Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry 2019; 8(3): 4447-4449

E-ISSN: 2278-4136
P-ISSN: 2349-8234
JPP 2019; 8(3): 4447-4449 Management of Cercospora leaf spot in bottle
Received: 24-03-2019
Accepted: 26-04-2019 gourd by integrated means under semi-arid
RK Bagri
conditions in Rajasthan
Associate Professor, RARI,
Durgapura, Jaipur, Rajasthan,
India RK Bagri, J Singh, SK Goyal, Nitin Chawla, RS Sharma, Yogesh Sharma
and Manju Kumari
J Singh
Assistant Professor, College of
Agriculture, Bharatpur, Abstract
Rajasthan, India Bottle gourd [Lagenaria siceraria (Mol.) Standl] is a commonly grown vegetable crop in India, which is
also grown in Ethiopia, Africa, Central America and other warmer regions of the world. It is widely
SK Goyal grown on open fields as well as in river beds throughout the year. It is also suitable for cultivation in hot
Assistant Professor, RARI, dry areas. The fruits can be used for juice, as a vegetable or for making sweets. As a vegetable, it is easily
Durgapura, Jaipur, Rajasthan, digestible, even by patients. Cercospora Leaf spot found to cause serious losses in bottle guard crop
India throughout Rajasthan and other states. Characteristic symptoms are small gray or white irregular spots
with black margin; the centers of these leaf spots are light brown. The field trial was conducted during
Nitin Chawla Kharif season of 2015 to 2018 at RARI, Durgapura for the integrated disease management of Cercospora
Assistant Professor, RARI,
Leaf spot in bottle gourd through different means and combinations among seven treatments. The
Durgapura, Jaipur, Rajasthan,
India
minimum disease incidence (12.39%) and maximum yield (338.5 q/ha) were observed in treatment T5
(T0+ Seed treatment with carbendazim 12%+ mancozeb 63% @ 3 g/kg and drenching of Captan 70%
RS Sharma +Hexaconazole 5% WP @ 0.1% 15 days after germination followed by spraying of Tebuconazole 50% +
Assistant Professor, RARI, Trifloxystrobin 25% @1g/l + spray with (Imidacloprid 17.8 SL @ 7.5 ml/ 15 l + Neem oil 0.2%)
Durgapura, Jaipur, Rajasthan, followed by Fosetyl-Al @ 0.1% followed by spraying of Tebuconazole 50% + Trifloxystrobin 25%
India @1g/l + spray with (Imidacloprid 17.8 SL @ 7.5 ml/ 15 l + Neem oil 0.2%) followed by Fosetyl-Al @
0.1% at 10 days interval) while maximum disease incidence (37.15%) and minimum yield (225.7
Yogesh Sharma q/ha)were observed in treatment T7 (Control).
Assistant Professor, RARI,
Durgapura, Jaipur, Rajasthan, Keywords: Cercospora, bottle gourd, semi-arid, conditions
India

Manju Kumari Introduction

Assistant, Professor, College of Bottle gourd [Lagenaria siceraria (Mol.) Standl] is a commonly grown vegetable crop in
Agriculture, Nagaur, Rajasthan, India, which is also grown in Ethiopia, Africa, Central America and other warmer regions of
India the world. It is widely grown on open fields as well as in river beds throughout the year. It is
also suitable for cultivation in hot dry areas. The fruits can be used as a vegetable or for
making sweets. As a vegetable, it is easily digestible, even by patients (Thamburaj and Singh,
2000) [4]. It is gaining importance due to its high yield potential, steady market price
throughout the season. The fruits contain 0.2% protein, 2.9% carbohydrates, 0.5% fat and 11
mg of vitamin C per 100 g fresh weight (Aykroyd, 1963) [1]. It also has wide medicinal
properties such as laxative, digestive and to prevent constipation. The crop is attacked by a
number of diseases such as, Cercospora leaf spot, Alternaria leaf blight, powdery mildew,
downy mildew and anthracnose, amongst which Cercospora leaf spot caused by Cercospora
citrullina is found to cause serious losses throughout Rajasthan and other states. Characteristic
symptoms are small gray or white irregular spots with black margin; the centers of these leaf
spots are light brown. So far, information available on disease management of Cercospora leaf
spot of bottle gourd under hot arid condition is scanty. Keeping in view, the present study was
undertaken to aware the management of Cercospora leaf spot of bottle gourd in under semi-
arid conditions in Rajasthan.

