Manual

Introduction
General
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1 Introduction................................................................................................................................. 11
1.1 General ................................................................................................................................... 11
1.2 Documentation ....................................................................................................................... 12
2 User Interface .............................................................................................................................. 13
2.1 Ribbons or Toolbars ............................................................................................................... 13
2.1.1 Selection of input options in a ribbon version ...................................... 14
2.1.2 Editing selected elements...................................................................... 15
2.1.3 Buttons and Menu Last actions ............................................................. 15
2.1.4 File menu, settings, import, export, language and Ribbon Settings ..... 16
2.1.5 Switching between a Ribbon and a Toolbar version ............................ 16
2.2 Documents and Views ............................................................................................................ 17
2.3 Layout of the User Interface ................................................................................................... 18
2.4 Tooltips................................................................................................................................... 19
2.5 Catalog and Project Administration........................................................................................ 19
2.6 Features of our Dialogs .......................................................................................................... 20
2.6.1 Catalog Selection in our dialogs ........................................................... 21
2.6.2 Material Selection and Texture Coordinates ........................................ 22
2.6.3 Properties and Representation of Building Materials ........................... 24
2.6.4 Calculations in Input Fields .................................................................. 27
2.6.5 Text Properties ...................................................................................... 28
2.6.6 Layer construction of Building Components ........................................ 28
2.6.7 Selecting Colours, Defining your own Colours .................................... 29
2.7 Input Aids ............................................................................................................................... 30
2.7.1 Insertion using ‘Ctrl+ w’, Changing Reference Points ......................... 30
2.7.2 Construction support ............................................................................. 31
2.7.3 Example of the Use of Construction Aids ............................................ 31
2.7.4 Example using Coordinates .................................................................. 36
2.7.5 Adjust, Insert and Delete Polygon-points ............................................. 37
2.7.6 Angle grid ............................................................................................. 39
2.7.7 Move Selected Element, Move Selected Element with
Reference Point ................................................................................................... 40
2.8 Editing Tools .......................................................................................................................... 41
2.8.1 Delete and Select Wizards ................................................. 42
2.9 Multiple Copies of Objects ..................................................................................................... 43
2.10 Moving Objects To Other Layers ....................................................................................... 44
2.11 Mirror elements ................................................................................................................... 45
3 First Steps .................................................................................................................................... 47
3.1 The Building- / Project Wizard .............................................................................................. 47
3.2 Step 1: Edit Project Data ........................................................................................................ 47
3.3 Step 2: basic settings and shape selection ............................................................................... 48
3.4 Step 3: Edit Dimensions ......................................................................................................... 49
3.5 Step 4: Create Floors .............................................................................................................. 49
3.6 Step 6: Roof ............................................................................................................................ 50
3.7 Creating a project ................................................................................................................... 53
3.8 Creating Views ....................................................................................................................... 56
3.9 Inserting Walls ....................................................................................................................... 59
Page 1
Introduction
General
3.9.1 Exterior Walls ....................................................................................... 59

3.9.2 Interior Walls ........................................................................................ 64
3.10 Inserting Windows And Doors ........................................................................................... 69
3.10.1 Inserting Windows ................................................................................ 69
3.10.2 Inserting Doors ..................................................................................... 74
3.11 Inserting Stairs .................................................................................................................... 76
3.12 Copying a Floor .................................................................................................................. 81
3.13 Inserting a Roof .................................................................................................................. 84
3.14 Inserting Dormers ............................................................................................................... 90
3.15 Objects, Textures and Materials.......................................................................................... 93
3.15.1 Objects .................................................................................................. 93
4 Properties of Views ..................................................................................................................... 97
4.1 Arranging Views .................................................................................................................... 97
4.2 Tab Pages ............................................................................................................................... 97
4.3 Switching Views ..................................................................................................................... 98
4.4 Visibilities .............................................................................................................................. 99
4.5 Scale ..................................................................................................................................... 101
4.6 Setting a 3D View point ................................................................................................ 102
4.7 Zooming, Scrolling and Rotating ......................................................................................... 103
4.7.1 Zooming .............................................................................................. 103
4.7.2 Additional Functions in 3D Views ..................................................... 103
4.7.3 Scrolling .............................................................................................. 103
4.7.4 Rotating in 3D Views ......................................................................... 104
4.8 Snap Function ....................................................................................................................... 104
4.9 Align Function ............................................................................................................. 104

4.10 2D Views / Cross-Sections ............................................................................................... 105
4.10.1 Creating Cross-Sections ...................................................................... 105
4.10.2 Options for Cross-Section Symbols .................................................... 107
4.10.3 Exterior Views, Representation with concealed Edges ...................... 108
4.10.4 Editing a cross-section view depth ..................................................... 109
4.10.5 Saving Images from 2D Views ..................................................... 111
4.11 2D Graphic Views and Parallel Perspectives ...................................................... 111
4.12 3D Views .......................................................................................................................... 112
4.12.1 General Settings .................................................................................. 112
4.12.2 Walkthrough.................................................................................. 113
4.12.3 Background ......................................................................................... 114
4.12.4 Snap Points and Dimensions............................................................... 115
4.12.5 Position of the Sun .............................................................................. 115
4.12.6 Copying and Editing Materials and Textures .................... 118
4.12.7 Raytracing ..................................................................................... 118
4.12.8 Raytracing Details............................................................................... 119
4.12.9 Shadows, ambient occlusion and smooth shadows ............................ 120
4.12.10 View Points ................................................................................ 124
4.12.11 Saving Images............................................................................ 125
4.13 3D Full Screen Mode ........................................................................................................ 126
4.14 Adjusting 3D Views .......................................................................................................... 127
Page 2
Introduction
General
4.15 Presentation and Sketch Views ......................................................................................... 128

5 General Settings ........................................................................................................................ 130
5.1 Units ..................................................................................................................................... 130
5.2 The Grid ............................................................................................................................... 131
5.3 Selection ............................................................................................................................... 131
5.4 The Snap Function ................................................................................................................ 132
5.5 The Align Function............................................................................................................... 133
5.6 Folders .................................................................................................................................. 134
5.7 Tools ..................................................................................................................................... 135
6 The Catalog ............................................................................................................................... 138
6.1 The Contents......................................................................................................................... 138
6.1.1 Windows/Doors/Skylights/Walls ............................................... 138
6.1.2 3D Objects .................................................................................. 138
6.1.3 Textures ...................................................................................... 140
6.1.4 Materials ..................................................................................... 140
6.1.5 2D Symbols ................................................................................ 141

6.2 Groups, alias Mini-Projects .................................................................................................. 141
6.3 New Group Catalog .............................................................................................................. 142
6.3.1 Saving your own groups to the catalog ............................................... 143
6.3.2 What is saved to a group? ................................................................... 144
6.3.3 Loading and inserting groups from the catalog .................................. 145
6.3.4 Editing, changing, separating groups .................................................. 146
6.3.5 Notes on groups with building components ....................................... 147
6.3.6 Groups with walls or room boundaries ............................................... 147
6.3.7 Visibilities of groups, visibilities when separating a group ................ 148
6.3.8 Components of a group, elements which are not available in your
software version ................................................................................................ 149
6.4 Balconies, as Groups in our catalog ..................................................................................... 149
6.4.1 Editing balcony groups ....................................................................... 150
6.5 Creating your own Directories, Modifing Preview Images .................................................. 150
6.6 Additional Functions ............................................................................................................ 151
6.6.1 Snap Points for 3D Objects ................................................................. 151
6.6.2 Effect of Snap Points when Positioning 3D Objects .......................... 152
6.6.3 Additional Information and Properties for 3D Objects ...................... 152
6.6.4 Open File, Selecting Files Locally .............................................. 158
6.7 Changes to the catalog for 3D Objects, Textures, Materials, 2D-Symbols and Groups ....... 158
6.7.1 Creating and managing your own directories ..................................... 159
7 The Project Viewer / Projects .................................................................................................. 161
7.1 General ................................................................................................................................. 161
7.2 Project Properties.................................................................................................................. 162
7.3 Buildings ...................................................................................................................... 163
7.4 Floors / Creating New Floors .......................................................................... 163
7.4.1 Lengthen, Rotate, Mirror, Copy Buildings ......................................... 164
7.5 Copying buildings and floors, mirror with copy,… .............................................................. 168
Page 3
Introduction
General
7.5.1 Copying and mirroring a building ...................................................... 169

7.5.2 Copying your current floor to new building or new project ............... 170
7.5.3 Moving your current floor .................................................................. 174
7.6 Copying layers, copying selected elements onto a new layer ............................................... 175
7.6.1 Copying layers .................................................................................... 176
7.6.2 Copying selected elements to a new layer .......................................... 178
7.7 Conversion, new construction, demolition - 2D representation of layers ............................. 179
7.7.1 Changing the 2D representation of elements on a layer (demolition -
new construction) .............................................................................................. 179
7.8 Apartments .................................................................................................................... 181
7.8.1 Apartment Views ................................................................................ 182
7.9 Layers ........................................................................................................................... 183
7.9.1 Levels of Layers.................................................................................. 183
7.9.2 Floors/Rooms with Split Levels ......................................................... 184
7.9.3 Changing the Height or Level of Floors ............................................. 185
7.10 Rooms ............................................................................................................................... 187
7.10.1 Properties of Rooms............................................................................ 187
7.10.2 Labelling Rooms ................................................................................. 188
7.10.3 Calculating Areas ................................................................................ 189
7.10.4 The Floor, Material and structural Layers .......................................... 189
8 General Functions ..................................................................................................................... 190
8.1 Automatically saving projects, saving reminder ................................................................... 190
8.2 Guidelines .................................................................................................................. 192

8.2.1 2D Guidelines ..................................................................................... 192
8.2.2 3D Guidelines .............................................................................. 193
8.3 Measurement ............................................................................................................. 197
8.4 Dimensions ................................................................................................................ 198
8.4.1 General ................................................................................................ 198
8.4.2 2D and 3D Single Dimensions............................................................ 200
8.4.3 2D and 3D Multiple Dimensions ........................................................ 201
8.4.4 Height Dimensions ............................................................................. 202
8.4.5 Angle measurement ............................................................................ 202
8.5 Height dimensions with alternative values above sea level in section and elevation views . 202
8.6 Dimensions for Windows and Doors on axis ....................................................................... 204
8.7 Automatic dimensioning drafts ............................................................................................ 207
8.7.1 Options and comments for automatic dimensions .............................. 207
8.7.2 Automatic dimensioning draft for the active layer ............................. 209
8.7.3 Automatic dimensioning draft for a single wall ................................. 209
8.7.4 Separate automatic dimensions into individual dimension lines ........ 210
8.7.5 Transfer properties of automatic dimensions...................................... 211
8.8 Text ............................................................................................................................ 211
8.8.1 Autotext .............................................................................................. 212
8.9 Item text ................................................................................................................................ 213
8.9.1 Automatic item texts ........................................................................... 215
8.9.2 Creating automatic item texts ............................................................. 215
Page 4
Introduction
General
8.9.3 Editing automatic item texts ............................................................... 217

8.9.4 Transferring properties of automatic item texts .................................. 217
8.9.5 Visibilities of automatic item texts ..................................................... 218
8.9.6 Hiding item texts for individual walls ................................................ 219
8.10 2D Symbols....................................................................................................................... 220
8.11 Title Blocks, Autotext in 2D Symbols .............................................................................. 222
8.12 Printing ...................................................................................................................... 223
8.13 Groups ....................................................................................................................... 226
8.14 Display Priority ................................................................................................................. 226
8.15 North Arrow and Origin .................................................................................................... 226
8.16 Transfer properties .................................................................................................... 227
8.16.1 Selecting Properties ............................................................................ 227
8.16.2 Selecting target Objects. ..................................................................... 228
8.16.3 Selecting Objects manually ................................................................ 229
9 Plug-in Building Components ....................................................................................... 230
9.1 Walls .......................................................................................................................... 230
9.1.1 Wall Types .......................................................................................... 230
9.1.2 Insertion Modes .................................................................................. 230
9.1.3 Numeric input variants for walls ........................................................ 231
9.1.4 Adjusting a wall length numerically ................................................... 232
9.1.5 Changing the direction of walls via context menu ............................. 233
9.2 Moving and positioning walls numerically .......................................................................... 234
9.2.1 Moving not exactly vertical or horizontal walls ................................. 235
9.2.2 Notes on changing the wall situation .................................................. 236
9.2.3 Input Aids ........................................................................................... 237
9.2.4 Wall Properties ................................................................................... 237
9.2.5 Layer construction / Multi-layer walls................................................ 238
9.2.6 Edit walls...................................................................... 239
9.3 Wizards for editing and modifying walls ............................................................................. 241
9.3.1 Changing 2D representation of walls.................................................. 242
9.3.2 Transferring the layer structure of a wall to other walls ..................... 246
9.3.3 Changing the layer structure of walls, e.g. adding insulation ............. 250
9.4 Floor plan analysis and repair functions ............................................................................... 252
9.4.1 Some examples for highlighted wall problems................................... 254
9.5 Timber Construction for Walls, Stud walls .......................................................................... 256
9.5.1 Extended wall dialog for timber construction..................................... 256
9.5.2 General Settings .................................................................................. 257
9.5.3 The Timber Construction Sketch / Preview ........................................ 258
9.5.4 Timber Properties ............................................................................... 259
9.5.5 Field Properties / Grid Dimensions .................................................... 260
9.5.6 Visibility of Timber Elements in standard views ............................... 261
9.5.7 The Timber Construction Wizard ....................................................... 262
9.5.8 Example: 3D Visualisation Timber Construction ............................... 264
9.5.9 Inserting additional beams in walls with timber construction ............ 265
9.5.10 Timber Construction, Export of reports as PDF etc. .......................... 267
9.6 Supports ..................................................................................................................... 268
Page 5
Introduction
General
9.7 Ceilings ...................................................................................................................... 269

9.7.1 Automatic Ceilings ............................................................................. 269
9.7.2 Deactivating Automatic Ceilings ........................................................ 270
9.7.3 Manual Ceilings .................................................................................. 271
9.7.4 Properties of Ceilings.......................................................................... 271
9.8 Windows and Doors ........................................................................................ 271
9.8.1 Numerical input and positioning of windows and doors .................... 272
9.8.2 Setting Direction of Opening on Insertion .......................................... 273
9.8.3 Changing the Direction of Opening .................................................... 273
9.8.4 Selecting or Changing Windows and Doors on Insertion................... 274
9.8.5 Selecting Windows and Doors from the Catalog................................ 274
9.8.6 Openings, Hinges ................................................................................ 275
9.8.7 Representation in 2D Plan Views ....................................................... 276
9.8.8 Show doors opened in 3D Views ........................................................ 277
9.8.9 2D Representation of Doors, Side Panels, Folding and Sliding Doors
278
9.8.10 Window Sills....................................................................................... 280
9.8.11 Door Frames ....................................................................................... 280
9.9 Window constructions ................................................................................................... 281
9.9.1 General ................................................................................................ 281
9.9.2 Catalog of Window Constructions ...................................................... 281
9.9.3 Editing Window Constructions ........................................................... 282
9.9.4 Modifying Profiles .............................................................................. 288
9.9.5 Bars for Window Constructions ......................................................... 289
9.9.6 Editing Bars ........................................................................................ 290
9.9.7 Drawing Bar Arrangements ................................................................ 293
9.10 Additional Components for Window Constructions, Windows and Doors ...................... 295
9.10.1 Lintels and roller shutters ................................................................... 296
9.10.2 Fixtures (handles for window constructions)...................................... 298
9.10.3 Window surrounds (surroundings for windows and doors)................ 299
9.10.4 Visibilities for additional elements ..................................................... 300
9.11 Openings................................................................................................................. 301
9.12 Slots ........................................................................................................................ 302
9.13 Skylights ................................................................................................................. 303
9.14 Solar Elements .......................................................................................................... 304

9.15 Chimneys ................................................................................................................ 305
9.16 Beams – Lower/Upper beams ................................................................................ 306
9.17 Foundations .............................................................................................................. 307
10 Roof-Construction Plug-in ............................................................................................. 310
10.1 Roofs ......................................................................................................................... 310
10.1.1 Inserting Roofs .................................................................................... 310
10.1.2 The Roof Construction Dialog ............................................................ 310
10.1.3 Roof Construction ............................................................................... 318
Page 6
Introduction
General
10.2 Dormers ................................................................................................................... 322

10.2.1 Shed Dormer ............................................................................... 323
10.2.2 Flat Dormer ......................................................................................... 326
10.2.3 Hipped roof dormer ............................................................................ 326
10.2.4 Triangular Dormer .............................................................................. 327
10.2.5 Trapezoidal Dormer ............................................................................ 328
10.2.6 Barrel roof dormer .............................................................................. 329
10.2.7 Bat dormer .......................................................................................... 330
10.3 2D Representation of Roofs .............................................................................................. 331
10.4 Visibility of Roof Details .................................................................................................. 333
11 Advanced Roof Features........................................................................................................ 337
11.1 Merge Roofs ..................................................................................................................... 337
11.2 Roof Extensions And Roof Openings ............................................................................... 340
11.2.1 Inserting a Roof Extension ................................................................. 340
11.2.2 Deleteing a Roof extension ................................................................. 343
11.2.3 Edit Roof Extensions / Roof Cutout .................................................. 344
11.3 Hall construction / Purlins ................................................................................................ 347
11.3.1 Adjust Purlin settings .......................................................................... 348
12 Stairs Plug-in .................................................................................................................... 350
12.1 Inserting Different Types of Stairs .................................................................................... 350
12.2 Geometry .......................................................................................................................... 351
12.3 Type of Construction, Solid- and Wooden Staircases ....................................................... 352
12.4 Handrails ........................................................................................................................... 354
12.5 Wellholes .......................................................................................................................... 354
12.6 Combine Landings ............................................................................................................ 355
12.7 2D Representation of Stairs .............................................................................................. 357
13 Solar plants .................................................................................................................... 360
13.1 Roof-mounted solar plants ....................................................................................... 360

13.1.1 Module areas of solar plants and area cut-outs ................................... 364
13.2 Flat roof solar plants................................................................................................. 366
13.2.1 Insert module areas ............................................................................. 367
13.2.2 Create cut-outs in module areas .......................................................... 370
13.2.3 Insert modules ..................................................................................... 371
13.3 Analysis ................................................................................................................... 376
14 2D Graphics Plug-in ....................................................................................................... 378
14.1 Representation .................................................................................................................. 378
14.1.1 Outlines ............................................................................................... 379
14.1.2 Filling .................................................................................................. 380
14.2 Inserting Images ................................................................................................................ 381
14.3 Visibility of 2D Elements ................................................................................................. 382
14.4 Display Priority ................................................................................................................. 383
14.5 Editing 2D Elements ......................................................................................................... 383
14.5.1 Parallel Copy................................................................................ 384
14.5.2 Trimming Lines ........................................................................... 385
14.5.3 Trimming a Line at an Intersection.............................................. 386
Page 7
Introduction
General
14.5.4 Tools for Inputting Parallel Lines and Polygons ................... 386
14.5.5 Scaling 2D-Elements .......................................................................... 387
14.5.6 Scaling Images and 2D Elements numerically ................................... 388
15 Advanced 2D Lines, 2D patterns and hatching ................................................................... 390
15.1 The dialogue filling properties .......................................................................................... 391
15.2 2D pattern settings ............................................................................................................ 393
15.3 Draw your own fill patterns and hatches........................................................................... 395
15.4 Advanced 2D-Lines .......................................................................................................... 396
15.4.1 General ................................................................................................ 396
15.4.2 Creating your own „2D dash-lines“ .................................................... 399
15.4.3 Individual lines from 2D-symbols ...................................................... 399
16 Railings.................................................................................................................................... 402
16.1 Inserting railings ............................................................................................................... 402
16.2 Level of a railing ............................................................................................................... 403
16.3 Railing dialog and settings ................................................................................................ 404
16.3.1 General settings................................................................................... 404
16.3.2 The subdivision of a railing ................................................................ 405
16.4 Editing a railing segment individually .............................................................................. 407
16.4.1 Changing the length of a railing segment ........................................... 407
16.5 Saving and loading railing settings ................................................................................... 410
16.6 Changing railing materials ................................................................................................ 412
16.7 Railings made from catalog 3D-objects ............................................................................ 413
16.7.1 Materials for railings made from catalog 3D objects ......................... 414
16.8 Posts .................................................................................................................................. 415
16.9 Handrail ............................................................................................................................ 416
16.10 Fillings .............................................................................................................................. 417
16.11 Visibility of railings .......................................................................................................... 420
16.12 Using railings in groups, e.g. for ready-to-use balconies .................................................. 421
17 Terrain Plug-in ................................................................................................................ 422
17.1 General .............................................................................................................................. 422
17.2 Terrain Properties.............................................................................................................. 422
17.3 Terrain Forms ................................................................................................................... 423
17.4 Terrain elements................................................................................................................ 425
17.5 Terrain contours ................................................................................................................ 426
17.6 Terrain Elements, 3D Solids, Excavation and Analysis .................................................... 426
17.7 Terrain, Analysis of Excavation and Areas ....................................................................... 427
17.8 Plots in 3D and 2D with automatic border ........................................................................ 431
17.8.1 Visibilities of 3D plots and 3D terrain ................................................ 431
17.8.2 Property dialog of plots....................................................................... 433
17.8.3 Automatic border of a plot .................................................................. 434
17.9 Borders for terrain elements such as beds and terraces ..................................................... 435
17.10 North arrow dialog ............................................................................................................ 438
17.11 Retaining walls ................................................................................................................. 439
17.11.1 Retaining walls or real walls? .......................................................... 439
17.11.2 Inserting retaining walls................................................................... 440
17.11.3 Properties of retaining walls ............................................................ 440
17.11.4 Foundations under retaining walls ................................................... 442
17.11.5 Retaining walls without a horizontal top edge................................. 443
17.12 Fences ............................................................................................................................... 443
17.12.1 Special fillings - wire mesh fence .................................................... 445
17.13 Custom layers below the ENVIRONMENT layer ............................................................ 445
Page 8
Introduction
General
18 Surface Editor Plug-in ........................................................................................................... 447
18.1 Defining Surface Areas ........................................................................................... 447

18.2 Definition Using a Rectangle or Polygon ........................................................... 448
18.3 The ‘Surface’ Dialog......................................................................................................... 449
18.4 Miscellaneous ................................................................................................................... 453
18.5 3D-Grid Elements, facade claddings, etc. ................................................................ 454

18.5.1 General ................................................................................................ 454
18.5.2 Insert 3D-Grid elements, example for a facade: ................................. 455
18.5.3 Edit 3D-Grid elements ........................................................................ 456
18.5.4 3D-Grid Element properties dialog..................................................... 458
18.5.5 Edit materials on 3D-Grid fields ......................................................... 459
18.5.6 2D-Front views of 3D Grid fields ....................................................... 460
18.5.7 Item lists of 3D-Grid elements, Export PDF-files,… ......................... 462
19 3D Constructions ............................................................................................................ 463
19.1 Some Examples for the Use of 3D Constructions ............................................................. 463
19.2 Saving 3D Constructions / Catalog ................................................................................... 469
19.2.1 Visibility of 3D Constructions and Subtraction Solids ....................... 471
19.2.2 2D Representation of 3D Constructions ............................................. 471
19.2.3 Materials of 3D Constructions ............................................................ 472
19.2.4 What to use - 3D Objects or 3D Constructions? ................................. 474
19.3 Performance, Resolution, Number of Surfaces ................................................................. 475
19.4 2D Contours and Profiles, the Basis for Rotation, Sweep and Extrusion Solids .............. 476
19.4.1 Saving Contours and Profiles ............................................................. 476
19.4.2 Inputting Contours, Creating Contours ............................................... 477
19.4.3 Performance, Number of Segments in Contours and Profiles ............ 480
19.4.4 Using Images as a Basis for Modeling ............................................... 481
19.5 Primitives .................................................................................................................. 484
19.5.1 Inputting Primitives ............................................................................ 484
19.6 Extrusion Solids ........................................................................................................ 486
19.7 Rotation Solids .......................................................................................................... 487
19.7.1 Inputting Rotation Solids .................................................................... 489
19.8 Sweep Solids ............................................................................................................. 491
19.8.1 Inputting Sweep Solids ....................................................................... 491
19.8.2 Polylines, Example for Baseboards ............................................. 494
19.8.3 Poylgon, Example for Ceiling Moldings ...................................... 498
19.8.4 Contour / Path , Example for a Drainpipe .................................... 500
19.9 Subtraction Solids ...................................................................................................... 505
19.9.1 Converting 3D Constructions to Subtraction Solids ........................... 509
19.9.2 Examples of the Use of Subtraction Solids ........................................ 510
19.9.3 Example of a Subtraction Solid in the Terrain ................................... 510
19.9.4 Example of a Subtraction Solid in Roofs............................................ 513
19.10 Editing / Boolean Operations ......................................... 514

19.10.1 Merge / Union .................................................................................. 515
Page 9
Introduction
General
19.10.2 Separate ............................................................................................ 517

