‫פתרון לבחינת מה"ט‬

‫קונסטרוקציות בטון‬
‫קיץ תשפ"ג – ‪ – 2023‬מועד א'‪.‬‬
‫מהנדס אזרחי – אושרי אבן – צור‬
‫נייד – ‪054-7682216‬‬
 ‫𝑁𝐾‬
‫‪) = 20 + 22 = 42‬תקרה( 𝑟𝑒𝑠𝐹‬
‫‪𝑚2‬‬
‫‪42 ∗ 4‬‬
‫= )תקרה( ‪) = 𝑉𝑏−2‬תקרה( ‪𝑉𝑏−1‬‬ ‫𝑁𝐾 ‪= 84‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪84‬‬ ‫𝑁𝐾‬
‫= )‪𝐹𝑠𝑒𝑟 (𝑏𝑒𝑎𝑚 − 1‬‬ ‫‪= 120 2‬‬
‫‪0.7‬‬ ‫𝑚‬
‫𝑚𝑐 ‪𝑙0 = 500 ∗ 1 = 500‬‬
‫‪70‬‬ ‫‪70‬‬
‫; ‪𝐾11 ( = 3.5‬‬ ‫‪= 3.5) = 0.79‬‬
‫‪20‬‬ ‫‪20‬‬
‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪10‬‬
‫√ ∗ ‪𝐾12 = 24.4‬‬ ‫‪= 10.66‬‬
‫‪120‬‬
‫‪𝐾13 = 1‬‬
‫‪500‬‬
‫=‪ℎ‬‬ ‫𝐾 ‪= 59.4 𝑐𝑚 < 70 𝑐𝑚−→ 𝑂.‬‬
‫‪0.79 ∗ 10.66 ∗ 1‬‬

‫‪84‬‬ ‫𝑁𝐾‬
‫= )‪𝐹𝑠𝑒𝑟 (𝑏𝑒𝑎𝑚 − 2‬‬ ‫‪= 420 2‬‬
‫‪0.2‬‬ ‫𝑚‬
‫𝑚𝑐 ‪𝑙0 = 500 ∗ 1 = 500‬‬
‫‪𝐾11 = 1‬‬
‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪10‬‬
‫√ ∗ ‪𝐾12 = 24.4‬‬ ‫‪= 7.02‬‬
‫‪420‬‬
‫‪𝐾13 = 1‬‬
‫‪500‬‬
‫=‪ℎ‬‬ ‫𝐾 ‪= 71.2 𝑐𝑚 > 70 𝑐𝑚−→ 𝑁. 𝑂.‬‬
‫‪1 ∗ 7.02 ∗ 1‬‬
‫𝑓𝑡 < 𝑋 הנחה‬

2 ∗ 406.25
𝑥 = (1 − √1 − ) ∗ 67 = 7.03 𝑐𝑚 < 𝑡𝑓 −→ 𝑂. 𝐾
0.7 ∗ 0.672 ∗ 13 ∗ 103
7.03
𝜔= = 0.11
67
406.25 ∗ 10
𝐴𝑠 = = 14.7 𝑐𝑚2 −→ 3∅25 ; 𝐴𝑆 , 𝑎𝑐𝑡 = 14.73 𝑐𝑚2
0.11
0.67 ∗ 435 ∗ (1 − 2 )
2.3
𝜌, 𝑚𝑖𝑛 = max {0.28 ∗ = 0.00128 ; 500 − ‫ = פ‬0.0013} ; 𝜌, 𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0.04
500
𝐴𝑠 𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 0.0013 ∗ 20 ∗ 67 = 1.74 𝑐𝑚2 ; 𝐴𝑠 𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0.04 ∗ 70 ∗ 67 = 187.6 𝑐𝑚2
𝐴𝑠 𝑚𝑖𝑛 < 𝐴𝑠 𝑎𝑐𝑡 < 𝐴𝑠 max −→ 𝑂. 𝐾

