Answers-Hltaap001 Student Assessment. v1. 110520 (For Chc43115)
Answers-Hltaap001 Student Assessment. v1. 110520 (For Chc43115)
Answers-Hltaap001 Student Assessment. v1. 110520 (For Chc43115)
This form is to be completed by the assessor and used a final record of student competency. All student submissions
text
including any associated checklists (outlined below) are to be attached to this cover sheet before placing on the students
file. Student results are not to be entered onto the Student Management System unless all relevant paperwork is
completed and attached to this form.
here
Student Name:
Student ID No:
Einstein College of Australia Provider No:22459 CRICOS: 03223E ABN: 46 129 237 092
STUDENT ASSESSMENT
HLTAAP001 Recognise healthy body systems
Student Instructions
For this assessment, you are to be observed on 3 separate occasions (2 observations by your
workplace supervisor and 1 observation by your assessor). For this activity you are required to
demonstrate your ability to work effectively with information about the human body and its
healthy functioning in at least 3 different situations. The following will be observed:
1. Discuss limiting vices with a client, ensuring that you discuss how the relationships
between different body systems affect and support healthy functioning.
2. Discuss with a co-worker the health benefits of eating healthily and exercising regularly
for older clients including active and passive exercise.
Einstein College of Australia Provider No:22459 CRICOS: 03223E ABN: 46 129 237 092
STUDENT ASSESSMENT
HLTAAP001 Recognise healthy body systems
Student Instructions
This is an open book written test. Therefore, you are allowed to bring books/ resources that
can help you to answer the test.
Your assessor will set a date and time for this open book written test.
Einstein College of Australia Provider No:22459 CRICOS: 03223E ABN: 46 129 237 092
STUDENT ASSESSMENT
HLTAAP001 Recognise healthy body systems
Student ID No:
I declare that the work submitted is my own, and has not been copied or plagiarised from any person or source.
STUDENT INSTRUCTIONS
Please refer to the instructions below regarding completing this assessment
This is an open book written test. In the time allocated, you are to answer all of the following questions. Make sure you:
● Ask your assessor if you do not understand a question. Whist your assessor cannot tell you the answer, he/she may be able to re-
word the question for you
● Do not talk to your classmates. If you are caught talking, you will be asked to leave and your assessment will not be marked.
● Do not cheat or plagiarise the work of others. Anyone caught cheating will automatically be marked Not Yet Competent for this unit.
There are NO EXCEPTIONS to this rule.
QUESTIONS
● Using the correct terminology, describe the normal structure, function and location and
interrelationships of each of the major body systems. Also evaluate how the
relationships between different body systems affect and support healthy functioning.
This should include:
● Body Regulation
a. Maintenance of body temperature
The correct temperature of the human body is 36.0–37.2 °C. If a person is unable
to maintain their correct body temperature, they may suffer serious consequences.
These consequences can include organ failure and/or damage to any one of, or a
Einstein College of Australia Provider No:22459 CRICOS: 03223E ABN: 46 129 237 092
STUDENT ASSESSMENT
HLTAAP001 Recognise healthy body systems
combination of, the nervous system, the digestive system, the urinary system or
the cardiovascular system.
Support workers can take steps to help a person avoid high body temperature.
High body temperature can be avoided if a person:
● drinks water
● wears appropriate clothing
● takes a cool shower or bath
● stays inside and performs only light exercise.
● Hypothalamus
○ Nervous system
■ Acts as a thermostat
■ Initiates heating or cooling
● Muscles
○ Musculoskeletal system
■ Shivers to increase body temperature if body too cold
● Sweat glands
○ Integumentary system
■ Produces sweat if the body is too hot
In order to function efficiently, the human body relies on maintaining a stable balance of
electrolytes. Electrolytes are electrically charged ions that transmit electrical impulses to
our heart, muscle and nerves. Muscles rely on sodium, calcium and potassium to
contract, if we do not have enough our muscles will not work. Electrolytes also assist in
maintaining a healthy fluid balance. If we have too much sodium in our blood it may
cause high blood pressure or fluid retention. Electrolytes are found in food, especially fruit
and vegetables, and fluids such as fruit juices and coconut water. Electrolytes are not
replaced by drinking water.
The elimination of wastes from the body is a crucial process to maintain overall health
and well-being. There are several organs and systems in the body involved in waste
elimination:
● Kidneys: The kidneys play a central role in filtering waste products, excess ions,
and water from the bloodstream to form urine. They also help regulate electrolyte
Einstein College of Australia Provider No:22459 CRICOS: 03223E ABN: 46 129 237 092
STUDENT ASSESSMENT
HLTAAP001 Recognise healthy body systems
● Intestines: The large intestine (colon) is involved in the final stages of digestion
and absorption of nutrients from food. It also absorbs water and electrolytes,
forming feces that are eventually eliminated from the body through defecation.
