Defend 1
Defend 1
Defend 1
Pagadian City
In Partial Fulfillment
By:
Saplot, Lyzamae A.
The Problem
Introduction
Classroom management is the process by which teacher and schools create and maintain
management strategies is to enhance pro social behavior and increase student academic
engagement (Emmer et.al 2006). The aim of classroom management is twofold. The first is to
establish a quiet and calm environment in the classroom so that the students can take a part of
meaningful learning in a subject. The second aim is that classroom management contributes to
the student’s social and moral development. During an early phase, classroom management
focused on student’s behavior and discipline, and was rooted in a behaviorist understanding
(May Britt Posthain, 2013). Effective classroom management is obviously linked to teacher’s
ability to set appropriate tone and gain learner respect and cooperation in class (William et.al
1997).
Teacher’s classroom management is the process of teacher use to ensuring that classroom
lessons run smoothly without disruptive behavior from students comprising the delivery
instruction. Classroom management refers to the wide variety of skills and techniques that
teachers use to keep students organized, orderly, focused, attentive on task, and academically
productive during class. Behavior problems in a classroom increase the stress levels for both the
teacher and students, disrupt the flow of lessons and conflict with both learning objective and the
processes of learning. They also change the classroom dynamic as the focus of attention shift
from the academic task at hand to the distraction provided by disruptive behaviors. Teacher’s
classroom management practices are the connection, personality traits, teaching skills,
On the other hand, student's behavior reflects the interaction of their temperament and
inherited personality, the history of their experiences, and the particular nature of each situation.
(Deepa Joshi et.al). Many times classroom conditions or activities if changed or modifies can
influence the frequency or insety of problem behaviors. If the teachers understands the
behavioral hot spots in the classroom in terms of timing, setting, and instructional activities, they
can proactively develop class wide and individual student strategies. There is no one cause of
classroom disruptions, so the resources here are intentionally broad in scope. Students may be
acting out of frustration, boredom, mental health issues, or a variety of other impulses, and their
personal lives as much as they do in the classroom environment. It is important to keep this
potential variety in mind, as much as is possible, when addressing issues of disruptive behavior.
conduct on college premises or at college-sponsored activities which interferes with the activities
Examples of disruptive behaviour are: making physical or verbal threats, making loud and
distracting noises, answering cell phones or allowing electronic devices to beep, exhibiting
erratic, irrational behaviour, persisting in speaking without being recognized, repeatedly entering
and leaving a room without authorization and acting in a manner which disrupts a class or
administrative process.
Hence, it is for this reason that this researcher are encouraged to explore teacher’s
classroom management practices as perceived by students and correlate this to the students’
Theoretical Framework
John Dewey (1916) believed that classroom management should be guided by democratic
practices with consequences and offered the theory of experience through trial learning. Dewey
believed that children were capable of learning, behaving, cooperatively, sharing with others and
caring for one another with the teacher as a facilitator. He believed that instructional
management included a natural approach involving direction and guidance and that behavior
management included the sequential behavior development of students. Many teachers practice
The next one is Edward Ford (1994) Responsible Thinking Process (RTP) if properly
used, is designed to teach educator how to teach students to develop a sense of responsibility for
their own lives and to respect the lives of everyone around them. This unique classroom
teaching students how to think through what they are doing in relation to the rules of wherever
they are. This gives students personal accountability for their actions. The key components of
this classroom discipline process is its focus on how students can achieve their goals without
getting in the way of others who are trying to do the same thing. In short, it teaches students how
to respect others.
A teacher who is positive and upbeat is less likely to have students who share out their
misbehaviors than those teachers who stick the script and don’t go above and beyond. “Within
the walls of our schools, administrators and teachers alike to deal with instructional pressure,
behavioral issues, and evolving the world of learning”. Many schools are implementing school-
wide behavior model to reduce problem. If the students are able to manage and control their
behaviors, then they will be able to perform better in the classroom. (Reno et.al 2017, p. 423)
Conceptual Framework
This study will look into the case of Senior High of West Prime Horizon Institute Inc.
about the classroom management and simultaneously correlate it with the students’ behavior.
