Chapter 1 4 With CV
Chapter 1 4 With CV
Chapter 1 4 With CV
Chapter 1
Introduction
edition (DSM-5), autism spectrum disorder is one of the most common co-occurring
significant amount of time, energy, and emotional strength. But for parents of autism
spectrum disorder children, the challenge is doubled. Having to care for a child with
special needs is quite demanding and stressful for families, especially for the parents
(Akturk & Aylaz, 2017). Also, parents of children with intellectual and developmental
disabilities face further adversity in coping with additional financial and emotional
burdens (Machalicek et al., 2015). Parenting the children is stressful, and taking care of a
child with special needs is often more so. Negative emotions are normal. Indeed, the
transition to adolescence generated anxiety for all mothers regardless of the child's age.
Moreover, uncertainty about the child's education, career, living conditions, and
Also, to meet the needs of a child with ASD, some family members, particularly mothers,
Parents with children who are diagnosed with ASD may experience difficulty in
accessing services for proper assessment which causes them to be stressed, and have
anxiety, depression, and somatic complaints (Lovelace et al., 2018). Moreover, the rise of
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PARENTS IN RAISING THEIR CHILD WITH AUTISM
children diagnosed with autism every year causes an increase in parents who experience
stress due to the uncertainty about their children's future. It was stated by Ventola and
provider, some kids may have their diagnoses delayed or not confirmed. According to the
are more likely to recommend a child for a diagnosis if they come from higher-income
families since they tend to be more accepting of mental health conditions (Houtrow, et
al., 2014). This suggests that families who have limited means may find it more stressful
to meet the additional financial, emotional, and social demands of parenting a kid with
In light of this, the focus of this research was on emphasizing the various
context of the Philippines. Furthermore, it will reveal more details regarding the degree of
care that these parents give to raising their child with ASD, including particular
difficulties and their methods for overcoming them. The theoretical significance of this
topic is to formally comprehend how changes within the family structure throughout time
affect families.
Previous studies revealed that mothers of children with ASD reported elevated
problems in various areas of family life, including marital and sibling relationships and
the parents and how they raised autistic children depend on a variety of factors, including
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PARENTS IN RAISING THEIR CHILD WITH AUTISM
a person's race, sex, ethnicity, and marital status (CDC, 2018). It is important to examine
the difficulties faced by parents of autistic children and their encounters with social and
behavioral deficiencies (Davis, 2018). Amid these struggles and emotional turmoil, some
parents have emerged stronger by employing adaptive coping and protective resources
like religiosity, spirituality, hope, optimism and social support (Dey et al., 2019).
Moreover, this research may provide techniques for parents to strengthen their
bonds with their children and by using coping mechanisms, caregivers may manage the
persistent symptoms of the diagnosis and talk about healthy methods to deal with
challenges with their ASD children. It is critical to talk about parents' coping techniques
and any potential problematic parenting habits related to the stress of raising a child on
the spectrum, even when they are aware of the social and behavioral deficiencies of their
According to Folkman and Lazarus (as cited in Minchekar, 2017), most coping
strategies fall into three broad categories. First category is problem-focused coping
strategy, used to tackle the problem directly. Problem-focused coping strategies are
similar to strategies used to solve problems. These strategies are often directed at defining
their costs and benefits and then taking actions. Problem focused strategies aim to remove
or reduce the causes of stress rather than its effects. These strategies include mainly
taking control of stressful situations by changing the relationship between us and the
sources of stress, as well as gathering the information. In the study of Tremolada (2022),
the parents adapted problem-oriented strategies for coping with their children’s condition.
Meanwhile, the study of Al-Oran et al. (2022) mentioned that previous studies showed
4
PARENTS IN RAISING THEIR CHILD WITH AUTISM
coping strategy is used to handle feelings of distress, rather than the actual problem.
values in negative events and acceptance. Emotion - focused strategies mainly focus on
changing thoughts and feelings about the stressors. These strategies are used where the
stressors are perceived as extremely threatening and uncontrollable, and when the source
of stress is unclear or there is a lack of knowledge about how to solve or tackle the
denying its existence, or losing hope. Parents may engage in avoidance of the issue or
focus on the positive experiences (Beighton & Wills, 2017). Research suggests that
parents do manage to cope and cope successfully with autism in certain circumstances.
According to Lampinen et al. (as cited in Balubaid & Sahab, 2017), parents who take part
stress and poor parenting habits are brought on by some of the signs of autism, such as
impairments and encounter challenges when they spend time with them. These symptoms
have a big impact on how parents relate to their children. There are significant variations
in how some parents demonstrate their resilience and how they manage the psychological
pain that comes with raising a child on the spectrum (DaPaz et al., 2018).