● Skin: The skin plays a role in eliminating certain waste products, primarily through
sweating. Sweat contains water, electrolytes, and small amounts of metabolic
waste products such as urea and ammonia.
● Lungs: The lungs eliminate carbon dioxide, a waste product of cellular respiration,
through exhalation. They also help regulate the body's acid-base balance by
removing excess carbon dioxide, which can react with water to form carbonic acid.
● Lymphatic system: The lymphatic system helps remove waste products, toxins,
and excess fluids from tissues through lymphatic vessels and lymph nodes. Lymph
is eventually returned to the bloodstream for processing and elimination.
● Blood Volume: The volume of blood in the circulatory system influences blood
pressure. Factors such as hydration status, blood loss, and fluid retention can
affect blood volume and subsequently blood pressure.
Einstein College of Australia Provider No:22459 CRICOS: 03223E ABN: 46 129 237 092
STUDENT ASSESSMENT
HLTAAP001 Recognise healthy body systems
● Cardiac Output: Cardiac output, the amount of blood pumped by the heart per
minute, also contributes to blood pressure. It is determined by heart rate and
stroke volume (the amount of blood pumped with each heartbeat). An increase in
either heart rate or stroke volume can elevate blood pressure.
● Create a “Healthy Body Maintenance” fact sheet or handout that would be appropriate
to put in the waiting room at a local health service. This fact sheet/handout should be a
minimum single sided, or maximum a double sided A4 information sheet. It should
include information on:
a. Body regulation
b. Protection from infection
c. Active and passive exercise (the benefits of both)
Einstein College of Australia Provider No:22459 CRICOS: 03223E ABN: 46 129 237 092
STUDENT ASSESSMENT
HLTAAP001 Recognise healthy body systems
● Why is it necessary for health workers to use and understand accepted health
terminology to describe the normal structure, function and location of the major body
systems?
Einstein College of Australia Provider No:22459 CRICOS: 03223E ABN: 46 129 237 092
STUDENT ASSESSMENT
HLTAAP001 Recognise healthy body systems
Health workers must use and understand accepted health terminology to describe the normal structure,
function, and location of the major body systems for several reasons:
● Clear Communication: Standardized health terminology ensures clear and precise
communication among healthcare professionals. Using common terms helps avoid
misunderstandings and confusion, enabling effective collaboration and coordination of care.
● Patient Education: Health workers often interact with patients and their families, explaining
medical conditions, treatment options, and preventive measures. Using understandable
terminology helps patients better understand their health status, treatment plans, and self-care
instructions, empowering them to make informed decisions about their health.
● What are the 11 human body systems and what do they include?
The human body consists of multiple systems that work together to maintain overall health and
function. Here are the 11 major body systems along with a brief description of each and their primary
components:
● Nervous System:
a. Components: Brain, spinal cord, nerves.
b. Function: Coordinates and controls bodily functions, receives and processes sensory
information, enables voluntary and involuntary actions.
● Muscular System:
a. Components: Skeletal muscles, smooth muscles, cardiac muscle.
b. Function: Facilitates movement, supports posture and stability, generates heat.
● Skeletal System:
a. Components: Bones, cartilage, ligaments, tendons.
b. Function: Provides structural support and protection for organs, facilitates movement,
produces blood cells, stores minerals such as calcium and phosphorus.
● Circulatory System (Cardiovascular System):
a. Components: Heart, blood vessels (arteries, veins, capillaries), blood.
b. Function: Transports oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and waste products throughout the
body, regulates body temperature, supports immune function.
● Respiratory System:
a. Components: Lungs, trachea, bronchi, diaphragm.
b. Function: Facilitates gas exchange (oxygen and carbon dioxide) between the body and
the environment, regulates pH balance, removes carbon dioxide.
● Digestive System:
a. Components: Mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, liver,
pancreas, gallbladder.
b. Function: Ingests, breaks down, and absorbs nutrients from food and liquids,
eliminates waste products, maintains fluid and electrolyte balance.
● Endocrine System:
a. Components: Glands (e.g., pituitary, thyroid, adrenal, pancreas), hormones.
b. Function: Regulates metabolism, growth, development, reproduction, and various
physiological processes through the secretion of hormones.