2 ∗ 406.25
𝜔 = (1 − √1 − ) = 0.45 > 0.4−→ 𝑁. 𝑂. 𝐾
0.2 ∗ 0.672 ∗ 13 ∗ 103
𝑋 = 0.45 ∗ 67 = 30.1 𝑐𝑚 < 50 𝑐𝑚
𝑀𝑐𝑑 𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0.32 ∗ 0.2 ∗ 0.672 ∗ 13 ∗ 103 = 373.5 𝐾𝑁𝑚 < 𝑀𝑑 = 406.28 𝐾𝑁𝑚
∆𝑀𝑑 = 406.25 − 373.5 = 32.77 𝐾𝑁𝑚
 ‫‪32.77 ∗ 10‬‬
‫= ‪𝐴𝑠 ′‬‬ ‫‪= 1.17 𝑐𝑚2 −→ 2∅24 𝐴𝑠, 𝑎𝑐𝑡 = 9.05 𝑐𝑚2‬‬
‫‪(0.67 − 0.03) ∗ 435‬‬
‫‪373.5 ∗ 10‬‬
‫‪𝐴𝑠 = 9.05 +‬‬ ‫‪= 25.6 𝑐𝑚2 −→ 6∅24 ; 𝐴𝑆 , 𝑎𝑐𝑡 = 27.14 𝑐𝑚2‬‬
‫‪0.301‬‬
‫) ‪435 ∗ (0.67 − 2‬‬
‫‪2.3‬‬
‫∗ ‪𝜌, 𝑚𝑖𝑛 = max {0.28‬‬ ‫‪ = 0.0013} ; 𝜌, 𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0.04‬פ ‪= 0.00128 ; 500 −‬‬
‫‪500‬‬
‫‪20 + 70‬‬ ‫‪20 + 70‬‬
‫∗ ‪𝐴𝑠 𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 0.0013‬‬ ‫∗ ‪∗ 67 = 3.92 𝑐𝑚2 ; 𝐴𝑠 𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0.04‬‬ ‫‪∗ 67 = 120.6 𝑐𝑚2‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫𝐾 ‪𝐴𝑠 𝑚𝑖𝑛 < 𝐴𝑠 𝑎𝑐𝑡 ; 𝐴𝑠′𝑎𝑐𝑡 < 𝐴𝑠 max −→ 𝑂.‬‬

‫‪𝜃 = 45° ; 𝛼 = 90°‬‬

‫‪30‬‬
‫∗ ‪𝑉𝑅𝑑. 𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0.6 ∗ (1 − 0.7‬‬ ‫)‪) ∗ 13 ∗ 0.9 ∗ 670 ∗ 200 ∗ (𝑐𝑜𝑡45 + 𝑐𝑜𝑡90‬‬
‫‪250‬‬
‫𝑁𝐾 ‪∗ sin2 45 ∗ 10−3 = 430.8‬‬
‫𝑁𝐾 ‪𝑉𝑠𝑡 = 325‬‬
‫‪0.6‬‬
‫( ∗ ‪𝑉𝑑1 = 325 − 130‬‬ ‫𝑁𝐾 ‪+ 0.67) = 198.9‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪0.6‬‬
‫𝑁𝐾 ‪𝑉𝑑2 = 325 − 130 ∗ ( ) = 286‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪200‬‬
‫√‪𝐾 =1+‬‬ ‫𝐾 ‪= 1.55 < 2−→ 𝑂.‬‬
‫‪670‬‬
‫‪) = 0.015‬נתון(𝜌‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫𝑁𝐾 ‪0.12 ∗ 1.55 ∗ (100 ∗ 0.015 ∗ 0.7 ∗ 30)3 ∗ 200 ∗ 670 ∗ 10−3 = 78.7‬‬
‫{ ‪𝑉𝑅𝑑𝑐 = max‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫𝑁𝐾 ‪0.035 ∗ 1.552 ∗ (0.7 ∗ 30)2 ∗ 200 ∗ 670 ∗ 10−3 = 41.5‬‬