19.10.3 Intersection....................................................................................... 517
19.10.4 Difference ........................................................................................ 518
19.10.5 Trimming at a Plane ......................................................................... 519
20 Quantities ................................................................................................................................ 522
20.1 General .............................................................................................................................. 522
20.2 Identifying the Elements .................................................................................................. 522
20.3 Element Properties ............................................................................................................ 523
20.4 Output of Results List ....................................................................................................... 524
20.5 Additional area calculation for facades, roofs, etc. ........................................................... 525
21 Export Menu........................................................................................................................... 530
21.1 Outputting reports ............................................................................................................. 530
21.2 Editing Lists, Creating User Templates ............................................................................ 532
21.3 Outputting 3D Formats ..................................................................................................... 533
Page 10
Introduction
General
1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 GENERAL
Whether you intend to plan a single room, an apartment or even an entire house, this
software helps you realise all your creative ideas. Even planning a garden is child’s
play with this software.
The ability to position objects using numerical reference points and guidelines, as
well as with the aid of program assistants, enable you to plan, on different layers,
your own four walls down to the smallest detail.
A comprehensive library of 3D objects from all areas of life makes possible a

realistic presentation of your dream home. Further objects, which for instance are
often offered by manufacturers on the internet – with various formats such as 3DS,
3D-DXF, etc being catered for – can easily be imported should the objects provided
with this software not suffice.
By specifying the geographical location of your building, the program can simulate
lighting conditions in the building at various times of the day. Other light sources
such as punctual lighting, spots and ambient lighting can also be defined. Thus you
can obtain in advance a picture of the lighting conditions and help avoid the costs of
superfluous lighting.
You can decide yourself with which view you would like to plan, choosing between
a 2D plan view, a 3D view and a cross-section view.
A special feature is that different views can be shown simultaneously. For example,
during definition of the floor plan in a 2D view, the results can also be viewed in the
third dimension.
Various materials such as insulation, plaster, concrete and many others can be
allocated to the structural layers used to define brick walls, ceilings and floors. The
building materials used in planning, including quantities and assigned task items, can
be exported as PDF lists.
Once you have completed planning, you can then place or reposition each object, and
add 2D graphic elements to your plans as desired. Finally, you can export the entire
project in one of many standard formats, to send for instance to an architect or
friends - or simply print it out.
Page 11
Introduction
Documentation
Virtual project planning, visualisation and costing based on manufacturer’s catalogs,

i.e. as far as possible not abstract objects, materials and components but real, existent
and obtainable products, enable the house owner him- or herself to plan and furnish
his or her future home. Furthermore, the manufacturer reaches the consumer directly
through the software, with no additional marketing costs.
In this respect, information concerning manufacturers is not limited to the building
industry, but applies to any product whose depiction and usage is meaningful in a
spatial context. This Information helps the user in assessing advice, in deciding what
to purchase, to evaluate offers and in further dealings with the suppliers of a product.
We are therefore not only interested in professional planning, but in a combination of
planning and product presentation.
1.2 DOCUMENTATION
Please note that as a result of the possibility to remove or enhance functions by
means of plug-ins, we cannot guarantee that your version of the software contains all
features described in this document. Further information on plug-ins and their
availability can be obtained from our sales support team via email.
Page 12
User Interface
Ribbons or Toolbars
2 USER INTERFACE
2.1 RIBBONS OR TOOLBARS
- Depending on which version you use, during installation, you have the choice
of a ribbon or toolbar user interface. All figures in this document refer to the
original toolbar version. This is also true for the buttons. The basic functions
are the same, and only the arrangement and the handling in the selection of
tool options differ.
For those users who are already working with a toolbar version and wish to
change to the ribbon interface, here is a short summary of the differences:
- The previous plugin toolbar that allows you for example to switch between
the roof and staircase functions is gone. Instead, we have all the functions of
the plug-ins distributed into topic related groups in the ribbons.
- The previous WHAT and HOW- toolbars are gone. These functions are
selected from the tool button. So you do not select an item, such as a wall
type from a separate toolbar, instead the options are displayed as a sub menu
to the tool.
- The functions for importing or exporting file formats, the settings of the
software, the output of reports, essentially, the functions of FILE, SETTINGS
and DISPLAY menus have been largely summarized in a new Application
menu.
- The editing functions that appeared in the left toolbar, when you select an
element are now located in a separate Ribbon Tab which appears
automatically when you select an item.
Note: The button is located on the top left of the software and can look different
depending on the version.
Page 13
User Interface
Ribbons or Toolbars
2.1.1 Selection of input options in a ribbon version
For each element there is at least one, and often several modes of input.
These options are shown as a submenu of the element itself, so select the first
item, then the type, and then immediately the input method.
The following figure shows the options for a wall-
Page 14
User Interface
Ribbons or Toolbars
2.1.2 Editing selected elements
When you select any element, an additional tab page will appear displaying the
available editing tools.
2.1.3 Buttons and Menu Last actions
At the top of the software, you will see an extra bar with some predefined actions
that allow faster access. In addition, a menu that lists the last 10 actions.
Page 15
User Interface
Ribbons or Toolbars
2.1.4 File menu, settings, import, export, language and Ribbon Settings
Many actions that were achieved in the toolbar version on different menus, are now
found together.
2.1.5 Switching between a Ribbon and a Toolbar version
You can switch using the File, Settings, User Interface menu as you desire.
Page 16
User Interface
Documents and Views
2.2 DOCUMENTS AND VIEWS

Basically functions based on a document in which various views exist are defined.
Since internally all views have equal rights, all user actions, e.g. selection, insertion,
positioning etc., are, if applicable, performed in the same way in all views.
Furthermore, all views are updated simultaneously so that the user can follow the
effects of changes in 3D as well as in 2D.
Page 17
User Interface
Layout of the User Interface
2.3 LAYOUT OF THE USER INTERFACE
The user interface conforms to the operating system settings for the display of
windows and buttons. The appearance of the user interface can therefore vary
depending on the system being used.
The software has several toolbars which allow the user access to the various program
functions. The toolbars and their functions are, from top to bottom and from left to
right, as follows:
Standard Toolbar: Open and Close projects
Save
Print
Copy, Cut, Paste, Delete
Redo / Undo
Zoom (Rectangle, Zoom in, Zoom out, Show all)
Refresh
View Toolbar: Create 2D plan views
Create 3D views
Create 2D sectional views
Arrange views
3D View Toolbar: Select representation mode (Textured, Wireframe, Wireframe
with hiddenline removal)
Parallel view
Background mode (monochrome, colour gradient, background
image)
Page 18
User Interface
Tooltips
Ray tracing
Save image
Select and Create view points
Plug-in Toolbar: Select functions
2D Graphics
Construction elements (walls, supports, chimneys, doors,
openings, roofs, dormers, skylights)
General Functions: Guidelines
Dimensions
Measuring functions
Text
2.4 TOOLTIPS
Generally, pop-up information or tooltips are activated. The pop-up information
appears when the mouse cursor hovers for more than 2 seconds over an element that
has further information available. After a further 5 seconds the information will
disappear. Depending on the object or element, the pop-up information provides
information about the product of a particular manufacturer, or displays additional
data about the building and the layer in which the element is located. The pop-up
information can also be used to identify certain elements.
Example for manufacturer information:
Example for support:
2.5 CATALOG AND PROJECT ADMINISTRATION
Situated in the right margin of the user interface is a toolbox, the contents of which
can be selected using the tabs shown. The toolbox can be displayed permanently by
fixing it with a ‘pin’. If the toolbox is not ‘pinned’, it is moved after two seconds to
Page 19
User Interface
Features of our Dialogs
the margin and minimised to increase the available work area. It reappears again if
the cursor is positioned on one of the tabs which remain.
2.6 FEATURES OF OUR DIALOGS
There are various types of dialogs, but they all have certain basic features in
common. A dialog can consist of several parts which can be accessed either over a
tree structure or a list of icons. Depending on the requirements of the dialog, various
buttons appear in the right margin.
OK
Cancel
Save as default
Open the Help file
Open or close the 3D preview
Creates a neutral template in dialogs which save files, e.g. Materials
Opens a file, e.g. (*.mat) in the Materials dialog
Saves a file, e.g. (*.mat) in the Materials dialog
Probably the most comprehensive dialog is for roofs. It is used here as an example to
demonstrate the possibilities offered in our dialogs and to show, dependant on the
dialog, the functions provided.
Page 20
User Interface
The 3D preview can in general be detached from the ‘main’ dialog and its size
changed. If desired it can also be moved to a second monitor. The preview is also
used in the roof dialog to select a roof plane - by simply clicking on the desired roof
plane, which then becomes transparent and is highlighted in the associated tree
structure. A right click in the 3D preview opens a context menu to change the
representation mode, to activate ray tracing or to modify the background settings.
2.6.1 Catalog Selection in our dialogs
In some dialogs, not only „furniture and fittings“, but also building components can
be selected from an associated catalog.
In the ‘Windows’ dialog shown below, we see in the section ‘Window’ next to
‘Selection’ a button, which dependent on the component, opens an associated
directory in your software. With a double-click one of the objects or subdirectories
shown can now be selected.
Page 21
User Interface
2.6.2 Material Selection and Texture Coordinates
The software distinguishes basically between building materials and visualisation

materials. Building materials are defined in a XML file, with a hierarchy, numerous
additional properties, and a reference to a visualisation material (*.mat). Their
properties, irrespective of the material shown in the 3D visualisation, are available to
other plug-ins for analysis purposes, e.g. for energy analysis or for other calculations.
In the database, building materials are allocated appropriate visualisation materials,
so that a wooden material has a ‘wood’ texture. Nevertheless, the fact that building
materials are independent of visualisation materials means that you can allocate any
material or texture from the standard catalog to a component in the 3D view. This
could result in a component still having the material property of ‘wood’ but in 3D
being shown as tiles if you allocated a ‘tile’ texture to it by drag and drop.
Page 22
User Interface
The reason for this distinction is to ensure that reliable material properties are always
available for analysis purposes, without restricting the creative possibilities in your
software.
The arrow on the right of the box for material selection allows access to the materials
defined in the building material database, which are displayed in a tree structure.
The texture coordinates of the visualisation material can be changed if necessary in
the dialog which is activated by the button
Texture coordinates are set by default to 1 x 1 m. This means that the texture (the
image) which covers a surface is shown once for an area of 1 x 1m. If the surface is
larger, the texture will be ‘tiled’, i.e. repeated as often as is necessary to completely
cover the surface. Over ‘Texture dimensions’ you can adjust the area for which the
Page 23
User Interface
texture is shown once, to match the actual size of the textured surface, and
additionally define an angle of rotation or offset.
The ‘U / V offset’ has the effect that the area in which the depiction of the texture
begins is offset by the values specified. In the example shown a surface of 1 x 1 m is
covered with a texture representing 4 tiles. Without an offset the 4 tiles would fit
exactly on the surface. In this case, with an U / V offset of 10 cm, the tiling starts
offset by 10 cm on either side.
2.6.3 Properties and Representation of Building Materials
Access to building materials can be found in many dialogs. The following extract
taken from the dialog for walls is shown here as an example.
A direct click on the button opens a dialog for the properties of a building
material, instead of the tree structure of the material database.
Page 24
User Interface
The ‘General’ part shows the name of the building material together with the
physical properties allocated to the building material in the database.
Page 25
User Interface
The material used for standard brickwork is defined in the building material database
as being shown with a pattern in a 2D representation. The ‘2D Display part defines
how a component is drawn in 2D plan views and other 2D views. If you wish the
wall to be shown filled in with a single colour instead of hatching, then the 2D
properties of the building material have to be changed.
Page 26
User Interface
The ‘3D View part for a building material is the same as in the standard dialog for
materials and is explained in the chapter ‘Material Properties’.
Note: Changes made in dialogs for building materials only affect the element for
which the dialog was opened, in this case just the one wall. The settings specified do
not change the values in the building material database.
2.6.4 Calculations in Input Fields
All numeric input fields support certain mathematical functions, which can be
entered directly in the field as an expression including parentheses, e.g
. The result is calculated when you leave the field (Tab key) or
press Enter
The functions:
"+", "-", "*", "/", "^","(", ")", "=", "TAN", "COS","SIN", "ATAN", "ACOS",
"ASIN", "SQRT", "PI".
Examples of input:
100 + 100
100+SQRT(25)
2*(3+2)
Page 27
User Interface
ATAN(1)
SIN(60)
COS(60)
3.*((2+5*2/COS(60)))
(3.*((2-5*2/COS(60))))
10+2*(5+1/COS(60))
2.6.5 Text Properties
In dialogs for elements which use text (e.g. room descriptions, dimensions etc.) there
is generally a sub-dialog available to set the text properties.
The sub-dialog is activated by clicking directly on the button with the text preview or
on the arrow on the right side of it. The usual text properties such as font, colour,
format and alignment can then be specified. If there is sufficient space, a preview of
the changed text is shown on the button itself.
The settings for alignment have no visible effect in the text properties dialog . They
only come into effect when the text is used, at which point the size of the ‘frame’
surrounding the text is determined. Only when the text is used in planning are the
lines aligned left- or right-justified. There are two possibilities for setting font size.
Either as an absolute size on printout in mm, or dependant on scale. The field for
absolute font size offers several common values from which you can choose. Other
settings can be specified by simply overwriting the value in the input field.
2.6.6 Layer construction of Building Components
Some of the building components, such as walls, roofs and floors, are composed of
layers with their own defined properties. Each of the components mentioned above
always has at least one layer defined by default.
Page 28
User Interface
In the ‘Layer construction’ dialog, further layers can be created and their settings
modified. As an aid, the layer being currently modified is highlighted in colour. For
each layer you can define a name, thickness, building material and layer separator.
The arrows on the right alter the position of the current layer upwards or downwards
within the component.
Layer constructions which are frequently used can be saved using the toolbar in the
right-hand margin. These layout files are normally found in the directory ‘your
software-installation\AEC\Layouts’, which is automatically referenced in the ‘Save’
and ‘Load’ dialogs. You can structure the layouts in the directory yourself by
creating subdirectories in the same way as for catalogs.
Note: The thickness of a component is equivalent to the sum of the thicknesses of its
layers. For multi-layer components the thickness should be modified over the layers
in the ‘Layer construction’ dialog. If the thickness of the component is changed in its
normal properties dialog, the top layer of the component will always be modified
automatically.
2.6.7 Selecting Colours, Defining your own Colours
In many dialogs you will find a button to select a colour. A click on the button opens
the Windows standard dialog for colours, a click on the arrow on the right then gives
you three tabs for lists from which you can choose a predefined colour.
The tab Own allows the user to create his own colours and to save them permanently
in the file userConfig.xml. You can change an entry in the list of your own colours
over the context menu, which is activated with a right mouse click.
Page 29
User Interface
Input Aids
2.7 INPUT AIDS
2.7.1 Insertion using ‘Ctrl+ w’, Changing Reference Points
When inserting or positioning elements, you can, as long as the particular element
allows it and before the process is terminated with a mouse click, change reference
points by pressing ‘Ctrl+w’ as often as required.
The following illustration shows two simple examples which demonstrate this
feature. The position of the cursor is indicated by the blue cross. On the left we see
the polygonal insertion of a wall and the positioning of a 3D object, a table, without
pressing ‘Ctrl+w’. The wall is inserted on the cursor relative to its axis and the table
is positioned relative to the centre of the object. On the right we see the difference
after ‘Ctrl+w’ has been pressed once. The wall is now aligned on the cursor relative
to its right-hand side and the table relative to its lower left-hand corner.
Page 30
User Interface
Input Aids
2.7.2 Construction support
For the precise definition of points at which to insert elements, the software offers at
any time during the insertion of an element various construction aids which can be
activated over the context menu opened with a right mouse click. The result of a
construction aid is either a single point, if you like as a replacement for a normal
mouse click when planning, or a line along which the next point can be defined, e.g.
a perpendicular.
It should be noted that the resultant point is treated exactly like a mouse click.
Depending on the input tool being used, elements expect one, two or more clicks
during construction. Supports are positioned with one point, walls always expect two
points, namely the start point and the end point of the wall. In the case of a tool that
expects only one point, e.g. a support, the support is inserted directly at the point
defined on termination of the construction aid. To insert a wall therefore, the
construction aid can be used twice, to define a start and end point.
The construction aids which are available are listed in the context menu. The letters
in parentheses are shortcuts over which a construction aid can be activated at anytime
during input. As opposed to other input aids, these shortcuts are not a combination of
keys, for instance ‘Ctrl+m, but simply the letter itself, i.e. to call the construction aid
‘Center point’ simply press ‘m’ on the keyboard.
2.7.3 Example of the Use of Construction Aids
As an example of the use of construction aids, let us go through the steps to insert a
perpendicular wall.
Page 31
User Interface
Input Aids
To form a new room we want to insert a wall from the left inside edge of the
protrusion straight up to the dividing wall between room 1 and room 2. The start
point of the wall has already been defined using ‘Ctrl+w’ (change reference point) so
that the right corner of the wall corresponds to corner of the protrusion. As long as
the preview of the wall we are creating is still attached to the cursor, a right-click
opens the context menu for construction aids.
Page 32
User Interface
Input Aids
From the list of possible construction aids select ‘Perpendicular’ to insert the wall at
an angle of exactly 90 degrees.
Page 33
User Interface
Input Aids
A perpendicular is produced by defining two lines, the first of which is the line to
which the perpendicular is subsequently dropped. During input each step is
accompanied by information in the status line.
Page 34
User Interface
Input Aids
After the first line has been defined, the perpendicular is generated automatically and
can only be positioned along the line. In the example shown, the perpendicular is
positioned exactly on the corner where the wall to be inserted is to start.
A click on the mouse drops the perpendicular and returns so that the end point of the
wall can be entered - the start point of the wall had already been defined before the
construction aid was activated.
Page 35
User Interface
Input Aids
The cursor to insert the wall now snaps to the construction line generated and so
enables precise insertion of a perpendicular wall. With a second mouse-click the
length of the wall can now be defined. In the example shown, we move the cursor
along the perpendicular up to the face of the horizontal wall in the middle, thus
creating the new room we wanted.
2.7.4 Example using Coordinates
A further construction aid is ‘Coordinates’. It can be used to position elements

according to exact specifications.
For instance, you would like to insert a rectangular support with its left lower corner
at a distance of 1.25 m from the wall shown. First of all, on input change the
reference point of the support to be the left lower corner using ‘Ctrl+w’ and position
this exactly on the face of the wall.
Page 36
User Interface
Input Aids
Now click the right mouse button and activate over the context menu the
construction aid ‘Coordinates’. Alternatively you can press ‘p’ on the keyboard, as
indicated by the p in parentheses in the context menu. This now opens the ‘Insert
Point’ dialog.
The dialog already provides the absolute coordinates of the left lower corner of the
support in relation to the base of the plan, as this was the position of the cursor at the
time the construction aid was activated. To position the corner of the support 1.25 m
to the right, i.e positively on the x-axis, you can make use of the possibility in your
software of performing calculations in input fields. Simply type 3.18 + 1.25 in the
field for the x-coordinate and press ‘OK’.
2.7.5 Adjust, Insert and Delete Polygon-points
When selected, various polygonal elements such as ceilings, 2D graphic polygons

and even lines show the points specified on insertion.
Page 37
User Interface
Input Aids
By clicking on one of the red points it is attached to the cursor and can then be
moved and repositioned. In this way the shape of elements can be subsequently
modified.
If the element allows it, new polygon-points can also be added or deleted with help
of the context menu opened with a right mouse-click.
Page 38
User Interface
Input Aids
2.7.6 Angle grid
An angle grid can be activated during the input of elements that require a start and an
end point (e.g. walls and dimensions), by keeping the ‘CTRL’ key pressed. With an
angle grid activated, movement of the mouse cursor is limited to the angle specified.
This construction aid simplifies, amongst other things, horizontal and vertical input,
without having to worry about precise movement of the mouse.
In addition, the ‘Use length Grid’ option not only makes it possible to rotate elements
entered in the angle grid, but also ensures that the length entered for an element is
adjusted to match to the grid spacing. A wall is automatically extended, e.g. in 50 cm
steps, when the grid spacing is set to 50 cm. When this option is activated you can
‘work’ in a grid, even though the standard grid is deactivated, and even insert
diagonal lengths with a fixed spacing.
The basic snap options also apply when the angle grid is activated, so that in certain
cases it is possible that input can result in angles that differ from the original angle
grid settings. However, this can be prevented with the option ‘Collect snap points’. If
this option is set the snap points of other elements are determined, but are adjusted to
conform to the angle grid.
This guarantees, that you always work within the specified angle
Page 39
User Interface
Input Aids
2.7.7 Move Selected Element, Move Selected Element with Reference

Point
Apart from the usual way of positioning using the mouse when it points to a selected
element, additionally, the ‘Move selected element’ and ‘Move selected element
with reference point’ options are provided. Both options open the ‘Tool options’
dialog in which values for a shift can be specified instead of using the mouse.
Page 40
User Interface
Editing Tools
The ‘Tool options’ dialog is not active at the start of a move, but shows values which
were determined by the movement of the cursor. To input values a click on the
dialog box is necessary. This in turn however changes the values shown as the cursor
is moved to the dialog box. When entering values it is important not to move the
cursor outside the dialog box, as otherwise the values entered manually will be
automatically overwritten by the position of the cursor in the plan. The ‘Tool
options’ dialog is terminated automatically as soon as the input tool is terminated
with ESC, or its equivalent ‘Close’ in the top right-hand corner
On clicking the ‘OK’ button the element is moved by the current values specified,
and then once more for each further click on the ‘OK’ button. Thus if 1.5 m is
specified in the x-direction the component is moved by 1.5 m on each ‘OK’.
Dependent on the component, unallowable moves are deactivated and the input field
is shown in grey; for instance a support can not be moved in the z-direction. The
move directions allowed can also be restricted manually. In this case by deactivating
the dy-direction the element can now only be moved along the x-axis, and so only
this value changes if the mouse is moved.
2.8 EDITING TOOLS
The software provides a general toolbar which can contain tools of a various nature,
and not necessarily only tools which apply to the particular element selected.
The tools are assigned to categories. The required category can be chosen from a
selection at the left end of the toolbar. Each category contains different tools and
buttons which are located on the right of the category after it has been selected.
Page 41
User Interface
Editing Tools
2.8.1 Delete and Select Wizards
To simplify delete and select operations appropriate wizards are provided in the tool
bar.
Both assistants work in the same way. First select the types of element to be
processed and then specify the area in which the elements are to be detected.
Elements can be selected in the ‘Select Object’ dialog using the tree structure. After
selecting the element types, click on the ‘Next‘ button to then specify an area.
Any layer or view defined in the project can be selected as an area. Selecting a view
in this context is only necessary, if you wish to delete elements which are only
defined here and cannot be accessed over the normal layer structure. This includes
elements such as dimensions, guidelines and 2D symbols in cross-sections, since
these only exist in the cross-section view in which they were entered. Therefore, they
can only be removed by selecting the appropriate cross-section in the delete assistant.
Page 42
User Interface
Multiple Copies of Objects
2.9 MULTIPLE COPIES OF OBJECTS

The multiple copy function for a selected object can be found in the context menu
activated with a right mouse-click.
After selecting the multiple copy function, the ‘Tool options’ dialog appears, in
which the number of copies, the spacing between them and the direction of copy can
be specified. All settings are shown in the plan as a preview of the objects to be
created. However, the new elements are only finally created when the dialog is
terminated with a click on the OK button. Up to this point all settings can be
Page 43
User Interface
Moving Objects To Other Layers
modified to meet your planning requirements. To terminate the dialog without

creating any copies, click on the cross in the upper right corner or press 'Esc'.
2.10 MOVING OBJECTS TO OTHER LAYERS
During planning you may realize that it would be better for the overall structure of
the project, if objects already allocated to certain layers were placed in a new layer
e.g ‘Furnishings’. In this case, you can subsequently move objects for selected
elements, using the context menu. A list of the available layers is also shown.
Note: Moving construction elements, e.g. walls, or windows out of walls, can of
course affect various automatic functions and should be considered carefully
beforehand. For instance, if you move a wall belonging to a room to another layer,
that room is then lost.
Page 44
User Interface
Mirror elements
2.11 MIRROR ELEMENTS

Elements can be mirrored with functions of the „Edit“ Toolbar.
Two variants are available, mirror and mirror with copy. Both with tools to mirror at
an axis or at center point.
If you want to mirror at an axis you have to insert the mirror axis with two clicks in
your planning at any position you might need.
Note: keep the CTRL key pressed in order to activate the angle grid just to ensure
that your axis is vertical or horizontal.
Move your cursor over the selected object if the mirror at center point tool is active.
Depending on your mouse position the software shows a vertical or horizontal axis.
A left click mirrors the element at the currently active axis.
Page 45
User Interface
Mirror elements
The tool mirror and copy creates a preview of the mirrored element that needs to be
inserted with another left mouse click at its final position.
Page 46
First Steps
The Building- / Project Wizard
3 FIRST STEPS
3.1 THE BUILDING- / PROJECT WIZARD
The Project Wizard helps you to quickly generate a basic project. Such a project will
contain exterior walls, and a roof.
In 5 steps and a few minutes you will have a building in which you can then simply
add windows, doors and interior walls.
3.2 STEP 1: EDIT PROJECT DATA

The project data is for example used in the reports, or in text fields using the
AutoText feature. These fields are optional, and you can continue planning without
entering this data.
Page 47
First Steps
Step 2: basic settings and shape selection
3.3 STEP 2: BASIC SETTINGS AND SHAPE SELECTION
In the left pane you will see some of the preferences for your new project:
 The unit of measurementin which you want to work. This can be set at any
time via the menu Settings - General – Units
 Enable grid in 2D views, and setting the distance between grid points
 The scale of the 2D view is always requied, and if not set a default value is
used. You can adjust the scale at any time by right clicking within the 2D
view, selecting Properties from the context menu,and setting the Scale in the
General tab.
 Create a 3D view automatically.
 By setting the Save as default settings checkbox, the values used within this
wizard are used as the default values in all future projects.
On the right side you will find a selection of predefined building shapes. This choice
determines the contour of the building and the other entries in the wizard. In the next
step, depending on the building shape you will see a series of matching sketches with
input fields. Should your plan not correspond to the basic building shapes shown,
stop the wizard with the "free entry" and draw its outline using the conventional
manner.
Page 48
First Steps
Step 3: Edit Dimensions
3.4 STEP 3: EDIT DIMENSIONS
Depending on the building shape selected, you are presented with a matching sketch
together with the required dimensions. Fill in the fields for each wall length. Select
the wall thickness for the external walls. The floor height can be set to its default
value and can be adjusted in the next step.
3.5 STEP 4: CREATE FLOORS

Here you can define the floor structure of your project. An attic can be defined here
or in the next step. In the table you can change both the default floor names and the
floor height of each floor.
Page 49
First Steps
Step 6: Roof
3.6 STEP 6: ROOF

With Step 5, the building is completed. In the "General" section, the
Alignment setting will orientate the compass in the 3D view.
The Floor drop down list allows you to define where the roof is to be inserted.
This does not have to be the top floor of the building.
For example e.g. a detached house with ground floor, first floor and attic, you
can use the roof on either the first floor or attic. Ultimately, it is only an
organizational setting for your project, because the height of the roof and its
position can be adjusted independently from the floor.
Page 50
First Steps
Step 6: Roof
In the "Predefined roof style" some of the most common roof styles are listed.
With each choice, the roof will be recalculated and updated in the 3D preview. The
automatic process will make some assumptions regarding the properties of the roof
sides for the roof. For example, with the pitched roof the shorter sides of the building
are defined as the gable ends.
If you choose the "User-defined roof" option the basic pre-defined roof types are
automatically disabled. You now need to determine within the 3D preview the roof
first side, by selecting it with the mouse. The active side of the roof is always
displayed transparently.
Page 51
First Steps
Step 6: Roof
Now you can choose the desired roof shape from the drop down list. This selection
only applies to the current active side. To complete your roof, you have to select a
rule to edit each roof side.
Page 52
First Steps
Creating a project
In the "Custom roof shape" the settings for Overhang, Roof pitch and Height are
considered separately for each roof side, or alternately for the entire roof.
3.7 CREATING A PROJECT
Start the program over ‘Start>Program>Your software’ or over the shortcut on your
desktop. The software logo appears on your screen. Next the program window opens
with a grey background and the catalog on the right-hand side. Select with the mouse
the ‘File’ menu in the taskbar. Now click on ‘New’ to create a new project.
Page 53
First Steps
Creating a project
A 2D view with the title ‘New Project 1’ is now opened. This can be enlarged to a
full screen with the maximise button in the top right-hand corner of the window. On
the right-hand side you can see the project viewer, which shows the structure of the
project. Select the title ‘New Project 1’ with a right mouse-click and choose
‘Rename’ in the context menu. Now enter a suitable name for your project, e.g.
‘House 1’. Confirm your input with ‘Enter’. You can now see that the name to
identify the window has also changed.
Before you start work on a new project you should first save it. To do this, use the
‘File>Save as’ menu.
Page 54
First Steps
Creating a project
The software automatically suggests a directory in which to save your project under
‘C:\Documents and Settings\...’. It is also makes sense to enter the project name as
the file name in the second-last field on the bottom right of the dialog box.
The directory that is provided by your software to save your projects is found on the
left-hand side of the dialog box with the title ‘Own”. You can of course use any other
directory to save your projects. The quickest way to achieve this is with a click on
the icon ‘My computer’. Then enter the file name and confirm it with ‘OK’. Your
project is now saved under a new name and you can save your work at any further
stage over the ‘File>Save’ menu or with a click on the disc icon in the first
horizontal task bar.
Page 55
First Steps
Creating Views
If at some later date you select the ‘File>Open’ menu to open your project again then
a list of the logical project names, and not the file names, is displayed. Therefore in
our example ‘House 1’ would be shown. However, if a project has been selected, the
name of the file is shown in the second-last field on the bottom right of the dialog
box. The project can also be found under this file name in the Windows Explorer.
3.8 CREATING VIEWS

