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    Report Suhawna

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    Report_Suhawna

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    of 20

    MOTI BABU INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

    Affiliated to BEU (A Govt.Tech. University) Patna, Approved by AICTE, Delhi


    MBIT Campus, Industrial Estate of NH-57, Forbesganj, Araria, Bihar,854318

    REPORT ON
    DAM

    BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
    IN
    CIVIL ENGINEERING

    Submitted by: Submitted To:


    Suhawna Verma Mr. Kundan Kumar Das
    (20101121013) (HOD, CE)
    DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
    MOTI BABU INSTITUDE OF TECHNOLOGY
    FORBESGANJ

    CERTIFICATE

    This is to certify that the – “This Report” submitted by Suhawna


    Verma (Reg. No.: 20101121013) is work done by him and submitted
    during 2020-24 academic year, in partial fulfilment of the requirements
    for the award of the degree of BACHOLAR OF TECHNOLOGY in
    CIVIL ENGINERRING.

    EXTERNAL’S SIGNATURE INTERNAL’S SIGNATURE

    HEAD OF THE
    DEEPARTMENT’S
    SIGNATURE
    REPORT

    ON

    DAM
    Abstract

    The accompanying contextual investigation is done by on a stretch of 74 km


    distance what begins from Bhakra dam in Bhakra Village, Himachal Pradesh.
    The motivation behind the review was to break down how stream water is
    utilized in Punjab for water system and power age purposes.

    The review includes definite contextual investigation of the Famous Bhakra


    Nangal Project and different specialized projects like Aqueducts and
    Diversion Headworks which are developed on the method of stream of
    waterway Sutlej.

    The review was likewise led to examine how the water from Sutlej stream is
    redirected in Nangal by developing Headworks and using that water for water
    system purposes.
    Introduction

    Under the Indus water deal endorsed in 1960 among India and Pakistan, the
    waters of the streams Ravi, Beas and Sutlej came solely to the portion of
    India. The country has/is going on to bridle the capability of these waterways
    completely.

    Bhakra Beas Complex is one of the biggest Multipurpose River Valley


    Systems in India. It comprises of Bhakra and Nangal dam for water system
    and power age reason.

    Bhakra Nangal Project contains the Bhakra Dam, Nangal Dam, Nangal
    Hydel Channel, Ganguwal and Kotla power houses. The development of the
    Bhakra Nangal project was begun in 1948 and was finished in 1963.
    Bhakra Nangal Project

    Bhakra Dam : Bhakra dam is a straight gravity substantial construction


    transcending the most reduced establishment and spreading over the crevasse
    with 518.16m length at the top. It has two power generation units to be
    reckoned with on one or the other side. The lake made by the dam known as
    the popular Gobind Sagar named after Tenth Guru 'Master Gobind Singh' has
    168.35 sq km region with gross capacity of 9621 million cum.

    Bhakra Dam
    The basic idea behind the construction of the dam was generated when in
    1908 after hunting Sir Louis Dane ICS Officer saw a leopard jumping from
    one end of the George to the other end. He was so inspired that he said “A
    site made naturally made by God”. The following figures show the
    construction of the dam.

    Site selected for Bhakra Dam

    Blasting at the site of Bhakra Dam


    Foundation work at the site

    Laying of Slab for the Dam


    Final work at the site

    The Bhakra Dam dedicated to the Nation


    Beneath the highest point of the dam a 79.25m long flood spillway has been
    given to pass the rising waters. The release of the spillway is constrained by
    four 15.24m long and 14.48m high spiral entryways. Sixteen stream outlets
    2.64*2.64m each organized in two levels of eight outlets each in the focal
    spillway part of the dam, are utilized for arrival of extra water from the
    supply for water system necessities. The flood spillway and the waterway
    outlets together can release 8212 cumecs of rising waters.

    Inside the dam around 5km long displays are given at different rises to
    establishment grouting and seepage and review at the inside of the dam. A
    9.14m wide street has been given at the highest point of the dam.

    The information related to dam is-

    1) Bhakra Dam

    Concrete straight
    Type of Dam
    gravity
    Height above deepest
    226m(740ft)
    foundation
    Height above river bed 167.64m(550ft)
    Length at top 518.16m(1700ft)
    Width at top 9.14m(30ft)
    Length at bottom 99.06m(325ft)
    Width at base 190.5m(625ft)
    2) River diversion Works

    Number of tunnels 2
    Length of each tunnel 0.805km(0.5 miles)

    3) Reservoir-

    Catchment area 56980 sqkm(22000sq mile)


    Normal reservoir level EL.513.58m EL.(1685ft)
    Dead storage level EL.445.62m EL.(1462ft)
    Area of reservoir 168.35 sqkm(65 sq miles)
    Length of reservoir 96.56 km(60 miles)
    Live storage capacity at 7191 million cum(583 million
    EL.1685ft acre ft)
    9621 million cum(780 million
    Gross storage capacity
    acre ft)
    2430 million cum(197 million
    Dead storage capacity
    acre ft)
    Total cost of project Rs 245.28 crores

    4) River outlets and Flood control gates-

    Number of outltets 16 in two tiers of 8 each at EL.