‫נדרש זיון לגזירה קונסטרוקטיבי →‪𝑉𝑅𝑑𝑐 < 𝑉𝑑1−‬‬

‫𝑚𝑐 ‪0.75 ∗ 67 = 50‬‬ ‫𝑚𝑐 ‪0.75 ∗ 67 = 50‬‬
‫{ 𝑛𝑖𝑚 = 𝑥𝑎𝑚 𝑡𝑆‬ ‫{ = 𝑥𝑎𝑚 𝑣𝑆 ;‬ ‫𝑚𝑚 ‪) = 8‬נתון(∅ ;‬
‫𝑚𝑐 ‪40‬‬ ‫𝑚𝑐 ‪30‬‬
‫‪𝐴𝑠𝑣 = 2 ∗ 0.5 = 1 𝑐𝑚2‬‬
‫‪0.9 ∗ 670 ∗ 100 ∗ 435‬‬
‫= 𝑣𝑆‬ ‫‪= 13.2 𝑐𝑚−→ ∅8@13‬‬
‫‪198.9 ∗ 104‬‬
 𝑙𝑜 = 620 ∗ 0.8 = 496 𝑐𝑚
(0.65 ∗ 0.05 + 0.25 ∗ 0.15) ∗ 2.5 + (0.5 ∗ 0.25) ∗ 5 𝐾𝑁
𝑆𝑊 = = 3.65 2
0.65 𝑚
𝐾𝑁
𝐹𝑠𝑒𝑟 = 3.65 + 3.8 + 1.5 = 8.95 2
𝑚
30 65
𝐾11 ( = 6 ; = 4.3) = 0.744
5 15
 3 10
𝐾12 = 24.4 ∗ √ = 25.32
8.95
𝐾13 = 1
496
ℎ= = 26.3 𝑐𝑚 < 30 𝑐𝑚−→ 𝑂. 𝐾
0.744 ∗ 25.32 ∗ 1

𝐾𝑁
𝐹𝑑 = 12
𝑚2
𝐹𝑑(𝑟𝑖𝑏) = 12 ∗ 0.65 = 7.8 𝐾𝑁/𝑚

‫𝑓𝑡 < 𝑋 הנחה‬

2 ∗ 21
𝑥 = (1 − √1 − ) ∗ 27 = 1 𝑐𝑚 < 𝑡𝑓 −→ 𝑂. 𝐾
0.65 ∗ 0.272 ∗ 13 ∗ 103
1
𝜔= = 0.03−→ 0.1
27
21 ∗ 10
𝐴𝑠 = = 1.88 𝑐𝑚2 −→ 2∅12 ; 𝐴𝑆 , 𝑎𝑐𝑡 = 2.26 𝑐𝑚2
0.27 ∗ 435 ∗ 0.95
2.3
𝜌, 𝑚𝑖𝑛 = max {0.28 ∗ = 0.00128 ; 500 − ‫ = פ‬0.0013} ; 𝜌, 𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0.04
500
𝐴𝑠 𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 0.0013 ∗ 15 ∗ 27 = 0.5 𝑐𝑚2 ; 𝐴𝑠 𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0.04 ∗ 15 ∗ 27 = 16.2 𝑐𝑚2
𝐴𝑠 𝑚𝑖𝑛 < 𝐴𝑠 𝑎𝑐𝑡 < 𝐴𝑠 max −→ 𝑂. 𝐾

2 ∗ 37.5
𝜔 = (1 − √1 − ) = 0.31
0.15 ∗ 0.272 ∗ 13 ∗ 103
 ‫‪37.5 ∗ 10‬‬
‫= 𝑠𝐴‬ ‫‪= 3.78 𝑐𝑚2 −→ 2∅16 ; 𝐴𝑆 , 𝑎𝑐𝑡 = 4.02 𝑐𝑚2‬‬
‫‪0.31‬‬
‫) ‪0.27 ∗ 435 ∗ (1 − 2‬‬
‫‪2.3‬‬
‫∗ ‪𝜌, 𝑚𝑖𝑛 = max {0.28‬‬ ‫‪ = 0.0013} ; 𝜌, 𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0.04‬פ ‪= 0.00128 ; 500 −‬‬
‫‪500‬‬
‫‪15 + 65‬‬ ‫‪15 + 65‬‬
‫∗ ‪𝐴𝑠 𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 0.0013‬‬ ‫∗ ‪∗ 27 = 1.4 𝑐𝑚2 ; 𝐴𝑠 𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0.04‬‬ ‫‪∗ 27 = 43.2 𝑐𝑚2‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫𝐾 ‪𝐴𝑠 𝑚𝑖𝑛 < 𝐴𝑠 𝑎𝑐𝑡 < 𝐴𝑠 max −→ 𝑂.‬‬