When working on a project the software provides three different kinds of views; the
2D view, the 3D view and the cross-section view. Any number of views of a given
kind can be created in the project.
The 2D view serves primarily to define precisely the structure of the building with its
components, e.g. walls, windows, doors etc, to scale in a floor plan, while the 3D
view provides a visualisation of the project and serves to insert furniture and fittings
and to landscape the grounds. The cross-section view creates scaled sections through
the building and scaled elevations, according to where the cutting line is located.
A new view can be created either using one of the first three buttons in the second
horizontal taskbar or over the ‘Windows’ menu in which we
find the three items ‘New 2D view’, ‘New 3D view’, and ‘New cross-section’.
Page 56
First Steps
Creating Views
Views can be accessed in three different ways in the program; firstly over the
‘Windows’ menu, secondly using the ‘Project viewer’,
and finally over a context menu which is opened by pressing ‘Ctrl+Tab’

simultaneously.
Page 57
First Steps
Creating Views
Views are closed by simply clicking on the cross in the top right-hand corner. When
the last view is closed the project is also closed, but beforehand a dialog box is
opened which allows the current state of the project to be saved.
In a view the visibility of each element can be set individually – for instance whether
or not the roof, the windows or the furnishings are to be seen. The settings for
visibility can be specified for the currently active view over a context menu which is
opened with a right mouse-click
Page 58
First Steps
Inserting Walls
3.9 INSERTING WALLS

Walls are the basic element in planning any building. They form rooms, which
themselves create ceilings and floors. Walls are a prerequisite for including windows
and doors in the structure.
As a rule the first step is to create the exterior contours of the building with exterior
walls and then to insert the interior walls into the structure.
3.9.1 Exterior Walls
Select from the ‘Plug-in toolbar’ (the third horizontal toolbar) with the button for
‘Building components’ the corresponding plug-in. The functions for building
components are then shown in the left-hand vertical toolbar (the plug-in functions are
situated below the general functions – these are functions that are always available,
e.g Guidelines, Text etc.). The top button of the building components is for the
function ‘Walls’.
Page 59
First Steps
Inserting Walls
Then activate ‘exterior wall’ with a left mouse click on the button. Buttons offering
various insert options are displayed in the second vertical toolbar. Now select the
multiple tool ‘Between two points’. A right click in the planning area opens the
following context menu.
Now click on the ‘Properties’ menu item, which opens the ‘Wall properties’ dialog.
Page 60
First Steps
Inserting Walls
For now we leave the settings as shown in the illustration and close the dialog with
‘OK’. Now set the start point of the first wall to a point on the grid. The wall snaps to
the start point along its axis and is attached to the cursor so that it can be positioned.
With the key combination ‘Ctrl+W’ the reference point of the wall at the start point
can be changed – from axis to inside edge, to outside edge, to axis.
We select the outside edge as the reference point. Drag out the wall horizontally to
the right with the mouse and notice how the value for its length changes in the status
bar. Drop the wall at 10.00 m with a left mouse-click.
Now drag out the next wall vertically downwards to a length of 8.00 m.
Page 61
First Steps
Inserting Walls
Extend the next wall horizontally 10.00 m to the left and then back to the start point.
When the final click is made, and the polygon that forms the contour of the walls is
closed, a name for the room appears in the plan. The insert wall function is
terminated by pressing the ‘Esc’ key. This should now result in the following picture.
You can check the progress of your work once more in a 3D view, by for example
clicking on ‘New 3D view’.
Page 62
First Steps
Inserting Walls
As you can see the room is already provided with a floor, and the recess to support
the ceiling is also visible. However ceilings are automatically removed using the
visibility settings so that you can see into the structure.
Switch back to the 2D view. If you left click in the room it is highlighted in red to
show that it has been selected.. By choosing ‘Properties’ from the context menu,
which is opened with a right mouse-click, the ‘Room’ dialog appears.
In the ‘Room’ dialog you can edit the room as regards text, calculation of area, and
floor structure.
Page 63
First Steps
Inserting Walls
3.9.2 Interior Walls
First we want to draw two load-bearing interior walls in the plan. The menu item for
‘Supporting interior wall’ can be found by a click on the arrow next to the button for
‘External wall’in the left-hand vertical toolbar.
A click on the menu item for ‘Supporting wall (interior)’ makes the wall available as
a tool in the left-hand vertical toolbar. If the cursor is positioned over the button a
tool tip indicates that it is for the Supporting wall.
A right mouse-click on the button opens the properties dialog for ‘Walls’. Here we
can specify details of how the wall should be constructed.
Page 64
First Steps
Inserting Walls
We accept the default settings and close the dialog with ‘OK’.
The first interior wall is to be inserted in the plan parallel to the left-hand exterior
wall and at a distance of 4.00 m from it. To do this, click on the fourth button in the
second vertical toolbar, ‘Insert parallel wall’.
Next the program expects, as you can see in the status bar at the bottom of the
window, a reference line to be selected. Click on the inside edge of the left-hand
exterior wall. Subsequently a parallel line is attached to the cursor. Now move the
cursor to the left bottom inside corner of the plan until the blue cross, which indicates
its exact position, snaps to the inside corner. With a right mouse-click open the
context menu, select ‘Constructional support’ and then ‘Coordinates’ “.
Page 65
First Steps
Inserting Walls
This opens the ‘Insert point’ dialog. The same dialog can also be opened by pressing
‘p’ on the keyboard as soon as the blue cross is positioned at the inside corner.
As you can see in the illustration you can perform calculations in the input fields of
the dialog. Enter ‘+4.0’ in the field for the x-coordinate and confirm it with ‘OK’.
The interior wall is now attached to the cursor. Using the key combination ‘Ctrl+w’
select the left-hand side of the wall as the reference side and drag it out to the
opposite exterior wall. Drop it there with a left mouse-click.
Page 66
First Steps
Inserting Walls
You can check the position of the wall with a dimension line. To do this, click on the
‘Dimensions’ button . In the second vertical toolbar click on the topmost button
‘Single dimension’. With the first and second mouse-click we set the start and end
point of the dimension line, with the third mouse-click its position.
We now insert a second supporting interior wall, as shown in the illustration.
For this you can use the same construction aids as for the first interior wall. In this
case however we need to use the y-coordinate. Do not forget to select the reference
side of the wall with ‘Ctrl+w’. Now select ‘Non-supporting interior wall’.
Page 67
First Steps
Inserting Walls
Insert in the plan a non-load-bearing interior wall as a parallel wall using the
construction aid ‘Coordinates’, in the same way as previously for a supporting
interior wall.
Now select the large room on the left so that it is highlighted in red. Activate the
‘Room’ dialog with a click on ‘Properties’ in the context menu, which is opened with
a right mouse-click.
Page 68
First Steps
Inserting Windows And Doors
Change the name of the room to ‘Lounge’. In the same way change the names of the
other rooms appropriately.
3.10 INSERTING WINDOWS AND DOORS
3.10.1 Inserting Windows
The software offers a selection of different windows and doors. We begin by

inserting a standard window. Locate the button for ‘Window’ in the left-hand
vertical toolbar and activate it with a left mouse click. A right mouse click on the
Page 69
First Steps
button now opens the properties dialog for ‘Windows’. Change the height to 135 cm.
and confirm it with ‘OK’.
If you move the cursor over the plan, then in the vicinity of walls a preview of the
window you are inserting is shown. You can see an arrow which symbolises the
direction of opening of the window depending on which side of the wall the cursor is
positioned. You can now position the window freely in the wall. However we want
to position the window in the middle of the exterior wall of the room marked
‘Kitchen’. To do this, we once again use the construction aids. Move the window
over the right-hand exterior wall of the ‘Kitchen’ until the arrow for the direction off
opening points inwards. With a right mouse-click open the context menu and select
‘Constructional support>Center point’
Page 70
First Steps
You are now requested in the status bar to enter the start point of the length to be
halved. Choose as the start point the inside corner of the exterior walls on the top
right. As the end point choose the inside corner adjacent to the Utility room. The
window is now inserted in the middle of the wall. You can check this by activating
‘Multiple dimensions’ in the left-hand vertical toolbar.
The chained dimensions are entered using the same two points as were used to
construct the midpoint of the wall.
Using the same process insert further windows in the utility room and the WC.
Midpoint insertion can also be activated by pressing ‘m’ on the keyboard instead of
over the context menu item for ‘Construction aids’
With a right mouse-click on the ‘Window’ button in the left-hand vertical toolbar
open the properties dialog for ‘Window’ and click on the ‘Standard’ button to open a
selection of windows.
Page 71
First Steps
Check the box ‘Use object size’. at the bottom of the selection window. With a
double-click open the ‘Double casement’ folder and with a further double-click
select the window ‘176 x 101.cyg’. Set the height of the window to 135 cm.
Position this window in the middle of the wall at the narrow end of the living room.
In the kitchen we want to position the window at a distance of 1.50 m from the living
room wall. To do this, press the key combination ‘Ctrl+w’ until the left edge of the
window is selected as the reference point. Move the cursor up to the interior wall so
that the blue cross snaps to it.
Page 72
First Steps
Choose the constructional support ‘Point with distance from’.
This tool now requires a start point and a direction. Start point is the left corner.
Enter now the direction and place the window with another mouse click on the inner
side of the wall. Enter 1.50 m in the appearing dialog.
Page 73
First Steps
3.10.2 Inserting Doors
Doors are inserted in basically the same way as windows. The button for ‘Door’
is located under the button for ‘Window’ in the left-hand vertical toolbar. A
right mouse click on the button opens the properties dialog for ‘Door’ with the
‘Selection’ button located in the middle.
Page 74
First Steps
Check the ‘Use object size’ box at the bottom of the selection window and with a
double-click select ‘Type 6524’. Accept the settings with ‘OK’ and insert the door in
the exterior wall of the hall at a distance of 12 cm from the wall of the WC. To do
this, select the right side of the door as the reference side with the key combination
‘Cntl+w’ and move the cursor to the edge of the interior wall adjacent to the WC.
Press ‘a’ on the keyboard and enter ‘-0.12’ after having selected the corner and the
direction. Click on ‘OK’ to position the door.
To insert the interior doors right-click on the ‘Door’ button in the vertical toolbar and
then select the door ‘Inner door 01’. Enter 88.5 cm for the width and 2.01 m for the
height.
Page 75
First Steps
Inserting Stairs
After inserting the interior doors in the plan, some at a specified distance from other
walls, some in the middle of walls, the plan might appear as follows:
3.11 INSERTING STAIRS
The ‘Stairs’ plug-in is located in the third horizontal toolbar, the plug-in toolbar.
After the ‘Stairs’ plug-in has been activated the toolbar with the plug-in functions is
updated and you start by clicking on the button for ‘Staircase construction’. You can
choose from three types of staircase
Select the ‘Geometrical stair’. Set the start point in the hall on the inside edge of the
front door. The stairs are now attached to the cursor.
Page 76
First Steps
Inserting Stairs
Change the reference point of the stairs with the key combination ‘Ctrl+w’ (select
the bottom lower reference point). Click a second time in the bottom left-hand corner
of the hall, a third time in the top left-hand corner of the hall and finally on the left
edge of the door in the hall. Now press ‘Enter’ and the ‘stair’ dialog appears. Simply
click on ‘OK’. The plan of the stairs should now appear as shown in the following
illustration.
Page 77
First Steps
Inserting Stairs
To edit the stairs select them with a left mouse click so that they are highlighted in
red. With a right mouse click open the context menu and select properties. The ‘stair’
dialog appears.
Page 78
First Steps
Inserting Stairs
The dialog provides settings for the type of staircase construction (solid stairs or
wooden stairs), for the type of banisters and the size of the wellhole Under
‘Geometry’ of the stair, set the width in ‘Stair dimensions’ to 90 cm and the tread
depth to 25,7 cm. If you click on one of the other input fields the message ‘modify
run length’ appears.
Select ‘modify centrically’ and close the dialog with ‘OK’. From the menu on the left
select the properties dialog for ‘Handrail left’ and deactivate the option for ‘Create
handrail’.
Page 79
First Steps
Inserting Stairs
Close the dialog with ‘OK’. The stairs should now appear in the plan as shown in the
following illustration:
If you switch to the 3D view the following view should appear:
Page 80
First Steps
Copying a Floor
3.12 COPYING A FLOOR
To create a new floor above the current one, go to the project viewer, highlight
Building 1 and open the following context menu with a right mouse click:
A click on ‘New floor above ‘opens the following dialog:
Page 81
First Steps
Copying a Floor
You can also open this ‘Floor’ dialog by clicking on the ‘New floor above’
button in the toolbar of the project viewer.
In the ‘Floor’ dialog select ‘Transfer’ in the left-hand column. Select under Objects
‘none’ to cancel the current selection, followed by ‘Selected’. Activate under
‘Construction elements’ only walls, floors and ceilings.
Page 82
First Steps
Copying a Floor
Confirm the settings with ‘OK’. You now see the ground floor and the upper floor on
top of each other. To show just the upper floor deactivate the ground floor in the
project viewer.
Delete the interior walls by selecting a wall and then pressing ‘Del’ on the keyboard.
Page 83
First Steps
Inserting a Roof
3.13 INSERTING A ROOF
To insert a roof on the top floor, select the ‘Roof construction’ plug-in in the
plug-in toolbar (the third horizontal toolbar). Now click again on the ‘Roof
construction’ button in the plug-in functions in the left-hand vertical toolbar.
Select ‘Insert roof on selected contour’. Move the cursor over the plan. As soon as
the contour of the building is recognised it is outlined in green. With a left mouse-
Page 84
First Steps
Inserting a Roof
click open the ‘Roof construction’ dialog. Click on the ‘3D’ button in the bottom
right-hand corner to obtain a 3D view of the roof.
In the 3D view you can select a roof plane directly with a mouse-click and specify
settings for profile, pitch, height and overhang.
Under ‘Profile’ you can choose from the most common types of roof profile.
Page 85
First Steps
Inserting a Roof
For Roof side 1 click on ‘Jamp sill’
Page 86
First Steps
Inserting a Roof
Here you can specify the parameters for the architectural aspects of the roof, e.g.
height of the intersection: outside edge of brickwork / top edge of roof, or height of
the eaves above the finished floor level, or height of the pointing sill etc.
If on the other hand, you click on ‘Jamp sill (inferior purlin)’ for Roof side 1,
Page 87
First Steps
Inserting a Roof
here you can specify the roof heights for the structural aspects, e.g. support height of
the eaves , width and thickness of the purlin etc. You can specify individual settings
for each roof plane, or alternatively you can copy the settings from one roof plane to
other roof planes. If for example you are in roof plane 1,
you can copy the settings for profile, pitch/, height and overhang.
Accept the default settings by clicking on ‘OK’.
Page 88
First Steps
Inserting a Roof
In the plan the top view of a hipped roof is shown. If you switch to the 3D view you
can see that the roof is set slightly too low. Select the roof in the 3D view and with a
double-click enter the ‘Roof construction’ dialog again. Under ‘General’ we find
‘Move roof level by“. Enter 50 cm here and click on ‘Apply“.
Click on ‘OK’ to exit the dialog, resulting the following view:
Page 89
First Steps
Inserting Dormers
3.14 INSERTING DORMERS

Click on the ‘Roof construction’ button in the plug-in toolbar (the third horizontal
toolbar). At the end of the plug-in functions in the vertical toolbar we now see the
button for ‘dormers with an arrow to open the selection window.
Page 90
First Steps
Inserting Dormers
Select the Shed dormer. The dormer is now attached to the cursor and can be
dropped onto the roof. Move the cursor to the outside edge of the left exterior wall
and drop the dormer on the roof with a left mouse click.
The ‘Dormer’ dialog is now opened.
Click on ‘OK’ to accept the settings shown under ‘General’. Over the sub-items of
‘General’ we can specify the settings for ‘Materials’, ‘Cladding’, ‘Timber
Page 91
First Steps
Inserting Dormers
construction’, ‘Timber dimensions etc., which we are familiar with from the ‘Roof
construction’ dialog.
Now you can insert a window in the front wall of the dormer.
Page 92
First Steps
Objects, Textures and Materials
3.15 OBJECTS, TEXTURES AND MATERIALS
Objects, textures and materials are found in the ‘Catalog’ on the right-hand side
(bottom left-hand tab), where the ‘Project viewer’ is also located.
3.15.1 Objects
The object catalog is activated over the ‘Object’ button in the catalog toolbar on
the top right. A list appears with various folders (sub-directories), as can be seen in
the above illustration. Here we find not only 3D objects such as furnishings and
plants, but also human figures and 2D projections, which you can use to enliven
scenes.
To insert such an object in the plan, we proceed as follows:
With a double click open the folder for ‘Interior\Seats’ and select one of the sofas.
Page 93
First Steps
Using drag and drop move the object into the plan and place it with a left mouse
click.
Page 94
First Steps
The insertion and editing of objects is possible in both 2D and 3D views. When an
object is selected, functions for editing the object, e.g. ‘Rotate object about z-axis’,
‘Position object’ etc., are activated in the second vertical toolbar to the left of the
view.
A right mouse-click opens a context menu and over ‘Properties’ the object dialog can
be activated, in which settings for the dimensions and installation height of the object
can be specified.
Page 95
First Steps
Additionally, certain information such as manufacturer and suppliers may be

provided for the object.
Page 96
Properties of Views
Arranging Views
4 PROPERTIES OF VIEWS
4.1 ARRANGING VIEWS
The ‘View’ toolbar and the corresponding menu offer the usual functions
for arranging views – cascaded, and horizontally or vertically tiled. In addition, the
software offers with the button, the option of presenting the views in tabbed
form. After the button has been activated it is locked to prevent access to the
other functions for arranging views. By clicking once more on the tab option button
the views are once again cascaded.
4.2 TAB PAGES
With the tab option, all the views are grouped together in the top margin of the
planning area. If there is not sufficient space to show all views, the views that are not
shown can be accessed over the left and right arrow buttons . The currently
active view can be closed with the button.
Tabs can be grouped together horizontally or vertically by dragging one of the
displayed views into the planning area of an active group using the mouse. On
releasing the left mouse button, a context menu appears over which the type of tab
group can be defined or the action cancelled.
Page 97
Properties of Views
Switching Views
The size of the displayed groups can be modified with the mouse at their borders.
4.3 SWITCHING VIEWS

In addition to the usual ways of switching views, i.e. over the menu box, the title bar
or the corresponding tab, there are two other possibilities. First, the key combination
‘Ctrl+Tab’ activates a dialog to switch views.
By holding down ‘Ctrl’ you can switch between the views and the tools with the
arrow keys on the keyboard. As soon as you release ‘Ctrl’, the dialog is closed and
the selected view is activated.
Page 98
Properties of Views
Visibilities
Second, in the project viewer click on a view to select it, right-click to open the
context menu and then set it as the current element.
4.4 VISIBILITIES
The visibility settings for the object types registered in your software can be
modified separately for each view. Use of the visibility feature improves clarity and
speeds up planning.
The ‘Visibility’ dialog with parts for ‘Visible categories’ and ‘Visible layers’, can be
activated over the context menu opened by a right mouse-click on the selected view.
Page 99
Properties of Views
Visibilities
All elements registered in your software are presented hierarchically in the ‘Visible
Categories’ area of the dialog box. In the tree structure you can deactivate each
element individually. A checked box indicates that the corresponding element or
the entire category is visible. indicates that at least one of the elements in this
category has been set to invisible.
Page 100
Properties of Views
Scale
‘Visible layers’ shows all layers for the project to which the view, belongs, from
which the dialog was opened. You can also change the visibility of layers, buildings
and floors (which are also just layers) over the project viewer.
4.5 SCALE
You can set the scale individually for each 2D view over the properties dialog, which
is activated over the context menu opened by a right mouse click in the active 2D
view.
Page 101
Properties of Views
Setting a 3D View point
4.6 SETTING A 3D VIEW POINT
With the button you can activate the dialog to set a view point. Although the
result only has an affect on one or more 3D views, it is possible to set a view point
equally in 2D plan views as well as in 3D views. After a click on the button, you
can define in the chosen view, with the first left mouse click the view point, and then
with the second left mouse click a direction. As an aid, a preview of the direction and
current angle defined is shown in all views.
The second mouse-click opens the ‘Properties’ dialog. Apart from the height above
the floor, the pitch and the opening angle, you can also specify whether a new 3D
view should be opened, or whether the new view point should apply to an existing or
all 3D views.
Page 102
Properties of Views
Zooming, Scrolling and Rotating
Setting a view point, initially only facilitates navigation to the same position using
the other possibilities for 3D views, and is not automatically saved as a view point. If
this is desired, the view point must be saved with the button.
4.7 ZOOMING, SCROLLING AND ROTATING
4.7.1 Zooming
Located in the toolbar are the usual methods for zooming, which
function the same in all views.
 Zoom rectangle
 Zoom in
 Zoom out
 Show all
Additionally, there is the function ‘Zoom to Cursor’. With this function zooming
takes place directly at the cursor position using the mouse wheel, if the key
combination ‘Ctrl+Shift’ is kept pressed.
‘Ctrl+mouse wheel’ results in ‘Zoom in’ or ‘Zoom out’, depending on the direction
in which the mouse wheel is turned.
4.7.2 Additional Functions in 3D Views
Apart from the functions mentioned above, you can also zoom in 3D views by
holding down the right mouse button and dragging the mouse up or down. This
movement corresponds to the functions ‘Zoom in’ and ‘Zoom out’, although here the
zooming is continuous and not in predefined steps as with the buttons.
With the aid of the key combination ‘Shift + left mouse button’, you can reposition
the scene to prevent the 3D model from sliding out of the window when zooming.
4.7.3 Scrolling
There are also several options for scrolling:

Mouse wheel: Up and down
‘Shift+ mouse wheel’: left and right
The arrow keys provide the same functions as the mouse wheel.
Page 103
Properties of Views
Snap Function
4.7.4 Rotating in 3D Views
In 3D views, the scene can be rotated in all directions using the mouse or the arrow
keys by holding down the left mouse button. Note when rotating a scene, that the
cursor should not be positioned over a element which has been selected, otherwise
the movement of the mouse is interpreted as a repositioning of that element.
4.8 SNAP FUNCTION

The snap properties are defined over the ‘Options>General…’ menu. The defaults
specified aid the insertion of elements using the snap-cursor. There are three versions
of the snap-cursor ; the symbols denote, from left to right, snap to a point,
snap to a line and snap to the intersection of two lines.
4.9 ALIGN FUNCTION