Previous studies have examined the difficulties faced by parents of children with
5
PARENTS IN RAISING THEIR CHILD WITH AUTISM
ASD, but they have not specifically addressed the contextual factors related to parenting
children on the spectrum or the wide range of parental experiences (Del Bianco et al.,
2018). The researchers conducted this study to emphasize the experiences of filipino
parents and bring awareness in the community of Binalonan, Pangasinan wherein the
researchers have observed the lack of inclusive education or affordable assessment and
treatment centers for children with disabilities, which can help with the parents in raising
their child and have better understanding about their child’s physical, emotional and
what the parents of a child with autism go through physically, socially, financially and
psychologically and their coping mechanisms while they are raising their child for the
Theoretical Framework
The theories used in this study are: (1) The theory of Symbolic Interactionism, (2)
Family Resilience Theory, and (3) Ecological Systems Theory is used in this study.
Symbolic Interactionism
situations that are assigned a category within that context, interaction with others create
meaning, and meanings are continually created and revised based on social interaction
(Carter & Fuller, 2016). Symbolic Interactionism requires primary data from the social
entities in the natural world. The collected data is summarized and categorized in an
The Theory of Family Resilience Theory by Walsh (2016), explains how the
family deals with the adversity within the family unit. Mapsee (2022) mentioned that the
experience when their children are diagnosed with ASD and ways to combat stress
related to their child’s diagnosis. Moreover, Yaacob et al. (2022) used this theory as a
having ASD in Northeast Malaysia. This theory helps to explain one’s ability to recover
or adjust or even triumph over life-related stressors and changes. Additionally, the
researchers use the term resilience to refer to capabilities or desirable outcomes in the
(Masten, 2018).
in which parents raise their children with ASD. It considers the influence of various
systems on the experiences of parents from the microsystem or the family, to the
macrosystem or societal attitudes and policies. According to Begum et al. (as cited in
7
PARENTS IN RAISING THEIR CHILD WITH AUTISM
Saha, 2021), every behavior and attitude has an impact of micro to a macro system, for
to Algood et al. (as cited in Saha, 2021), individuals move through a series of life
transitions, all of which demand environmental support and coping skills, so social issues
involving parenting children with disabilities, family relations, income, health issues,
education, and so on can be subsumed under the ecological model that helps to access
factors relevant with these issues. The Ecology systems theory is applicable in
community and multicultural psychology research. It has been used to understand the
problem of people and develop treatments for those problems within their cultural context
method utilized in this study. By applying the IPO model to figure out the study's inputs,
draw the visual illustration, describe the research process, and state the research output by
identifying the research's expectations as well as the expected outcomes. The categories
of input, process, and output, have proven useful in guiding research design. The first part
The research study aims to explore the experience of Filipino parents in raising
Emotional problems such as denial, sadness, and worry. Financial problems such as loss
of income and costly medical treatment. Social problems like social isolation and
ignorance from their relatives. Psychological problems such as stress and anxiety.
2. They are affected physically by experiencing gain or loss in weight, and health
issues. Financially by reduced income, and financial strains. Emotionally by guilt, and
Definition of Terms
Child with Autism. This refers to a young person especially between infancy and
puberty, or below at the age of 18 who are diagnosed with Autism Spectrum
Disorder.
Exploring. This pertains to looking or searching for unfamiliar things and discovering
something.
Filipino Parents. This refers to the biological or adoptive father and mother of the
Coping Mechanism. This refers to the strategies used in the face of stress to help
Chapter 2
Methodology
Research Design
in-depth insights into a problem or generate new ideas for research (Bhandari, 2020). It is
experience, recognizing the need to account for the influence of the researcher on the data
collection and analytical process (Langdridge, 2014). According to Gasparyan (as cited in
Alhazmi and Kuffman, 2022), phenomenology hold view that human beings extract
The participants of the study are the parents of children with ASD. The sampling
technique that will be used in the study is purposive sampling. Ten (10) respondents will
be chosen from Binalonan, Pangasinan. The primary source of data for the researchers is
the one-on-one, semi- structured interview from the ten (10) parents who have a child
with ASD. The respondents were chosen and selected based on the parameters specified
11
PARENTS IN RAISING THEIR CHILD WITH AUTISM
in the criteria that target respondents must be: (1) Filipino citizens, (2) Parents who have
a child with ASD, (3) Must be able to speak and understand English or Tagalog, and (4)
The instruments that were utilized in this study are the questionnaires and semi-
explored by the interviewer (Pharm, 2014). The semi-structured interview guide used
includes the interview questions that answers the experience of the parents in raising their
child with autism, how it affected them, as well as the coping mechanisms they used in
dealing with their stress. The interview guide questions were validated by two (2)
The researchers began this study by obtaining formal permission from the
research adviser to conduct the study entitled “Exploring the Experience of Filipino
Parents in Raising their Children with Autism”. Next, the researchers formulated semi-
structured interview guide questions that were validated by the two (2) Guidance
Counselor and one (1) Psychometricians. After that, the researchers went to the North
Central School which offers Special Education for Children. Then, the researchers
inquired about their students with special needs, specifically to children with ASD. After
ensuring the availability of target samples, the researchers asked permission to conduct
the interview.