‫𝑚𝑁𝐾 ‪) = 0.32 ∗ 0.15 ∗ 0.272 ∗ 13 ∗ 103 = 45.5‬צלע מקורית(‪𝑀𝑐𝑑 , max‬‬

‫תסבולת הצלע המקורית גדולה ממומנט התכן ולכן לא נדרש סיבוב בלוק‪.‬‬
‫𝑚𝑁𝐾 ‪) = 0.32 ∗ 0.35 ∗ 0.272 ∗ 13 ∗ 103 = 106.1‬צלע מורחבת(‪𝑀𝑐𝑑 , max‬‬

‫עבור תסבולת מקסימלית גורר ‪w=0.4‬‬

‫‪106.1 ∗ 10‬‬
‫= 𝑠𝐴‬ ‫‪= 11.28 𝑐𝑚2 −→ 6∅12 𝐴𝑠, 𝑎𝑐𝑡 = 12.06 𝑐𝑚2‬‬
‫‪0.27 ∗ 435 ∗ 0.8‬‬
‫‪2.3‬‬
‫∗ ‪𝜌, 𝑚𝑖𝑛 = max {0.28‬‬ ‫‪ = 0.0013} ; 𝜌, 𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0.04‬פ ‪= 0.00128 ; 500 −‬‬
‫‪500‬‬
‫‪15 + 65‬‬ ‫‪15 + 65‬‬
‫∗ ‪𝐴𝑠 𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 0.0013‬‬ ‫∗ ‪∗ 27 = 1.4 𝑐𝑚2 ; 𝐴𝑠 𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0.04‬‬ ‫‪∗ 27 = 43.2 𝑐𝑚2‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫𝐾 ‪𝐴𝑠 𝑚𝑖𝑛 < 𝐴𝑠 𝑎𝑐𝑡 < 𝐴𝑠 max −→ 𝑂.‬‬
 ‫שדה ‪A‬‬
‫‪500‬‬
‫< ‪1.15‬‬ ‫‪= 1.25 < 2‬‬
‫‪400‬‬
‫𝑚𝑐 ‪𝑙𝑜𝑋 = 400 ∗ 1 = 400‬‬
‫𝑚𝑐 ‪𝑙𝑜𝑌 = 500 ∗ 0.8 = 360‬‬
‫𝑚𝑐 ‪𝑙𝑜 = 400‬‬
‫שדה ‪B‬‬
‫‪400‬‬
‫‪= 1 < 1.15‬‬
‫‪400‬‬
‫𝑚𝑐 ‪𝑙𝑜𝑋 = 400 ∗ 1 = 400‬‬
‫𝑚𝑐 ‪𝑙𝑜𝑌 = 400 ∗ 0.8 = 320‬‬
‫‪400 + 320‬‬
‫= 𝑜𝑙‬ ‫𝑚𝑐 ‪= 360‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫מפתח שקיל קובע ‪lo=400cm >--‬‬

