Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic Pipe, Schedules 40, 80, and 120
Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic Pipe, Schedules 40, 80, and 120
Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic Pipe, Schedules 40, 80, and 120
for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1. Scope* standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,
1.1 This specification covers poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user
pipe made in Schedule 40, 80, and 120 sizes and pressure-rated of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and
for water (see Appendix X1). Included are criteria for classi- environmental practices and determine the applicability of
fying PVC plastic pipe materials and PVC plastic pipe, a regulatory limitations prior to use.A specific precautionary
system of nomenclature for PVC plastic pipe, and requirements statement is given in Note 9.
and test methods for materials, workmanship, dimensions, NOTE 3—CPVC plastic pipes, Schedules 40 and 80, which were
sustained pressure, burst pressure, flattening, and extrusion formerly included in this specification, are now covered by Specification
quality. Methods of marking are also given. F441/F441M.
NOTE 4—The sustained and burst pressure test requirements, and the
1.2 The products covered by this specification are intended pressure ratings in the Appendix X1, are calculated from stress values
for use with the distribution of pressurized liquids only, which obtained from tests made on pipe 4 in. (100 mm) and smaller. However,
are chemically compatible with the piping materials. Due to tests conducted on pipe as large as 24 in. (600 mm) diameter have shown
these stress values to be valid for larger diameter PVC pipe.
inherent hazards associated with testing components and sys- NOTE 5—PVC pipe made to this specification is often belled for use as
tems with compressed air or other compressed gases some line pipe. For details of the solvent cement bell, see Specification D2672
manufacturers do not allow pneumatic testing of their products. and for details of belled elastomeric joints, see Specifications D3139 and
Consult with specific product/component manufacturers for D3212.
their specific testing procedures prior to pneumatic testing. 1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
NOTE 1—Pressurized (compressed) air or other compressed gases dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
contain large amounts of stored energy which present serious saftey ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
hazards should a system fail for any reason.
NOTE 2—This standard specifies dimensional, performance and test
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
requirements for plumbing and fluid handling applications only. It does mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
not include provisions for the use of these products for venting of Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
combustion gases. UL 1738 is a standard that does include specific testing
and marking requirements for flue gas venting products, including PVC. 2. Referenced Documents
1.3 The text of this specification references notes, footnotes, 2.1 ASTM Standards:2
and appendixes which provide explanatory material. These D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall D1598 Test Method for Time-to-Failure of Plastic Pipe
not be considered as requirements of the specification. Under Constant Internal Pressure
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded D1599 Test Method for Resistance to Short-Time Hydraulic
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical Pressure of Plastic Pipe, Tubing, and Fittings
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only D1600 Terminology for Abbreviated Terms Relating to Plas-
and are not considered standard. tics
1.5 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the D1784 Classification System and Basis for Specification for
test methods portion, Section 8, of this specification: This Rigid Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Compounds and Chlo-
rinated Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Compounds
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F17 on Plastic
Piping Systems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F17.25 on Vinyl
2
Based Pipe. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2021. Published October 2021. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at [email protected]. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1960. Last previous edition approved in 2021 as D1785 – 21. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/D1785-21A. the ASTM website.
2S/P 5 ~ D 0 /t ! 2 1
6.1 Dimensions and Tolerances:
6.1.1 Dimensions and tolerances shall be as shown in Table
1 and Table 2 when measured in accordance with Test Method
3
Available from DLA Document Services, Building 4/D, 700 Robbins Ave., D2122. The tolerances for out-of-roundness shall apply only to
Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, http://quicksearch.dla.mil.
4
Available from NSF International, P.O. Box 130140, 789 N. Dixboro Rd., Ann
pipe prior to shipment.
Arbor, MI 48113-0140, http://www.nsf.org.