In addition, or as an alternative to the current snap function, there is the "Align"
mode, which can be activated via the upper toolbar (or switched on and off at any
time with CTRL + A).
The alignment mode searches for matching edges that are identified from existing
objects when placing or moving elements within an adjustable radius, and marks
them as a preview with a line. At the same time, the active element snaps at this line
and can be aligned with another element without using guidelines or other
construction aids. This behaviour works in principle with all elements, so texts can
be aligned, windows or doors at opposite windows or doors, .... ,
Page 104
Properties of Views
2D Views / Cross-Sections
4.10 2D VIEWS / CROSS-SECTIONS
4.10.1 Creating Cross-Sections
A new cross-section view can be created with the button and its corresponding
tool in the vertical toolbar. Using the mouse, first the cut line is defined, and
then with a rectangle, the direction and depth of the cross-section view.
Page 105
Properties of Views
After the cross-section has been defined with the rectangle, the new view is
calculated and immediately displayed. A cross-section symbol, which indicates the
line and depth of the cross-section, is inserted in the 2D plan view.
If the cross-section symbol is selected, the depth and the exact position of the cross-
section are shown.
Page 106
Properties of Views
4.10.2 Options for Cross-Section Symbols
There are various options for the notation of cross-section symbols in 2D plan views.
You can choose between automatic notation with capital letters or numbers. These
are displayed below the arrows of the cross-section symbol, starting with A – A for
capital letters and 1 – 1 for numbers.
At both ends of the cross-section symbol, text is generated that can be edited with
standard functions, and that can have, instead of letters or numbers, any content and
be freely positioned.
Page 107
Properties of Views
4.10.3 Exterior Views, Representation with concealed Edges
You can create exterior views, or a representation that contains no concealed edges,
with an option in the ‘Properties’ dialog of the cross-section view.
As soon as the dialog is terminated with ‘OK’ the view is recalculated, which can
take several minutes depending on the elements contained in the view. For the same
reason it is not recommended to have views open with this option, when planning or
making modifications to the project. A basic concept of the software is that a view is
updated after every change, which can have a considerable negative effect on
performance for views without concealed lines.
The effect of this option is shown in the following example; on the left the view
without concealed lines, and on the right the normal cross-section view with the
same position and depth.
Page 108
Properties of Views
4.10.4 Editing a cross-section view depth
The depth of cross-section view has so far only been defined when inserting the
cross-section symbol to create a new view and could not be changed later. This was
particularly impractical when the cross-section view had already been edited, e.g. 2D
drawing additions or dimensions had been added, etc. If a change of the visible area
was required, only the creation of a completely new view remained.
Now you can change the cross-section depth using the selected symbol and the
context menu.
Page 109
Properties of Views
After selecting the context menu "Edit section view depth", the line opposite to the
cross-section symbol and defining the depth can be repositioned with the mouse. The
cross-section view including all existing elements is only recalculated.
Page 110
Properties of Views
2D Graphic Views and Parallel Perspectives
4.10.5 Saving Images from 2D Views
Images from 2D views can be saved in any supported format. The format together
with the file name can be specified in the 'Save' dialog. The content displayed for the
active 2D view will be saved. With the aid of the settings for visibility it is possible
to specify precisely the image content.
4.11 2D GRAPHIC VIEWS AND PARALLEL PERSPECTIVES
With the button a 2D graphic view can be created from an active 2D view and its
content. This view no longer contains construction components. All content is
converted into the 2D graphic elements, i.e. lines, polygons etc., with which the
construction components were originally defined. These 2D elements are no longer
linked to the current project. The advantage of a 2D graphic view is that all 2D
elements can be edited and, if required, deleted separately. This makes it possible to
perform detailed editing on certain elements of your drawing and then save them as
2D Symbols for later use. Alternatively, you can delete unwanted elements, such as
the line between floors shown in the example which originates from the walls, before
printing the plan.
When creating a 2D graphic view, depending on the settings for visibility and
resolution, several tens of thousands of graphic elements may be generated, which
can seriously affect the performance of the software. Therefore, 2D graphic views
should only be created when really necessary and closed as soon as possible.
A parallel perspective can be easily created from an active 3D view, by positioning

the the 3D view as required, and subsequently opening the new view. You will then
Page 111
Properties of Views
3D Views
be asked if you would like to maintain the angle of view. These views are still linked
to the construction model and behave similar to cross-sections. You can thus modify
visibility settings and if required affect the representation by activating hidden line
processing. On the top left of the following illustration a perspective is shown, which
was created from the 3D view beneath it. To the right of it you can see a further
perspective with activated hidden line processing. Representations using hidden lines
require a great deal of processing, in particular when changes are made to the model.
It is therefore recommended that this function only be used when really necessary, or
that visibility for these views is disabled in the project viewer. Non-visible views are
not constantly updated and therefore do not affect software performance when
planning.
4.12 3D VIEWS
4.12.1 General Settings
General default options for creating new 3D views can be specified over the
‘Options>3D View’ menu. The options specified here do not affect existing views.
You can change the properties of existing views over ‘Properties’ in the context
menu, which is activated with a right mouse click.
Page 112
Properties of Views
3D Views
For each 3D view, all properties, such as presentation mode, background, position of
the sun etc., can be specified individually.
4.12.2 Walkthrough
In an active 3D view the 'walkthrough' mode can be activated with the button. In
this mode direction and inclination are controlled by moving the mouse. Using the
mouse wheel the height of the viewing position can be altered. Forward and
sideways movement are controlled by default with the arrow keys. Other key
combinations and further options can be specified in the 'walkthrough' dialog. The
dialog is activated by a right mouse-click on the button, or as a properties box in the
3D view.
The movement can be accelerated by a specified factor by pressing the SHIFT key
when moving.
Each 3D view offers a panel at the bottom with which you can walk through the
current window.
Page 113
Properties of Views
3D Views
The functions in the panel differ slightly from those for rotating and zooming with
the mouse. The two buttons on the right rotate the scene about the current
observation point and not about the origin of the scene, and the ‘Move forward’
button moves the view point past the centre based on the geographical coordinates,
whereas zooming with the mouse stops here.
4.12.3 Background
For the background in views, the software offers the option of monochrome, colour
bleeding and background image. Each of these options can also be displayed in one
of several variations. These settings can be specified over the ‘Background mode’
button.
Each button activates the appropriate background mode based on the settings for the
properties of the view. Therefore, if no image has been selected for the ‘Background
image’ option, no change in the view will be seen if this option is selected.
For each background option shown under ‘appearance, only the appropriate settings
are active. If one of the background image options is set, the ‘open image file’ dialog
can be activated over the field to the right of ‘Image file’, which then automatically
Page 114
Properties of Views
3D Views
shows the contents of the directory ‘your software-installation\Backgrounds’. Only

the links to background images are stored in the project library. If you create a
project with a background image and the project is passed to another user, then the
recipient’s system must have the image stored in exactly the same place, otherwise it
will not be found when the project is loaded. The software differentiates here
between relative and absolute paths. If you select an image from the directory
‘Backgrounds’, which is the default for ‘open image file’, then the path to the
background image is stored relative to this, indicated by an asterisk before the file
name . If you select a different directory, then the
absolute path is entered here. The recipient of a project must then not only have the
image, but also the corresponding path, on his system, whereas in the case of the
relative path for the directory ‘Backgrounds’, it is sufficient to supply him with the
image, which he can then copy into the directory ‘Backgrounds’.
4.12.4 Snap Points and Dimensions
Our 3D-objects can contain snap points, which depending on the settings for the snap
function, can be used to place them in 3D views. By default snap points are invisible,
but as for dimensions, can be shown to enable better monitoring of objects that have
several points relatively close together. In addition, 3D dimensions can be switched
on and off using the general visibility function.
4.12.5 Position of the Sun
To illuminate 3D scenes, the software uses internal light sources, with default
settings that can be switched on and off with the button. Furthermore, for each
3D view, individual settings for geographical position, date and time of day can be
specified under ‘Position of the Sun’, and for the light sources simulating the sun and
moon, the colour and intensity of the light. Thus the software makes it possible, with
Page 115
Properties of Views
3D Views
appropriate settings for the project, to check in the various views the effects of shade
on the building at different times of the day.
4.12.5.1 Geographical Location
With the aid of ‘Geographical Location’ you can define your location, or to be exact
the location of your property with longitude and latitude, if the values are known.
Alternatively you can load predefined locations for your country from a database
which is stored as a XML-file in the directory ‘\Program’. The name of the XML-file
is ‘Citydata.xml’, and as long as the structure and hierarchy of the file are observed,
you can extend the file yourself by adding further countries or places.
The desired location can be selected from a list of place names in the ‘Geographical
Location’ dialog. To avoid having to make a choice of location by scrolling through
thousands of place names, the drop down menu is automatically modified as soon as
you start to enter a name. Therefore if you enter ‘LON’ in the field, only place names
beginning with these three letters are shown.
Page 116
Properties of Views
3D Views
4.12.5.2 Time and Date
In this area the date and time are automatically provided at which the software was
last started. To update the time, click on the button marked ‘Now’.
4.12.5.3 Sun
The colour and intensity of sunlight have to be set manually if required. The software
does not attempt here an automatic adjustment based on the position of the sun. The
light source is just as bright shortly after sunrise, as at midday. The option to ‘Switch
on and off automatically’ comes into effect when the position of the light source
drops below zero height (z-coordinate), representing more or less a precise sunset. If
this option is activated, the light source is then switched off, otherwise it continues to
illuminate the scene, and shines from below the ground so to speak.
4.12.5.4 Environment light
Background lighting is provided by an ambient light source which is used to achieve

a more uniform illumination of the scene. Ambient light on its own can be seen if the
colours for the light sources for ‘Sun’ and ‘Moon’ are set to black. Generally
however, the default settings can be left unchanged.
4.12.5.5 Moon
Page 117
Properties of Views
3D Views
As for the sun, the colour and intensity of the light source for ‘Moon’ must also be
set manually if required. Additionally, the moon has the property to cast shadows,
which however may not always be desired. If the sun and moon are both above the
horizon during the day, and this option is activated, the moonlight would result in a
double shadow, which in reality would not occur due to a lack brightness. As a
simple rule, the option to ‘creates shadows’ should be deactivated during the day.
4.12.6 Copying and Editing Materials and Textures
The first step after clicking on one of the buttons to copy materials or textures, is to
choose the source material or texture. To do this, a 3D cursor is displayed over which
the selection is performed with a mouse click. Subsequently, with further mouse
clicks on the chosen targets, the copying process is begun, and can be continued until
terminated with ‘Esc’ or over the context menu item for ‘Cancel with ESC’.
The ‘Edit Material’ button opens the ‘Properties’ dialog after the material has been
selected for copying.
Tip: To copy the texture coordinates hold down the ‘Shift’ key.
4.12.7 Raytracing
Raytracing is always performed in the current 3D view, with its current resolution /
window size. The smaller the window, the faster the process is completed. Further,
all visible elements in the scene are considered in the process, including the 100 x
100 m plot created by default. In order to speed up processing, it is recommended
that non-visible elements are really deactivated using the ‘Visibilities’ dialog, or in
the case of the plot over the environment layer in the project viewer, before
raytracing is started.
After raytracing is started, the software first performs certain internal processing,
which depending on the contents of the 3D view, can take some time. Only when this
is completed is the current state of the calculations really visible.
The settings for antialiasing have a considerable affect on the quality of the
representation and can be specified, before raytracing is started, over the context
menu which is activated with a right mouse click on the button.
Page 118
Properties of Views
3D Views
On the other hand. antialiasing also has a considerable negative affect on

performance, and should be used no more than necessary.
Raytracing can be terminated or interrupted with ‘Esc’.
4.12.8 Raytracing Details
In the design phase and while materials, the position of the sun and raytracing
settings for the scene are still being modified, it can be helpful to only process certain
parts of the 3D view to check the results of raytracing. Otherwise, the whole scene
would have to be processed, which according to settings could take some time, to
only then find that certain details are perhaps too bright or too dark. To achieve this
use the “Raytrace detail” function provided in the 3D view tool bar.
After clicking on the appropriate button the function requires a rectangle to be

entered in the 3D view. Once a rectangle has been defined, processing starts
automatically for the detail using the current settings for raytracing.
Page 119
Properties of Views
3D Views
4.12.9 Shadows, ambient occlusion and smooth shadows
Raytracing provides options for different kinds of shadows.
4.12.9.1 Ambient Occlusion
This function is used mainly to create a particular lighting atmosphere, by using a

combination of interior light sources and ambient lighting. With conventional
rendering, without ambient shadows, the results corresponds to a summer day with a
clear sky. However, rendering with ambient shadows alone would correspond to a
hazy and very cloudy day with a lack of sunlight. Since both extremes are relatively
unimpressive, the aim is to find a reasonable compromise.
First the amount of ambient light from interior light sources should be removed
(settings under ‘Position of the Sun’). This will be replaced later by ambient
shadows. The moon should also be deactivated. Next the brightness of the sun should
first be reduced to a value between 50% and 75%, so that the final image will not
appear to bright.
The user can now check whether the shadows are suitable and if necessary readjust
the position of the sun.
Now activate ambient shadows. The default values (75%, 10) are a good initial
setting. If the shaded areas appear to dark, the brightness for ambient shadows can be
increased. If the lighter areas are to bright reduce the brightness of the sun. Once the
Page 120
Properties of Views
3D Views
overall settings are satisfactory, one can also try using high antialiasing and a higher
value for quality of ambient shade (15-20). After a few attempts the user should soon
get a feeling for the optimal settings.
Additional tips: The environment map is the best choice of background. Here the
perspective is always correct and reflexions in windows automatically appear
realistic. With ambient light sources there should always be an object (e.g. terrain,
pedestal etc.) beneath the house or planned object. Otherwise light can reach the
supposedly shaded areas from below.
Special effects should not be used for the materials. Luminous material only make
sense for objects that actually glow (neon lights, lampschades etc.). It should never
be used to make objects brighter than they really are.
Here two examples of the effect of ambient shadows. The following illustration also
shows a comparison of the objects calculated with and without ambient shadows
(top).
Page 121
Properties of Views
3D Views
4.12.9.2 Smooth Schadows
Smooth shadows can be realised in two steps. First, the size of the light source in the
3D object, for example a lamp, must be specified realistically. A light bulb, for
instance, measures about 3 cm, whereas larger frosted glass lamps can measure from
20 to 30 cm. Low-voltage ceiling spots, however, generate hard shadows since their
surface is very small (punctual). It all depends on the individual light source, so there
is no general rule that can be recommended here.
Page 122
Properties of Views
3D Views
Subsequently, the option for smooth shadows must be selected in the ‘Raytracer’
dialog.
The setting for quality functions in the same way as for ambient shadows and
ambient lighting. The higher the setting the less ‘noise’ there is. In this case larger
light sources require a higher quality setting. The size of the light source is limited to
Page 123
Properties of Views
3D Views
1 m to ensure a reasonable range of adjustment. This should be adequate since 2 m

(2*R) light sources are not very common.
Here a basic example. In the following illustration we see a chair and a light source,
without soft shadows, with soft shadows and a 5 cm light source, and finally with
soft shadows and a 20 cm light source (from left to right). The larger the light source
the softer the shadows appear. All examples were calculated with medium
antialiasing.
4.12.10 View Points
A view point defines a position in a 3D scene which can be saved under a given
name and used again at any time. You can access the view points defined in the
project over the list displayed on the left of the ‘Save view point’ button.
A click on the desired view point changes the 3D view to reflect the chosen position.
View points are, as opposed to other properties of 3D views, common to a project,
which means their positions apply to all 3D views of a project, and not only for the
view in which they were created.
When a view is saved, you can allocate it a name and save options. The save options
apply when images are saved and specify in advance the desired settings. You can
find more details about this feature in the chapter ‘Saving Images’.
Page 124
Properties of Views
3D Views
You can delete existing view points over the dialog which is opened with a right
mouse click on the button. You can remove the positions which are checked in
the tree structure with a click on the ‘delete’ button, before you exit the dialog with
‘OK’.
4.12.11 Saving Images
It is possible to save several images with different settings in one operation. The
positions of the images can be specified in all available views, and additionally over
the view points of the current project, for which the image options can be specified
when the points are created. The images are saved over the dialog that is opened with
a click on the button.
Page 125
Properties of Views
3D Full Screen Mode
On the left-hand side you can select the views and view points for which images are
to be saved. On the right-hand side, you can specify for each image the resolution,
antialiasing, the file name and the image format. The images are saved when the
dialog is terminated with ‘OK’.
The processing and storing of images with the ray tracer is performed in parallel, i.e.
after a click on ‘OK’ the operation is started independent of the planning function.
Therefore, while the images are being produced, you can continue working quite
normally with the software, although the saving of images is of course an additional
load on the system. While images are being saved you are not allowed to terminate
the software or to close the project.
The progress of the save operation is shown by a progress bar.
4.13 3D FULL SCREEN MODE
The button creates a new 3D view in full screen mode. In this view you can also
open the properties dialog or edit an object, e.g. a window, with a double click. But
unlike normal 3D views, the selection of an object is not cancelled with ‘Esc’, since
‘Esc’, just like the button, is used to terminate full screen mode. In this case, if
you want to cancel the selection of an object, you have to click in an empty area of
the scene.
Page 126
Properties of Views
Adjusting 3D Views
4.14 ADJUSTING 3D VIEWS
The adjust 3D view buttons offer two options that allow you to set your viewer's
position in the active 3D view. Both options change the 3D view to another mode in
which you only have the permissible functions for the navigation, in the view from
the top you can then rotate and zoom around the z-axis only, with the arrow keys or
the mouse. Views from the front only allow navigation left / right or up / down, no
rotation. This view mode can be canceled with ESC.
The top view option automatically generates such a representation.
With the option "Front view" you get a dialog with predefined options for turning the
view step by step, similar to how you already know it from other places in the
software, e.g. rotate objects.
With each click you walk around the building in the appropriate angle. Using the
sliders you can still change the position, as well as with the familiar keyboard
shortcuts for navigation in 3D.
The option "Select area" first requires "picking" a surface in the 3D view. So you
have to click on any surface in 3D and the view then positions itself accordingly, but
remains in the front view, so does not turn in the direction of the previously picked
plane.
Page 127
Properties of Views
Presentation and Sketch Views
4.15 PRESENTATION AND SKETCH VIEWS
Apart from the normal 3D view there are two other view modes available, which
however depend on the capabilities of the graphics card of the computer being used.
Since not all graphics cards support the required functions, it is possible that neither
of these views can be activated. For certain planning functions at the moment,
working with these views may be considerably slower, for instance editing timber
constructions or surface elements. In this case it is recommended to work with the
normal view and to activate the presentation and sketch views only if you wish to
create images in these formats.
The following illustration shows the basic differences between the three display
formats. From left to right it shows a presentation view, a normal view and a sketch
view. The presentation mode supports real time shadows, real time light sources and
Normal Maps. Overall the results are clearly more vivid than with the alternative
method of calculation.
Page 128
Properties of Views
Presentation and Sketch Views
The various 3D display formats can be activated over the option button with the
same name.
Page 129
General Settings
Units
5 GENERAL SETTINGS
You can specify default values and general settings for your work with the software
over the ‘Settings>General..’ menu. The settings for each page of a dialog can be
saved in your UserConfig file with the button, and are then available again the
next time the software is started. This means that the button has to be pressed
once for each category, e.g. Units or Grid, as the settings are only saved for the
current category.
5.1 UNITS
The default units for all numeric input fields can be specified here.
Page 130
General Settings
The Grid
5.2 THE GRID
The settings for the grid always apply to all 2D plan views and are immediately
active after the dialog has been terminated with ‘OK’. If the grid is deactivated here,
then it is removed from all views. If you wish to work in a specific view without a
grid, then set the grid in that view as invisible over ‘Visibilities>visible categories> .
5.3 SELECTION
Settings for ‘Selection’ always apply globally, i.e. in all views. Changes are active as
soon as you terminate the dialog with ‘OK’. The selection colour defines how
selected objects are to be displayed in 2D views. The settings do not apply to 3D
views, where selected elements and objects are identifiable by the material turning
red.
The ‘Selection radius in pixel’ determines how close to an element you have to click,
in order to select it. This is mainly of interest for narrow objects such as lines,
dimensions, etc, since normally objects are selected simply by clicking on them.
When the selected tool is active, a selection rectangle can be created by dragging
out the rectangle while pressing the left mouse button. All selectable objects are then,
Page 131
General Settings
The Snap Function
dependant on the settings specified here, selected, if they lie totally or partly within
the rectangle.
5.4 THE SNAP FUNCTION
The snap function provides assistance when inserting objects with the mouse. The
function detects objects within a certain radius of the cursor and automatically
positions the cursor at or on the object. In this dialog you can specify for all views
whether the snap function should be active, to which objects it should apply and
within which radius of the cursor. The radius should not be too large, otherwise it is
likely that a number of objects will be found within the radius and the snap function
is then no longer practical, or the cursor jumps back and forth between objects.
Page 132
General Settings
The Align Function
5.5 THE ALIGN FUNCTION
Just like for the snap function, you can select the elements to be taken into account
when aligning. In addition, you can influence the behaviour of the tool with a radius,
entered in pixels. Which values are reasonable here depends on the mode of
operation and the project itself. If you consider that the values are affected by
zooming in the 2D view, a search radius of 300 pixels can be appropriate if you edit
the view from "some distance", but elements might disappear from this radius and
the align function when you zoom in to the scene. In this case you should increase
the search radius values.
Page 133
General Settings
Folders
5.6 FOLDERS
The settings for ‘Folders’ serve to resolve relative paths for the access to files. The
software saves relative paths in projects, and also the 3D formats supported by the
3D converter sometimes have relative paths to textures, i.e. the textures are not a part
of the object, but are loaded from directories when the object is loaded. If you use
this format, and you wish to convert the 3D object with the converter, then the base
Page 134
General Settings
Tools
path for the textures must be added in the ‘folders’ dialog, otherwise the files will not
be found.
Another example is when you receive a project that was created on another system,
with objects and textures that are not available locally on your system. In this case, a
network path to the directory structure of the other system could be added, so that
when the project is loaded the missing files would be searched for over this path.
5.7 TOOLS
During input of certain elements such as walls and lines, and also when positioning
elements from the catalog, the user is assisted by tool option dialogs. With the aid of
these dialogs the user can specify input with numerical precision instead of using the
mouse, or when positioning an element from the catalog, it can be rotated using the
mouse wheel before insertion. The tool option dialog appears while the input tool is
active, and disappears automatically once input is aborted or terminated. Here are
two examples of tool option dialogs:
Inputing walls and lines:
Page 135
General Settings
Tools
Positioning 3D objects or 2D symbols from the catalog:
Over the ‘General’>‘Tools’ dialog these assistants can be permanently disabled when
not needed. This is achieved by deactivating one or more of the tools not required
and saving the setting as default .

As described in the dialog, the tools can be activated or deactivated as required
during planning using the 'W' key.
Page 136
General Settings
Tools
Page 137
The Catalog
The Contents
6 THE CATALOG
6.1 THE CONTENTS
The toolbar at the top of the ‘Catalog’ dialog provides access to the various
categories available in the catalog.
 Construction Elements: References the directory ‘Installation\AEC\’ and

allows access to such elements as windows, doors, skylights and walls, which are
located in subdirectories of ‘\AEC\’.
 3D Objects: References the directory ‘Installation\Objects\’
 Textures: References the directory ‘Installation\Textures\’
 Materials: References the directory ‘Installation\Materials\’
 2D Symbols: References the directory ‘Installation\Graphics2D\’
6.1.1 Windows/Doors/Skylights/Walls
Windows, doors and skylights are objects which possess additional information,
known as ‘Chunks’. These properties are defined in the ‘Edit Chunks’ dialog, in
which ‘openings’ (chunks that describe the opening created, for example by a
window in a wall), alternative 2D representations and numerous other options can be
specified.
6.1.2 3D Objects
A double click on the 3D object selected from the catalog opens the ‘Object’ dialog,
which contains two tabs for ‘3D Preview’ and ‘Details’.
Page 138
The Catalog
The Contents
The ‘Details’ tab provides data for the dimensions of the object, and if possible,
details of the manufacturer, an article description and internet links, as well as
optional information such as technical data or catalogue pages in PDF-format. If this
information was specified by the creator of the object in the 3D-Converter, then it
can be accessed directly with a double click on the appropriate entry.
The arrow in the bottom left-hand corner indicates that you can change the size of the
dialog window if necessary.
Page 139
The Catalog
The Contents
6.1.3 Textures
The ‘Textures’ dialog differs solely from the ‘Object’ dialog in that it does not
contain a 3D preview, but instead shows an image of the normal representation of the
texture. No dimensions are shown, as these are dependent on the texture coordinates
of the element that uses the texture.
6.1.4 Materials
The ‘Material Editor’ is opened with a double click on the selected material or, after
a right mouse click, over ‘Properties’ in the context menu.
Here we find all the settings needed to modify an existing material, or to create a new
material and save it in the catalog. The software uses its own file format for
materials, with the suffix *.mat. The material files can contain, in addition to the
material properties, textures and normal maps, since these files for different image
formats are included directly in the *.mat file. If you wish to change the texture or
normal map for a material, right click on the field with the title ‘Texture’, under
‘General’ or ‘Normal map’. Over the context menu, you can activate the ‘Open
image file’ dialog or delete the image directly. A left mouse-click on one of the two
images activates the ’Open image file’ dialog directly.
Page 140
The Catalog
Groups, alias Mini-Projects
6.1.5 2D Symbols
The ‘2D symbols’ dialog accesses graphic symbols in our own file format *.cys. A
double click on the selected graphic symbol shows a preview, the dimensions of the
file, and the file name including details of the path.
6.2 GROUPS, ALIAS MINI-PROJECTS
Contrary to what is likely expected, groups are not just a combination of already
existing 3D objects from the catalog, but mini-projects that can contain almost all
constructive elements, but of course also combined with 3D objects.
Groups are inserted in your project as usual via drag and drop from the catalog.
And you can easily add your own new groups in the catalog by selecting various
elements with a mouse frame and saving them as a group via the right mouse button
context menu.
The special thing about it is that groups can be separated into their previous elements
once added to your current project. That means walls, roofs, 3D constructions, etc.,
simply all parts of a group become the original elements again and can be edited and
changed as usual.
With this function, you can save all components of a planning, whether it be a
garage, balcony, kitchenette, seating groups, or even completely furnished rooms to
the catalog and use them in future projects, simply by drag and drop.
Page 141
The Catalog
New Group Catalog
6.3 NEW GROUP CATALOG
We have provided a separate category for groups in our catalog.
In this catalog we have already added numerous sample groups (approx. 250), partly
to show the various options, but also very practical examples that cannot be used as
simple 3D objects, e.g. Garages, carports, saunas, garden houses etc..
Some examples for the interior, fireplaces, kitchenettes and kitchen islands,
bathrooms, saunas, seating groups, etc.
Page 142
The Catalog
New Group Catalog
6.3.1 Saving your own groups to the catalog
To save a group, you must select the components together, which is usually easiest
by drawing a frame in a 2D view, simply by keeping the left mouse button pressed.
Just as you may be used to saving 2D symbols.
With the context menu of the right mouse button you get the option "Save selection
as group ...".
It is important to understand that you only get this context menu in an active 2D
view. So even if you select elements in a 3D or sectional view, you have to activate a
2D top view afterwards.
The reason is that exactly the current 2D representation of the active view is saved as
a 2D symbol to the group and later also serves as a 2D replacement representation for
inserted groups.
As a result groups in your floor plans look exactly as if they were part of the drawing
and not, as with 3D objects, from a calculated representation of the surface of the 3D
model.
Page 143
The Catalog
New Group Catalog
The situation is similar with the 3D object representing a group. Only what is visible
in your current 3D view is saved as a 3D model to your group. You have to take this
into account in certain cases.
An example: You create a conservatory that is open on the side adjoining the
building, but should nevertheless initially contain a room with a floor.
In the event that you do not want to separate the conservatory group in your project,
the open side is therefore closed with a room boundary wall and a room with a floor
is created within.
The room boundary wall must therefore be visible in the 2D view, because otherwise
it cannot be selected and therefore does not become part of the group.
However, the room boundary wall should not be visible in the 3D view otherwise the
group will look accordingly.
Therefore, in 3D you have to hide all elements with our visibility function that you
do not want to see as a 3D object of the group.
6.3.2 What is saved to a group?
As already mentioned, all selected and thus visible elements from a 2D top view with
their original building element properties are saved to a group.
These properties are used when the group is separated later to reconstruct the
components, so that walls become real walls, roofs become real roofs, etc.
In addition, a 2D symbol is generated and saved from the top view for the 2D
representation in floor plans and a 3D object for the display in 3D views.
When the group is separated these two elements are deleted from the project and
replaced with the correct components.
The visibility of a 3D view is used for the 3D object in the group. This means that at
the time of saving a group, there should only be a 3D view in the project, otherwise
there will be a random result.
In any case, there should be a 3D view.
The selection method also means that groups can only contain elements that are on
the same layer. You could save a floor of a building as a group, but not an entire
building.
Page 144
The Catalog
New Group Catalog
Possibly you would have to create the ground floor and the attic as individual groups
and insert them again on different layers in a later project.
When saving a group, you will first get a standard "Save as..." dialog in which you
determine the target directory and the file name. Groups have their own file format
and therefore also their own file extension (* .cyo).
The following dialog appears as a next step.
The description is used to enter a logical name, i.e. the name under which the group
is displayed in the catalog.
3D objects and materials are special cases in the event that you have used textures or
3D objects that are not included in our standard catalogs.
These options would save all of these files directly into the group, but this may result
in a group file becoming very, very large.
So these options should only be used in a special case, namely that you want to pass
the group on to someone whose computer does not have these "user-defined files".
Otherwise the group elements could not be reconstructed when the group is
separated.
6.3.3 Loading and inserting groups from the catalog
Groups are loaded as usual via drag and drop from the catalog and inserted into your
planning with a left mouse click.
There are differences to the placement of 3D objects. Groups cannot be rotated with
the mouse wheel while being inserted and you cannot change the reference point
with CTRL + W during insertion.
Page 145
The Catalog
New Group Catalog
To place or rotate groups, use the normal tools, rotate around a reference point or
move with a reference point from the selection toolbar when you have selected the
group.
6.3.4 Editing, changing, separating groups
Unlike 3D objects or 2D symbols, groups cannot be changed in size, i.e. they cannot
be scaled, since they basically consist of "real building components".
You can't texture parts of a group or change materials in it. If you want to do this,
you must first separate the group into its individual parts and then edit the resulting
elements as usual.
A group is separated via the right mouse button context menu when a group is
selected.
Separating a group cannot be undone. If necessary, you would have to delete the
separated parts and insert the group again from the catalog.
Page 146
The Catalog
New Group Catalog
6.3.5 Notes on groups with building components
Since groups can also contain construction elements such as walls, roofs, etc., these
elements behave normally again after they have been separated from the group.
Walls are always inserted at the zero level of the layer on which they are located for
example. Some parts of a group react to other properties of the project, depending on
where they are in the building structure.
When inserting a group with building elements, you would have to take into account
what should happen to it when the group will be separated.
Example 1: You created a garage in a project with a rough floor height of 2.2 m. To
do this, you had set the height of the floor where the garage was located to 2.2 m and
left the height property of the walls to "automatic".
"Automatic" means that the walls are always as high as the floor in which they are
located.
You have saved this garage as a group and are now inserting it into a new project, on
a floor with a default height of 2.8 m.
As long as the group is not separated the group looks as before. Once the group is
separated the walls would change their height and become 2.8 m high.
So you can either insert the group beforehand on your new layer with a suitable floor
height or you would have to adjust the height of the walls manually afterwards.
Example 2: the garage mentioned is to be built in a new project at a different level,
e.g. 50 cm above the level of the ground floor. In this case you would have to create
a separate building with the appropriate floor level for the group first, insert the
group, and then separated it.
6.3.6 Groups with walls or room boundaries
Groups can include walls or room boundaries. Some of those are also included in our
catalog examples, e.g. entire bathrooms or conservatories. As long as the group is not
separated, that's not a problem.
When separated, "real" walls are created again and the entire floor plan is
recalculated and new rooms might result.
You have to take into account that walls of the previous group may now lie edge to
edge with other walls, e.g. in the case of a conservatory that has been moved onto the
outer wall, or walls stuck directly in other walls, e.g. in a bathroom.
Both cases, wall to wall or walls in other walls, are bad for our automatic wall
intersection and room creation.
Such walls should or must be deleted manually after the group has been separated.
Groups made of entire rooms should also not be used to simply put together floor
plans from “room groups”.
Page 147
The Catalog
New Group Catalog
Remember that it is not good practice to split walls running in the same direction into
several wall sections (e.g. an outer wall over the entire length of the building).
In such cases, it would be better or necessary to delete the individual wall parts and
extend one along the entire length using the "extend wall" tool.
6.3.7 Visibilities of groups, visibilities when separating a group
As usual, there is a separate visibility category for groups below "3D objects". This
can be used to make groups visible or invisible in our 2D and 3D views.
If you separate a group into their previous elements, the components are
reconstructed and, of course, are subsequently subject to the visibility of the
respective views in your project.
As a result this can show some unexpected effects, ceilings that were previously
visible as part of the group apparently disappear when they are separated from the
group, just because ceiling elements are set invisible in your current view.
Other elements could suddenly appear because they were set invisible when the
group's 3D object was created and are now visible in your view by default, roof
panelling for example.
Page 148
The Catalog
Balconies, as Groups in our catalog
6.3.8 Components of a group, elements which are not available in your software
version
Not all components are available in every software variant. This applies in particular
to 3D Construction elements such as base solids, extrude and sweep solids.
So it may be that a group contains 3D constructions, but your current software
version does not provide these functions and elements.
This does not matter when inserting a group, the groups look correct.
Separating a group will also work, but you won't be able to edit and change the
unknown elements in your version.
This applies in particular to 3D construction solids, which are only included in our
higher-quality versions, but were often used in the groups in our sample catalog.
6.4 BALCONIES, AS GROUPS IN OUR CATALOG
With our new railing functions, we have pre-constructed several balconies in