‫𝑚𝑐 ‪𝑙𝑜 = 400‬‬

‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪500‬‬
‫√ =𝜆‬ ‫‪= 1.077‬‬
‫‪400‬‬
‫𝑁𝐾‬
‫‪𝑆𝑊 = 0.16 ∗ 25 = 4‬‬
‫‪𝑚2‬‬
‫𝑁𝐾‬
‫‪𝐹𝑠𝑒𝑟 = 4 + 6 + 3 = 13 2‬‬
‫𝑚‬
‫‪1.22‬‬
‫= ‪𝐾11‬‬ ‫‪= 1.133‬‬
‫‪1.077‬‬
‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪10‬‬
‫√ ∗ ‪𝐾12 = 24.4‬‬ ‫‪= 22.357‬‬
‫‪13‬‬
‫‪𝐾13 = 1‬‬
‫‪400‬‬
‫=‪ℎ‬‬ ‫𝐾 ‪= 15.8 𝑐𝑚 < 16 𝑐𝑚−→ 𝑂.‬‬
‫‪1.133 ∗ 22.357 ∗ 1‬‬
‫‪500‬‬
‫‪= 1.25 ; 𝑀𝑋𝑀 = 4.295 ; 𝑀𝑌𝑀 = 3.415‬‬
‫‪400‬‬
‫‪20 ∗ 42‬‬ ‫‪20 ∗ 42‬‬
‫= 𝑥𝑀‬ ‫= 𝑦𝑀 ; 𝑚𝑁𝐾 ‪∗ 4.295 = 13.74‬‬ ‫𝑚𝑁𝐾 ‪∗ 3.415 = 10.93‬‬
‫‪100‬‬ ‫‪100‬‬
‫𝑚𝑐 ‪2 ∗ 13 = 26‬‬
‫{ 𝑛𝑖𝑚 = )𝑦 ‪@max (𝑥,‬‬
‫𝑚𝑐 ‪25‬‬
‫‪2 ∗ 13.74‬‬
‫‪𝜔(𝑥) = 1 − √1 −‬‬ ‫‪= 0.06−→ 0.1‬‬
‫‪1 ∗ 0.132 ∗ 13 ∗ 103‬‬
‫‪13.74 ∗ 10‬‬
‫= )𝑥(𝑠𝐴‬ ‫‪= 2.56 𝑐𝑚2 −→ ∅8@15 ; 𝐴𝑠, 𝑎𝑐𝑡 = 3.35 𝑐𝑚2‬‬
‫‪0.13 ∗ 435 ∗ 0.95‬‬

‫‪2 ∗ 10.93‬‬
‫‪𝜔(𝑦) = 1 − √1 −‬‬ ‫‪= 0.05−→ 0.1‬‬
‫‪1 ∗ 0.132 ∗ 13 ∗ 103‬‬
‫‪10.93 ∗ 10‬‬
‫= )𝑦(𝑠𝐴‬ ‫‪= 2.03 𝑐𝑚2 −→ ∅8@20; 𝐴𝑠, 𝑎𝑐𝑡 = 2.91 𝑐𝑚2‬‬
‫‪0.13 ∗ 435 ∗ 0.95‬‬
‫זיון מינימלי בשני הכיוונים‪:‬‬
‫‪2.3‬‬
‫∗ ‪𝜌, 𝑚𝑖𝑛 = max {0.28‬‬ ‫‪ = 0.0013} ; 𝜌, 𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0.04‬פ ‪= 0.00128 ; 500 −‬‬
‫‪500‬‬
‫‪𝐴𝑠 𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 0.0013 ∗ 100 ∗ 13 = 1.69 𝑐𝑚2 ; 𝐴𝑠 𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0.04 ∗ 100 ∗ 13 = 52 𝑐𝑚2‬‬
‫𝐾 ‪𝐴𝑠 𝑚𝑖𝑛 < 𝐴𝑠 𝑎𝑐𝑡(𝑥, 𝑦) < 𝐴𝑠 max −→ 𝑂.‬‬

‫‪20∗42‬‬
‫= )שדה 𝐴(𝑦𝑒𝑀 ; ‪) = 10.125‬שדה 𝐴(𝑌𝐸𝑀‬ ‫‪100‬‬
‫𝑚𝑁𝐾 ‪∗ 10.125 = 32.4‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪20 ∗ 4‬‬
‫= )שדה 𝐵(𝑦𝑒𝑀 ; ‪) = 8.39‬שדה 𝐵(𝑌𝐸𝑀‬ ‫𝑚𝑁𝐾 ‪∗ 8.39 = 26.85‬‬
‫‪100‬‬
‫‪32.4 + 26.85‬‬
‫= )𝑡𝑜𝑡(𝑦𝑒𝑀‬ ‫𝑚𝑁𝐾 ‪= 29.7‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
 2 ∗ 13 = 26 𝑐𝑚
@max (𝑥, 𝑦) = 𝑚𝑖𝑛 {
25 𝑐𝑚
2 ∗ 29.7
𝜔 = 1 − √1 − = 0.146
1 ∗ 0.132 ∗ 13 ∗ 103
29.7 ∗ 10
𝐴𝑠 = = 5.67 𝑐𝑚2 −→ ∅12@15 ; 𝐴𝑠, 𝑎𝑐𝑡 = 7.54 𝑐𝑚2
0.146
0.13 ∗ 435 ∗ (1 − )
2
2.3
𝜌, 𝑚𝑖𝑛 = max {0.28 ∗ = 0.00128 ; 500 − ‫ = פ‬0.0013} ; 𝜌, 𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0.04
500
𝐴𝑠 𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 0.0013 ∗ 100 ∗ 13 = 1.69 𝑐𝑚2 ; 𝐴𝑠 𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0.04 ∗ 100 ∗ 13 = 52 𝑐𝑚2
𝐴𝑠 𝑚𝑖𝑛 < 𝐴𝑠 𝑎𝑐𝑡(𝑥, 𝑦) < 𝐴𝑠 max −→ 𝑂. 𝐾