5
6.2 Sustained Pressure—The pipe shall not fail, balloon,
Available from Underwriters Laboratories (UL), 2600 N.W. Lake Rd., Camas,
WA 98607-8542, http://www.ul.com.
burst, or weep as defined in Test Method D1598, at the test
6
ISO R161-1960, Pipes of Plastics Materials for the Transport of Fluids (Outside pressures given in Tables 3-5 when tested in accordance with
Diameters and Nominal Pressures) Part 1, Metric Series. 8.4.
TABLE 2 Wall Thicknesses and Tolerances for PVC Plastic Pipe, Schedules 40, 80, and 120,A,B in. (mm)
Wall ThicknessA
Nominal Pipe
Schedule 40 Schedule 80 Schedule 120
Size
Minimum Tolerance Minimum Tolerance Minimum Tolerance
⁄
18 0.068 (1.73) +0.020 (+0.51) 0.095 (2.41) +0.020 (+0.51) ... ...
1⁄4 0.088 (2.24) +0.020 (+0.51) 0.119 (3.02) +0.020 (+0.51) ... ...
3⁄8 0.091 (2.31) +0.020 (+0.51) 0.126 (3.20) +0.020 (+0.51) ... ...
1⁄2 0.109 (2.77) +0.020 (+0.51) 0.147 (3.73) +0.020 (+0.51) 0.170 (4.32) +0.020 (+0.51)
3⁄4 0.113 (2.87) +0.020 (+0.51) 0.154 (3.91) +0.020 (+0.51) 0.170 (4.32) +0.020 (+0.51)
1 0.133 (3.38) +0.020 (+0.51) 0.179 (4.55) +0.021 (+0.53) 0.200 (5.08) +0.024 (+0.61)
1 1⁄ 4 0.140 (3.56) +0.020 (+0.51) 0.191 (4.85) +0.023 (+0.58) 0.215 (5.46) +0.026 (+0.66)
1 1⁄ 2 0.145 (3.68) +0.020 (+0.51) 0.200 (5.08) +0.024 (+0.61) 0.225 (5.72) +0.027 (+0.68)
2 0.154 (3.91) +0.020 (+0.51) 0.218 (5.54) +0.026 (+0.66) 0.250 (6.35) +0.030 (+0.76)
2 1⁄ 2 0.203 (5.16) +0.024 (+0.61) 0.276 (7.01) +0.033 (+0.84) 0.300 (7.62) +0.036 (+0.91)
3 0.216 (5.49) +0.026 (+0.66) 0.300 (7.62) +0.036 (+0.91) 0.350 (8.89) +0.042 (+1.07)
3 1⁄ 2 0.226 (5.74) +0.027 (+0.68) 0.318 (8.08) +0.038 (+0.96) 0.350 (8.89) +0.042 (+1.07)
4 0.237 (6.02) +0.028 (+0.71) 0.337 (8.56) +0.040 (+1.02) 0.437 (11.10) +0.052 (+1.32)
5 0.258 (6.55) +0.031 (+0.79) 0.375 (9.52) +0.045 (+1.14) 0.500 (12.70) +0.060 (+1.52)
6 0.280 (7.11) +0.034 (+0.86) 0.432 (10.97) +0.052 (+1.32) 0.562 (14.27) +0.067 (+1.70)
8 0.322 (8.18) +0.039 (+0.99) 0.500 (12.70) +0.060 (+1.52) 0.718 (18.24) +0.086 (+2.18)
10 0.365 (9.27) +0.044 (+1.12) 0.593 (15.06) +0.071 (+1.80) 0.843 (21.41) +0.101 (+2.56)
12 0.406 (10.31) +0.049 (+1.24) 0.687 (17.45) +0.082 (+2.08) 1.000 (25.40) +0.120 (+3.05)
14 0.437 (11.10) +0.053 (+1.35) 0.750 (19.05) +0.090 (+2.29) ... ...
16 0.500 (12.70) +0.060 (+1.52) 0.843 (21.41) +0.101 (+2.57) ... ...
18 0.562 (14.27) +0.067 (+1.70) 0.937 (23.80) +0.112 (+2.84) ... ...