Einstein College of Australia Provider No:22459 CRICOS: 03223E ABN: 46 129 237 092
STUDENT ASSESSMENT
HLTAAP001 Recognise healthy body systems
● Integumentary System:
a. Components: Skin, hair, nails, sweat glands, sebaceous glands.
b. Function: Provides a protective barrier against pathogens and environmental hazards,
regulates temperature, synthesizes vitamin D, contains sensory receptors.
● Lymphatic System (Immune System):
a. Components: Lymph nodes, lymphatic vessels, spleen, thymus, bone marrow.
b. Function: Defends the body against infections and diseases, removes excess fluid and
waste products from tissues, absorbs dietary fats.
● Urinary System (Excretory System):
a. Components: Kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra.
b. Function: Filters blood to remove waste products (e.g., urea, excess ions), regulates
fluid and electrolyte balance, produces and excretes urine.
● Reproductive System:
a. Components (Male): Testes, epididymis, vas deferens, seminal vesicles, prostate gland,
penis.
b. Components (Female): Ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, cervix, vagina, mammary
glands.
c. Function: Produces and transports gametes (sperm and eggs), facilitates fertilization,
supports fetal development and childbirth (female), produces sex hormones.
● What are 8 things that should be considered in maintaining a healthy body?
1. Balanced Diet: Consuming a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains,
lean proteins, and healthy fats provides essential nutrients, vitamins, and minerals
necessary for optimal health. Avoiding excessive intake of processed foods, sugary
beverages, and unhealthy fats helps prevent nutritional deficiencies and promotes
overall well-being.
4. Sufficient Sleep: Getting an adequate amount of quality sleep is essential for physical
and mental health. Sleep plays a vital role in restoring energy, supporting cognitive
function, regulating hormones, and promoting immune function. Aim for 7-9 hours of
sleep per night for most adults to optimize health and well-being.
Einstein College of Australia Provider No:22459 CRICOS: 03223E ABN: 46 129 237 092
STUDENT ASSESSMENT
HLTAAP001 Recognise healthy body systems
5. Stress Management: Chronic stress can have detrimental effects on both physical
and mental health. Practicing stress management techniques such as mindfulness
meditation, deep breathing exercises, yoga, progressive muscle relaxation, or
engaging in hobbies and activities that bring joy and relaxation can help reduce
stress levels and promote overall well-being.
6. Regular Health Check-ups: Regular health check-ups and screenings are important
for early detection and prevention of health problems. Schedule routine visits with
healthcare providers for preventive screenings, vaccinations, and discussions about
lifestyle habits and health concerns. Follow recommended guidelines for screenings
such as blood pressure checks, cholesterol tests, and cancer screenings based on
age, gender, and risk factors.
8. Positive Mental Attitude: Cultivating a positive mental attitude and nurturing emotional
well-being is important for overall health. Engage in activities that promote relaxation,
self-care, and connection with others. Practice gratitude, self-compassion, and
resilience in facing life's challenges. Seek support from friends, family, or mental
health professionals when needed.
The cardiovascular system, also known as the circulatory system, is responsible for
circulating blood throughout the body. Its primary functions include:
Einstein College of Australia Provider No:22459 CRICOS: 03223E ABN: 46 129 237 092
STUDENT ASSESSMENT
HLTAAP001 Recognise healthy body systems
Einstein College of Australia Provider No:22459 CRICOS: 03223E ABN: 46 129 237 092
STUDENT ASSESSMENT
HLTAAP001 Recognise healthy body systems
relaxation, or yoga to calm the mind and body, alleviate tension, and improve
resilience to stress. Prioritize self-care activities such as spending time outdoors,
pursuing hobbies, connecting with loved ones, and getting sufficient sleep to
recharge and rejuvenate. Establish boundaries, delegate tasks, and practice time
management to balance work, family, and personal life effectively.
● Muscular System:
○ Muscles are responsible for generating force and producing movement by
contracting and relaxing.
○ Skeletal muscles, attached to bones via tendons, pull on bones to create
movement at joints.
○ Muscles work in pairs or groups, with one muscle contracting (agonist) and
its opposing muscle relaxing (antagonist) to produce coordinated movement.
○ Muscles also help stabilize joints and maintain posture, balance, and body
alignment.
● Cardiovascular System:
○ The cardiovascular system transports oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and
Einstein College of Australia Provider No:22459 CRICOS: 03223E ABN: 46 129 237 092
STUDENT ASSESSMENT
HLTAAP001 Recognise healthy body systems
● Respiratory System:
○ The respiratory system facilitates gas exchange between the body and the
environment, providing oxygen for cellular respiration and removing carbon
dioxide.
○ Air is inhaled through the nose or mouth, passes through the pharynx, larynx,
trachea, and bronchi, and enters the lungs.