Figure 1 below indicates the research diagram of the study. As Shown, there are two
variables involved, the independent and dependent variables. The independent variable refers to
the classroom management. Data from this variable came from the perspectives of both teacher
and students. On the other hand, the dependent variable is the students’ behavior. Data for this
variable will be from the students’ behavior which include the following indicators. Data from
the two important variables will be tested for correlational relationship. The result of the analysis
will guide the researcher to formulate pedagogical implications related to teachers’ classroom
connection, personality traits, teaching skills, and instructional materials. The student’s
Connection
Personality Traits Student’s Classroom Behavior
Teaching Skills
Instructional Materials Interest
Self-discipline
Participation
Pedagogical Implications
Figure 1. Schematic Diagram of the study
From the perspectives of teachers and students in senior high of West Prime Horizon
Institute Inc. this study will examine the different classroom management and will try to
correlate these to their students’ achievement. Specifically, this will seek to answer the following
questions:
1. What is the extent of the teachers classroom management factors in terms of:
1.1 Connection
2. What is the extent of student’s behavior as evaluated by the teachers in terms of:
2.1 Interest
2.2 Self-discipline
2.3 Participation
Behavior?
Hypothesis
The following hypothesis will be tested at 0.05 level of significance:
Ha. There is a significant relationship between the teachers classroom management practices and
students behavior
This study is focused on Teachers’ Classroom Management and Students Behavior. The
conduct of this study is limited to Senior High of West Prime Horizon Institute Inc.in San
Francisco Pagadian City. It was done during the SY 2022-2023. The teacher- participants were
limited to the teachers from Senior High. The students-participants were limited only for the
senior high.
The source of the student’s behavior will be taken from the teachers evaluation.
Determining the factors of teachers classroom management and students behavior of senior high
students in West Prime was the focus of this research. The information needed will be gathered
using a questionnaire. All the information and conclusions drawn from this study were obtained
The result of the study will give significance to the following individuals:
Students. This study will help the students to be aware on how their teachers manage their
Parents. The findings of this study will help them to become more aware of their children. This
may also facilitate them to understand that educating their children will be better, if they work
Future Researcher. This study may also serve as a guide and reference for the other researchers
who would be interested in studying baseline information in the conduct of future similar study.
School Administrator. This study could give them insights help the teacher in managing the
DEPED Officials. This study could provide them with baseline data relative to private school
Definition of Terms
The following term are operationally defined as they are used in this study;
Students Behavior. In this study this refers to the senior high students of West Prime Horizon
Connection. This refers to the relationship between senior high teachers and students of West
Prime .
Discipline. This refers on how the students act in the classroom/school.
apartment_management_system
CHAPTER II
This chapter presents the related readings and findings which could rely, support the data to
It is the process by which teacher and schools create and maintain appropriate behavior of
to enhance pro social behavior and increase student academic engagement (Emmer and Sabornie,
2015; Everstone and Weinstein, 2006). Effective classroom management is obviously linked to
teacher's ability to set appropriate tone and gain learner respect and cooperation in class (William
management has typically focused on the identification of individual practices that have some
level of evidence to support their adoption within classrooms. These practices are then combined
under the assumption that, if individual practices are effective, combining these practices into a
Teachers who employ practices associated with positive behavior intervention and support
(e.g., provide opportunities to respond, behavior specific praise, and pre-corrections) create
multimedia-based intervention called Content Acquisition Podcasts for Teachers with Embedded
Modeling Video (CAP-TV) on high school teachers' implementation of these practices. Direct
observations showed that teachers who participated in the CAP-TV condition used significantly
more of the practices than those in the control condition and their students were significantly
more engaged during class sessions. These findings indicate that multimedia strategies can be
used to provide professional development that will help teachers adopt effective teaching
Sebastian James and Reinke Windy (2019) mentioned, that there is growing evidence base
varies due to a number of factors. A school's organizational health is one aspect of the broader
social environment that has been hypothesized to influence implementation of interventions. Yet,
outcomes.