standard dimensions and added them in the group catalog.
These balconies consist of three parts, two extrude solids for the floor slabs, one as a
"replacement" for the ceiling and one as a covering. The railing is mounted on it.
The construction of the balconies is 16 cm thick for the ceiling solid which
corresponds to our standard thickness for ceilings, 8 cm covering and railing height
1.10 m.
The level of the ceiling solid is – 16 cm relative to the floor level. So if you insert
one of the finished balconies in a 2D plan view, ideally it will automatically position
itself correctly.
Page 149
The Catalog
Creating your own Directories, Modifing Preview Images
6.4.1 Editing balcony groups
If there is a need for changes, you must first separate the group into its individual
parts. This also applies if you only want to change the material of one of the
components. To do this, select the balcony and choose "Separate group" from the
right mouse button context menu.
Now you can edit all individual parts as usual, change materials and size. If you have
already prepared a floor slab for the balcony, simply delete the lower 3D solids
coming from the group.
In a building with several identical balconies, it could make sense to adjust only one
and then save it as a new balcony in your group catalog. To do this, select all
components and choose "Save selection as group..." from the context menu. Now
you can simply insert all other balconies of your project as a group.
Since both the 3D and the 2D representation correspond exactly to the original, you
do not need to separate the other balcony groups either.
6.5 CREATING YOUR OWN DIRECTORIES, MODIFING PREVIEW IMAGES

Since the catalog can be expanded at any time, it is also possible to modify the name
and the preview image of a directory.
To do this, right-click on the directory using the mouse and select ‘Properties’ from
the context menu. Now choose an appropriate name for the directory, and for the
image which is shown in the catalog instead of the folder symbol. The name entered
does not rename the directory itself.
Page 150
The Catalog
Additional Functions
6.6 ADDITIONAL FUNCTIONS
6.6.1 Snap Points for 3D Objects
A right mouse click on a 3D object which has been selected in the catalog, opens the
following context menu:
A click on the entry for ‘Edit snap points’ opens the snap point editor, in which snap
points can be defined for an object using the mouse, or be specified numerically.
Snap points are not shown in 3D views and are used exclusively for positioning 3D
objects.
When defining snap points with the mouse, you have the option of snapping to edges
and/or corners. For the sake of clarity, the representation can be changed for complex
objects. Selected snap points can be edited or deleted from the list. On exiting the
dialog with ‘OK’, the snap points are stored permanently in the *.cyg file.
Page 151
The Catalog
6.6.2 Effect of Snap Points when Positioning 3D Objects
When a selected object is being positioned with the mouse, snap points are detected
within a specified radius (in cm) of the cursor. If the snap points of two objects are
detected within the snap radius, then a preview is automatically created which shows
the user how the objects would be positioned, were the mouse button to be released.
6.6.3 Additional Information and Properties for 3D Objects
If one of the 3D objects for windows, doors or skylights, is selected from the catalog,
a right mouse click opens the following context menu.
Page 152
The Catalog
The ‘Chunk editor’ is opened over the menu item for ‘Edit Chunks’, and is the tool in
your software which is used to allocate certain additional information to objects. The
Chunk editor is opened together with a 3D preview of the selected object. You can
select what kind of additional information is to be edited or added, under ‘Chunk
type’.
You then specify how the additional information is to be processed when the ‘Chunk
editor’ is terminated with ‘OK’.
Page 153
The Catalog
6.6.3.1 Creating your own Windows and Doors, Chunk Type ‘Opening’
The Chunk type for ‘Opening’ specifies all the properties that windows and doors
require in order to be used as construction elements. The most important information
is for the ‘opening solid’, which creates the corresponding opening when the object
is inserted in a wall. The contour of the ‘opening solid’ is normally recognised
automatically with the ‘Find Contour’ button. Depending on the modelling of the 3D
object, the automatic contour may however contain a unnecessarily large number of
contour points, for example if the model contains finely modelled curves. Each of the
contour points generated can be selected in the list and edited or deleted. If the
‘Show ‘opening solid’ option is active, the effect on the ‘opening solid’ can be seen
directly in the object preview.
If the object is later to be inserted correctly in a wall, a depth correction must be

specified. This correction is necessary, especially with rabbets, since only the frame
is of interest when positioning the window, and not the casements and their fittings
or other elements contained in the 3D model. The simplest method to obtain the
required values, is to drag the 3D object into a 2D plan view, and to measure it there
accurately with the aid of guidelines, the ‘Center guideline’ option delivers the
required axes directly. The values obtained can then be entered with the chunk editor.
Page 154
The Catalog
6.6.3.2 Manufacturers’ Data in 3D Objects, Chunk Type for General Information
3D objects can contain information about the product and its manufacturer. This data
can be edited in the catalog under the chunk type for ‘General Information’.
The objects can also contain separate internet addresses for the product and the
manufacturer respectively. The program differentiates between the internet address
shown, and the one that is actually used as soon as the user requests further
information from the pages of the manufacturer during construction. The reason for
this is that the link to a product can be of any length, depending on the range of
products of the supplier, and is therefore not always suitable for display in a dialog.
The full addresses are shown as a tooltip in the object properties dialog. A click on
the internet address automatically opens the default browser, and the page is shown if
the system is connected to the internet.
Page 155
The Catalog
6.6.3.3 Manufacturers’ Data in 3D Objects, Chunk Type for PDF Document
Apart from their names and internet links, 3D objects can optionally contain further
information about the product in PDF format. The PDF files are integrated in the 3D
objects and are therefore always available, irrespective of where the object is used.
The PDF document is selected with a click on the PDF button, and can then be
opened using the ‘display file’ button.
For objects which contain PDF files, the PDF button is active in the object properties
dialog, otherwise the PDF button is inactive and appears grey.
A click on the PDF button automatically opens the document with the default
program for PDF files. With this function, manufacturers have the possibility your
software to provide, together with their 3D construction elements, catalogue items
Page 156
The Catalog
with photos, technical data or any other information which might be of interest to
customers and planners.
6.6.3.4 Alternative 2D Representation of 3D Objects, Chunk Type for 2D Alternative

Representation
The representation of 3D objects in 2D plan views, is generated by default from the

3D model and its defined edges when the object is loaded i.e. when it is inserted
from the catalog. Alternatively, objects can have fixed representations defined in the
form of 2D-symbols (*cys files). This fixed representation is allocated to the object
over the ‘Alternative 2D representation’ chunk. Objects which contain a chunk for
alternative 2D representation, are always automatically represented by this symbol.
Working with fixed representations can considerably improve the graphic quality and
speed up the loading of 3D elements which contain a lot of edges, as the 2D
representation no longer has to be generated.
When using alternative representations of objects, it should be noted that they are
automatically scaled according to the exterior dimensions of the 3D object.
Therefore, the proportions of the symbol should correspond to those of the 3D object.
If the scale of an object with an alternative representation, is later distorted, then the
2D representation is distorted to the same extent. The following illustration shows a
table with its automatic alternative representation on the left, and on the right its
representation by a symbol added later.
Page 157
The Catalog
Changes to the catalog for 3D Objects, Textures, Materials, 2D-Symbols and Groups
6.6.4 Open File, Selecting Files Locally
3D objects which are not stored in the Installation\Objects directory are not visible in
the catalog and can therefore not be used in planning. However these objects can be
accessed with the function 'Open file' on the left side of the catalog. Then select the
required object in the 'Open file' dialog. When the dialog is terminated with 'OK', the
object is loaded and is available to be positioned using the normal drag and drop
procedure.
The paths of objects loaded in this way are always absolute paths on your system.
This means that subsequent changes in the directory structure, or if the object file is
moved or deleted, will result in the object no longer being available to the project.
Valid files such as objects, textures and materials can also be directly imported over
the Windows Explorer and used in planning. In this case the absolute paths of the
files also apply for the project.
6.7 CHANGES TO THE CATALOG FOR 3D OBJECTS, TEXTURES,

MATERIALS, 2D-SYMBOLS AND GROUPS
So far, the catalogs for 3D objects, textures, materials, 2D symbols and recently also
for groups only pointed to specified main directories in your installation path.
Loading and managing your own files in your own directories was a bit complicated
and only possible via a "Open file ..." dialog.
Now you can integrate separate directories for each category and then navigate
within these directories as usual in your catalog.
Both, the buttons for the main categories and the dialog for managing the directories
have been revised.
The buttons now offer a menu via the small black arrow on the right-hand side,
which contains the previous main directories, the standard alternative in your user
directory as "My Objects" and an entry for opening the directory dialog. If you
define your own directories, these are added as additional menu entries. With one
click on the menu entry, the catalog display changes to this directory.
If you click directly on the button the catalog behaves as before and switches
between the main categories.
Page 158
The Catalog
6.7.1 Creating and managing your own directories
You open this dialog either via the catalog with the menu "Edit directories ..." or via
the menu File - Settings - Program.
It offers the option to specify your own catalog directories for each category. The
standard catalogs and the alternative in the "My Documents" directory are created
automatically here and cannot be changed.
To add a new directory, click on the "Add folder" button above the respective
category.
Everything else are Windows standard functions. The newly created directory then
shows its path and the logical name is by default the name of the directory.
This name is also used on the menu button in the catalog and can therefore be
changed. Double-click in the column with the name and change it if necessary.
Page 159
The Catalog
The settings for your directories are stored in a separate XML file in your user
directory. File name is "UserPaths.xml".
With future updates, this file can be copied into the new user directory and you do
not have to make new settings every time.
Our installation program tries to automatically copy user files in future updates, but
depending on the computer and user access rights, this may not always work.
Page 160
The Project Viewer / Projects
General
7 THE PROJECT VIEWER / PROJECTS
7.1 GENERAL
The toolbox on the right-hand side of the software window contains, as well as the
catalog and possible extensions for special plug-ins, also the project viewer, which is
the central place in your software for maintaining projects and their hierarchy, and
for creating buildings, floors and layers. The project viewer is activated with a click
on the ‘Projects’ tab, which is located by default at the bottom of the toolbox.
When a new project is created, a basic structure is automatically provided. This
consists of a new project, a ‘Building 1’, a ‘Ground floor’ and the associated ‘Floor
plan’ layer.
Furthermore, the projects contains ‘Environment’ layer, which in turn contains such
elements as ‘Plot’ and the ‘North arrow’ - elements which only occur once in a
project. A new project also opens a new 2D plan view, which is listed under ‘Views’.
The current layers and their associated hierarchy are shown in red in the tree, to
improve clarity. Elements, e.g. walls, are always inserted in the current layer, i.e. in
the example shown in the ‘Floor plan’ layer.
Page 161
Project Properties
The visibility of the structure in existing views can be set individually for each view
with the check boxes in the tree.
Depending on where you are currently positioned in the project hierarchy, the project
viewer provides various buttons, with which the functions valid for this level or the
information contained there, can be accessed. The functions which are provided for
all levels, and can be accessed over the context menu opened with a right-click, or
alternatively over the buttons, are from left to right:
 Refresh
 Set as current element
 Rename
 Properties
In the project viewer, the sequence of buildings and layers within floors can be
changed in the "project tree". Buildings as well as layers can be sorted in single steps
or alphabetically ascending or descending.
You can create your own view categories using the context menu and assign the
existing views to these categories. Activating and deactivating categories
automatically also ensures that the view in it becomes visible or invisible. Especially
with larger projects and many views a clear simplification.
7.2 PROJECT PROPERTIES
Page 162
Buildings
The project properties comprise of project name, data concerning changes, as well as
the name and address of the planned building, the planner and the owner. There is no
connection between the project name and the name of the project file.
7.3 BUILDINGS
You can create new buildings for the active ‘Project’ level in the tree
structure. With the button for ‘New Building’ , or from the context menu of the
same name, you can open a dialog, in which a name can be specified for the building.
7.4 FLOORS / CREATING NEW FLOORS
You can create new floors and apartments for the active ‘Building’ level in the tree
structure.
A new floor is created either above or below the current floor i.e. the one shown in
red in the tree, depending on the option chosen, and begins with the ‘New floor
above’ dialog.
Page 163
Floors / Creating New Floors
The name of the new floor, its height, as well as the thickness of the flooring and the
ceiling structure are specified in the first part of the dialog.
The setting for ‘Wall Panelling’ has no visible effect in the plan. However, it is taken
into account in the calculation of areas and for project reports. The default value
entered here can be changed later in the wall properties for each wall.
The ‘Transfer’ part of the dialog defines which elements of the original floor should
be copied or ignored. In the ‘Objects’ area, you can specify in detail the objects that
are to be copied. The options ‘all’ or ‘none’ can be used, apart from their obvious
usage, to assist object selection. If you only want to copy a small number of objects,
first select the option ‘none’, which deactivates all the objects listed in the tree. Only
four mouse-clicks are then needed to copy walls, flooring and ceilings, and all other
objects do not have to be excluded first.
7.4.1 Lengthen, Rotate, Mirror, Copy Buildings
The ‘Edit’ toolbar also contains a category with various tools for editing buildings
and floors. From left to right:
 Lengthen current floor

 Lengthen current building
 Lengthen all buildings
Page 164
 Rotate current building

 Rotate current building about a reference point
 Mirror building
 Move building
 Copy building
After activation, some operations require various steps on input. To lengthen a

building for instance, the area whose contents are to be lengthened must first be
defined, or for rotation a reference point must be entered. The necessary steps are
described in the status bar at the bottom of the window and in the following sections.
7.4.1.1 Lengthen Buildings/Floors
To lengthen a floor or building the first step is to define the area to be modified, by
entering a rectangle. Next, a reference point is defined with a further mouse click.
All elements or points of elements (e.g the ends of walls), which are located within
the rectangle are now moved. First of all a preview is shown and the action can then
be terminated with the mouse or numerically in the tool options dialog. In the
following illustration the main steps are shown one after the other to demonstrate
input.
Page 165
7.4.1.2 Rotate Buildings
Two functions are provided to rotate buildings, a general function, that rotates about
the centre of the building, and a version using a reference point.
In both cases a preview is shown, and the angle of rotation can be specified with the
mouse or numerically.
Tip: The angle grid function can also be used here with the ‘Cntl’ key held pressed.
The following illustration shows general rotation and rotation about a reference point
as an example next to each other:
Page 166
7.4.1.3 Mirror Buildings
To mirror a building the mirror axis must be entered with the mouse. As soon as this
has been defined the action is carried out immediately.
It should be noted that when a building is mirrored, roofs are not mirrored. Therefore
to construct a semi-detached house by entering one half and then mirroring it, first a
copy of the building must be created and this then mirrored.
7.4.1.4 Move or Copy Buildings
A building is always moved using a reference point, which must first be entered with
the mouse. Next, a preview of the building is shown with the reference point attached
to the mouse. A further mouse-click concludes the operation.
Page 167
Copying buildings and floors, mirror with copy,…
7.5 COPYING BUILDINGS AND FLOORS, MIRROR WITH COPY,…

The Edit Building menu on the EDIT ribbon has been enhanced with some features.
In this context, we have also revised the mirroring of buildings.
Page 168
7.5.1 Copying and mirroring a building
Copying a mirrored version of a building starts immediately after you call the
function and insert the mirror axis.
When inserting the mirror axis with two mouse clicks, we recommend holding down
the CTRL key to ensure an exact vertical or horizontal course of the axis with the
internal angle grid.
The mirror axis is marked with the arrow in the screenshot below.
The mirrored result:
Page 169
Note that not all elements are mirrored and copied. This includes roofs and
dimensions. This would have to be recreated or re-entered after mirroring.
7.5.2 Copying your current floor to new building or new project
You can copy the active floor of a building to a new building or to a new building in
another project. All layers that exist below the active floor are also copied.
In the copy dialog you can assign a name to the future floor. The level of the new
floor after copying can also be specified if necessary.
If you copy to a new building, you will see the following options in the dialog.
Page 170
If you have already opened a second project, the dialog looks like this. You can
choose the project to copy the floor to and also the view you want to use when
copying.
The reason is that the floor needs to be positioned before inserting it.
And for that you need a view to place it. In most cases, you also need other parts of
the building in the project for orientation in this view, so that you can, for example,
position the new floor exactly on top of another.
Page 171
If you leave the dialog with OK, the copied floor is “added” to your mouse cursor. At
this time you only see a preview.
As long as the preview cursor is still active, you can use your CTRL + W keys to
toggle through the corners of the floor plan until you have reached the correct corner
for positioning.
A left mouse click inserts the floor.
Page 172
Note: after such a copying process, you should save the project with the newly
inserted floor under a new name and reload it. When loading, all constructive
elements are newly created or constructed based on their parameters.
7.5.2.1 Adjusting floors in "copied" buildings.
In a normal planning, the software manages the floors of a building as a unit, in

terms of their levels and heights. This is one of the reasons why the building is made
by copying floors up or down.
If you "copy" a building together from several projects or individual floors, you may
have to manage the levels and heights of the floors yourself and control the building
individually.
If you subsequently change the height of a floor in a "normal" building, you will be
asked how the other floors should react.
In this special case, you should activate the options "without moving adjacent
floors". And if necessary, adjust the other floors manually afterwards, so that the
building fits together.
Page 173
7.5.3 Moving your current floor
If you call up the "Move current floor" function from the menu, the software tries to
summarize the outer contours of the walls and "add" them to your mouse cursor.
You will then see the outline of your floor plan, with the calculated center being
transferred to the mouse.
However, it would be difficult if not impossible to place a specific point, usually a
corner of the building, exactly on top of the other floors.
You can now use the familiar key combination CTRL + W to toggle the corners of
the contour under your mouse. If you press CTRL + W multiple times, the corner
points will toggle along the mouse until you reach the correct one for placement.
With a left mouse click you insert the floor at this position.
In the following figure you can see the current floor on the left and the mentioned
contour as your mouse cursor on the right.
Page 174
Copying layers, copying selected elements onto a new layer
7.6 COPYING LAYERS, COPYING SELECTED ELEMENTS ONTO A NEW

LAYER
Usually, when creating the building, layers are duplicated by copying them together
with the floors in which they were created.
However, there may be cases where you don't want to copy the entire floor but just a
layer inside of it. For example, this could be a layer with interior design objects that
was created at a later time.
Copying layers can also be useful when planning new building elements or
construction elements that are intended for demolition.
You find the copying functions in a right mouse button context menu when you click
on a layer in our project viewer.
Page 175
7.6.1 Copying layers
When you start the functions "Copy layer" or “Copy selected element on new layer”,
the following dialog appears:
The function always uses the currently active layer in our project viewer as the
source layer for copying. The source layer name appears above the project tree.
In the left pane, you can specify which elements of the source layer you want to
copy.
In the tree structure "Select layer", you determine the target layer for the copying
process.
You could create the target layer before calling the function from our project viewer
and then select it using the checkbox.
If you accidentally select the source layer as your target layer, you get the following
message.
If there is no existing target layer, you can create one using the "Create layer" button.
Page 176
The new layer must first be assigned to a floor. Therefore, first click on the floor in
our project tree.
Otherwise, the software assumes that you want to create a copy on the same floor as
the source layer.
Then click on “Create layer”. The standard dialog opens, in which you can specify a
name and a level for the layer. The level is always relative to the floor level and in
most cases remains at zero.
When you have made your selection for elements and target layer, close the dialog
with OK and the copying process begins.
The elements are created at the same position on the new as they were on the source
layer.
Page 177
7.6.2 Copying selected elements to a new layer
A special case of copying layers is copying only elements previously selected in your
planning.
A typical use case for this would be to copy just few of the walls from a floor plan
layer to a "demolition layer", just to show them differently on your final plans.
In particular, if you only want to remove parts of a wall, create a copy on a new layer
and change the length of the copied wall with our standard wall editing tools.
Shorten the copied wall so that only the part to be removed remains and then colour
that part of the wall yellow or whatever marking is required locally.
Note: if you keep the SHIFT key pressed when selecting elements, you can select
several elements one after the other with further left mouse clicks and select them for
the copying process.
In our Copy layer dialog, the option "Copy selected elements only" is activated.
Page 178
Conversion, new construction, demolition - 2D representation of layers
7.7 CONVERSION, NEW CONSTRUCTION, DEMOLITION - 2D

