CC6 09 Test Bank
CC6 09 Test Bank
CC6 09 Test Bank
Chapter 9
Patterns of Inheritance
Multiple-Choice Questions
Answer: D
Topic: Opening Essay
Skill: Factual Recall
2) Which of the following statements best represents the theory of pangenesis developed by Hippocrates?
A) Pregnancy is a spontaneous event, and the characteristics of the offspring are determined by the gods.
B) Particles called pangenes, which originate in each part of an organism's body, collect in the sperm or eggs and are
passed on to the next generation.
C) Offspring inherit the traits of either the mother or the father, but not both.
D) Fertilization of plants is dependent on an animal.
E) Heritable traits are influenced by the environment and the behaviors of the parents.
Answer: B
Topic: 9.1
Skill: Conceptual Understanding
Answer: D
Topic: 9.1
Skill: Conceptual Understanding
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C) guinea pigs.
D) fruit flies.
E) clones.
Answer: A
Topic: 9.2
Skill: Factual Recall
5) Varieties of plants in which self-fertilization produces offspring that are identical to the parents are referred to as
A) hybrids.
B) the F2 generation.
C) monohybrid crosses.
D) independent crosses.
E) true-breeding.
Answer: E
Topic: 9.2
Skill: Conceptual Understanding
Answer: D
Topic: 9.2
Skill: Factual Recall
7) A monohybrid cross is
A) the second generation of a self-fertilized plant.
B) a breeding experiment in which the parental varieties have only one trait in common.
C) a breeding experiment in which the parental varieties differ in only one character.
D) a triploid plant that results from breeding two very different plants.
E) a breeding experiment in which the parental varieties have only one prominent trait.
Answer: C
Topic: 9.3
Skill: Conceptual Understanding
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Answer: D
Topic: 9.3
Skill: Factual Recall
9) Research since Mendel's time has established that the law of the segregation of genes during gamete formation
A) applies to all forms of life.
B) applies to all sexually reproducing organisms.
C) applies to all asexually reproducing organisms.
D) applies only to unicellular organisms.
E) is invalid.
Answer: B
Topic: 9.3
Skill: Conceptual Understanding
10) All the offspring of a cross between a black-eyed mendelien and an orange-eyed mendelien have black eyes. This
means that the allele for black eyes is ________ the allele for orange eyes.
A) codominant to
B) recessive to
C) more aggressive than
D) dominant to
E) better than
Answer: D
Topic: 9.3
Skill: Conceptual Understanding
11) All the offspring of a cross between a black-eyed mendelien and an orange-eyed mendelien have black eyes. What is
the expected phenotypic ratio of a cross between two orange-eyed mendeliens?
A) 3 black-eyed:1 orange-eyed
B) 0 black-eyed:1 orange-eyed
C) 1 black-eyed:3 orange-eyed
D) 1 black-eyed:0 orange-eyed
E) 1 black-eyed:1 orange-eyed
Answer: B
Topic: 9.3
Skill: Application
Answer: E
Topic: 9.4
Skill: Factual Recall
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13) The phenotypic ratio resulting from a dihybrid cross showing independent assortment is expected to be
A) 1:2:1.
B) 3:1.
C) 9:1:1:3.
D) 3:9:9:1.
E) 9:3:3:1.
Answer: E
Topic: 9.5
Skill: Factual Recall
14) If A is dominant to a and B is dominant to b, what is the expected phenotypic ratio of the cross: AaBb × AaBb?
A) 16:0:0:0
B) 8:4:2:2
C) 4:4:4:4
D) 1:1:1:1
E) 9:3:3:1
Answer: E
Topic: 9.5
Skill: Application
Answer: D
Topic: 9.5
Skill: Conceptual Understanding
16) Imagine that we mate two black Labrador dogs with normal vision and find that three of the puppies are like the
parents, but one puppy is chocolate with normal vision and another is black with PRA (progressive retinal atrophy, a
serious disease of vision). We can conclude that
A) both of the parents are homozygous for both traits.
B) one of the parents is homozygous for both traits.
C) the same alleles that control coat color can also cause PRA.
D) the alleles for color and vision segregate independently during gamete formation.