Next, the researchers worked together with the SPED coordinator and teachers
12
PARENTS IN RAISING THEIR CHILD WITH AUTISM
about the available parents willing to be interviewed. The researchers were told to wait
until the available parents came. When the parents arrived, the researchers greeted the
parents and built rapport before starting to actually conduct the data gathering. Then, the
permission to participate in the study. The researchers also discussed the contents of the
Then, to collect the data needed to answer the problem statements of the study,
the researchers used the interview instruments which is the formulated semi-structured
interview guide validated by two (2) Guidance Counselor and (1) one Psychometrician,
the tape recordings of the people who gave their permission to be interviewed and by the
researchers. Data was gathered by reading the guide questions to the respondents.
To keep their answers, the researchers collected all the papers where the
summarized answers of the respondents were jotted down and with their permission, tape
recorded the interview. At the end of the interview, the researchers debriefed the
information about the study and allowed the respondents to ask about their requests and
concerns about their data. The researchers also gave a token to show appreciation to the
respondents for their time to participate in this study. Lastly, all the answers from the
Treatment of Data
Thematic Analysis was used to analyze the data gathered from the interview.
Thematic Analysis unfolds and provides patterns identified through codes, categories,
and themes which assign the meaning of the experiences (Saldana, 2015). Thematic
Analysis is a method that has become a widely used tool for analyzing qualitative data
13
PARENTS IN RAISING THEIR CHILD WITH AUTISM
The researchers started the analysis of data by listening to the recorded audio of
the interview and listing down their answer for each question. Next, the researchers
created a table that compiled all the answers of the respondents that answers the first
statement of the problem. Then, the researchers compiled the words or phrases that
describe the idea of each of their responses and wrote it in the codes column of the table.
After that, the researchers counted the frequency of how many times the word was
repeated. The word with the most count became the first theme. The left ideas were
compiled as the subtheme. Same process was made in the second and third statement of
the problem.
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PARENTS IN RAISING THEIR CHILD WITH AUTISM
Chapter 3
This chapter interprets, presents and analyzes the data of the study. The research
study aimed to explore the experiences of Filipino parents in raising their child with
The researchers gathered data from ten (10) parents who have a child with autism
interviews to collect relevant information from the respondents. The researchers used
Theme 1: Kulang
Theme 1 presents the experience encountered by the respondents. Seven out of ten
respondents have experienced financial instability in raising their child with autism.
R1: “Mahirap, kasi walang pera, nakakatanggap siya ng isang libo gano’n sa gobyerno
R2: “Syempre unang-una pera kulang kasi ako lang naghahanap buhay tapos dalawa
R4: “Kahit sabihin kong may trabaho ‘yong asawa ko, kinukulang pa rin kami gaya
nitong anak ko, magte-therapy siya. Imbis sana na 2 or 3 times a week, hiningi muna
namin, once a week. Medyo kulang talaga kami sa budget kasi isa lang ‘yong
R5: “Kinukulang no’ng bata pa ‘yong anak ko kasi hindi pa naman ako napo-promote.
Tapos noong na-promote na, nagging stable naman. Napo-provide naman ‘yong mga
kailangan.”
R6: “Nag-resign na ako sa trabaho kasi walang mag aalaga sa anak ko eh, kailangan ng
R9: “Nung dati nagproblema din ako kung saan ako kukuha [ng pera].”