REPRESENTATION OF LAYERS
For certain elements on a layer, the 2D representation colour in 2D plan views can be
easily adjusted using the "Change 2D representation colour" dialog.
The advantage here is that this function does not change the actual properties of the
elements, but paints a new colour representation over them. The original properties
are therefore retained. As a consequence, the changed colour or display can also be
removed later using the same dialog. This allows you to create a different display at
any time without great effort, e.g. even for a single printout. If you want to remove
the alternative 2D representation, just open the dialog again, deactivate the
checkboxes in front of the elements and you get the original display back.
Note: Walls are always completely coloured, regardless of their layer structure. If
you really want to change the display of the layer structure, use the functions for
walls on the EDIT ribbon, change 2D representation or change layered structure.
7.7.1 Changing the 2D representation of elements on a layer (demolition - new

construction)
Open the dialog for changing the colour of a layer in our project viewer via the
context menu or via the button in our project viewer toolbar.
Page 179
Conversion, new construction, demolition - 2D representation of layers
The dialog shows you a reduced preview of the layer content. Reduced in such a way
that only the elements whose display can be changed are displayed, plus dimensions
for a better orientation.
Note: in our preview, you can navigate like in a 2D view, i.e. zoom, scroll, etc. You
can also select specific elements with left mouse clicks, to which the currently active
display properties are then assigned. This avoids a search for the right element in our
tree structure, especially if you only want to display some few components
differently.
To change the display, first select the line and fill properties on the left of the dialog.
Page 180
Apartments
Then activate the elements in our tree structure to which this display is to be applied.
Or you can click on the items in the preview instead, as mentioned before.
The selection colour for the preview is used to mark components when you click on
an entry in the element selection without activating the checkbox. This representation
is only temporary and can only be seen in the preview. See the following screenshot
at wall 111.
If you want to reset the display to its original state or to the actual drawing
properties, open the dialog again and remove the selection in the tree structure. Then
close the dialog with OK and everything looks the same as before.
Note: this function completely paints over the components. If you only want to
highlight parts of a wall with a representation for new construction or demolition,
copy the wall onto its own layer using the "Copy layer" or "Copy selection to new
layer" functions.
Then change the length of the wall or its position and adjust the display for the new
layer only.
7.8 APARTMENTS
For the subsequent calculation of areas, the software provides the grouping of rooms
to form apartments. Apartments are not really layers as such, so they can not be set to
visible or invisible over the project viewer, although the tree structure appears to
allow such functions. Apartments can consist of rooms from different floors but not
from different buildings. The properties dialog for apartments can be activated when
a building is selected in the tree structure in the same way as for creating new floors.
Page 181
Apartments
The dialog presents all rooms in the current building, with their names and the floor
they belong to, and they can then be assigned to an existing apartment or used to
create a new one. Newly created rooms can also be assigned to an existing apartment
over the ‘Room’ dialog.
Apartments are automatically sorted into a separate hierarchy level within the project
viewer.
7.8.1 Apartment Views
There is a separate "Apartment View" view type, which gives you an overview of
which rooms are assigned to which apartments. Or maybe a room was overlooked
and the area evaluation would be wrong.
In the apartment view, room surfaces are displayed coloured so that you can see
whether the assignment corresponds to your ideas. You can set the colour of the
room display in the properties dialog of the respective apartment.
In the apartment view, only the floors and layers, which contain the rooms assigned
to the apartment, are automatically displayed. If the rooms of the apartment are
distributed over several floors, you will see a note "different floors" in the title of the
apartment view and in our project viewer the visibility shows in which floors the
rooms of the apartment are located.
Page 182
Layers
7.9 LAYERS
Layers are a vital feature for grouping objects. They not only have an affect on
visibility and selection, but also serve to structure projects. As a user you can create
new layers at the floor level. The properties of layers are restricted to the name and
the level.
7.9.1 Levels of Layers
The ‘Level’ of a layer is relative to the level of the floor in which the layer is created,
and can deviate positively or negatively from the floor level. If you change the level
to 0.50 m when creating a new layer in the first upper floor, all elements inserted on
this layer, such as walls, supports, furniture and fittings etc., are inserted 0.50 m
Page 183
Layers
above the floor. For elements such as walls, which automatically adjust their height
to the height of the floor, the result is that the walls assume a height given by: Height
of floor – Level of layer = Height of element.
For example, if the upper floor is 2.8 m high and the level of the layer 0.5 m, the
walls are created with a height of 2.3 m.
7.9.2 Floors/Rooms with Split Levels
The characteristics of layers as described above also form the basis for creating
floors whose rooms are on different levels.
Whenever a floor is created, a ‘Floor plan’ layer with a level 0 relative to the level of
the floor is generated. If you wish to create a room within this floor which is not at
level 0, proceed as follows:
 create a new layer in the floor
 in the dialog that appears set the level that is required
 now enter on the new layer (see project viewer) the walls for the new room
 it is important that walls on different layers do not connect to form new
rooms. To close the room use the ‘Room boundary’ wall type, which does not
represent a ‘Floor plan’ wall but only serves to close a room. Without a
closed room no floor would be generated for the room.
 As a rule the ceiling must now be input manually, since the automatic ceiling
does cover the new room.. However, first the automatic ceilings option must
be deactivated in the properties dialog for the floor.
Page 184
Layers
7.9.3 Changing the Height or Level of Floors
If the height of a floor has to be subsequently changed, it naturally has affects on the
other levels of the building. Shown here are examples, in which exaggerated values
are used for clarity, of the various options available.
In the example, the height of the ground floor is changed from 2.80 m to 5.0 m
After the dialog has been terminated with ‘OK’, the following options are presented
to the user:
Page 185
Layers
First, the dialog differentiates between floors which are situated above or below the
current floor. The options available have the following effects:
 Adjust the bordering floor: changes the height of the floor. In the example
shown this would have the following effect: The ground floor and the upper
floor were both 2.80 m high, therefore together 5.60 m. The ground floor is
changed to have a height of 5.0 m. When the upper floor has been adjusted it
has a height of only 0.6 m.
 Move the bordering floors: moves the upper floors and changes their level.
The level of the of the first floor was previously 2.80 m. After the adjustment
the level of the floor is changed to 5.0 m, the new height of the ground floor,
but retains its original height of 2.80 m.
 No adjustment:: the bordering floors are not changed. In the example this
would result in the ground floor penetrating the upper floor, not a good idea.
Nevertheless, there are certain applications for this option.
We select the following options:
Above: Move the bordering floors.
Below: No adjustment. This would only make sense if the level of the ground floor
had been changed downwards.
Here the results:
A further example:
We reduce the height of the ground floor from 5.0 m to 4.0 m, and select the
following options:
Above: No adjustment
Below: No adjustment
Page 186
Rooms
This results in a gap of 1.0 m between the upper floor and the ground floor, since
neither the height nor the level of upper floor has changed. To close this gap the level
of the upper floor would have to be subsequently adjusted.
7.10 ROOMS
Rooms are automatically created with a default text, a numbered room name and a
floor, as soon as the walls form a closed object. Rooms are selected by clicking on
the flooring in 2D, 3D or cross-section views.
7.10.1 Properties of Rooms
You can open the room properties dialog with a double click on the selected room or
over the corresponding context menu.
Page 187
Rooms
Under ‘General’ you can specify a name for room. Allocating rooms to an apartment
can be done either directly when an apartment is created in the project viewer, or
here in the room dialog, where an apartment must already exist, otherwise the
corresponding area is deactivated.
7.10.2 Labelling Rooms
A special text can be generated separately for each room. The contents of the text are
defined in the dialog under ‘Text’. Predefined terms and values are provided, which
correspond to the procedures supported for calculating areas. The text which is to be
displayed can be activated over a check box. Additionally, you can assign each value
a predefined prefix, a text preceding the value, or enter your own text in the field
provided. The text may be associated with a room, i.e. it is removed when the room
no longer exists, but it can be formatted and positioned independently. If you double
click on the selected text of a room, not to be confused with a selected room, the
properties dialog for text is opened and you can change the properties defined there
as required.
Page 188
Rooms
7.10.3 Calculating Areas
Under ‘Arithmetic’ in the dialog, you can specify the desired settings for an analysis
of the rooms according to DIN 277 and the living space ordinance. The values,
which are calculated using the specified settings, are available on the one hand for
labelling rooms, and on the other as output for other plug-ins, such as Quantities. An
attribution of costs of the resultant values is not made automatically based on the
defined usage. If you define a usage over the tree structure, which should result in a
attribution of costs, you have to make the required setting manually.
7.10.4 The Floor, Material and structural Layers
As with other elements, the floor consists of a building material, which also affects
the way it is represented in views. Changes to visualization materials and texture
coordinates can be made under ‘Room>General’. The 2D representation of the
building material in 2D plan views is deactivated by default, but can be set for each
room over the option for ‘Filled in representation in plan views’.
Page 189
General Functions
Automatically saving projects, saving reminder
8 GENERAL FUNCTIONS
8.1 AUTOMATICALLY SAVING PROJECTS, SAVING REMINDER
Automatic saving is not always advantageous, especially not with very large plans
and short periods of time.
Instead, we added a reminder function which displays the following dialog with
buttons for saving at the desired time.
You can decide for yourself whether you want to save now or whether you close the
dialog. The function checks whether another dialog is open at the defined time or
whether an input tool is being used right now. This prevents you, for example, from
carrying out extensive work in the roof dialog or having a complex polygonal input
in progress and suddenly the save dialog appears in between. If one of the two
conditions prevents the opening of the saving reminder dialog at the preset time, the
dialog will appear immediately afterwards instead. The timer for the period of time is
then also reset.
Buttons are shown with the following variants:

- Save current project: saves the project with the same file name
- Save current project as: opens the Save as... dialog so that you can give the project
a new name, i.e. basically create a copy of the project, which is highly recommended.
If several projects are loaded at the same time, the two additional buttons become
active, but offer the same functions as previously described.
Page 190
General Functions
Automatically saving projects, saving reminder
The settings for the reminder dialog can also be found in the SETTINGS –
PROGRAM menu on the Messages & dialogs page. (in a ribbon version via the
menu behind the button with the green arrow at the top left)
Page 191
General Functions
Guidelines
8.2 GUIDELINES
8.2.1 2D Guidelines
Different types of guidelines, and methods of creating them, are provided for 2D plan
views and 2D elevations/cross-sections. The main difference in the types of views is
that guidelines, as with several other 2D elements, are present in all plan views, but
in cross-sections are only present in the view in which they were entered. The reason
for this is that cross-section views do in fact also represent the model, but from
different angles depending on the placement of the symbol for the line of cut of the
cross-section. Therefore, there is no point in showing 2D elements, such as
guidelines, in all views.
With lines there is a difference between a straight line and a straight length. Straight
lines are ‘infinite’, whereas a straight length has a start and end point, which is
noticeable in the different methods for entering them.
All types of guidelines can be suppressed for each view over the visibility option for
the construction aids category.
The properties for colour and style, can be set for all types of guidelines. These
properties can be changed later, and can also be specified when the guidelines are
being created in the properties dialog, which is activated over the context menu
opened with a right mouse click. The advantage of doing this when they are being
created, is that the guidelines then have the right properties immediately, and do not
have to be modified later.
Page 192
General Functions
Guidelines
8.2.1.1 Angled Guidelines
For angled guidelines, the software assumes by default an angle of 45 degrees. You
can specify other values when guidelines are being created in the properties dialog,
which is activated over the context menu, opened with a right mouse click. Once the
guideline has been created, it is not possible to change the angle.
8.2.2 3D Guidelines
For 3D views, the software provides 3D guidelines of various types, which can be
selected with the button.
The various types of 3D guidelines are from top to bottom:

 Guideline parallel to the x-axis
 Guideline parallel to the y-axis
 Guideline parallel to the z-axis
 Any straight length
 Any straight line
Page 193
General Functions
Guidelines
 Edge guideline
 Guideline parallel in a plane
 Guideline parallel in a plane at a distance
 Any guideline (2 points) in a plane
 Perpendicular guideline in a plane
 Vertical guideline in a plane
 Horizontal guideline in a plane
When creating 3D guidelines, the current position is shown by a 3D cursor, which
snaps to surfaces/faces, edges and corners. To help in creating guidelines relative to
axes and all straight guidelines, the line itself is shown. The edge guideline and
guidelines in a plane are explained further in the following sections.
8.2.2.1 Edge Guideline
The edge guideline aids construction by automatically determining the edges present
in a 3D view, and shows a preview of the guideline as soon as the 3D cursor comes
within snap radius of one of the edges. A left mouse click then creates the guideline.
Edges are not only the ‘proper’ edges of a 3D solid, but also the edges of the
triangles, which define a 3D solid in a visualization. An exact rectangular surface is
made up of two triangles, which means that with the edge guideline you can also
automatically enter a diagonal guideline.
Page 194
General Functions
Guidelines
You can work with the edge guideline much more accurately, especially with
complex bodies, if you switch the representation mode of the 3D view to wire frame.
8.2.2.2 3D Guidelines in Planes
Working with 3D guidelines within a referenced plane is particularly important for

bodies and their surfaces whose slope could not, or not easily, be determined without
these aids. When you have activated one of these construction aids, in our example
‘Guideline parallel in a plane at distance’, and you move the cursor over the 3D
Page 195
General Functions
Guidelines
view, the software detects any triangles which are located under the cursor and
outlines them in yellow. A left mouse click then sets the reference plane defined by
the triangle.
The next step is to select one of the three sides of the triangle as a reference side,
parallel to which the guideline can then be positioned. The reference side is
highlighted in yellow when it is within the snap radius.
Another left mouse click sets the side detected as the reference line, and the actual
guideline can now be positioned parallel to the reference line.
Page 196
General Functions
Measurement
With the final mouse click a dialog is opened, in which a value for the distance from
the object can be specified for this type of guideline. For other types of guidelines the
3D guideline would be created immediately and the process terminated.
8.3 MEASUREMENT
There are several kinds of measuring functions.
Distance: User-defined value
Distance between a straight line and a point: Perpendicular measurement from a
selected component e.g. the side of a wall.
During input the current values, such as angle and distance, are continuously updated
on the measurement line. A left mouse click terminates the measurement process and
the result is shown in the plan, until another measurement is carried out, or the
measurement function is terminated with ‘Esc’ or over the context menu.
Page 197
General Functions
Dimensions
Measure over polygon: For when you have several lengths over polygon points
fixed in one step. On exiting the tool, the overall size is displayed. So for example
you can quickly determine the dimensions of a property or other polygonal body.
Angle measurement:
8.4 DIMENSIONS
8.4.1 General
Basically, the software differentiates between single, multiple and height dimensions
(for cross-sections and views). The type selected determines the way it can be
entered.
The settings for a dimension, as regards type, style and text, can be changed for an
existing dimension, or for all dimensions which are entered subsequently, in the
properties dialog for ‘Dimensions’, which is opened over the context menu activated
with a right mouse click.
Page 198
General Functions
Dimensions
The 3D dimension types are available, over the context menu opened with a right
mouse click, in all 3D previews shown in dialogs. However, here they have more of
a measuring function, since the dimension is lost when the preview or the dialog is
closed.
Page 199
General Functions
Dimensions
8.4.2 2D and 3D Single Dimensions
Single dimensions can be entered for 2D and 3D views in the following ways:
Single Dimension 2D: Input is over a start and end point, which determine the
length and direction of the dimension line. Subsequently, the dimension line can be
placed in its final position with the mouse, using drag and drop.
Single Dimension 3D: Input is over a start and end point, which are highlighted
in red in the 3D views. The current distance between the points is displayed directly
on input. Input is aided by the snap function for edges and corners.
Edge Dimension: Input is with a mouse click, since the edges of triangles
contained in the view, are automatically calculated, and their dimensions previewed.
Edges of triangles also means in the example shown, that the two triangles of which
the rectangle is comprised, are automatically recognized, so that the dimension for
the diagonal can also be set with a mouse click. For more complex bodies, more
accurate input is possible in the wire frame mode for 3D views.
Page 200
General Functions
Dimensions
8.4.3 2D and 3D Multiple Dimensions
Automatic Multiple Dimensions: Input is over a start and end point, which
determine the length and direction of the chained dimensions. Subsequently, the
chained dimensions can be placed in their final position with the mouse, using drag
and drop. Dimensions are created for all elements which are located under the
measurement line during input, and for which automatic dimensioning is provided.
For standard elements such as wall, supports, windows etc., this is generally the
case, but depending on the plug-in and its objects, the object itself determines
whether automatic dimensioning is possible or not.
There is a link between the dimensioned elements and their dimensions in the chain,
i.e. the chained dimensions react to changes to the elements to which they apply. If
you change the position or the size of an object with automatic dimensioning, there is
an overall change in the chained dimensions. However, this does not apply to
components inserted later, even if they are located under the original measurement
line. If you create dimensions automatically for a wall with several windows, and
then subsequently insert a new window in the wall, this has no effect on the chained
dimensions.
Multiple Dimensions over n-Points: With this option, the first dimension of the
chain defines the direction for all dimensions which follow. With further mouse
clicks you can then create new dimensions, until input is terminated with ‘Enter’.
Only then, can the complete chain be positioned.
3D Multiple Dimensions: This option does not create chained dimensions as
such, but rather a series of individual dimensions. The end point of the last
Page 201
General Functions
Height dimensions with alternative values above sea level in section and elevation views
dimension is always the start point for the next one. Otherwise, they behave on input
in the same way as a single 3D dimension.
8.4.4 Height Dimensions
The two different types of dimensions, for finished buildings and for the shell of a
building, differ only in their representation. Both provide in views and cross-sections
the absolute height relative to the origin of the project.
8.4.5 Angle measurement
An angle dimension is defined with three points. First, set the vertex of the angle
and then the two lines defining the angle. The angle measured is displayed
immediately.
8.5 HEIGHT DIMENSIONS WITH ALTERNATIVE VALUES ABOVE SEA LEVEL

IN SECTION AND ELEVATION VIEWS
Height dimensions in 2D-section views and elevations have always referred to the
zero level of your planning. And it remains that way. However, you can now specify
an internal value that is added to this building level, an internal height above sea
level.
You can enter the value in two ways, first in the dialog of the terrain and in your
ENVIRONMENT layer properties dialog in our Project Viewer.
Page 202
General Functions
Height dimensions with alternative values above sea level in section and elevation views
The value alone has no automatic effect. The terrain is not correspondingly high, and
the height dimensions are not automatically changed.
To do this, you must activate the corresponding option in the properties dialog of
height dimensions on the Details page.
To avoid having to set this individually for each height dimension, use the Transfer
properties function as usual.
Page 203
General Functions
Dimensions for Windows and Doors on axis
8.6 DIMENSIONS FOR WINDOWS AND DOORS ON AXIS
Both windows and doors offer in the extended properties dialogs the possibility to
show dimensions for the single element in 2D top views.
There are slight differences between the doors and the windows because the
dimensions of the door are centered within the element and windows depending on
the opening direction (optional).
Essentially, the properties are the same as those of the normal dimension, so you can
also apply their properties via the checkbox. This is just in case you have already
saved your own default settings for the dimensions.
The door dialog:
Page 204
General Functions
Dimension options for Window Constructions:
Page 205
General Functions
Resulting display in floor plans:
Page 206
General Functions
Automatic dimensioning drafts
All dimension properties can be transferred to other elements in your project using
the „Transfer property“ wizard. This is just to avoid that you have to edit each
window or door in your planning.
8.7 AUTOMATIC DIMENSIONING DRAFTS
With two new tools on the dimensioning menu, you can now generate an automatic
dimensioning draft. There is a variant that automatically creates dimensions for the
active layer and a manual tool for a single wall. The condition is that there are walls
to be dimensioned on the active layer.
8.7.1 Options and comments for automatic dimensions
In addition to the usual setting options, the dimensioning draft dialog contains
another property page on which you can define the distance between the inner
dimension and the side of the building as well as the distances between the
dimension lines created.
A maximum of four dimension lines are created, which you can define in the dialog.
• Dimension for building side: the overall dimension of the building

• Exterior wall dimensions: if there is an offset in the facade
• Interior wall dimensions: a dimension line that includes the interior walls adjoining
the exterior walls
Page 207
General Functions
• Dimensions with windows and doors
When generating the automatic dimensioning draft, the current floor plan is analyzed
and the required dimension lines are generated depending on the floor plan layout.
Regardless of the settings in our dialog, it can happen that you do not receive the four
activated dimension lines, but only those that make sense. If there are no windows
and doors on one side of the building and no offset in the facade, the software
creates, for example, only two dimension lines instead of the predefined four.
Page 208
General Functions
Dimensioning drafts are only generated for 2D plan views, not in section and
elevation views.
The dimensioning draft exists as one unit for each side of the building and as an
independent object type. They also have their own visibility and selection settings.
8.7.2 Automatic dimensioning draft for the active layer
After starting the tool, the dialog with options appears automatically if there are
elements to be dimensioned in the currently active layer.
In this dialog you can specify the distances and, if necessary, the dimension lines to
be created. When you close the dialog with OK, the dimension lines are inserted.
8.7.3 Automatic dimensioning draft for a single wall
To create a dimensioning draft for a single wall, you first need to choose a wall side.
After starting the tool, move the mouse cursor over one side of a wall. As soon as the
software recognizes a wall side under your cursor, the wall side is highlighted in red.
Page 209
General Functions
Select the wall side with a left mouse click and then move the cursor to the point
where the automatic dimensioning should be inserted. So usually away from the
building. At this point you will only see a cursor consisting of a single dimension
line. This line shows the position of the innermost dimension line, i.e. the distance to
the side of the building, which is defined with another left mouse click.
The tool then expects the selection of further walls and may have to be terminated
with ESC or via the context menu.
8.7.4 Separate automatic dimensions into individual dimension lines
Automatic dimensioning drafts exist as a common element on each side of the

building and are therefore independent objects you can only select and edit in their
entirety.
Since not every automatic dimensioning proposal always delivers the desired result,
it may be necessary to split up the unit into individual parts in order to delete
individual dimension lines as with normal dimensions, to reposition them, or to insert
a dimension line that was created manually instead.
In such cases, you can simply separate the selected draft into its individual parts
using the context menu.
Page 210
General Functions
Text
This process is irreversible.
8.7.5 Transfer properties of automatic dimensions
As for almost all other elements, you can transfer properties of an automatic
dimensioning draft to all other elements of this type in your project. If you change
the text size for example, you do not have to manually adjust all other dimensions.
Simply change the properties of one dimensioning draft and then select it in your
floor plan. Use the context menu to open the Transfer Properties dialog. In this case,
the dialog lists all properties of normal dimensions and also those that only apply to
automatic dimensions.
8.8 TEXT
To enter text, begin by defining with the mouse the position for the text in the plan,
relative to the top left-hand corner. A dialog to input the text is then opened.
Here you have the possibility to load and save text files, or to enter and format your
own text. Formatting functions always apply to the total content of the input area.
Page 211
General Functions
Text
Apart from the frequently used text properties, the ‘Text properties’ dialog also has
certain special features.
A line break can be created with the button or with the key combination
‘Ctrl+Enter’.
Also, an angle can be specified for the complete text block. However, the change is
only shown in the views after the dialog has been terminated with ‘OK’.
8.8.1 Autotext
Autotext provides placeholders for values which change from project to project, such
as project name, name of planner, etc. The placeholder is selected over the tree
structure, which is opened with the arrow to the right of the ‘Autotext’ button.
Autotext is input in two steps. First, select the placeholder and then, when the cursor
is positioned at the appropriate place in the text, click on the ‘Autotext’ button.
The autotext placeholders provided, are derived from the properties of the views,
such as name and scale, and the project properties such as names, addresses and
remarks, for the planned building, the planner and the owner. In order for them to be
distinguishable from normal text, placeholders are defined with square brackets and a
$ sign. Changes to a placeholder, for example deleting a bracket by mistake, can
mean it is no longer recognized as such and is displayed as normal text in the plan.
As soon as you insert a placeholder, it is immediately set to a value from the current
project or view and is substituted in the actual text. For instance, if the name of the
current project is ‘New Project 1’, then this appears instead of [$DocumentName].
Using the autotext feature and the save text function, you can create text blocks for
use in future projects, without having to change project related values manually.
Using 2D symbols and the graphic functions, other applications, such as titles and
legends, are also possible.
Page 212
General Functions
Item text
8.9 ITEM TEXT
To create an item text for an element, first select this function using the text type
button.
Then position the mouse cursor in a 2D view over the element for which the item
text is to be created. A left mouse-click now selects the element and at the same
times defines the position of the line connecting the text to the element. If the
element can be uniquely identified, for example a support, the text is immediately
positioned. If several elements overlap, for instance a window in a wall, a context
menu is provided over which the desired element can be selected. The text is
positioned only after an element has been selected.
Page 213
General Functions
Item text
All properties of an item text, such as the content and style of the text, can be
changed if necessary in the dialog, which is activated by a double-click on the item
text or over the properties context menu available for a selected item text.
Page 214
General Functions
Item text
8.9.1 Automatic item texts
Automatic item texts are used where you want to establish a connection between
your drawings and the numbering of building elements in our quantities plugin.
The identification with numbers and description corresponds exactly to that which is
also displayed in the tree of our quantities on the right side of the software. This
numbering is unique for the project.
So if you need drawings in which you can see in your floor plan which wall is meant
by "Wall 1" and where it is, you can simply generate the automatic item texts. Text
can also mean the representation of only the number.
8.9.2 Creating automatic item texts
Create automatic item texts using the TEXT button on our 2D & Layout ribbon.
Page 215
General Functions
Item text
After the start, the Item Text dialog appears automatically with the selection of layers
for which the texts are to be generated as well as the selection of the elements, walls,
windows and window constructions.
In our "Display" area, choose from the predefined text types and the shown content,
ie whether only the number, only the description, ie "Wall" or both should be
displayed, ie "Wall 1".
Below you find the text, line and fill properties, with which you can also highlight
your item texts in different colours
Page 216
General Functions
Item text
The item texts only relate to the current planning status and are therefore not updated
if you enter additional walls or windows. In such cases, just start the item text
process again.
The software automatically recognizes which elements already have this
identification and retains their position. Only elements that have not yet been created
receive a new item text. However, the 2D representations are overwritten and must
first be redefined in the dialog so that no item texts with different contents and
different representations arise at this point.
8.9.3 Editing automatic item texts
You can select individual item texts and change their 2D representation properties.
8.9.4 Transferring properties of automatic item texts
As for almost all other elements, you can transfer changed properties of an automatic
item text to all other elements of this type in your project. If you change the text size
for example, you do not have to adjust all other texts manually.
Simply change the properties of one item text and then select it in your floor plan.
Use the context menu to open the Transfer Properties dialog and then choose to
which layers these changes are to be transferred.
Page 217
General Functions
Item text
8.9.5 Visibilities of automatic item texts
Automatic item texts have their own visibilities, to be found in the "2D graphic
elements" category, where the normal texts are.
Page 218
General Functions
Item text
8.9.6 Hiding item texts for individual walls
It can happen that individual walls should not receive an automatic item text for
reasons of clarity, e.g. short walls that are close to one another.
You can specifically hide an item text in the properties dialog of a wall.
Page 219
General Functions
2D Symbols
8.10 2D SYMBOLS
In 2D views you can use and create 2D symbols in our own format (*.cys). Existing
symbols can be selected from the 2D category of the catalog and placed in the
view using drag and drop.
You can produce and save your own 2D symbols by selecting the desired contents in
a 2D view, either with multiple selection by holding down the shift key, or with a
selection rectangle. Over the context menu, opened with a right mouse click, you can
save your selection with a click on ‘Save selected objects as 2D-symbol’.
Page 220
General Functions
2D Symbols
The dialog ‘Save 2D graphic file as’ is opened with the default path
‘Installation\Graphics2D’ and a file name is requested. The symbols in the
‘Graphics2D’ directory are automatically shown in the catalog and can be used
directly.
When 2D symbols that are contained in the plan are selected, they can be resolved
into their 2D graphic elements using the context menu. They then no longer exist as
Symbols, but as the individual elements from which they were created. This allows
existing symbols to be dismantled, changed and then saved as a new symbol in the
users catalog for further usage.
Page 221
General Functions
Title Blocks, Autotext in 2D Symbols
8.11 TITLE BLOCKS, AUTOTEXT IN 2D SYMBOLS

Title blocks and other mixed forms of graphic elements, text and autotext can be
created freely and as required. To do this, open a project and draw a frame or lines
using the functions of the 2D graphic plug-in. Then enter as you wish, text and
autotext in the boxes drawn. When the title block is complete, select all elements
with a rectangle, and save it over the context menu as a 2D symbol in the catalog. In
order to assist you at the start, we have prepared several examples, both in the form
of projects in the directory called ‘Projects’, and as finished symbols in the catalog of
2D symbols in the ‘Title blocks’ directory. In the preview of the 2D symbol you can
see how the different types of text have been combined.
Page 222
General Functions
Printing
8.12 PRINTING
A click on the ‘Print’ button or the ‘Print’ menu, first opens the ‘Page setup’ dialog,
over which the printer, format and page margins can be specified. The margins are
settings which restrict the printable area on a page, in addition to the non-printable
area for your printer.
Page 223
General Functions
Printing
After the dialog has been terminated with ‘OK’, the printable area is attached to the
cursor in the form of a page with the specified values, and can be positioned in the
active view, whereby the reference point can be changed with ‘Ctrl+w’. The printing
process always refers to the view that was active at the start of the process.
Page 224
General Functions
Printing
The need to position the area to be printed does not apply if all visible elements in
the view fit to scale on the page. In this case, the print preview is opened directly.
Note: the software creates an environment layer for each project, with a plot size of
100 x 100 m, which is visible by default in 2D plan views. With a scale of 1:100, a
paper format greater than 1 x 1 m would be needed, in order to avoid having to
position the area to be printed. Therefore if necessary, first set the plot to invisible.
If you wish to print the complete contents of the view, without regard to scale, you
can skip setting the printable area with ‘Esc’, over ‘Cancel with’ in the context menu,
or with ‘Enter’. In this case, the print preview is also opened immediately.
Page 225
General Functions
Groups
8.13 GROUPS
If more than one element is selected, a button is provided in the toolbar with which to
form a group. Grouped elements are always selected and edited, e.g. positioned,
collectively. A double click on the grouped elements opens the multiple selection
dialog.
When grouped elements are selected, a click on the button revokes the grouping.
8.14 DISPLAY PRIORITY
Basically, the order in which elements are inserted also determines the order in
which they are displayed in your software. For instance a filled rectangle which is
drawn over text that was inserted previously, will cover the text, which is then no
longer visible. This default can be changed subsequently with the
button for display priority, which is always shown in the toolbar when an element is
selected. This enables you to specify the order in which elements are displayed to
meet the particular requirements, e.g. inserting text over a filled rectangle when
creating a title block.
8.15 NORTH ARROW AND ORIGIN
In order to process the North Arrow the ‘environment layer’, in which it is defined,
must first be activated in the project viewer.
Page 226
General Functions
Transfer properties
The North Arrow can be set as invisible in each view over ‘Visibilities’. The same
applies to the origin of the project, which however can not be repositioned.
8.16 TRANSFER PROPERTIES
The properties of a selected element can be copied to elements of the same type. The
assistent to do this is opened with the button or over the context menu activated
with a right mouse click, when an element has been selected in the plan.
Copying properties is performed in two steps. First the properties which are to be
copied are selected, and the then the target objects.
Each element defines itself whether it has properties which can be copied, and if so
which ones. If there are no properties provided for the selected element, the message
‘The selected object has no properties which can be copied’ appears and the process
is terminated.
8.16.1 Selecting Properties
Since each element defines itself which of its properties can be copied, the content of
the ‘Select Properties’ dialog varies. The following illustration shows the properties
of a window.
Page 227
General Functions
Transfer properties
By default all properties are activated. If you wish make a more precise selection you
can make use of the usual characteristics of the tree structure. If you wish to copy
only the object file, deactivate first the topmost entry ‘All Properties’, and then
subsequently activate only the object file. This way you need only two mouse clicks
to select the desired properties, and all other properties do not have to be deactivated
individually.
With the ‘Continue’ button you can proceed to the next step.
8.16.2 Selecting target Objects.
The choice of objects which are to receive the selected properties, is performed either
with reference to one or more layers, or by selecting an individual object manually, if
this option is activated, over the ‘Manual target selection’ button.
Page 228
General Functions
Transfer properties
8.16.3 Selecting Objects manually
A click on the ‘by target selection’ button first closes the ‘Select target Objects’
dialog, in order to show the plan again and to allow access to the individual objects.
The objects are then selected with a mouse click. ‘Target objects’ are highlighted in
green in all views. A further mouse click on a selected object revokes its selection.
Manual selection must be terminated with ‘Enter’. The previous dialog ‘Select target
objects’ then reappears. The process is terminated with the ‘Finish’ button and the
properties are copied
Page 229
Plug-in Building Components
Walls
9 PLUG-IN BUILDING COMPONENTS
9.1 WALLS
9.1.1 Wall Types
The software offers six predefined types of wall, which can be selected for insertion
with the respective button.
Basically, walls only differ in the properties assigned to them, generally the
thickness. By default, the following values are defined for the thickness of walls:
 External wall: 36.5 cm
 Supporting wall (interior): 17.5 cm
 Non Supporting wall (interior: 11.5 cm
 Lightweight wall: 10 cm
 Partition wall: 10 cm
 Room boundary (without a thickness)
9.1.2 Insertion Modes
There are different ways to insert walls:

Multiple insertion between two points: The input forms a polygon, whereby the
end point of one wall represents the start point for the next wall. The tool also allows
multiple insertion of individual walls without having to restart it. After creating a
wall over a start and end point, you can return with ‘Esc’ to enter a new start point,
which does not necessarily have to coincide with the end point of the last wall. Only
when ‘Esc’ is pressed twice is the tool finally terminated.
Insertion between two points: Creates a single wall using a start and end point:
Page 230
Walls
Insertion of a parallel wall: Creates a wall parallel to the face of an existing wall,
which must first be selected.
You can create other walls, which differ from the standard types, if you change the
properties over the context menu opened with a right mouse click, before the wall is
inserted. This saves having to edit the individual elements later.
9.1.3 Numeric input variants for walls
First of all, while you are inserting walls, dimensions are shown in parallel.
Depending on how you work, these dimensions provide the exact length in our
standard polygonal input tool, e.g. when you are working on grid dimensions.
However, if this is not the case our new numeric input variant is used.
In our new numeric input tool, the real time dimensions are also shown, but more for
your orientation. The actual length is only specified with the second mouse click,
which so far has always inserted the wall directly you’re your project. Now, a dialog
appears in which you set the length and, if necessary, the angle and complete the step
directly with ENTER. Mistakes by unintentional movements with your mouse are
impossible. And you can, but don't have to, click the button with the mouse or just
work with your keyboard Enter key.
The dimension always refers to the currently active wall side, which you define with
the key combination CTRL + W while inserting. As a reminder, the dialog contains
the most important tips for inserting walls such as CTRL + W, holding down the
CTRL key to activate the angle grid and ESC to end the input.
The following screenshot shows such a scenario after the second mouse click:
Page 231
Walls
9.1.4 Adjusting a wall length numerically
If you select an existing wall, two dimensions and two “buttons” +/- with which you
receive an input dialog for specifying an exact length appear. Changing a wall length
always applies to the input direction of the wall and is marked by an arrow at the end
of the wall.
The previous tool with the V key or via the corresponding tool on our edit wall menu
is still available as an alternative and can also be started by clicking on the end of the
wall.
Page 232
Walls
9.1.5 Changing the direction of walls via context menu
As already mentioned, the numerical lengthening or shortening of walls always

applies in the direction in which the wall has been inserted. If necessary, you can still
change this input direction via the Edit wall menu or, and this is new, via the context
menu of the right mouse button.
Page 233
Moving and positioning walls numerically
9.2 MOVING AND POSITIONING WALLS NUMERICALLY
If you select a wall, version 10 already gave you dimension lines with a button for
numerically lengthening or shortening the selected wall. Now the wall also shows a
button as a double arrow on its axis.
This button works alternately in the direction of the active arrow. If you click on the
button, the dimensions for entering the length will be hidden and dimensions in the
direction of the green arrow will appear instead.
Depending on the current constellation of the floor plan, there can also be several
dimensions if they meet other walls with different distances in the selected direction.
Page 234
In this editing mode, you can change the direction by clicking on the respective part
of the double arrow.
A second click on the same part of the double arrow or on another part of the wall
hides the moving dimensions and shows the usual dimension lines for the lengths
again.
9.2.1 Moving not exactly vertical or horizontal walls
If you do not work directly on the grid when inserting the walls or without the
internal angle grid while keeping the CTRL key pressed, it can easily happen that
walls are inserted slightly out of the vertical or horizontal direction.
The new function takes the orientation of the wall into account and if this vertical or
horizontal deviation is at an angle of less than 3 degrees, you will receive a dialog
informing you of this when you click on the numerical button. And at the same time
offers the possibility of aligning the wall before moving it.
Page 235
It is also important to mention that the displayed distance does not refer to the point
at which the dimension line is displayed, but to the point at which the wall is
intersected with another.
An example to illustrate the position:
9.2.2 Notes on changing the wall situation
If a wall is moved, shortened or lengthened, other walls in the floor plan are not
automatically changed, including adjacent walls. It is therefore possible that the
connections between the walls are lost as a result of the changes or that walls initially
overlap.
As a result, the room situation may also change, i.e. rooms can be lost or new ones
can be created.
In general, rooms should only be edited, i.e. rooms should only be given names,
when the work on the floor plan has been completed.
To rework the wall situation after moving or extending a wall, use the "Edit Walls"
tools on the Edit Ribbon, or even easier by starting the lengthening tool by pressing
the V key and then adjusting the walls one by one .
Page 236
9.2.3 Input Aids
As with all elements, construction aids are available at any time over the context
menu.
Tips for each tool and the current insertion values, such as length of the wall, are
shown in the status bar. Using this information together with ‘Crl+w’ to change the
reference points of elements, and aided by the grid or other construction aids, you
can for example define exact values for the interior or exterior measurements of the
contour of the building.
9.2.4 Wall Properties
Walls are by default as high as the floor of the building in which they are inserted. A
different value can be specified in the ‘Dimensions’ part of the dialog.
Each wall has a default value for the depth of the ceiling support, that is used when
creating ceilings automatically with the exterior contours of the building. The depth
of the ceiling support can be manually specified for each wall, or be made dependant
on the structure of the wall. With the option for ‘use layer construction’, the ceiling is
generated such that it completely rests on the layer of the wall marked as load-
bearing. To generate the ceiling support for multi-layered walls, the thickness of all
layers up to the top load-bearing layer are added from bottom to top, in the order
defined in the ‘Layer construction’ dialog.
Page 237
9.2.5 Layer construction / Multi-layer walls
When walls are being inserted, the top layer is always created on the right in the
direction of insertion. For walls which do not form or change the contour of a
building, the user must therefore decide by the direction of input, on which side the
layers should be shown.
If a wall consists of multiple layers, the software proceeds from bottom to top for the
layers defined in the ‘layer construction’ dialog. The top layer is therefore treated as
the outside layer of the wall or building. When walls are being inserted, it is not
always known in advance whether the individual walls, which create a polygon, form
the exterior contour of the building when input is completed, if this is the case, the
order of the layers is reversed automatically if necessary.
Example: In the following illustration we see a room and to the right of it a further
room, which is being inserted as a polygon and which will be completed with the
next mouse-click. Both rooms were created in a clockwise direction, therefore we see
on the right that the insulation is on the ‘inside’, i.e. on the right in the direction of
input. For the room on the left the insulation is on the ‘outside’, because if it formed
its own exterior contour and the order of the layers in the walls was reversed when
the room was completed. The same will happen for the room on the right as soon as
input is completed.
Page 238
9.2.6 Edit walls
9.2.6.1 Extend / shorten walls
While the tool is active you can move the cursor in the plan. As soon as a wall is
located under the cursor it is outlined in green. The direction in which the wall will
be extended depends on the position of the cursor in relation to the midpoint of the
wall, and changes if you move the cursor along the wall. With a left mouse click you
can now begin to lengthen or also shorten the wall. The current length is shown in
the preview in 2D and 3D.
The tool remains active until it is terminated with ESC, so that several walls can be
processed in succession.
9.2.6.2 Trim walls
With this tool only adjoining walls can be trimmed. Firstly move the cursor to the
wall to be lengthened or shortened and activate the function with a left mouse click
as soon as the wall is outlined in green. Next select the second wall, again by
positioning the cursor over it. As soon as a second wall is detected the length of the
first wall is shown in the preview, and thus signalises that the process can be
completed with a left mouse click. The tool remains active until it is terminated with
ESC, so that several walls can be processed in succession.
9.2.6.3 Change wall direction
Changing the direction of a wall can be of interest for walls with a layered structure.
As described in the chapter ‘Walls’ the representation of the structure of exterior
walls depends on the order in which the layers are defined, and of interior walls on
Page 239
their orientation when being inserted. With the tool ‘Wall orientation’ the orientation
of the wall can be subsequently reversed.
The following illustration shows on the left two walls which were inserted with the
same orientation, the right-hand wall is selected and already outlined in green. The
arrow shows the new orientation. The process is completed with a left mouse-click.
The result is shown on the right.
9.2.6.4 Split walls
In some cases it is more effective to split a wall and then delete parts of it, rather than
deleting the complete wall and inserting a new one.
While the tool is active walls are outlined in green as soon as the cursor is positioned
over them. A line in the 2D and a plane in the 3D preview mark the point at which
the wall will be split to create two walls instead of one.
Page 240
Wizards for editing and modifying walls
9.3 WIZARDS FOR EDITING AND MODIFYING WALLS

In our editing tools for walls we added wizards for the following tasks:
 Changing 2D representation of walls. This function only changes the 2D fill

properties of existing walls, not the layer structure itself
 Transferring wall layers: transfers the layer structure of one wall to others
 Changing wall layers: changes the layer structure of multiple walls
Page 241
9.3.1 Changing 2D representation of walls
When you start the function, the following dialog appears in step 1. With the analysis
region you determine the evaluation area. This refers both to the list of walls on the
left side of the dialog and to the region to which the changed wall properties are
transferred.
In our example, the "Current layer" option is active. All walls located on the active
layer are listed.
The software compares all walls based on their properties in terms of thickness, layer
structure and the currently set 2D properties and lists the walls with different
properties separately. Two exterior walls with the same layer construction and
colour, but one 25 cm thick and one 24 cm, are shown as two different walls.
On the right side you find a larger preview of the selected wall type and the wall
layers listed above. Next of each layer is a "Change 2D representation" button. This
button opens our standard dialog for editing 2D fill properties.
Page 242
Note: depending on the functionality of your version, fewer options may be offered
here.
Change the 2D representation as desired and close the Fill Properties dialog. The
appearance of the wall is immediately updated in our preview and the wall list,
correctly only for the previously selected wall type.
Page 243
At the bottom you find a button "Transfer to walls with identical layer structure".
With this function you could transfer the representation to all other walls, but only if
they have a single wall layer and no matter what thickness and 2D representation
they are currently using. So you don't need to click through all walls individually if
you want all walls to look the same.
The list of walls would then look like this in our example. All walls with only one
layer would be red.
In a second step, you get a preview before the changes are transferred to the project.
As in 2D views, you can also zoom and scroll within the preview if a more detailed
view on the floor plan is required.
Page 244
For walls with multiple layers you get a list of the layers and the option to change the
2D representation for each.
Page 245
Note: changes made in the wizard cannot be undone once they have been transferred
to the project, at least not via Undo. If you do not like the new wall representation,
you would have to go through the wizard again if necessary.
9.3.2 Transferring the layer structure of a wall to other walls
There are two variants of this function, which differ only in the process. With the
variant via our Edit menu, the process uses a wizard with two dialog pages, when
calling up the function from the context menu of a selected wall in just one dialog.
The reason is that the source wall is already known when it is called up via the
context menu and the source wall must first be determined in the dialog via the
menu.
Note: the layer structure also determines the thickness of the wall and changes of the
thickness affects, among other things, the positions of the walls in relation to others
and the automatic wall intersection and room formation. It can therefore happen that
in the event of deviations, existing rooms are not recreated and the situation of the
walls may have to be reworked. See also the Floor Plan Analysis feature. Either way,
it makes sense to save the project before making such changes in order to be able to
return to the initial situation if necessary. Once the wall layers have been transferred,
it is not possible to undo the changes, e.g. via Undo.
Page 246
9.3.2.1 Transferring the layer structure via the Edit menu
Start the function via "Edit walls" on the EDIT ribbon.
It follows step 1 in which you can define the analysis area if required, and select the
starting wall from the list of existing wall types, the layer structure which will then
be transferred.
In step 2 you select the type of target wall, i.e. the walls to which the new layer
structure is to be transferred. On the right you can see the list of layers and a preview.
Page 247
In the Alignment area, you specify which side of the wall the changes should be
applied to. If the thickness of the starting wall and the target wall are identical, on
axis should be selected here.
If there is a deviation in the thickness, you can define for exterior walls whether the
exterior or interior wall side should be retained.
The definition of outside or inside does not apply to interior walls. The software
analyses the wall sides and determines whether a side belongs to a room or not. So
no room would be the identifier for an exterior wall. Since interior walls usually only
have wall sides that belong to rooms, this distinction does not apply. So the best
option for alignment would be on axis, i.e. the inner wall would be thicker or thinner
in either direction. The distances between the inner walls would then have to be
adjusted using the standard wall editing tools
9.3.2.2 Transferring a layer structure via the context menu
If you have already selected the initial wall in your floor plan, you can start the
function from your context menu.
Page 248
As already mentioned, there is no need to specify the starting wall and you will see
the following dialog for selecting the target wall and orientation. Please note the
information from the previous chapters.
Page 249
9.3.3 Changing the layer structure of walls, e.g. adding insulation
If you want to change the layer structure of multiple walls, the Change Wall Layers
wizard, started from the Edit Walls menu on the EDIT ribbon, is an option with
certain benefits.
Once started, you first get dialog for selecting the walls whose layer structure is to be
changed.
Page 250
On the right side you have the possibility to determine one of these layers as fixed in
their position with the checkbox fix / keep.
In the second step, as in our standard wall dialog, you can change the layer structure
by adding layers, changing the display by clicking on the material button, etc. You
also have the option of loading an existing layer structure. But that only makes sense
in this example if it also contains the fixed wall layer with the same properties.
In addition to the other methods for transferring layer structures, the wizard offers a
significant advantage.
An example:
 As you can see in the dialogs, you may have recorded the current status of
your building and its walls in your project.
 In a second step, e.g. in a copy for your renovation project, you want to apply
one or more layers to the outer wall, in the example a layer with insulation 16
cm thick, the former insulating plaster is omitted and an additional plaster
layer of 2 cm can also be applied outside
 What is and must remain unchanged is the original lightweight block of 2,7
cm. You don't want to rebuild or move walls in reality
Page 251
Floor plan analysis and repair functions
 In our other methods, you could only make the changes related to the inside
or outside or to the axis
 However, the lightweight layer should serve as a starting point and the other
layers should be added to the outside and inside
 You can achieve this by fixing the masonry layer and using the Keep selected
layer option
9.4 FLOOR PLAN ANALYSIS AND REPAIR FUNCTIONS
To start the floor plan analysis, the software needs an active 2D view with an active
layer that contains at least walls for the preview. If this is not the case, you will
receive the following message and can first activate such a view or layer.
Page 252
In our floor plan analysis dialog, only the active floor and walls on it are shown and
possible problems are highlighted in different colours.
Note: within the preview you can zoom and scroll with our standard 2D view
functions.
The floor plan analysis tries to identify possible problems by type with different
colours. You can change the colours by clicking on the coloured box if that helps.
By clicking on the assigned buttons the program attempts to correct the respective
problem. The deviating walls are at the top and if there are any, you should start with
them. Aligning deviating walls could create subsequent problems, such as gaps at
wall intersections.
Page 253
With each action, the floor plan analysis not only changes the preview, but also the
walls in the project itself. The analysis is then automatically repeated and the
preview updated. Ideally, the marked problems will gradually disappear.
Note: the changes to the project itself cannot be reversed, even if you exit the dialog
with Cancel.
9.4.1 Some examples for highlighted wall problems
Below are some examples of wall situations that should be identified and fixed in our
floor plan analysis dialog.
9.4.1.1 Walls too short
As you can see in the screenshot there is a small gap between the inner and the
exterior wall.
This means that the walls are not intersected and no room is created. In order to see
this in a 2D floor plan, you have to zoom in very closely and sometimes also switch
off the line widths using the button in our top toolbar.
Page 254
9.4.1.2 Walls too long
When inserting walls, you don't have to hit the edge of another wall directly to
trigger the automatic wall intersection. If you put the second point anywhere on the
wall, that's fine.
However, it is unfavorable if you pull a wall over a crossing one and place the end of
the wall on the opposite side of the wall.
In such a case additional wall segments are created from the front of the crossing
wall and these unwanted segments may be taken into account when creating the
room and, depending on the room contour, lead to problems.
You can best see such situations when you select a wall and the wall in a 3D view
completely penetrates another and the end becomes visible on the opposite side. As
shown in the figure below.
9.4.1.3 Overlapping walls
Here you see a corner situation in which one wall protrudes slightly over the other.
Even such situations, if not deliberately created, are unfavorable and can lead to
various effects, e.g. when calculating the automatic ceilings or when determining the
building contour in order to create an opening in our terrain.
Page 255
Timber Construction for Walls, Stud walls
9.5 TIMBER CONSTRUCTION FOR WALLS, STUD WALLS

From version 8, the software supports the planning of walls in timber frame
construction. This feature is not included in all versions, but may also be part of an
additional plug-in. If in doubt, please ask your distributor.
In handling there are basically two different ways:
A) You already know at the beginning of the project that the walls should be
executed in timber frame construction. In this case activate the options in the
extended wall dialog during or before you enter the walls. Just as before, when you
set the properties of your walls before inserting.
B) You plan the project with "normal" walls or receive such a planned project from
customers and add the timbers for the project only later. So you do not have to touch
each wall individually, you are assisted by the wizard, which fills the entire project
or selectable areas and wall types automatically.
Note: the function always analyses the whole wall and its connections as well as the
contour of the walls under roofs. You should make sure that your walls do not
consist of single wall segments. This would result in a meaningless distribution of
the wood in the individual wall parts.
9.5.1 Extended wall dialog for timber construction
If you have a version with the timber frame construction functions, the wall dialog is
automatically extended by an additional property page.
Page 256
On this page you will find an active sketch in which you can also perform certain
actions with the mouse, as well as all the properties required to produce the timber
elements.
9.5.2 General Settings
On the tab page "General" activate the timber construction via the checkbox. In
addition, you specify the grid spacing for the distances between the studs.
Internally, we fill the walls with a grid consisting of fields that may also have
individual properties. The grid spacing is the width of a grid field. At the end of each
field a stud is created.
If your wall consists of several layers, you must determine in the lower part of the
dialog in which layer the timber construction is created. If there is only one wall
layer, this area remains deactivated and the timbers are created on the wall axis.
Note: it is generally not checked if the thickness of the timber elements fit in the wall
layer or the walls. But you can immediately see that in your planning views when the
elements stick out of the wall. So you have to make sure that the thickness matches
the walls, or you may have to make the walls a bit thicker.
Page 257
9.5.3 The Timber Construction Sketch / Preview
In the sketch, you can zoom and scroll as in normal 2D views, so you zoom with the
mouse wheel to the cursor position, for example, if you want to see a specific
dimension. Or you scroll with the SHIFT key and mouse wheel. If necessary, you
can return to the starting position by pressing the HOME key or by left-clicking on
an empty area of the sketch.
You can also select fields, openings, wall connections or timber elements and then
change their properties in the options shown below.
The sketch itself shows openings, the timber elements as well as the wall
connections.
The wall connections are symbolized by green lines and a triangle at the bottom.
These are the places where other walls intersect with the shown wall.
Using the green triangles, you can select the wall connection segments of the grid
and change the execution of the connection.
Selected elements in the sketch are outlined in red, in the following illustration the
selected window opening on the left.
Page 258
9.5.4 Timber Properties
You can set the dimensions of the woods on the "Dimensions" tab page. However,
these settings apply equally to all elements in the wall, even if you can obviously
select a single stud in the sketch.
Page 259
9.5.5 Field Properties / Grid Dimensions
As a general rule, the walls are evenly filled with studs in the set grid size. However,
there may be cases where individual fields must deviate from it.
You can therefore select individual fields and assign a width deviating from the grid
width to a field. The rest of the fields react to it and adapt, in the input direction of
the wall.
This does not apply to fields of a special type, like openings.
Page 260
9.5.6 Visibility of Timber Elements in standard views
The category timber frame construction allows you to set the visibility in the views
in detail. In 2D top views the display is deactivated by default.
Page 261
9.5.7 The Timber Construction Wizard
With the help of the wizard, you can fill walls of selectable type and in selectable
areas with timber construction elements.
The wizard should make work easier in cases where you did not activate the
functions per wall from the beginning or get a project from a customer that was only
planned with standard walls.
There is a wizard variant for creating timber construction and one to remove it.
If you had created a construction with wrong settings, you would otherwise have to
work on each wall individually. With the function „Remove construction” you delete
all automatically generated timber elements in one operation and create a new one
with other parameters.
The wizard consists oft wo steps.
Page 262
9.5.7.1 Step 1, select walls and region
Here you determine in which buildings or floors the wizard should create the timber
construction.
In addition, you will get a list of walls. It is analyzed in detail whether the walls are
really identical according to type and layer structure. So it may be that you get
offered several external walls, because they have different layer structures or
properties. Separated for each wall type, you still have to specify the layer in which
the timber elements are to be produced.
You can go through the wizard several times if necessary and create the elements
step by step for each floor for example.
In this case, you would have to switch the current active floor in the planning
software in between.
9.5.7.2 Step 2, Grid dimensions and Timber properties
As already mentioned, the settings made here apply to all walls in the previously
selected region.
Page 263
9.5.8 Example: 3D Visualisation Timber Construction
From the example project. Effort to create a timber construction with our wizard for
the current floor about 10 seconds.
Page 264
9.5.9 Inserting additional beams in walls with timber construction
It may be necessary to add beams in walls with automatically created timber

construction.
There is the additional beam function in three versions, for horizontal, vertical and
diagonal elements. The element itself is inserted in a wall elevation view.
There are two steps behind each variant.
- You must first create a wall elevation view. But only once per wall, even if you
want to enter several individual additional beams.
- You can then enter additional beams in this view type.
After inserting additional beams you should delete the wall elevation view.
9.5.9.1 Additional beams, create wall elevation view
Start creating a wall elevation view via the corresponding button. Next you have to
choose a wall in your floor plan. Move the mouse over the desired wall. As soon as
the software recognizes a wall at this position, it is highlighted in green.
Page 265
A left mouse click automatically creates a wall elevation view
9.5.9.2 Inserting beams in a wall elevation view
In the elevation view you can now add beams. Start the appropriate input tool and
activate the wall by pointing the mouse over one of the shown timber elements. With
a left mouse click, the software identifies the wall layer in which the shown elements
are located and you can directly draw your own beams.
Depending on the input type, horizontal for example, the allowed mouse cursor
direction is restricted, simply to allow you to draw a horizontal elements without
moving out of direction.
Page 266
9.5.10 Timber Construction, Export of reports as PDF etc.
The timber construction functions also include the export of reports via the familiar
menu.
The generated list contains a table with information on the planned timbers and a
sketch that corresponds to the representation in the wall dialog.
Page 267
Supports
9.6 SUPPORTS
Supports can have a round or rectangular profile. Both forms can be positioned freely
with a mouse click. The dimensions, the representation of the outline and the
building material with its characteristics, can be specified in the ‘Properties’ dialog.
Supports assume by default automatically the height of floor of the building and the
level of the layer in which they are being inserted.
Page 268
Ceilings
9.7 CEILINGS
In 2D plan views and 3D views ceilings are set as invisible by default, in order to be
able to see into the rooms in the 3D views. If you therefore wish to see or edit
ceilings, activate the ‘Visibilities’ dialog for the view and check the box for ceilings
in the construction elements category.
9.7.1 Automatic Ceilings
For each floor of the building the software automatically creates a ceiling over the
first exterior contour of connected rooms. In the example shown, the software
proceeds as follows:
 Room 1 and Room 2 together form a contour, therefore an automatic ceiling
is generated for them.
 Room 3 was input later and is not connected to the first contour, therefore it
has no ceiling. So if a ceiling is required here, it must be inserted manually.
 The ceilings are visible in the 3D view with textures.
 In the bottom two 3D views the presence of a ceiling can be recognized by
the top edge of the walls. The recesses in the top of the walls are caused by
the ceiling which they support, and can be specified for each wall in its
properties dialog.
Page 269
Ceilings
9.7.2 Deactivating Automatic Ceilings
In some cases automatic ceilings are not necessary or desirable. Therefore they can
be deactivated for a floor in the properties dialog of the particular floor, which can be
activated over the project viewer. Additionally, the creation of an automatic ceiling
can be suppressed when a floor is copied.
Page 270
Windows and Doors
9.7.3 Manual Ceilings
In addition to automatic ceilings, ceiling slabs can also be inserted using a rectangle
or polygon. Here it is important to consider the visibility in the corresponding 2D
plan view. If ceilings are not set explicitly as visible in the view, ceiling slabs can be
inserted but the results will not be shown in the view.
9.7.4 Properties of Ceilings
For the possibilities for defining various structural layers please refer to the chapter
titled ‘Layer constructions’ of Building Components’. Apart from representation and
building material, you can only change the height or thickness of ceilings. The
ceiling level/height is the result of the height of the floor of the building minus the
thickness of the ceiling.
9.8 WINDOWS AND DOORS
Windows and doors can be positioned freely in all views . On input, their
reference points can be changed using ‘Ctrl+w’, and of course the construction aids
can also be used. The software automatically recognizes in views / sections the first
visible wall within the depth of the section, and offers the element for insertion here.
In 3D views, the wall in which the window or door is being positioned appears
transparent, to allow a view of the rooms and furnishings behind it.
Page 271
Windows and Doors
9.8.1 Numerical input and positioning of windows and doors
Real time dimension lines also appear when you insert windows and doors into a
wall. They serve as an orientation and not to achieve an exact placement at this stage.
Instead, insert the element roughly at the position where you want it.
Then select the window or door with a left mouse click. Different dimensions appear
depending on your floor plan. These are, for example, the dimensions along the outer
wall, measured from the left and right corner of the window.
In addition, the distances to the next interior walls and to the next opening elements.
There is a "button" +/- on each of the dimension lines with which you can enter
precisely this distance.
Page 272
Windows and Doors
9.8.2 Setting Direction of Opening on Insertion
The direction of opening is indicated by an arrow during insertion in 2D and 3D