E) the alleles for color and vision segregate dependently during gamete formation.
Answer: D
Topic: 9.5, 9.6
Skill: Conceptual Understanding
17) A testcross is
A) a mating between an individual of unknown genotype and an individual homozygous recessive for the trait of
interest.
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B) a mating between an individual of unknown genotype and an individual heterozygous for the trait of interest.
C) a mating between an individual of unknown genotype and an individual homozygous dominant for the trait of
interest.
D) a mating between two individuals heterozygous for the trait of interest.
E) a mating between two individuals of unknown genotype.
Answer: A
Topic: 9.6
Skill: Conceptual Understanding
Answer: B
Topic: 9.7
Skill: Application
19) Assuming that the probability of having a female child is 50% and the probability of having a male child is also 50%,
what is the probability that a couple's first-born child will be female and that their second-born child will be male?
A) 20%
B) 25%
C) 50%
D) 75%
E) 100%
Answer: B
Topic: 9.7
Skill: Application
20) A carrier of a genetic disorder who does not show symptoms is most likely to be ________ to transmit it to offspring.
A) heterozygous for the trait and able
B) heterozygous for the trait and unable
C) homozygous for the trait and able
D) homozygous for the trait and unable
E) heterozygous for the trait and unlikely
Answer: A
Topic: 9.8
Skill: Conceptual Understanding
21) Dr. Smith's parents have normal hearing. However, Dr. Smith has an inherited form of deafness. Deafness is a
recessive trait that is associated with the abnormal allele d. The normal allele at this locus, associated with normal hearing,
is D. Dr. Smith's parents could have which of the following genotypes?
A) DD and dd
B) dd and dd
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C) Dd and Dd
D) DD and DD
E) Dd and DD
Answer: C
Topic: 9.8
Skill: Application
Answer: B
Topic: 9.9
Skill: Factual Recall
23) The vast majority of people afflicted with recessive disorders are born to parents who were
A) both affected by the disease.
B) not affected at all by the disease.
C) slightly affected by the disease, showing some but not all of the symptoms.
D) subjected to some environmental toxin that caused the disease in their children.
E) affected by the disease but had subclinical symptoms.
Answer: B
Topic: 9.9
Skill: Conceptual Understanding
24) Which of the following statements best explains why dominant alleles that cause lethal disorders are less common
than recessive alleles that cause lethal disorders?
A) Lethal disorders caused by dominant alleles are usually more severe than lethal disorders caused by recessive alleles.
B) Unlike lethal disorders caused by recessive alleles, lethal disorders caused by dominant alleles usually cause the death
of the embryo.
C) Most individuals carrying a lethal dominant allele have the disorder and die before they reproduce, whereas
individuals carrying a lethal recessive allele are more likely to be healthy and reproduce.
D) The presence of a lethal dominant allele causes sterility.
E) Many lethal recessive alleles cause enhanced disease resistance when they are present in the heterozygous state, and
carriers of these alleles have more children, on average, than other people.
Answer: C
Topic: 9.9
Skill: Conceptual Understanding
25) Amniocentesis and chorionic villus sampling allow for ________ and ________ of the fetus so that it can be tested for
abnormalities.
A) imaging . . . biochemical testing
B) imaging . . . karyotyping
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C) sexing . . . imaging
D) karyotyping . . . biochemical testing
E) direct observation . . . biochemical testing
Answer: D
Topic: 9.10
Skill: Factual Recall
Answer: B
Topic: 9.10
Skill: Factual Recall
Answer: E
Topic: 9.10
Skill: Factual Recall
Answer: A
Topic: 9.11
Skill: Conceptual Understanding
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Answer: A
Topic: 9.11, 9.13
Skill: Factual Recall
30) All the offspring of a cross between a red-flowered plant and a white-flowered plant have pink flowers. This means
that the allele for red flowers is ________ to the allele for white flowers.
A) dominant
B) codominant
C) pleiotropic
D) incompletely dominant
E) recessive
Answer: D
Topic: 9.11
Skill: Conceptual Understanding
31) Imagine that beak color in a finch species is controlled by a single gene. You mate a finch homozygous for orange
(pigmented) beak with a finch homozygous for ivory (unpigmented) beak and get numerous offspring, all of which have
a pale, ivory-orange beak. This pattern of color expression is most likely to be an example of
A) incomplete dominance.