𝑙𝑜 = 400 ∗ 1 = 400 𝑐𝑚
𝐾𝑁
𝑆𝑊 = 0.16 ∗ 25 = 4 2
𝑚
𝐾𝑁
𝐹𝑠𝑒𝑟 = 4 + 6 + 3 = 13 2
𝑚
𝐾11 = 1
2 10
𝐾12 = 24.4 ∗ √ = 22.357
13
𝐾13 = 1
400
ℎ= = 17.9 𝑐𝑚 > 16𝑐𝑚−→ 𝑁. 𝑂. 𝐾
1 ∗ 22.357 ∗ 1

2∗40
𝜔 = 1 − √1 − 1∗0.132 ∗13∗103 = 0.202
40 ∗ 10
𝐴𝑠 = = 7.84 𝑐𝑚2
0.202
0.13 ∗ 435 ∗ (1 − 2 )
∅14@15 𝐴𝑠, 𝑎𝑐𝑡 = 10.26 𝑐𝑚2
2.3
𝜌, 𝑚𝑖𝑛 = max {0.28 ∗ = 0.00128 ; 500 − ‫ = פ‬0.0013}
500
𝜌, 𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0.04
𝐴𝑠 𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 0.0013 ∗ 100 ∗ 13 = 1.69 𝑐𝑚2
𝐴𝑠 𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0.04 ∗ 100 ∗ 13 = 52 𝑐𝑚2
𝐴𝑠 𝑚𝑖𝑛 < 𝐴𝑠 𝑎𝑐𝑡(𝑥, 𝑦) < 𝐴𝑠 max −→ 𝑂. 𝐾
 ‫‪20 ∗ 0.7 ∗ 1.56 ∗ 1.7‬‬
‫= 𝑛𝑖𝑚𝜆‬ ‫‪= 53.54‬‬
‫√‬ ‫‪1000‬‬
‫‪0.42 ∗ 13 ∗ 103‬‬

