessment 3
Directions: In one whole bond paper, illustrate or cut picture that shows 2-Dimensional and
3-Dimensional Space figure. Place it on the box below and explain it.

16

You have studied most of the elements of design that makes a best layout and
illustration. Write five (5) words you remember on the discussion and tell something about
each of them. Write your answer on the box below.
 17

Do you know that understanding positive and negative shapes

lead us to have an optical illusion? Observe the picture on the right side
(this will be serve as your example). Is it a face or a vase? In one whole
bond paper, make your own positive and negative mirrored artwork.

Directions: Identify what is being described in each statement. Write your answer on the
box provided right after each item. The first letter of the word is already given.

1. It is an image that is repeated or tiled. P

2. An application that uses pattern preset. P

3-4. 2D space is a measurable distance on

a surface which shows _____ and width L
but lacks thickness or _____. D
5. Physical texture is also called _____ T
texture.
6. Visual texture is also called _____ I
texture.
7-8 Space includes _____, _____ and F
middle ground. B

9. _____ space refer to the subjects or P

areas of interest in a work of art.
10. _____ space refer around the subject N
areas of interest in a work of art.

Directions: In one to two words, how will you describe the following elements of design that you
already studied? Write your answer on the line provided in each number.

1. Lines
2. Shapes/Forms
18

3. Pattern

4. Texture

5. Space
19
 References
20

Bernard, Teresa, “Basic Art Element – texture”, Blog, February 1, 2016,

http://teresabernardart.com/tag/tactile-texture/
Fussel, Matt, “Positive and Negative Shape”, Blog, n.d.,
https://thevirtualinstructor.com/positive-and-negative-space.html
Ideelart, ”The Importance of texture in Abstract Art”, Blog, January 19, 2017,
https://www.ideelart.com/magazine/texture-in-art
Info Parrot, “How to Import and Create Photoshop Pattern”,Blog, n.d.,
http://www.infoparrot.com/how-to-import-and-create-photoshop-patterns/
Learn, “Elements:Space” Blog, n.d., http://learn.leighcotnoir.com/artspeak/elements-
space/

Solanki, Vijay, “Working with Pattern Stamp Tool in Photoshop”, Blog, February 9,
2016, http://www.theappguruz.com/blog/working-with-pattern-stamp-tool-in-photoshop

Worthington, Michael, ”Fundamentals of Graphic Design”, Graphic Design Tutorial,

n.d., https://www.coursera.org/learn/fundamentals-of-graphic-design

TESDA Visual Graphic Design NC3 Training Regulation