B) codominance.
C) pleiotropy.
D) polygenic inheritance.
E) crossing over.
Answer: A
Topic: 9.11
Skill: Application
Answer: B
Topic: 9.11
Skill: Factual Recall
33) The expression of both alleles for a trait in a heterozygous individual illustrates
A) incomplete dominance.
B) codominance.
C) pleiotropy.
D) polygenic inheritance.
E) blending inheritance.
Answer: B
Topic: 9.12
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Skill: Factual Recall
Answer: B
Topic: 9.12
Skill: Factual Recall
Answer: C
Topic: 9.13
Skill: Factual Recall
Answer: A
Topic: 9.13
Skill: Conceptual Understanding
37) Which of the following terms refers to a situation where a single phenotypic character is determined by the additive
effects of two or more genes?
A) incomplete dominance
B) codominance
C) pleiotropy
D) polygenic inheritance
E) blending inheritance
Answer: D
Topic: 9.14
Skill: Factual Recall
Answer: D
Topic: 9.14
Skill: Factual Recall
Answer: E
Topic: 9.15
Skill: Conceptual Understanding
Answer: B
Topic: 9.16
Skill: Conceptual Understanding
41) Genes located close together on the same chromosomes are referred to as ________ genes and generally ________.
A) associated . . . sort independently during meiosis
B) linked . . . sort independently during meiosis
C) homologous . . . are inherited together
D) linked . . . do not sort independently during meiosis
E) codependent . . . do not sort independently during meiosis
Answer: D
Topic: 9.17
Skill: Conceptual Understanding
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Answer: B
Topic: 9.17
Skill: Factual Recall
43) You conduct a dihybrid cross and then testcross the generation. A ________ ratio would make you suspect that the
genes are linked.
A) 3:1
B) 1:2:1
C) 1:1:1:1
D) 7:7:1:1
E) 9:3:3:1
Answer: D
Topic: 9.17
Skill: Conceptual Understanding
44) Crossing over ________ genes into assortments of ________ not found in the parents.
A) recombines unlinked . . . genes
B) recombines linked . . . alleles
C) combines unlinked . . . alleles
D) combines linked . . . genes
E) recombines unlinked . . . chromosomes
Answer: B
Topic: 9.18
Skill: Factual Recall
45) The mechanism that "breaks" the linkage between linked genes is
A) incomplete dominance.
B) pleiotropy.
C) codominance.
D) independent assortment.
E) crossing over.
Answer: E
Topic: 9.18
Skill: Factual Recall
46) Which of the following kinds of data could be used to map the relative position of three genes on a chromosome?
A) the frequencies with which the genes exhibit incomplete dominance over each other
B) the frequencies of mutations in the genes
C) the frequencies with which the genes are inherited from the mother and from the father
D) the frequencies with which the genes are heterozygous
E) the frequencies with which the corresponding traits occur together in offspring
Answer: E
Topic: 9.19
Skill: Conceptual Understanding
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47) What is the normal complement of sex chromosomes in a human male?
A) two X chromosomes
B) two Y chromosomes
C) two X chromosomes and one Y chromosome
D) one X chromosome and one Y chromosome
E) one Y chromosome
Answer: D
Topic: 9.20
Skill: Factual Recall
Answer: C
Topic: 9.20
Skill: Application
Answer: A
Topic: 9.20
Skill: Conceptual Understanding
Answer: C
Topic: 9.20
Skill: Factual Recall
51) Given the sex determination system in bees, we can expect that
A) female bees will produce eggs by meiosis, while male bees will produce sperm by mitosis.
B) female bees will produce eggs by mitosis, while male bees will produce sperm by meiosis.
C) male and female bees will produce sperm and eggs by meiosis.
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D) male and female bees will produce sperm and eggs by mitosis.
E) female bees will produce eggs by meiosis, but male bees will not produce sperm.
Answer: A
Topic: 9.20
Skill: Application
52) What is meant by the statement that "male bees are fatherless"?