R10: “Very expensive, high maintenance po siya, one hour speech therapy is one
thousand(php), 6-8 years ago one hour SPED is 350(php) and occupational therapy is
450(php) per hour, its three thousand(php) a week, another one is the most expensive one
and it is medication kasi hindi siya basta basta pag naospital ang bill ay 50,000(php),
nung umpisa ang hirap pero I have a very supportive circle of family and friends, diretso
yung flow, yung supply niya ng pagkain may nagshoshoulder, everytime na maoospital
siya hindi lang ako yung nagshoshoulder they are very generous, hindi siya problema
when it comes to maintaining him, although he is very expensive because he does not eat
normal food kasi sa kanya nuggets lang hot dog lang kasi may pinipili siyang brand kasi
pag binigyan mo siya ng ibang brand ayaw niya kaya mahal and everyday meron siyang
Jollibee or Mcdonalds.”
This shows that the majority of the parents face financial difficulties, which
supports the suggestion of Kerns et al. (2017) that families who have limited means may
find it more stressful to meet the additional financial demands of parenting a kid with
ASD. Moreover, some family members give up their jobs to meet the needs of a child
Subtheme 1: Sapat
Subtheme 1 presents the respondents who did not experience financial difficulties.
Three out of the ten respondents stated that they are able to provide for their child's needs.
R7: “Kasi yung anak ko picky ang mga gusto niya lang is mga hotdog, itlog ganun, pero
yung mga sabaw okay namn, hindi ko alam kung paano ko siya iaano (ihandle) sa
pagkain.”
This indicates that only few of the respondents experience financial difficulties.
This contradicts the study of Morris (2014) that some family members give up their job
or reduce their working hours to meet the needs of their child with ASD.
Theme 2 presents how the experience in raising a child with autism affects the
respondents. Eight of the respondents have answered that while raising their child with
autism. They were affected and experienced negative emotions such as stress, anxiety,
R1: “Nag-woworry.”
R3: “Nai-stress kasi pasaway. Kasi kung anong gusto nya, yun ang gusto nya pa rin. Sya
R5: “Nai-stress ako. Nagwo-worry ako para sa future ng anak ko. Kaya binibilin ko na
R7: “Nakakastress din minsan kasi hindi namin alam kung ano nararamdaman niya kasi
R9: “Nai-stress dati nung maliit pa siya kasi kapag nag ta-tantrums siya kailangan mo
R10: “Wondered of course paano pag namatay ako what will happen to my son yun yung
mga pinaka-worry ko, gusto kong maturoan siya bago ako malagotan ng hininga, it’s
This supports the statement of Ventola and colleagues (2017) that parents
experience stress due to the uncertainty about their children's future. Moreover,
uncertainty about the child's education, career, living conditions, and adaptation to
Subtheme 1: Unaffected
Subtheme 1 presents the two respondents who were not psychologically affected.
This indicates that only few of the respondents were affected in raising their child
with autism. This contradicts the study of Akturk and Aylaz (2017) that having to care for
a child with special needs is quite demanding and stressful for families, especially for the
parents.
Theme 3: Avoidant
Theme 3 presents how the respondents used coping mechanisms to cope with
mental stress. Eight out of ten respondents used an avoidant coping strategy when they
R1: “Nadadaan-daanan ko lang dito sa trabaho sa bahay, naghuhugas, nag lilinis pag
R2: “Syempre yun nga yung sinabi ko sainyo, mag libang libang ka, maki chismis ka,
manuod ng nakakatawa”
R3: “Dinadaan sa kanta at sayaw para hindi naming mapalo. Gumagaan yung loob
R4: “Wala, sa bahay lang. Nakikipaglaro sa mga anak. Parang doon na lang umiikot.
Tatagan na lang ng loob. Hindi ako mahilig magsabi ng sama ng loob. Sakin na lang.
R5: “Nagba-bike.”
R6: “Nag eexercise para mawala, basketball, magba-bike ako sa bayan, magwalis walis
sa bahay.”
R8: “I self-manage. Diyan ako magaling eh. Tapos cross stitching, nakikinig ng music,
Research suggests that parents do manage to cope and cope successfully with
autism in certain circumstances. Parents may engage in avoidance of the issue or focus on
the positive experiences (Beighton & Wills, 2017). Moreover, according to Lampinen et
al. (as cited in Balubaid & Sahab, 2017), parents who take part in social and leisure
Subtheme 1: Prayer
Subtheme 1 shows that one out of the ten respondents used prayer as her coping
This indicates that although the majority of the parents are use avoidance as their
coping mechanism some parents also resort to adaptive coping where in according to
Dey et al., (2019), Amid the struggles and emotional turmoil, some parents have
emerged stronger by employing adaptive coping and protective resources like religiosity,
Subtheme 2 shows that one out of the ten respondents did not have coping
The respondent stated that she has no coping mechanism because she was not
affected by her experiences in raising her child. The respondent also mentioned that she
has a good support system which supports the study of Miranda (2019) that social support
was one of the significant mediators on the path between ASD symptom severity and
parenting stress.