Effective classroom management practices have been associated with students' behavioral
and academic outcomes, but some questions have been raised regarding the degree to which
current classroom management strategies are responsive to the backgrounds of students of color
have emerged, but little attention has been given to systematically measuring and examining
management. The current study used a person-centered approach with data from 103 middle-
responsiveness, co-occur in teacher practice, and how profiles of practices are associated with
teacher and classroom characteristics and student behaviors. The latent profile analysis revealed
three ordered profiles of classroom management practices (i.e., high, medium, low), suggesting
strategies. Results also demonstrated that White students were more likely to be in classrooms
with high levels of classroom management, and that students in classrooms with low levels of
classroom management were more likely to demonstrate elevated levels of negative behaviors.
development on a range of classroom management techniques, while all teachers could improve
their practices reflecting meaningful participation and cultural responsiveness (Gaia's et al.,
2019)
identity with implications for their teaching quality. Theoretically, it has been described that
contextual variables play an important role for self-efficacy development and its consequences
(Lazarides et al., 2020). Classroom management self-efficacy has been defined as teachers'
judgments of their capability to successfully perform classroom management tasks in the face of
difficulties, for example, by interacting with individuals and groups, setting classroom
guidelines, expectations and rules, and controlling disruptive behavior (Pfitzner-Eden, Thiel, &
Horsley, 2015; Tschannen-Moran & Woolfolk Hoy, 2001). Empirical studies show that teachers
who feel confident in their abilities to manage classrooms report fewer classroom disturbances
Student's Behavior
Student's behavior reflects the interaction of their temperament and inherited personality,
the history of their experiences, and the particular nature of each situation (Deepa et.al, 2012). If
the teachers understands the behavioral hot spots in the classroom in terms of timing, setting and
instructional activities, they can proactively develop class wide and individual student strategies.
According to Porter (2020), Behaviour management in the classroom and schoolyard is one
of the most challenging aspects of teaching. Student Behaviour offers a comprehensive overview
of the major theories of behaviour management in primary and secondary schools, illustrated
with detailed case studies. Porter outlines how teachers can develop a personal approach to
approaches to discipline to assist students in achieving educational and social goals. Porter also
shows how to enhance students' motivation and help students become confident and independent
learners.
Student misbehavior is a source of worry for all school stakeholders (Gutuza &Mapolisa,
2015; Marals and Meier, 2010; Ramjanally, 2015). It is a mutifaceted and complex school
problem that is manifested in various forms (Ali, Dada, Isiaka & Salmon 2014). The various
common forms of student misbehavior are late coming, bunking classes, drug and alcoholic
abuse, bullyin, love affairs, vandalism, assault on the school prefects, insult on educators,
wearing the wrong school uniform, use of the mobile phone, smoking, writing or using foul
language in class, work not done, class disruption and immoral acts (Gutuza & Mapolisa, 2015;
Ghazi, Gulap, Muhammad & Khan, 2013; Ngwokabuenui, 2015; Jeeroburkhan, however, is
Both faculty and students at many colleges and universities report numerous incidents of
disruptive and uncivil behaviour. However, studies show that faculty are often reluctant to
confront these situations, or they feel ill-equipped to intervene. If the behaviour escalates, a
disproportionate amount of time and effort can be spent trying to manage a volatile classroom
environment, generating a negative experience for both faculty and students. This article presents
strategies for preventing and managing disruptive behaviour in the college classroom. Drawing
from theory and research in communication and group dynamics, specific methods for
METHODOLOGY
This chapter presents the research methodology to be utilized in this study. They are
composed of the research design, the research environment, the sampling design, the research
participants/respondents, the research instruments, the data-gathering procedure and the data
analysis sections.
Research Design
This study is a descriptive quantitative study that employs survey to gather the data and
used correlational analysis to investigate the possible relationship between teachers classroom
management practices and students' behavior for the perspective of students and teachers
Descriptive research is designed to provide a snapshot of the current state of affairs while
research design investigates relationship between the two variables without the researcher
controlling or manipulating any of them. A correlation reflects the strength and/or direction of
Moreover, this research also employed structured interview to triangulate with result from
the numerical data and to be more plausible and reliable in the presentation of the analysis.
Research Environment
This study will conducted in HUMSS 12, Senior High School in West Prime Horizon
Institute Inc.
The school of West Prime Horizon Institute Inc. is located at San Francisco, Pagadian City.
The number of HUMSS student enrolled in the SY 2022-2023 is around 158. The student-
participants where chosen from HUMSS 12 in Senior High School of West Prime Horizon
Institute Inc. because the researcher wants to know what are the behavior of these students and
Sampling Design
Both teacher and student participants sampling followed a simple random sampling via fish-
bowl method. After determining the teacher-participlants' total population of thirteen the
researcher used random sampling design to select the actual participants. This sampling design
determines the number of respondents who would participate in the research instead of the
margin of error. The computation yielded # participants based on the proposed effect size in
regards to magnitude and variance. The thirteen teacher participants were distributively taken
from the HUMSS. The sampling for student-participants also followed the same method. Forty
Research Participants
The researcher sampled thirteen (13) teachers who handle HUMSS 12 and forty (40)
The study also utilized thirteen (13) teachers and 40 students in HUMSS 12 block .