    1320and 1420ft
    Size of outlets 2.64*2.64m (8.67ft*8.67ft)
    Number and size of flood 4 no. 15.24m*14.5m(50ft*47.5ft)
    gates
    5) Bhakra power plants-

    Number of power houses 2


    Installed capacity of left power 450MW-5 units of 90 MW each
    house
    Increased capacity 540MW-5 units of 108MW
    each
    Installed capacity of right 600MW-5 units of 120MW
    power house each
    Increased capacity 785MW-5 units of 157MW
    each

    There are two power plants at Bhakra one on the right side and other on the
    left side. The all out introduced limit of these plants was 1050 MW. This has
    been as of late moved up to 1325MW.
    Nangal Dam and Nangal Hydel Channel: Nangal dam is arranged on the
    waterway Sutlej about 13 km downstream of the Bhakra Dam. The dam is
    29m high involves 26 coves of 9.14m length each. Its intended to pass a flood
    release of 9910 cumecs. The dam redirects the waters of waterway Sutlej into
    the Nangal Hydel Channel and Anandpur Sahib Hydel channel for power age
    and water system purposes. The Nangal lake goes about as an adjusting
    repository to smoothen out the diurnal varieties in lets out of bhakra power
    plants.

    Nangal hydel channel a 61.06 km long lined channel, takes off from the left
    bank of waterway Sutlej. Its water is used at Ganguwal and Kotla power plant
    for producing power. From that point it is delivered for water system
    purposes.

    1) Nangal Dam-

    Height 29m (95ft)


    Length 304.8m (1000ft)

    Nangal Dam
    2) Nangal Hydel Channel-

    Length 61.06 km(37.94


    miles)
    Discharge 354 cumecs(12500
    cumecs)

    Nangal Hydel Channel


    3) Power houses on Nangal Hydel Channel-

    Number 2
    Generation 77.65MW(2 units of
    capacity at 24.2MW each and
    Ganguwal and one unit of 29.25
    Kotla power house MW
    Total generation 155.30 MW
    capacity
    Head of Water 28.35 m (93ft)

    3) Ganguwal and Kotla Power plants-

    Two electricity generation houses to be reckoned with are on the Nangal


    hydel Channel. One is the Ganguwal, 19km downstream Nangal and other
    is Kotla 10 km downstream Ganguwal. Both the forces to be reckoned with
    are indistinguishable having 3 units with age limit of 155.30MW.

    Ganguwal Power House


    Kotla Power House

    4) Benefits of the Project-

    New areas irrigated 26 lakh hectares(65 lakh acres)


    Area where irrigation improved 9 lakh hectares(22 lakh acres)
    Number of towns electrified 128
    Number of villages electrified 13000

    Cross Drainage Works: The design which is developed at the intersection


    of a waterway and a characteristic in order to securely arrange off the seepage
    water intruding on the consistent channel supplies is known as a cross
    drainage works.

    A cross drainage work is for the most part an expensive development and to
    keep away from its development to an absolute minimum channels are
    adjusted along water shed lines
    Cross drainage works are of two types :
    1) Aqueduct
    2) Superpassage and Syphon Aqueduct

    1) Lahond Syphon Aqueduct-In the event that High Flood Level(HFL)


    of the regular drain is higher than the lower part of channel with the goal that
    the drain water goes through the reservoir conduit barrels under syphonic
    activity, the construction is known as Siphon reservoir conduit. The best
    illustration of the siphon water system is Lohand Siphon reservoir conduit
    arranged at 5kms from Sri Anandpur Sahib.

    For this situation the water from anandpur sahib hydel channel joins with
    Yamuna trench and structures Sutlej Yamuna Link(SYL) and it is this
    channel which goes about as channel and the Bhakra Main Line(BML)
    waterway which goes about as waterway. Here the HFL of SYL channel is
    above BML waterway and the BML trench goes beneath the SYL trench by
    pipes which are called siphons.

    Lohand Syphon
    The detail of the lohand syphon is given below :

    Number of 9 barrels are there


    barrels
    Dimension of 12*12
    barrels
    Discharge 12500 cs
    Escape regulator 24 each
    span

    2) Sirsa Aqueduct - The design which is developed for the movement of


    trench supply over a characteristic drain is called a water channel. It is
    favored when the bed level of the channel is at a more significant level than
    the most noteworthy flood level(HFL) in the normal seepage. For this
    situation the bed level of the Bhakra Main Line(BML) channel is at more
    elevated level than the sirsa water system. The BML waterway passes over
    the Sirsa stream. The detail of the sirsa water channel is given underneath

    Number of barrels 5 number


    Length of aqueduct 500 meter
    Depth of canal before and after 30-35 ft
    aqueduct
    Depth of canal at aqueduct 9 ft
    Sirsa Aqueduct
    References

    1. Kumar N, 2018, Bhakra Dam – Geopgraphy Project, slideshare.net


    2. Santhosh2121, 2014,Design-of-Aqueduct, slideshare.net
    3. Gauravhtandon 1, 2015, Cross Drainage Works, slideshare.net

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