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PARENTS IN RAISING THEIR CHILD WITH AUTISM
Chapter 4
This chapter presents the conclusion and recommendation that were derived from
Conclusion
The following conclusions are drawn based on the results of the study.
On the first statement of the problem which is the encountered experiences by the
respondents in raising their child with ASD, the result shows that the majority of the
Filipino parents who have a child with autism residing in Binalonan, Pangasinan have
experienced financial difficulties. Parents stated that their source of income was
Under the second statement of the problem which is how the experiences affect
the respondents, the result shows that the majority of the Filipino parents who have a
child with autism residing in Binalonan, Pangasinan were affected psychologically and
Lastly, under the third statement of the problem which is the coping mechanism
of respondents to cope with their stress. The result shows that the majority of the Filipino
parents who have a child with autism residing in Binalonan, Pangasinan used avoidant
coping mechanisms in dealing with mental stress such as avoiding the situation and
Recommendation
Based on the findings and conclusions of the study the following are
recommended.
is to create awareness about the government programs and services that they offer
specifically for person with disability. Through this, the respondents will recognize their
rights they will be able to avail and maximize their benefits from the government. This
To generate a solution for the second statement of the problem, the researchers
will propose to conduct a seminar about parenting strategies that will be held in
Binalonan, Pangasinan. This will help the respondents learn the parenting strategies that
For the third statement of the problem, the researchers will propose to conduct a
seminar about parenting stress management to help the respondents reduce their stress
and engage in good mental health habits. This also help the respondents to adapt a
Furthermore, the researchers also recommend for in-depth studies about the
experiences of parents in raising their child with autism and explore their financial needs.
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PARENTS IN RAISING THEIR CHILD WITH AUTISM
References
https://search.proquest.com/docview/1896832699? accountid=34320
Christensen, D.L., Baio, J., Van Naarden Braun, K., Bilder, D., Charles, J., Constantino,
J. N., Daniels, J., Durkin, M. S., Fitzgerald, R.T., Kurzius- Spencer, M., Lee, L.
C., Pettygrove, S., Robinson, C., Schulz, E., Wells, C., Wingate, M. S.,
Davis, P. E., Simon, H., Meins, E., & Robins, D. L. (2018). Imaginary companions in
Havens, J. (2021). Lived Experiences of Parents with Children with Autism Spectrum
https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations
Houtrow, A. J., Larson, K., Olson, L. M., Newacheck, P. W., & Halfon, N. (2014).
doi:10.1542/peds.2014-0594.
PMCID: PMC4194943.
Kerns, C. M., Newschaffer, C. J., Berkowitz, S., & Lee, B. K. (2017). Brief report:
national survey of children’s health: The important role of income and co-
Appendices
Name (Optional):
1.What experiences have you encountered in raising your child?
a. What physical changes have you observed since you had your child?
(Anu-anong mga pisikal na pagbabago and iyong naranasan mula nang magkaroon
kang anak?)
b. What do you feel about raising your child with autism?
(Ano ang naramdaman mo sa pagpapalaki ng anak na may autism?)
c. What is your financial experience in raising your child with autism?
(Ano ang buhay na nararamdaman niyo base sa inyong pinansyal na kalagayan sa
pagpapalaki ng iyong anak?)
d. What psychological problems have you encountered while raising your child with
autism?
(Ano ang mga sikolohikal na karanasan ang inyong pinagdadaanan habang pinapalaki
ang iyong anak?)
e. What treatments do you experience from the people around you?
(Ano ang trato ng mga tao sayo sa paligid mo?)
3. What are the coping mechanisms you use when facing challenges in raising your child
with autism?
a. What coping mechanism do you do when dealing with physical difficulties?
(Ano ang mga paraan ang iyong ginagawa upang malampasan ang mga pisikal na
pagsubok?)
b. What coping mechanism do you use when dealing with emotional difficulties?
(Ano ang mga paraan ang iyong ginagawa upang malampasan ang mga emosyonal na
pagsubok?)
c. What coping mechanism do you do when dealing with financial difficulties?
(Ano ang mga paraan ang iyong ginagawa upang malampasan ang mga pinansyal na
pagsubok?)