Cooperation of the respondents was highly recommended in conducting this study so that data be
completely and documented. The following were the teacher and student participants of the
study.
chapter.
Research Instruments
validated by Diaz,C., Gonzales, G., Jara. Ramirez, L.y Munoz-Parra, J. (2018) was adopted and
modified as instrument for data collection. The TCMPQ comprises 25 items with 5 factors. The
items of the factors were check as Rarely (R), Sometimes (S), Often (O), and Usually (U).
The content validity of the TCMPQ were ensured through the help of expert and
practitioner consultation. The researcher adviser and the Thesis 1 instructor helped in the item
The five scales were combined to demonstrate higher level of reliability (a=.88) with factor-
wise reliabilities ranged between .70 and .76. Exploratory factor analysis determined the
goodness of fit as Bartlett's test of sphericity, X=10264.54, df=325, p=.000, and a Kaiser-Meyer-
Confirmatory factor analysis revealed that the measurement model fitted the data well: Chi-
square index fit with X=899.65, p=0.0, Root Mean Square Residual (SRMR)=.02, Goodness of
Fit Index (GFI) =.98, Comparative Fit Index (CFI) =.98, and Root Mean-Square Error of
The researcher commenced the gathering of data after the Thesis Panel gave the approval of
the Thesis Proposal. The researcher asked for permission from the Adviser of HUMSS 12 A for
the target students. Upon approval, the researcher scheduled appointments to arrange for the
actual survey to give enough time for the target participants to reflect and to ensure a more
accurate and quality information. Prior to the distribution of instruments, participants were
briefed of their rights and privileges. They were asked to sign an informed consent for teachers
and assent for students. For documentation purposes, video camera and questionnaires were used
with the permission of the participants. Different schedules were followed for each group of
participants. Unfortunately, the questionnaires retrieved and collected by the researcher in a very
delayed schedule. The reason being that the teachers have to attend to their primary functions
The gathered data were consolidated, tabulated, analyzed, and interpreted using statistical
Data Analysis
In order to answer the research question, the data from the questionnaires and demographic
information were analyzed with the aid of statistical analysis software (SPSS).
The data for teachers classroom management practices were calculated by examining the
frequency with which each strategy was used. A Chi-square test was employed to see if any
strategies were used significantly more than others. The relationship between teachers classroom
management practices and student's behavior was anlayzed by using Crosstabs with a Chi-Square
test to assess the frequency of strategies teachers used. The teachers' dominant classroom
management practices, as perceived by students, was examined by using a Chi-Square test on the
perceived teachers classroom management practices data. The test was used to see if students
perceive their teacher's classroom management practices similarly or differently and to reveal
the most frequently perceived teachers classroom management practices. And also the students
For the research question whether a relationship exists between senior high school students
Crosstabs with a Chi-Square test was used to determine whether there is a significant relationship
Appendix A
REFERENCES
https://academicjournals.org/journal/ERR/article-full-text-
pdf/276F3D354773academicjournals.org/ERR
Karima Sayari, et Al. (2017) “Assessing the Relationship of Time Management and
Shazia Nasrullah, et Al. (2015) “The Impact of Time Management on the Students’
Academic Achievements”
Achievement”
research anxiety”
Appendix B
Request Letter
January 6, 2023
Pagadian City
Ma'am:
Greetings of peace!
With our Technology Research study entitled Teachers Classroom Management Practices and
Students Behavior of Senior High School students in West Prime Horizon Institute, Inc. We, the
researchers, would like to ask permission to your good classroom to gather our data,
respectively, for the respondents’ the Humss block B students and also the adviser.
Rest assured that there shall be utmost observance as to the confidentiality of said data, and that
that they shall be used solely for the purpose of conducting the research.
Thank you!
Respectfully yours,
The Researchers:
Saplot, Lyzamae A.
Sotomayor, Maria Nicole A.