Materials & Methods

The field trials were conducted during rainy season of 2015 to 2018 at Rajasthan Agricultural
Research Institute, Durgapura, Jaipur in vegetable block. A bottle gourd variety Pusa Naveen
was sown on Kharif in all years in the field in Randomized Block Design with three
Correspondence replications for integrated management of Cercospora leaf spot of bottle gourd through
RK Bagri botanical, fungicides, insecticide and their different combinations. Seven treatments such as
Associate Professor, RARI,
Durgapura, Jaipur, Rajasthan, T0: Growing of two rows of maize as border crops and use of agri silver mulch sheet. T1: T0 +
India Seed treatment with Seed Pro @ 25 g/kg and soil drenching of Seed Pro @ 5% at 1st true leaf
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Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry

stage after germination followed by 5-6 spray of Seed Pro with carbendazim 12%+ mancozeb 63% @ 3 g/kg and
(1%) at 10 day interval in rotation with Neem oil (0.2%) drenching of Captan 70% +Hexaconazole 5% WP @ 0.1% 15
alternatively after 15 days after drenching, T2: T0 + Seed days after germination followed by spraying of Tebuconazole
treatment with carbendazim 12%+ mancozeb 63% @ 3 g/kg 50% + Trifloxystrobin 25% @1g/l + spray with (Imidacloprid
and drenching of Captan 70% +Hexaconazole 5% WP @ 17.8 SL @ 7.5 ml/ 15 l + Neem oil 0.2%) followed by
0.1% at 1st true leaf stage after germination followed by 5-6 Fosetyl-Al @ 0.1% followed by spraying of Tebuconazole
spraying of Seed Pro (1%) at 10 day interval in rotation with 50% + Trifloxystrobin 25% @1g/l + spray with (Imidacloprid
Neem oil (0.2%) alternatively after 15 days after drenching’ 17.8 SL @ 7.5 ml/ 15 l + Neem oil 0.2%) followed by
T3: T0 + Seed treatment with Seed Pro @ 25 g/kg and soil Fosetyl-Al @ 0.1% at 10 days intervals) with maximum yield
drenching of Seed Pro @ 5% 1st true leaf stage after (338.5 Q/ha). Treatment T5 and T4 are statistically at per each
germination followed by spraying of Captan 70% + other.
Hexaconazole 5% WP @ 0.1% followed by spraying of The next best treatments was observed T6 (T0 + Seed
(Imidacloprid 17.8 SL @ 7.5 ml/ 15 l + Neem oil 0.2%) treatment with carbendazim 12%+ mancozeb 63% @ 3 g/kg
followed by Fosetyl-Al @ 0.1% followed by Captan 70% + and drenching of Captan 70% +Hexaconazole 5% WP @
Hexaconazole 5% WP @ 0.1% followed by spraying of 0.1% 15 days after germination followed by spraying of
(Imidacloprid 17.8 SL @ 7.5 ml/ 15 l + Neem oil 0.2%) Tebuconazole 50% + Trifloxystrobin 25% @1g/l + spray with
followed by Fosetyl-Al @ 0.1% at 10 days interval, T4: T0 + (Imidacloprid 17.8 SL @ 7.5 ml/ 15 l + Neem oil 0.2%)
Seed treatment with Seed Pro @ 25 g/kg and soil drenching of followed by Fosetyl-Al @ 0.1% followed by spraying of
Seed Pro @ 5% at1st true leaf stage after germination Tebuconazole 50% + Trifloxystrobin 25% @1g/l + spray with
followed by spray of (Imidacloprid 17.8 SL @ 7.5 ml/ 15 l + (Imidacloprid 17.8 SL @ 7.5 ml/ 15 l + Neem oil 0.2%)
Neem oil 0.2%) followed by spray of Tebuconazole 50% + followed by Fosetyl-Al @ 0.1% at 10 days interval.) with
Trifloxystrobin 25% @1g/l followed by Fosetyl-Al @ 0.1%, yield(324.8 Q/ha) and maximum disease incidence was
followed by spray of Tebuconazole 50% + Trifloxystrobin observed in treatment T7 (37.15) with minimum Yield (225.7
25% @1g/l followed by spray of (Imidacloprid 17.8 SL @ 7.5 Q/ha). Dushyant et al., (2014) [3] found in the field that
ml/ 15 l + Neem oil 0.2%) followed by Fosetyl-Al @ 0.1% at carbendazim + mancozeb was the most effective treatment for
10 days interval T5: T0 + Seed treatment with carbendazim management of early blight of tomato (Alternaria solani) with
12%+ mancozeb 63% @ 3 g/kg and drenching of Captan 70% the minimum disease severity of 8.2%, followed by mancozeb
+Hexaconazole 5% WP @ 0.1% 15 days after germination and iprodione + carbendazim with disease severity of 11.4%
followed by spraying of Tebuconazole 50% + Trifloxystrobin and 15.2%, respectively. Maheshwari et al. (2017) [5] also
25% @1g/l + spray with (Imidacloprid 17.8 SL @ 7.5 ml/ 15 reported that combined treatment of carbendazim (Seed
l + Neem oil 0.2%) followed by Fosetyl-Al @ 0.1% followed treatment) @ 0.1% + mancozeb (Foliar spray) @ 0.25% +
by spraying of Tebuconazole 50% + Trifloxystrobin 25% Pseudomonas fluorescens (Foliar spray) @ 5.0% + neem leaf
@1g/l + spray with (Imidacloprid 17.8 SL @ 7.5 ml/ 15 l + extract (Foliar spray) @ 5.0% was found the most effective
Neem oil 0.2%) followed by Fosetyl-Al @ 0.1% at 10 days with minimum disease incidence of 9.25%, minimum disease
interval, T6: T0 + Seed treatment with carbendazim 12%+ severity of 7.07% and maximum disease control (78.23%) and
mancozeb 63% @ 3 g/kg and drenching of Captan 70 % Devappa et al. (2016) [2] reported that management of
+Hexaconazole 5% WP @ 0.1% 15 days after germination Alternaria and Cercospora leaf spot disease of chilli, lowest
followed by spray with (Imidacloprid 17.8 SL @ 7.5 ml/ 15 l percent disease index was observed in combination spray of
+ Neem oil 0.2%) followed by spraying of Captan 70% Tilt 25% EC @ 0.05% + Eucalyptus Spp@10% +
+Hexaconazole 5% WP @ 0.1% followed by Fosetyl-Al @ Pseudomonas fluorescens @5g/lt.
0.1% followed by spraying of Captan 70% +Hexaconazole
5% WP @ 0.1% + spray with (Imidacloprid 17.8 SL @ 7.5 Conclusion
ml/ 15 l + Neem oil 0.2%) followed by Fosetyl-Al @ 0.1% at It is concluded that Cercospora is a destructive pathogen
30 days after drenching and T7: Control were taken for this causing a widespread destruction in vegetables but it becomes
study. Seed treatment (ST) was done before sowing of bottle easier to control this cosmopolitan fungus. Keeping in mind,
gourd crop. it is advisable to the growers to manage Cercospora leaf spot
Cercospora Leaf spot was observed in the field during both disease of bottle gourd by adopting management measures of
the years. Isolation was made in the laboratory. Small bits combine treatments (T0+ Seed treatment with carbendazim
with typical disease symptoms of infected leaves along with 12%+ mancozeb 63% @ 3 g/kg and drenching of Captan 70%
healthy tissues were cut with the help of sterile blade, surface +Hexaconazole 5% WP @ 0.1% 15 days after germination
sterilized with 0.1% mercuric chloride for 30 seconds followed by spraying of Tebuconazole 50% + Trifloxystrobin
followed by three washing with sterilized water and plated 25% @1g/l + spray with (Imidacloprid 17.8 SL @ 7.5 ml/ 15
aseptically in the Petri plates containing 2% Potato Dextrose l + Neem oil 0.2%) followed by Fosetyl-Al @ 0.1% followed
Agar (PDA) Medium and incubated at 25±1 °C for seven by spraying of Tebuconazole 50% + Trifloxystrobin 25%
days. Pathogenicity was established on healthy plants of @1g/l + spray with (Imidacloprid 17.8 SL @ 7.5 ml/ 15 l +
bottle gourd variety ‘Pusa Naveen’. The per cent data were Neem oil 0.2%) followed by Fosetyl-Al @ 0.1% at 10 days
angular transformed and statistically analyzed in RBD. interval) This disease may attains an alarming status and may
wreak havoc in bottle gourd growing areas if not taken care
Results and Discussion well in time. Therefore, it is need of the hour to know
Data on disease incidence of Cercospora leaf spot are effective management strategy against this dreaded disease of
presented in table 1. All the treatments were found superior the crop.
than control in case of disease incidence. Cercospora leaf spot
was found with ranging from 12.39 to 37.15 disease
incidence. Among 7 treatments, minimum disease incidence
was observed in treatment T5 (12.39): (T0 + Seed treatment
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Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry

Table 1: Integrated Disease Management of Cercospora Leaf spot

for Bottle gourd
Treatments PDI (Cercospora Leaf spot) (φ) Yield Q/ha,
T1 14.11(22.05) 276.2
T2 12.67(20.82) 285.5
T3 8.68(17.11) 310.4
T4 9.83(18.26) 301.3
T5 4.66(12.39) 338.5
T6 6.50(14.73) 324.8
T7 36.50(37.15) 225.7
SEM ± 0.41 32.16
CD 5% 1.163 11.29

References
1. Aykroyd WR. The Nutritive value of Indian Foods and
Planning of satisfactory diet. ICMR Special Rep. Series
No. 42, 1963.
2. Devappa V, Thejakumar MB. Integrated Management of
Chilli leaf spot Caused by Alternaria alternata and
Cercospora capsici under field condition, 2016.
3. Dushyant Khatri NK, Prasad J, Maheshwari SK. Efficacy
of fungicides against early blight of tomato caused by
Alternaria solani. Annals Plant Protect. Sci. 2014;
22(1):148-151.
4. Thamburaj S, Singh N. Textbook of Vegetables, Tuber
crops and Spices. Published by DIPA, ICAR, and New
Delhi, 2000, 469.
5. Maheshwari SK, Choudhary BR, Sarma BD, Saroj PL.
Management of Alternaria Leaf Blight of Bottle Gourdin
Western Rajasthan, India Int. J Curr. Microbiology. App.
Sci. 2017; 6(6):1272-1277

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