20 0.593 (15.06) +0.071 (+1.80) 1.031 (26.19) +0.124 (+3.15) ... ...
24 0.687 (17.45) +0.082 (+2.08) 1.218 (30.94) +0.146 (+3.71) ... ...
A
The minimum is the lowest wall thickness of the pipe at any cross section. The maximum permitted wall thickness, at any cross section, is the minimum wall thickness
plus the stated tolerance. All tolerances are on the plus side of the minimum requirement.
B
These dimensions conform to nominal IPS dimensions, with the exception that Schedule 120 wall thickness for pipe sizes 1⁄2 to 31⁄2 in. (12.5 to 87.5 mm), inclusive, are
special PVC plastic pipe sizes.
6.2.1 Accelerated Regression Test—The accelerated regres- intercept that meets the hydrostatic design basis category
sion test shall be used in place of both the sustained and burst requirement (see Tables 3-5 and Test Method D2837) for the
pressure tests, at the option of the manufacturer. The test shall PVC material used in its manufacture. (Example: PVC 1120
be conducted in accordance with 8.4.1. The pipe shall demon- pipe must have a minimum 100 000-h projection of 3830 psi
strate a hydrostatic design basis projection at the 100 000-h (26.40 MPa) and 85 % lower confidence limit (LCL).
pipe shall be as uniform as commercially practicable in color, 8.3 Sampling—The selection of the sample or samples of
opacity, density, and other physical properties. pipe shall be as agreed upon by the purchaser and seller. In case
of no prior agreement, any sample selected by the testing
NOTE 8—Color and transparency or opacity should be specified in the
contract or purchase order. laboratory shall be deemed adequate.
8.3.1 Test Specimens—Not less than 50 % of the test speci-
8. Test Methods mens required for any pressure test shall have at least a part of
8.1 Conditioning—Condition the test specimens at 74 °F 6 the marking in their central sections. The central section is that
4 °F (23 °C 6 2 °C) and 50 % 6 10 % relative humidity for portion of pipe which is at least one pipe diameter away from
not less than 40 h prior to test in accordance with Procedure A an end closure.
of Practice D618, for those tests where conditioning is re- 8.4 Sustained Pressure Test—Select the test specimens at
quired. random. Test individually with water at the internal pressures
8.2 Test Conditions—Conduct tests in the standard labora- given in Tables 3-5, six specimens of pipe, each specimen at
tory atmosphere of 73 °F 6 4 °F (23 °C 6 2 °C) and 50 % 6 least ten times the nominal diameter in length, but not less than
10 % relative humidity, unless otherwise specified in the test 10 in. (250 mm) or more than 3 ft (1 m) between end closures
methods or in this specification. and bearing the permanent marking on the pipe. Maintain the
specimens at the pressure indicated for a period of 1000 h. one of the six specimens tested in retest shall constitute failure
Hold the pressure as closely as possible, but within 610 psi in the test. Evidence of failure of the pipe shall be as defined in
(670 kPa). Condition the specimens at the test temperature of Test Method D1598.
73 °F (23 °C) to within 4 °F (62 °C). Test in accordance with 8.4.1 Accelerated Regression Test—Test in accordance with
Test Method D1598, except maintain the pressure at the values procedures in Test Method D1598, using either free end or
given in Tables 3-5 for 1000 h. Failure of two of the six restrained end fittings. A minimum of six samples shall be
specimens tested shall constitute failure in the test. Failure of tested. Test three specimens at a single pressure that will result
SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS
This requirement applies whenever a regulatory authority or user calls for product to be used to
convey or to be in contact with potable water.
S1. Potable Water Requirement—Products intended for acceptable certifying organization when required by the regu-
contact with potable water shall be evaluated, tested, and latory authority having jurisdiction.
certified for conformance with NSF/ANSI Standard No. 61 or
the health effects portion of NSF/ANSI Standard No. 14 by an
This requirement applies only to pipe to be used in systems that have not established other provisions for identification.