25
PARENTS IN RAISING THEIR CHILD WITH AUTISM
Appendices
I. Seminar Information
autism for them to learn and implement positive parenting strategies to promote
e. Date and Time: January 13, 2024 at 8:00 o’clock in the morning
time, energy, and emotional strength from behavioral management to worry about the
future of their children. It is important for parents to learn about the positive parenting
strategies to help their children have fewer behavioral problems and stronger mental
health.
III. Objectives
The parents will learn the various parenting strategies in raising their child
with autism and will help them to get the desired behavior and allowed children to
IV. Activities
Farnacio
Remarks
Discussion (Speaker)
Veloria
Laptop
Projector
Appendices
28
PARENTS IN RAISING THEIR CHILD WITH AUTISM
techniques.
f. Date and Time: January 20, 2024 at 8:00 o’clock in the morning
stress having a child with atypical behavior. As stress can cause health problems, it is
important for parents to learn effective techniques on how to manage parenting stress in a
healthy way.
III. Objectives
The parents will learn different effective techniques in managing parenting stress.
IV. Activities
Farnacio
Remarks
Discussion (Speaker)
Veloria
Laptop
Projector
Curriculum Vitae
30
PARENTS IN RAISING THEIR CHILD WITH AUTISM
Educational Background
Level/Degree Name of School Year Graduated
Tertiary Urdaneta City University 2021-Present
Secondary Angela Valdez Ramos National High School 2015-2021
Primary Sanchez- Cabalitian Elementary School 2009-2015
Seminars/Trainings Attended
SHS Leadership training 2020
Born this way: Body Positivity and Self-love seminar 2023
Awards and Recognition
With Honor Science Technology Engneering and Mathematics 2021
With Honor Junior High School 2019
Organizational Affiliation
Bulong Science Club
Curriculum Vitae
Educational Background
Level/Degree Name of School Year Graduated
Tertiary Urdaneta City University 2021-Present
Secondary Benigno V. Aldana National High School 2014-2020
Primary Mary Help of Christians Learning Center 2008-2014
Seminars/Trainings Attended
Born this way: Body Positivity and Self-love seminar 2023
Awards and Recognition
Organizational Affiliation
National Chaplains of the Philippines
Curriculum Vitae
Fredissa Manasan
32
PARENTS IN RAISING THEIR CHILD WITH AUTISM
Facebook URL:https://web.facebook.com/fredissa.manasan
Educational Background
Level/Degree Name of School Year
Graduated
Tertiary Urdaneta City University 2021-Present
Secondary Bestlink College of the Philippines- Senior 2017-2019
High
Bagong Silang High School- Junior High
2007-2013
Primary Bagong Silang Elementary School 2008-2014
Seminars/Trainings Attended
Born this way: Body Positivity and Self-love seminar 2023
Awards and Recognition
With Honor Science Technology Engneering and Mathematics 2019
With Honor Junior High School 2017
With Honor Primary 2013
Organizational Affiliation
Peer Counselor Club
Science Club
Curriculum Vitae
33
PARENTS IN RAISING THEIR CHILD WITH AUTISM
Facebook URL:https://www.facebook.com/NaDiyosa
Educational Background
Level/Degree Name of School Year
Graduated
Tertiary Urdaneta City University 2020-Present
Secondary Saint Louis Center High School 2009-2013
Department
Primary Saint Louis School Center 2003-2009
Seminars/Trainings Attended
Born this way: Body Positivity and Self-love seminar 2023
Organizational Affiliation
Society of Medical Laboratory Scientists
Curriculum Vitae
Educational Background
Level/Degree Name of School Year Graduated
Tertiary Urdaneta City University 2021-Present
Secondary Angela Valdez Ramos National High School 2015-2021
Primary Sanchez- Cabalitian Elementary School 2009-2015
Seminars/Trainings Attended
SHS Leadership Training 2020
Born this way: Body Positivity and Self-love seminar 2023
Awards and Recognition
With Honor Science Technology Engneering and Mathematics 2021
With Honor Junior High School 2019
With Honor Primary
Organizational Affiliation
Bulong Science Club
Curriculum Vitae
35
PARENTS IN RAISING THEIR CHILD WITH AUTISM
Educational Background
Level/Degree Name of School Year
Graduated
Tertiary Urdaneta City University 2020-Present
Secondary Daniel Maramba National High School 2014-2020
Primary Banaoang Elementary School 2008-2014
Seminars/Trainings Attended
Born this way: Body Positivity and Self- 2023
love seminar