‫‪0.4 ∗ 0.43‬‬
‫= 𝑐𝐼‬ ‫‪= 2.133 ∗ 10−3 𝑚4 ; 𝐼𝑐𝑟, 𝑐 = 0.7 ∗ 𝐼𝑐 = 1.493 ∗ 10−3 𝑚4‬‬
‫‪12‬‬
‫‪0.2 ∗ 0.43‬‬
‫= 𝐿 ‪𝐼𝑏,‬‬ ‫‪= 1.067 ∗ 10−3 𝑚4 ; 𝐼𝑐𝑟, 𝑏𝐿 = 0.35 ∗ 𝐼𝑏, 𝐿 = 0.373 ∗ 10−3 𝑚4‬‬
‫‪12‬‬
‫‪0.4 ∗ 0.43‬‬
‫= 𝑅 ‪𝐼𝑏,‬‬ ‫‪= 2.133 ∗ 10−3 𝑚4 ; 𝐼𝑐𝑟, 𝑏𝑅 = 0.35 ∗ 𝐼𝑏, 𝑅 = 0.747 ∗ 10−3 𝑚4‬‬
‫‪12‬‬
‫‪1.493 ∗ 10−3‬‬
‫∗ ‪𝐸 ∗ (2‬‬ ‫)‬
‫‪3.7‬‬
‫= ‪𝛼1 = 𝛼2‬‬ ‫‪= 1.12‬‬
‫‪0.373 ∗ 10−3‬‬ ‫‪0.747 ∗ 10−3‬‬
‫∗ ‪𝐸 ∗ (3‬‬ ‫∗‪+4‬‬ ‫‪6‬‬ ‫)‬
‫‪5‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪0.5‬‬
‫‪1.12‬‬
‫‪) = 0.5 ∗ 3.7 ∗ ((1 +‬עמוד מוחזק(𝑒𝑙‬ ‫) )‬ ‫𝑚 ‪= 3.2‬‬
‫‪0.45 + 1.12‬‬
 ‫‪0.4 ∗ 0.43‬‬
‫= 𝑐𝐼‬ ‫‪= 2.133 ∗ 10−3 𝑚4 ; 𝐼𝑐𝑟, 𝑐 = 0.7 ∗ 𝐼𝑐 = 1.493 ∗ 10−3 𝑚4‬‬
‫‪12‬‬
‫‪0.2 ∗ 0.43‬‬
‫= 𝑏𝐼‬ ‫‪= 1.067 ∗ 10−3 𝑚4 ; 𝐼𝑐𝑟, 𝑏 = 0.35 ∗ 𝐼𝑏 = 0.373 ∗ 10−3 𝑚4‬‬
‫‪12‬‬
‫‪1.493 ∗ 10−3‬‬
‫∗ ‪𝐸 ∗ (2‬‬ ‫)‬
‫‪3.7‬‬
‫= ‪𝛼1 = 𝛼2‬‬ ‫‪= 2.075‬‬
‫‪0.373 ∗ 10−3‬‬
‫∗ ‪𝐸 ∗ (4‬‬ ‫)‬
‫‪5‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪0.5‬‬
‫‪2.705‬‬
‫‪) = 0.5 ∗ 3.7 ∗ ((1 +‬עמוד מוחזק(𝑒𝑙‬ ‫) )‬ ‫𝑚 ‪= 3.44‬‬
‫‪0.45 + 2.705‬‬

‫𝑚 ‪) = 3.5‬נתון(𝑋𝑒𝑙‬
‫‪0.4 ∗ 0.43‬‬
‫√‬ ‫‪12‬‬
‫=𝑖‬ ‫𝑚 ‪= 0.115‬‬
‫‪0.4 ∗ 0.4‬‬
‫‪3.5‬‬
‫= 𝑥𝜆‬ ‫‪= 30.31‬‬
‫‪0.115‬‬

‫‪0‬‬
‫‪=0‬‬
‫‪1000‬‬
‫𝑥𝑎𝑚 = 𝑑𝑒‬ ‫𝑚𝑐 ‪2‬‬
‫‪40‬‬
‫𝑚𝑐 ‪= 1,33‬‬
‫‪{30‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫= ‪< 𝛼ℎ‬‬ ‫‪= 0.99 < 1‬‬
‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪√4.1‬‬
 1
𝜃𝑖 = ∗ 0.99 = 4.939 ∗ 10−3
200
𝑒𝑖 = 0.5 ∗ 4.939 ∗ 10−3 ∗ 3.5 ∗ 102 = 0.864 𝑐𝑚
𝑒2 = 0−→ 𝜆𝑥 < 𝜆𝑚𝑖𝑛
𝑒0𝑋(𝑡𝑜𝑡) = 2 + 0.864 + 0 = 2.864 𝑐𝑚

𝑀𝑑𝑥 = 1000 ∗ 0.02864 = 28.64 𝐾𝑁𝑚

2 ∗ 28.64
𝜔 = 1 − √1 − = 0.04−→ 0.1
0.4 ∗ 0.352 ∗ 13 ∗ 103
𝐴𝑠, 𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 0.004 ∗ 35 ∗ 40 = 5.6 𝑐𝑚2
40 − 5 − 5
𝑛, 𝑚𝑖𝑛 = =2
15
28.64 ∗ 10
𝐴𝑠 = = 1.95 𝑐𝑚2 < 𝐴𝑠, 𝑚𝑖𝑛
0.35 ∗ 435 ∗ 0.95
4∅14 ; 𝐴𝑠, 𝑎𝑐𝑡 = 6.16 𝑐𝑚2