S2.Pipe Marking Requirement for Reclaimed Water stripes printed lengthwise on opposite sides of the pipe. The
Systems—Color identification of pipe shall be by (1) use of pipe shall be marked RECLAIMED WATER at intervals of 5
purple (violet) PVC material or (2) by use of continuous purple ft. or less.
GOVERNMENT/MILITARY PROCUREMENT
These requirements apply only to federal/military procurement, not domestic sales or transfers.
S1. Pipe for Reclaimed-Water System—Pipe used in these S3. Packaging and Marking for U.S. Government Procure-
systems shall be purple (violet) in color and it shall be marked ment:
Reclaimed Water. S3.1 Packaging—Unless otherwise specified in the
S2. Responsibility for Inspection—Unless otherwise speci- contract, the materials shall be packaged in accordance with
fied in the contract or purchase order, the producer is respon- the supplier’s standard practice in a manner ensuring arrival at
sible for the performance of all inspection and test require- destination in satisfactory condition and which will be accept-
ments specified herein. The producer may use his own or any able to the carrier at lowest rates. Containers and packing shall
other suitable facilities for the performance of the inspection comply with Uniform Freight Classification rules or National
and test requirements specified herein, unless the purchaser Motor Freight Classification rules.
disapproves. The purchaser shall have the right to perform any S3.2 Marking—Marking for shipment shall be in accor-
of the inspections and tests set forth in this specification where dance with Fed. Std. No. 123 for civil agencies and MIL-STD-
such inspections are deemed necessary to ensure that material 129 for military agencies.
conforms to prescribed requirements. NOTE S3.1—The inclusion of U.S. Government procurement require-
NOTE S2.1—In U.S. Federal contracts, the contractor is responsible for ments should not be construed as an indication that the U.S. Government
inspection. uses or endorses the products described in this specification.
APPENDIX
(Nonmandatory Information)
X1.1 The hydrostatic design stresses recommended by the tional information regarding the test method and other criteria
Plastics Pipe Institute are used to pressure rate PVC plastic used in developing these hydrostatic design stresses may be
pipe. These hydrostatic design stresses are 2000 psi (14 MPa), obtained from the Plastics Pipe Institute, a division of The
1600 psi (11 MPa), 1250 psi (9 MPa), and 1000 psi (7 MPa) for Society of the Plastics Industry, 355 Lexington Ave., New
water at 73 °F (23 °C). These hydrostatic design stresses apply York, NY 10017. These hydrostatic design stresses may not be
only to pipe meeting all the requirements of this specification. suitable for materials that show a wide departure from a
straight-line plot of log stress versus log time to failure. All the
X1.2 Six PVC pipe materials are included based on the
data available to date on PVC pipe materials made in the
requirements of Specification D1784 and the PPI-
United States exhibit a straight-line plot under these plotting
recommended hydrostatic design stresses as follows:
conditions.
X1.2.1 Type I, Grade 1 (12454-B), with a hydrostatic design
stress of 2000 psi (14 MPa), designated as PVC1120. X1.4 The pipe is rated for use with water at 73 °F (23 °C) at
X1.2.2 Type I, Grade 2 (12454-C), with a hydrostatic design the maximum internal pressures shown in Tables X1.1-X1.3.
stress of 2000 psi (14 MPa), designated as PVC1220. Lower pressure ratings than those calculated in accordance
with 3.2.3 may be recommended, at the option of the pipe
X1.2.3 Type II, Grade 1 (14333-D), with a hydrostatic
manufacturer, in which case the SDR shall be included in the
design stress of 2000 psi (14 MPa), designated as PVC2120.
marking. Experience of the industry indicates that PVC plastic
X1.2.4 Type II, Grade 1 (14333-D), with a hydrostatic pipe meeting the requirements of this specification gives
design stress of 1600 psi (11.2 MPa), designated as PVC2116. satisfactory service under normal conditions for a long period
X1.2.5 Type II, Grade 1 (14333-D), with a hydrostatic at these pressure ratings. The sustained pressure requirements
design stress of 1250 psi (8.7 MPa), designated as PVC2112. are related to these ratings through the slopes of the strength-
X1.2.6 Type II, Grade 1 (14333-D), with a hydrostatic time plots of these materials in pipe form.
design stress of 1000 psi (7.0 MPa), designated as PVC2110.
