Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 6 views

    6th Week

    Uploaded by

    faith_khp73301
    EXCEL

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    6th Week

    Uploaded by

    faith_khp73301
    6 views24 pages
    EXCEL

    Original Title

    6th week

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    EXCEL

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    6 views24 pages

    6th Week

    Uploaded by

    faith_khp73301
    EXCEL

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 24

    BIL106 – INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES – II

    MS EXCEL

    Asst. Prof. Dr. Alper FIDAN


    [email protected]

    1
    Contents
    Introduction to Formulas
    Mathematical operators
    Understanding cell references
    Creating a formula
    Modifying values with cell references
    Creating a formula using the point-and-click method
    Copying formulas with the fill handle
    Editing a formula
    1. Introduction

    One of the most powerful features in Excel is the ability to calculate numerical
    information using formulas. Just like a calculator, Excel can add, subtract,
    multiply, and divide. In this lesson, we'll show you how to use cell
    references to create simple formulas.
    2. Mathematical operators
    Excel uses standard operators for formulas: a plus sign for addition (+), minus
    sign for subtraction (-), asterisk for multiplication (*), forward slash for
    division (/), and caret (^) for exponents.
    All formulas in Excel must begin with an equals sign (=). This is because the cell
    contains, or is equal to, the formula and the value it calculates.
    3.1 Understanding cell references

    While you can create simple formulas in Excel using numbers (for
    example, =2+2 or =5*5), most of the time you will use cell addresses to
    create a formula. This is known as making a cell reference. Using cell
    references will ensure that your formulas are always accurate because you
    can change the value of referenced cells without having to rewrite the
    formula.
    In the formula below, cell A3 adds the values of cells A1 and A2 by making
    cell references:
    3.2 Understanding cell references

    When you press Enter, the formula calculates and displays the answer in cell
    A3:
    If the values in the referenced cells change, the formula automatically
    recalculates:
    3.3 Understanding cell references

    By combining a mathematical operator with cell references, you can create a


    variety of simple formulas in Excel. Formulas can also include a combination
    of cell references and numbers, as in the examples below:
    3.4 To create a formula
    In our example below, we'll use a simple formula and cell references to
    calculate a budget.
    1. Select the cell that will contain the formula. In our example, we'll select
    cell D12.
    2. Type the equals sign (=). Notice how it appears in both the cell and
    the formula bar.
    3.5 To create a formula
    3. Type the cell address of the cell you want to reference first in the formula:
    cell D10 in our example. A blue border will appear around the referenced
    cell.
    4. Type the mathematical operator you want to use. In our example, we'll type
    the addition sign (+).
    5. Type the cell address of the cell you want to reference second in the formula:
    cell D11 in our example. A red border will appear around the referenced cell.
    3.6 To create a formula
    6. Press Enter on your keyboard. The formula will be calculated, and
    the value will be displayed in the cell. If you select the cell again, notice that
    the cell displays the result, while the formula bar displays the formula.

    If the result of a formula is too large to be displayed in a cell, it may appear as pound
    signs (#######) instead of a value. This means the column is not wide enough to
    display the cell content. Simply increase the column width to show the cell content.
    4. Modifying values with cell references

    The true advantage of cell references is that they allow you to update data in
    your worksheet without having to rewrite formulas. In the example below,
    we've modified the value of cell D10 from $1,200 to $1,800. The formula in D12
    will automatically recalculate and display the new value in cell D12.
    5.1 To create a formula using the point-and-click method:

    Instead of typing cell addresses manually, you can point and click the cells
    you want to include in your formula. This method can save a lot of time and
    effort when creating formulas. In our example below, we'll create a formula
    to calculate the cost of ordering several boxes of plastic silverware.
    1. Select the cell that will contain the formula. In our example, we'll select
    cell D4.
    5.2 To create a formula using the point-and-click method:

    2. Type the equals sign (=).


    3. Select the cell you want to reference first in the formula: cell B4 in our
    example. The cell address will appear in the formula.
    5.3 To create a formula using the point-and-click method:

    4. Type the mathematical operator you want to use. In our example, we'll
    type the multiplication sign (*).
    5. Select the cell you want to reference second in the formula: cell C4 in
    our example. The cell address will appear in the formula.
    5.4 To create a formula using the point-and-click method:

    6. Press Enter on your keyboard. The formula will be calculated, and


    the value will be displayed in the cell.
    6.1 Copying formulas with the fill handle

    Formulas can also be copied to adjacent cells with the fill handle, which can save a
    lot of time and effort if you need to perform the same calculation multiple times in
    a worksheet. The fill handle is the small square at the bottom-right corner of the
    selected cell(s).
    6.2 Copying formulas with the fill handle

    After you release the mouse, the formula will be copied to the selected cells.
    7. Editing a formula:

    Sometimes you may want to modify an existing formula. In the example below,
    we've entered an incorrect cell address in our formula, so we'll need to correct it.
    Select the cell containing the formula you want to edit. In our example, we'll select
    cell D12.
    7.1 Editing a formula:

    Click the formula bar to edit the formula. You can also double-click the cell to view
    and edit the formula directly within the cell.
    7.2 Editing a formula:

    A border will appear around any referenced cells. In our example, we'll change the
    first part of the formula to reference cell D10 instead of cell D9.
    7.3 Editing a formula:
    When you're finished, press Enter on your keyboard or select the Enter command
    in the formula bar.
    7.4 Editing a formula:
    The formula will be updated, and the new value will be displayed in the cell.
    7.5 Editing a formula:
    If you change your mind, you can press the Esc key on your keyboard or click
    the Cancel command in the formula bar to avoid accidentally making changes to
    your formula.

    You might also like