Noted by:
Humss B Adviser
Appendix C
Questionnaires
Questionnaire for Teachers Classroom Management sources from Diaz,C., Gonzales, G.,
Instructions:
We would like to know how often you use the following techniques for managing your
classroom. Check the option that best applies to you, taking into account that:
Discipline Dimension
Item Inside the R S O U
Classroom
1 2 3 4
I involve
students in
establishing
rules and
procedures
I make students
aware of
consequences
for misbehavior
(e.g. loss of
break time,
extra classroom
time).
I redirect
inappropriate
behavior on the
voice.
I ignore
misbehavior
that is non-
disruptive to
class.
I use self-
assessment
forms for
students to
evaluate their
own behavior
(e.g.
checklists).
Item Organization R S O U
of the Lesson
1 2 3 4
I take into
account
different
learning styles
when preparing
the lesson.
the learning
goals are
clearly stated
for students to
understand
them (e.g.
displaying them
on the board,
loud).
I create extra
activities for
students to
have completed
advanced
students as
assistants to
help weaker
learners in the
competition of
their tasks.
I establish
routines for
group work
when needed..
Item Interaction R S O U
during the
1 2 3 4
lesson
I use body
language to make
instructions
understandable.
I respond to
students' answers
using verbal
praising (e.g.
"Brilliant!",
"Great!", "Nice
job!").
I keep English
(e.g. trying to
pronounce every
appropriate
pacing according
to student's
English level).
I give students
instructions on
how to report
their completed
work.
I monitor
student's work
spending equal
amount of time
in all quadrants
of the classroom.
Personal Dimension
Item Teacher-student R S O U
personal
1 2 3 4
communication
I interest with
students as
individuals.
expression in
students.
I attempt to be
"The Teacher" to
I am approachable.
I praise individual
accomplishments
and important
events in student's
lives.
Item Psychological R S O U
and social
1 2 3 4
classroom
environment
I encourage
students to be
respectful one
another.
I promote
positive social
values (e.g.
helping,
sharing, being
patient).
I help students
to develop their
ability to make
decisions by
themselves.
I encourage
students to
reach an
agreement
through
conversations
to resolve any
issue.
I promote
students'
responsibility
in my
classroom
practice..
Questionnaire for Students Behavior sources from Chino when it was founded in 1860.
https://www.chino.k12.ca.us/cms/lib/CA01902308/Centricity/Domain/730/Teacher Student
Behavior QuestionnaireExtended.pdf.
Disagree Agree
2 3 4
1 5
Aggressive
toward others
Deficient /Argues
Disturbs others
Fidgets/difficulty
Impulsive
Shouts/Screams
Disagree Agree
2 3 4
1 5
Daydreams
Gets lost in
thoughts
Feels worthless
Fearful, worried
Lethargic/Fall
asleep
Unmotivated
Unhappy, sad
Withdrawn
Thoughts of
harming self
Disagree Agree
2 3 4
1 5
Acts young for
age
Complains of
loneliness
Gets teased or
bullied
Doesn't get
Difficulty
making friends
Shy or timid
Disagree Agree
2 3 4
1 5
Cruelty,
bullying
Mean to others
Sexualized
behaviors
Steal things.
Appendix E
Curriculum Vitae
Personal Information
Age: 21
Gender: Female
Citizenship: Filipino
Occupation: Housewife
School
Inc.
Course: Bachelor of Technical and Vocational Teacher Education major in Computer Hardware
Servicing
Personal Information
Age: 22
Gender: Female
Status: Single
Citizenship: Filipino
Religion: Catholic
Occupation: Fisherman
Attainment Graduated
Course: Bachelor of Technical and Vocational Teacher Education major in Computer Hardware
Servicing
Personal Information
Age: 20
Gender: Female
Status: Single
Citizenship: Filipino
Religion: Catholic
Occupation: Deceased
Occupation: Housewife
Attainment Graduated
School
Course: Bachelor of Technical and Vocational Teacher Education major in Computer Hardware
Servicing
Personal Information
Age: 22
Gender: Female
Status: Single
Citizenship: Filipino
Religion: Catholic
Occupation: Farmer
Occupation: Housekeeping
Attainment Graduated
Course: Bachelor of Technical and Vocational Teacher Education major in Computer Hardware
Servicing
Personal Information
Age: 25
Gender: Female
Status: Single
Citizenship: Filipino
Religion: Catholic
Occupation: Farmer
Occupation: Housewife
Education School Name Year
Attainment Graduated
Course: Bachelor of Technical and Vocational Teacher Education major in Computer Hardware
Servicing