X1.5 The hydrostatic design stresses recommended by the
X1.3 The standard method for obtaining hydrostatic basis Plastics Pipe Institute are based on tests made on pipe ranging
for thermoplastic pipe materials is Test Method D2837. Addi- in size from 1⁄2 to 21⁄2 in. (12.5 to 63.5 mm).
⁄
14 1130 570 900 450 710 350 570 280
⁄
38 920 460 730 370 570 290 460 230
⁄
12 850 420 680 340 530 260 420 210
⁄
34 690 340 550 280 430 210 340 170
⁄
14 7.79 3.93 6.21 3.10 4.90 2.41 3.93 1.93
⁄
38 6.34 3.17 5.03 2.55 3.93 2.00 3.17 1.59
⁄
12 5.86 2.90 4.69 2.34 3.65 1.79 2.90 1.45
⁄
34 4.76 2.34 3.79 1.93 2.96 1.45 2.34 1.17
Nominal psi
Pipe PVC1120, PVC1220,
PVC2116 PVC2112 PVC2110
Size, PVC2120
in. Unthreaded Threaded Unthreaded Threaded Unthreaded Threaded Unthreaded Threaded
⁄
12 1010 510 810 410 630 320 510 250
3⁄ 4 770 390 620 310 480 240 390 190
1 720 360 570 290 450 220 360 180
1 1 ⁄4 600 300 480 240 370 190 300 150
1 1 ⁄2 540 270 430 210 340 170 270 130
2 470 240 380 190 290 150 240 120
2 1 ⁄2 470 230 370 190 290 150 230 120
3 440 220 360 180 280 140 220 110
3 1 ⁄2 380 190 310 150 240 120 190 100
4 430 220 340 170 270 130 220 110
5 400 200 320 160 250 120 200 100
6 370 190 300 150 230 120 190 90
8 380 180 290 140 230 110 180 90
10 370 180 290 140 230 110 180 90
12 340 170 270 140 210 110 170 80
MPa
⁄
12 6.96 3.52 5.58 2.83 4.34 2.21 3.52 1.72
3⁄ 4 5.31 2.69 4.27 2.14 3.31 1.65 2.69 1.31
1 4.96 2.48 3.93 2.00 3.10 1.52 2.48 1.24
1 1 ⁄4 4.14 2.07 3.31 1.65 2.55 1.31 2.07 1.03
1 1 ⁄2 3.72 1.86 2.96 1.45 2.34 1.17 1.86 0.90
2 3.24 1.65 2.62 1.31 2.00 1.03 1.65 0.83
2 1 ⁄2 3.24 1.59 2.55 1.31 2.00 1.03 1.59 0.83
3 3.03 1.52 2.48 1.24 1.93 0.97 1.52 0.76
3 1 ⁄2 2.62 1.31 2.14 1.03 1.65 0.83 1.31 0.69
4 2.96 1.52 2.34 1.17 1.86 0.90 1.52 0.76
5 2.76 1.38 2.21 1.10 1.72 0.83 1.38 0.69
6 2.55 1.31 2.07 1.03 1.59 0.83 1.31 0.62
8 2.62 1.24 2.00 0.97 1.59 0.76 1.24 0.62
10 2.55 1.24 2.00 0.97 1.59 0.76 1.24 0.62
12 2.34 1.17 1.86 0.97 1.45 0.76 1.17 0.55
SUMMARY OF CHANGES
Committee F17 has identified the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue (F1785–21)
that may impact the use of this standard. (Approved August 1, 2021.)
Committee F17 has identified the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue (F1785–15ɛ1)
that may impact the use of this standard. (Approved May 1, 2021.)
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