A) Male bees don't play a role in the rearing of bee young.
B) Male bees are produced by budding.
C) Male bees develop from fertilized eggs.
D) Male bees develop from unfertilized eggs.
E) The queen bee's mate dies before the male eggs hatch.
Answer: D
Topic: 9.20
Skill: Factual Recall
Answer: B
Topic: 9.21
Skill: Factual Recall
54) Recessive X-linked traits are more likely to be expressed in a male fruit fly than a female fruit fly because
A) males are haploid.
B) the male's SRY gene doubles the chances that sex-linked genes are expressed.
C) the male's phenotype results entirely from his single X-linked gene.
D) the male chromosome is more fragile than the female chromosome.
E) the male chromosome is more susceptible to mutations.
Answer: C
Topic: 9.21
Skill: Conceptual Understanding
55) A color-blind woman marries a man who is not color-blind. All of their sons, but none of their daughters, are color-
blind. Which of the following statements correctly explains these results?
A) The gene for color vision is incompletely dominant to the gene for sex determination.
B) The gene for color vision is completely dominant to the gene for sex determination.
C) The gene for color vision is codominant with the gene for sex determination.
D) The gene for color vision is linked to the X chromosome.
E) The gene for color vision is linked to the Y chromosome.
Answer: D
Topic: 9.22
13
Skill: Application
56) Sex-linked conditions are more common in men than in women because
A) men acquire two copies of the defective gene during fertilization.
B) men need to inherit only one copy of the recessive allele for the condition to be fully expressed.
C) women simply do not develop the disease regardless of their genetic composition.
D) the sex chromosomes are more active in men than in women.
E) the genes associated with the sex-linked conditions are linked to the Y chromosome, which determines maleness.
Answer: B
Topic: 9.22
Skill: Factual Recall
57) According to scientists, about what percentage of men currently living in Central Asia may be descended from the
Mongolian ruler Genghis Khan?
A) 4%
B) 8%
C) 12%
D) 25%
E) 40%
Answer: B
Topic: 9.23-Evolution Connection
Skill: Factual Recall
58) Female inheritance patterns cannot be analyzed by simply studying the X chromosome because
A) the X chromosome is too fragile for long-term analysis.
B) the X chromosome is too susceptible to mutations.
C) the X chromosome is obtained from both father and mother.
D) the X chromosome is too difficult to isolate from the other chromosomes.
E) the X chromosome is physically too large to analyze accurately.
Answer: C
Topic: 9.23-Evolution Connection
Skill: Conceptual Understanding
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Art Questions
1)
Answer: C
Topic: 9.3
Skill: Application
2)
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According to this figure, heterozygotes for this form of hypercholesterolemia suffer from the disease because they
A) produce an abnormally shaped LDL receptor.
B) don't produce any HDL receptors.
C) don't produce any LDL receptors.
D) produce too many LDL receptors.
E) don't produce enough LDL receptors.
Answer: E
Topic: 9.11
Skill: Application
Scenario Questions
After reading the following paragraph, answer the question(s) below.
A woman has been trying to conceive for several years, unsuccessfully. At a fertility clinic, they discover that she has
blocked fallopian tubes. Using modern technologies, some of her eggs are removed, fertilized with her husband's sperm,
and implanted into her uterus. The procedure is successful, but the couple discovers that their new son is color-blind and
has blood type O. The woman claims that the child can't be theirs since she has blood type A and her husband has type B.
Also, neither parent is color-blind, although one grandparent (the woman's father) is also color-blind.
Answer: B
Topic: 9.12
Skill: Application
2) In regard to the baby's color blindness, a sex-linked recessive trait, you explain that
A) color blindness often appears randomly, even if neither parent is color-blind.
B) the baby's father must have a recessive allele for color blindness.
C) since color blindness is sex-linked, a son can inherit color blindness if his mother has the recessive color blindness
allele.
D) the eggs must have been accidentally switched, since males inherit sex-linked traits only from their fathers.
E) since color blindness is recessive, both parents can pass it on, even if neither is color-blind.
Answer: C
Topic: 9.21
Skill: Conceptual Understanding
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