○ In the lungs, oxygen diffuses into the bloodstream while carbon dioxide
diffuses out of the bloodstream into the airspaces of the lungs to be exhaled.
○ During physical activity, the respiratory rate and depth increase to meet the
oxygen demand of working muscles and remove carbon dioxide produced as
a by-product of metabolism.
9. Using the correct terminology from the list below, label the diagram of the heart.
Words: Aorta, Superior Vena Cava, Inferior Vena Cava, Right Atrium, Left Atrium, Right
Ventricle, Left Ventricle, Tricuspid Valve, Mitral Valve, Apex, Right Pulmonary Artery, Right
Pulmonary Veins, Left Pulmonary Artery, Left Pulmonary Veins
Einstein College of Australia Provider No:22459 CRICOS: 03223E ABN: 46 129 237 092
STUDENT ASSESSMENT
HLTAAP001 Recognise healthy body systems
RIGHT PULMONARY
ARTERY AORTA
SUPERIOR VENA
CAVA LEFT PULMON
LEFT
INFERIOR
VENA CAVA
APEX
10. Using the correct terminology from the list, label the diagram of the skeleton.
Tarsals, Phalanges, Pelvis, Coccyx, Metacarpals, Tibia, Ulna, Patella, Calcaneus, Metatarsals,
Sacrum, Fibula, Radius, Sternum, Carpals, Lumbar Vertebrae, Mandible, Scapula, Humerus,
Femur, Phalanges, Skull, Thoracic vertebrae, Clavicle, Ribs, Cervical vertebrae
Einstein College of Australia Provider No:22459 CRICOS: 03223E ABN: 46 129 237 092
STUDENT ASSESSMENT
HLTAAP001 Recognise healthy body systems
SKULL
MANDIBLE
CERVICAL
VERTEBRAE CLAVICLE
SCAPULA
STERNUM
RIBS
HUMERUS
RADIUS
ULNA
FEMUR
Einstein College of Australia Provider No:22459 CRICOS: 03223E ABN: 46 129 237 092
STUDENT ASSESSMENT
HLTAAP001 Recognise healthy body systems
● Cytoplasm:
The cytoplasm is the gel-like substance that fills the interior of the cell, surrounding the
organelles.
It consists of cytosol, a fluid matrix composed of water, ions, proteins, and other molecules,
where cellular metabolism and biochemical reactions occur.
The cytoplasm provides structural support and facilitates the movement of organelles and
molecules within the cell.
● Nucleus:
The nucleus is the control center of the cell, containing the cell's genetic material (DNA)
organized into chromosomes.
It is surrounded by a double membrane called the nuclear envelope, which regulates the
passage of molecules between the nucleus and the cytoplasm through nuclear pores.
The nucleus plays a crucial role in gene expression, DNA replication, and the synthesis of
RNA, which are essential processes for cell growth, development, and reproduction.
● Organelles:
Organelles are specialized structures within the cell that perform specific functions to
support cellular activities.
Some of the key organelles include:
● Mitochondria: Powerhouse of the cell, responsible for generating adenosine
triphosphate (ATP) through cellular respiration.
● Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER): Involved in protein and lipid synthesis, as well as
the transport of molecules within the cell.
● Golgi Apparatus: Modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids for
secretion or delivery to other cellular locations.
● Lysosomes: Contain enzymes for digesting cellular waste, foreign substances,
and damaged organelles.
● Ribosomes: Sites of protein synthesis, where mRNA is translated into
polypeptide chains.
● Centrioles (in animal cells): Involved in cell division and the organization of
microtubules.
● Cytoskeleton:
The cytoskeleton is a network of protein filaments that provides structural support, shape,
and organization to the cell.
It consists of three main types of filaments:
● Microtubules: Provide structural support and serve as tracks for intracellular
Einstein College of Australia Provider No:22459 CRICOS: 03223E ABN: 46 129 237 092
STUDENT ASSESSMENT
HLTAAP001 Recognise healthy body systems
transport.
● Microfilaments (Actin filaments): Contribute to cell shape, movement, and
muscle contraction.
○ Intermediate Filaments: Provide mechanical strength and stability to the
cell.
Before you hand in your written assessment, make sure that you:
1. Re-check your answers and make sure you are happy with your responses
2. Have written your Name, Student ID and Date and signed it
Assessor's Judgement:
Comments:
Name: _______________________________
Assessor: I declare that I have conducted a fair, valid,
reliable and flexible assessment with this student, and I Signature: ____________________________
have provided appropriate feedback.
Date: ____/_____/_____
Einstein College of Australia Provider No:22459 CRICOS: 03223E ABN: 46 129 237 092