views. The direction of opening changes in 3D depending on the side of the wall to
which the cursor is pointed, and in 2D plan views depending on the position of the
cursor in relation to the axis of the wall. In cross-sections the direction of opening
does not change on insertion and is always in the direction of the cutting line.
9.8.3 Changing the Direction of Opening
In all views, if a window or door is selected, the direction of opening can be changed
over the context menu activated with the right mouse button.
Page 273
Windows and Doors
9.8.4 Selecting or Changing Windows and Doors on Insertion
You can position several windows or doors, until input is terminated with ‘Esc’ or
over the context menu. It is therefore recommended that on insertion, or before you
insert the first of several elements, the correct object with the correct properties is
used, to avoid subsequent changes as far as possible. As with other elements, while
the input tool is active the ‘Properties’ dialog can be opened over ‘Properties’ in the
context menu activated with the right mouse-button.
You can select another object from the catalog, change its properties, terminate the
dialog with ‘OK’ and then continue the insertion procedure.
9.8.5 Selecting Windows and Doors from the Catalog
As already mentioned in the chapter ‘Catalog Selection in Dialogs’, 3D objects for

windows and doors can be selected from the appropriate catalog. A double mouse
click selects an object or switches to a sub-directory. The ‘Use object size’ option at
the bottom of the selection window specifies whether the current values for the
dimensions of the opening should be retained, or whether they should be overwritten
by the dimensions of the 3D object. If you accept the values of the 3D object, the size
of the opening is changed, unless the current opening and the 3D object already have
identical values. If instead you retain the values for the current opening, the size of
the object is modified to fit the opening.
Page 274
Windows and Doors
9.8.6 Openings, Hinges
The ‘Mitres’ part of the dialog enables windows and doors to be placed at the
intersection of walls, and to create a corresponding opening there. On the left you see
a window where a mitre is allowed, and on the right where one is not allowed.
The ‘stop’ part of the dialog also changes the settings for the (invisible) 3D body
which surrounds the window and is deducted from the 3D body of the wall. The
results can not only be seen in the 2D views, but also in 3D. In the 3D view the
window objects are set as invisible, so that the stop can be seen.
Page 275
Windows and Doors
9.8.7 Representation in 2D Plan Views
The options for the representation of windows and doors in 2D plan views may differ
in detail, but the basic options are identical. Both objects offer the options
‘Standard’, ‘Wire frame’ and ‘Symbol file’. For the ‘Standard’ option you can
specify, using the properties available together with line- and fill-in styles, the
settings which t uses to draw the alternative representation of the object in the plan.
The ‘Wire frame’ option provides a wire frame representation of the 3D door or
window object, in exactly the same way as for furnishings from the catalog.
If the 3D object has an integrated symbol file available, which can be allocated using
the chunk editor (see chapter ‘Alternative 2D Representation of 3D Objects, Chunk
Type 2D Alternative Representation’), then this file is used with the specified scaling
options.
It should be noted for doors with the representation option set to ‘none’, that you can
no longer select these doors, or see that a door has been selected, in 2D plan views,
since the alternative representation of the object, which is normally highlighted in a
specified colour on selection, is missing.
Page 276
Windows and Doors
9.8.8 Show doors opened in 3D Views
You can now “open” your doors in 3D views. To do this, select the door and choose
"Open door in 3D views ..." from the context menu. Alternatively, find the same
option in the properties dialog of the door.
The context menu then opens a dialog in which you can activate the option and
specify an opening angle. The option is needed to close the door again.
Page 277
Windows and Doors
This feature has often been desired for 3D top views. So far, neither hinge nor
opening direction of the doors were recognizable in such cases. But also for a more
realistic representation of the scenes when wandering through or for 360 degrees
panoramic sequences, in which you move from one room to another and no longer
run through closed doors.
The option always rotates the entire door 3D object and is therefore reasonable for
simple doors only and not for those with two wings or side panels.
9.8.9 2D Representation of Doors, Side Panels, Folding and Sliding Doors
Using the chunk editor, door objects can be allocated additional properties with
regard to their representation when used in planning. This includes the allocation of
user-drawn 2D symbols, the definition of side panels, and properties for the
representation of folding and sliding doors.
Further settings for the representation of side panels can be specified using the ‘Side
panels’ tab in the door dialog.
Page 278
Windows and Doors
The following illustration shows, from left to right, a sliding door, and a front door
with side panels represented by a single line and by a double line with posts.
The predefined alternative representations can be used to change the representation

from a standard door to a sliding or a folding door.
Page 279
Windows and Doors
9.8.10 Window Sills
Windows sills are not derived from 3D objects, but are generated by the program
itself based on values which are specified in the dialog. This is done separately for
exterior and interior sills. In addition to the 3D preview, a drawing shows the profile
of the window sill, so that the effects of the values entered can be checked
immediately.
9.8.11 Door Frames
As with window sills, door frames are also generated as a 3D model with specified
values. For each door leaf object you can create an internally-fitted or closed frame.
Page 280
Window constructions
9.9 WINDOW CONSTRUCTIONS
9.9.1 General
Standard windows have the advantage that they can be entered directly, and since
they are predefined 3D objects, no further details need be specified. On the other
hand, their dimensions can only be altered realistically within certain limits. If the
size of a window selected from the 3D objects is changed, then the object itself,
including all sub-objects, is scaled to reflect the new dimensions. For instance, if a
window measures 1 x 1 m and its frame is 10 cm wide, then if its dimensions are
changed to 2 x 2m the frame is ‘widened’ to 20 cm.
Window constructions avoid this problem, since all component parts are defined
individually and the 3D object for the ‘finished’ window is automatically
reconstructed when any details of the component parts are changed. The ‘Window
construction’ dialog caters for all necessary modifications to windows.
9.9.2 Catalog of Window Constructions
The most common types of window construction required are contained in a catalog,
which can be opened in the ‘Window’ section, and from which a basic window
design can be selected and then modified.
Page 281
The catalog itself can be extended with the aid of a separate plug-in that contains
functions to enable you to design your own windows.
9.9.3 Editing Window Constructions
Window constructions consist of one or more casements. To alter the properties of a

casement, first the casement has to be selected. This can be performed with the
mouse in the dynamic preview with a click on the desired casement, or by selection
from the list in the 'casement' tab.
In the preview the active casement is highlighted in red.
Page 282
Window constructions can contain one or more additional dimensions, which are
shown in the preview. These additional dimensions and the grid dimension can be
changed by clicking on the dimension in the preview, or manually switching to the
'Parameter' tab. In the example shown, the only parameter is for the skylight in the
arched window, as can be seen in the preview. The 'Length' field specifies the value
for the grid dimension, 'Distance' refers to the distance from the window to the
measurement line drawn in the preview, and has no relevance for the construction
itself.
Page 283
In window constructions there are dependencies between the absolute window

dimensions and the additional dimensions and grid dimension. In the example
shown, the absolute height of the window is 1,51m and the height of the
parameterizable skylight is 0,61m. The height of the casements below the skylight is
calculated automatically and is thus set to 90 cm. The height the casements is
automatically recalculated if the absolute height of the window or the height of the
skylight is changed.
An example: You would like to create a version of the existing arched window which
is 2.01 m high and 2 m wide. The overall height of the skylight is to be 81cm, the
height of the arch 41cm. First change the absolute dimensions of the window to the
values given above. The following result should obtained.
Page 284
As a result of the changes the casements have now been enlarged accordingly. Only
the height of the skylight, which is determined by the additional dimension, remains
unchanged. The height of the casements is now automatically 1,40 m. The skylight
can now be altered over the additional dimension by clicking on the dimension in the
preview and changing the 'Length' value to 0,81 m in the 'Parameter' tab .
Page 285
Because of the change made to the additional dimension, the casements are now only
1.20 m high, since the absolute dimensions of the window were left unchanged.
Finally, in the example, the height of the arch has to be adjusted, which can be
performed in the 'Casement' tab in the section 'Additional parameters'.
Page 286
With the aid of the additional dimensions, the examples provided can be modified
and different versions created. A triangular window, for instance, can be changed
from its original form in order to fit into the corner of a gable wall, as in the example
on the right.
Page 287
9.9.4 Modifying Profiles
Any window construction can contain one or more profiles, which determine the
dimensions of the window frame or the casements' frames. Profiles can be selected in
the tab of the same name.
Each profile contains values for width and depth, with which frames and frame
components can be modified.
Page 288
9.9.5 Bars for Window Constructions
The subject 'Bars' can be divided basically into two areas.:

 Creating and saving bars and bar arrangements
 Allocating and using bars
Bars are always allocated to a casement. The allocation is performed in a selected

casement over the context menu activated with a right mouse-click.
Page 289
9.9.6 Editing Bars
When the 'Edit Bars' dialog is activated, it first shows a preview of the working area.
Page 290
There are three possible ways to create bar arrangements in the working area:
 Load a bar arrangement from the catalog
 Create a bar arrangement from a 2D symbol
 Enter individual bars
Selection from the catalog is performed in the same way as for other elements. User-
created bar arrangements are also available in the catalog if the are saved in the
directory Installation\AEC\Bars. This can be performed directly in the dialog with
the button.
Page 291
Single bars can be added using the following button and the corresponding context
menu:
Positioning of the bars is performed in the dialog which then appears.
Page 292
When a bar has been positioned, you can change its position numerically in the
following dialog and at the same time specify whether the value is fixed. If a value is
not defined as fixed, the position of the bar will change accordingly when the
casement size is changed.
9.9.7 Drawing Bar Arrangements
Another way to create bar arrangements is by drawing a 2D symbol using the graphic
functions of the 2D graphic plug-in.
First draw a rectangle. Within the rectangle draw the 'bars' as lines. Select the
rectangle and lines using a selection frame and save the elements as a 2D symbol in
the catalog.
Drawing a bar arrangement and saving it as a 2D symbol:
Page 293
The 2D symbol drawn can be imported using the '2D' button. The surrounding
rectangle is then removed and only the lines will be imported as bars.
The imported result:
Page 294
Additional Components for Window Constructions, Windows and Doors
The dimensions of the bars can be modified as usual in the corresponding profile.
Every window construction always contains automatically a profile for bars.
9.10 ADDITIONAL COMPONENTS FOR WINDOW CONSTRUCTIONS,

WINDOWS AND DOORS
You can activate additional elements for the mentioned elements within the property
dialog. These include roller shutters and lintels, window surrounds and fixtures
(handles).
Depending on the element, certain options are disabled in the dialog, so the option
fixtures for doors and windows from 3D objects is not available because both, doors
and windows consist of finished 3D objects and fixtures are or should be included
there. Fixtures are only available for window constructions.
In the dialogs, you find all properties and options on a separate page for additional
elements.
On this dialog page you get a tab for each topic and a 3D preview in which you can
check the effects of the settings. The 3D preview behaves exactly like a normal 3D
view, so you can zoom, rotate, etc..
Page 295
9.10.1 Lintels and roller shutters
You can activate various roller shutter designs and lintels on the roller shutter
property page.
Lintels are internally generated by the software based on the dimensions, roller
shutters are loaded and scaled from finished 3D objects in our catalog.
The option "Keep opening height" determines whether the window height should be
decreased by the height of the roller shutter or the window height remains and the
roller shutter above increases the wall opening.
Page 296
The software already contains an extensive catalog of 3D objects for the various
roller shutter designs. Including those in which the slats are visible at different
heights.
You can use this to make your views and 3D visualizations a little bit more realistic.
If you choose a 3D object with visible slats, you would have to use the "Don't scale
the 3D Object height" option to ensure that the new 3D object is not scaled down to
the pure roller shutter dimensions.
The following example shows such a constellation:
Page 297
9.10.2 Fixtures (handles for window constructions)
As already mentioned, window handles can only be used with window constructions.
The handle objects themselves are normal 3D objects from the catalog. You could
therefore use other versions, you just have to take into account that the 3D objects
are rotated in the same way as shown in our example.
With the distance from below you position the object vertically. The horizontal
alignment is centered on the frame profile of the active window sash.
The list of sashes is based on the structure of the window construction itself and the
position determines whether the handle is placed on the left or right of the active
sash.
Page 298
9.10.3 Window surrounds (surroundings for windows and doors)
Window surrounds are created exactly like the sweep solids of our 3D constructions
and automatically follow the opening polygon. By default, a rectangular profile is
specified here, but you can also use other profiles from the profiles catalog or add
your own. The behaviour and the profile options correspond to those of sweep solids.
With active option “surrounding”, the window or door is completely surrounded.
Without this option, the lower part of the polygon remains free, which you need for
doors or floor-to-ceiling windows.
Page 299
9.10.4 Visibilities for additional elements
Additional elements are managed via their own visibilities in the category extension
elements.
They are disabled by default in 2D top views so that they do not overlay the display
of windows and doors.
Page 300
Openings
9.11 OPENINGS
Openings can be inserted into walls and ceilings. When they are being inserted into
ceilings, it should be noted that these elements are by default invisible and must be
set as visible before inserting an opening. An attempt to insert an opening in an
invisible or non-existent ceiling will, depending on the input tool, either be ignored
or a message is displayed indicating that there is no appropriate object at this position
into which the opening can be inserted.
Openings can be created freely or entered using rectangles , circles or
polygons . On free input, the opening is defined in the ‘Properties’ dialog, which
is opened over the ‘Properties’ entry in the context menu activated with the a right
mouse click - in this way changes to the opening can also be made during input.
Page 301
Slots
The other types of input are used for walls in cross-sections and views, and for
ceiling openings in 2D plan views. In this case the ‘Properties’ dialog is not available
on input, since the dimensions, sill height and contour are already determined by the
choice of input tool.
9.12 SLOTS
Slots are recesses which do not fully penetrate walls to form a opening, unless you
specify a depth which exceeds the thickness off the wall. The option for ‘Total
element height’ ensures that on input the slit created assumes the full height of the
wall into which it is being inserted. Alternatively, the height and the sill height can
be entered manually to create recesses in walls.
Page 302
Skylights
9.13 SKYLIGHTS
Skylights can be inserted into roof planes in both 2D and in 3D views. On switching
roof planes, the skylight is automatically turned to face the outside of the roof if
necessary. In 3D views the roof planes, in which the skylight is situated, appear
transparent to allow a view of the rooms and the timber construction beneath.
When skylights are inserted, matching openings in the timber construction are
created automatically. The dimensions of the timber for the openings are identical to
the dimensions of the rafters specified in the ‘Roof’ dialog.
Skylights can be positioned freely within a roof plane using the mouse. The
calculated position of the skylight can be numerically adjusted, with regard to the sill
height and the Opening height, in the ‘Properties’ dialog for the skylight.
The values for sill height and opening height are taken from the deduction body
surrounding the skylight, i.e. the invisible body which determines the opening in the
roof and roof covering. The following sketch shows the positions to which the values
refer, measured from the top of the ceiling structure.
Page 303
Solar Elements
Additionally, the embrasure for each side of the skylight can be specified if it differs
from the default setting, which is perpendicular to the slope of the roof. The values
for the embrasure also change the deduction body, and the lining of the roof starting
from the inside edge of the skylight’s 3D object.
9.14 SOLAR ELEMENTS
Solar elements can be placed in or on roofs using the appropriate button , or directly
via drag and drop from the catalog of construction elements.
Page 304
Chimneys
Solar elements behave in a similar way to windows, but in addition also have options
in the properties dialog for roof-mounting or roof integrated mounting. For roof
integrated mounting the solar elements create openings in the roofing, but not in the
roof paneling
Note: Using normal input, solar elements can only be placed on roof planes.
However, if the ‘Ctrl’ key is kept pressed on drag and drop from the catalog, the
elements are treated as normal 3D objects and can be used anywhere.
9.15 CHIMNEYS
Basically, the software assumes that chimneys begin on the floor in which they are
inserted and extend upwards through all upper floors and the roof. Therefore, when
floors are copied, a new chimney is not created, instead the existing chimney in the
floor of origin is extended by the height of the additional floor. A chimney is treated
as a single object, but is split into sections, with a section for each floor and a section
above the roofing, so that the various sections can be allocated different visualisation
materials or textures.
Page 305
Beams – Lower/Upper beams
The options for height set either an absolute height in relation to the floor in which
the chimney is situated, or a relative height above the highest ridge of the roof
defined for the current building. If a roof has several ridges and you do not want the
highest one to determine the height of the chimney, then an absolute height has to be
specified. Under structure you can specify the number and the dimensions of the
vents, as well as an option for ventilation. Here it is important that the absolute
dimensions of the chimney match the number and the length of the vents.
The 2D representation of the chimney in 2D plan views depends by default on the
shape of the 3D model. Other representations can be allocated using 2D symbols
from the catalog. A representation using a symbol file is automatically scaled to
match the absolute dimensions of the chimney.
9.16 BEAMS – LOWER/UPPER BEAMS
Beams above or below a ceiling behave on input similar to walls, i.e. they join up on
input, and can be inserted as a polygon or individually between two points.
Beams below a ceiling are automatically placed on the underside of the ceiling,
whereas beams above are placed on the ceiling structure and modify the floor of the
room.
Their properties are also similar to those of walls, so refer to those chapters for
further options if necessary.
Page 306
Foundations
9.17 FOUNDATIONS
Foundations were added as new component types, in the versions single foundations,
strip foundations and bottom plate.
The dialogues and properties are similar to those of upper/ lower beams or ceilings.
For foundations, there are two visible categories, separated according to strip
foundation and single foundation (including bottom plate).
Page 307
Foundations
Stripes and single foundations intersect with each other, similar to walls, to form a
closed contour if necessary and not to overlap. This does not apply to bottom plates
in this respect.
Foundations also appear as elements in the quantity PlugIn.
And also in our new terrain analysis.
Page 308
Foundations
Property dialog of a strip foundation.
Page 309
Roof-Construction Plug-in
Roofs
10 ROOF-CONSTRUCTION PLUG-IN
10.1 ROOFS
10.1.1 Inserting Roofs
There are three different ways to insert roofs.

Input using a rectangle.
Input using a variable polygon: Input is performed using a polygon and is
terminated with ‘Enter’, or over the entry ‘Complete with’ in the context menu. The
polygon is then automatically closed, i.e. the last point is connected to the first. On
input, each point of the polygon defines a roof plane, whereby points on the same
line are merged together.
Input using polygon recognition: Input is performed by moving the cursor over
the plan of the building for which a roof is to be created. The exterior contour of the
building is recognized automatically and highlighted. A left mouse click terminates
input.
When the contour of the roof has been entered using one of these three methods, the
‘Roof construction’ dialog is opened.
10.1.2 The Roof Construction Dialog
The dialog consists of a tree structure for each of the sections named ‘General’, and
‘Roof structure’, under which you can specify settings for the individual roof planes.
Changes under ‘General’ apply to the roof as a whole. Also for each point the
Page 310
Roofs
‘Properties’ dialog is available, and on the right a 3D preview can be optionally

displayed, which has special features in the roof dialog. Roof planes can be selected
either over the tree stucture or with a mouse click in the 3D preview, whereby the
entry in the tree is then highlighted in blue and the roofing of the active roof plane
becomes transparent in the preview.
The green areas below the roof are a schematic representation of the walls, which
form the contour of the building. They serve in particular to select the sides of the
roof on which there are no further roof planes because of the type of profile, e.g.
gable. A roof plane in the 3D preview can be selected either by a mouse click on the
roof plane itself, or by a mouse click on the part of the schematic contour below it.
Page 311
Roofs
10.1.2.1 General
The ‘Roof construction’ dialog always starts with the ‘General’ section. Here the
height of the complete roof can be adjusted, without having to edit each individual
roof plane. A value for the adjustment relative to the lower edge of the rafters can be
entered and the roof adjusted with a click on the ‘Apply’ button.
The options for ‘Visible in Preview’ change the representation of the roof, and have a
effect on the speed of calculation of roofs with a large number of roof planes. Each
change in the ‘Roof construction’ dialog results in a complete recalculation of the
whole roof and its 3D preview. If you do without certain details in the representation,
such as the ridge, valley gutters, guttering and cornices, the time required to calculate
the roof is reduced. The ‘reduced display’ option is automatically activated when the
dialog is opened for a roof with more than 10 roof planes.
The ‘Timber list’ dialog provides a summary of the amount, dimensions, lengths and
volume of the timber required to construct the current roof. The timber list can be
exported in various formats, e.g. PDF, RTF, or Excel, over the ‘Export>Reports/
>Timber list’ menu, independent of the dialog.
Page 312
Roofs
10.1.2.2 Materials
Under ‘Materials’, you can select the desired building material for each component
of the roof, and modify it to meet your requirements as regards 2D and 3D
representation, and texture coordinates. Further information on this can be found in
the section ‘Properties and Representation of Building Materials’.
10.1.2.3 Cladding
Under ‘Cladding’ you can specify the dimensions of the cladding and the elements
allocated to it. The two values for ‘Tile overhang’ do not have any effect on the plan
view or on the visualisation, and are only provided for the calculation of areas and
volumes.
Page 313
Roofs
10.1.2.4 Timber Construction
The settings under ‘Timber Construction’ define the usage and position of the
various timbers required for the complete roof.
You can also define which purlins are to be used in the roof construction. In addition,
the position of the centre purlin, the position and type of collar beams, and the
spacing of rafters can be specified.
Page 314
Roofs
10.1.2.5 Timber Dimensions
The dimensions of the individual timbers of the roof can be specified under ‘Timber
Dimensions’. The depth of the grooving at the intersection of rafter/purlin is
measured at right-angles to the slope of the roof.
10.1.2.6 Rafters
Under ‘Rafters’ the shape of the eaves cut can be defined with the aid of various
settings.
Page 315
Roofs
10.1.2.7 (Details of ) Eaves
Three different types of boxed eaves are provided under ‘(Details of) Eaves’.
Page 316
Roofs
10.1.2.8 (Details of) Gable ends
The visibility and shape of the purlin heads can be selected under ‘(Details) of Gable
ends. At the moment three different shapes are available.
Page 317
Roofs
10.1.3 Roof Construction
10.1.3.1 Roof side 1
In this view the profile of a single roof side can be calculated based on the settings
for pitch, height and overhang. The type of roof side desired is specified under
‘Profile’.
Page 318
Roofs
Page 319
Roofs
A click on the ‘Multiple copy’ button opens the dialog ‘Multiple copy of roof side’,
in which the currently active roof side is shown in red. With one or more mouse
clicks you can select roof planes, to which the properties of the source roof plane are
to be copied. These roof planes are shown in green. You can cancel selection with a
second click on the roof plane.
10.1.3.2 Roof Side 1/Jamp sill
Under ‘Jamp sill’ you can specify parameters for the bottom of the roof from an
architectural aspect. Under ‘Transfer height of roof’, you can use an existing roof
height for this roof side. This is of significance, above all, when the there are roof
sides with different slopes, in order to guarantee that the eaves and the ridge of the
roof are aligned for all roof planes.
Page 320
Roofs
10.1.3.3 Roof Side 1/Jamp sill (inferior purlin)
Here you can specify the parameters for the bottom of roof with regard to structural
aspects. The exact height of the eaves purlin can specified, taking into account, for
example, the thickness of the brickwork. In addition, it can be positioned at an exact
distance from the outside edge of the brickwork, in order to guarantee a reasonable
static load. The ‘Pointing sill’ is measured from the top outside edge of the eaves
purlin to the top edge of the rafter and at right angles to the slope of the roof.
Page 321
Dormers
10.2 DORMERS
There are seven different types of dormers available.
Page 322
Dormers
On insertion the dormer is attached at its front left outside corner to the cursor and
can be ‘dropped’ into the desired roof plane. Subsequently, the ‘Dormer’ dialog
appears, in which details of the dormer can specified.
10.2.1 Shed Dormer
As with the ‘Roof’ dialog, the various properties of the dormer are presented in a tree
structure.
Under ‘General’, in addition to the roof, the dormer walls can also be defined. Here
you can specify whether a wall should be created for a particular side of the dormer,
and if so, the normal ‘Wall’ dialog can be activated for each of the walls.
Page 323
Dormers
Additionally, for the shed dormer you can select under ‘Front side’, whether the
dormer should be hipped.
Page 324
Dormers
Under ‘Left’ or ‘Right’ you can specify the usual settings for the roof planes and
select one of the roof profiles available.
Page 325
Dormers
10.2.2 Flat Dormer
The Flat dormer has no special characteristics compared to a gable fronted dormer.
10.2.3 Hipped roof dormer
For the front of the hipped roof dormer, in addition to the option of a mansard roof, a
‘Half-hipped roof with opening’ can also be selected.
Page 326
Dormers
10.2.4 Triangular Dormer
The pitch of the roof of a triangular dormer can be specified under ‘Dormer wings’.
Page 327
Dormers
10.2.5 Trapezoidal Dormer
As opposed to other dormers, the ‘Top width’ for a trapezoidal dormer can also be
specified under general settings. This determines the width of the dormer roof at the
intersection with the main roof. You can also specify, for example, that the door roof
should taper towards the top.
Page 328
Dormers
10.2.6 Barrel roof dormer
A customised barrel roof dormer can be created by specifying the width of the
dormer, the overhang at the sides and the height of the arch.
Page 329
Dormers
10.2.7 Bat dormer
The wings of a bat dormer can be altered by entering their width.
Page 330
2D Representation of Roofs
10.3 2D REPRESENTATION OF ROOFS
Without additional options the 2D representation of roofs is determined by the

contour of the roof itself. However, in some cases this form of representation is not
sufficient. The options required to adjust the representation of a roof are part of the
2D view and are therefore located in the 'Extended' section of the properties dialog
for the view itself. It can be activated over the context menu, opened with a right
mouse-click in a 2D view.
Page 331
2D Representation of Roofs
Basically, options for following representations can be found in this section of the
dialog:
 filled representation of a roof
 representation using hatching
 cut-off representation, i.e. only the parts of a roof area up to a defined height
are drawn
 representation using contour lines
All options only affect the current 2D view.
Page 332
Visibility of Roof Details
10.4 VISIBILITY OF ROOF DETAILS
For all views, certain details of the roof can set as invisible in the 'Visible categories'
section, for example to remove the cladding so that the timber frame is visible.
Page 333
However, the representation in 2D views is only active if the standard 2D

representation used by the program is deactivated. This can be done in the
'Advanced' section of the properties dialog for the 2D view by unticking the 'Use
standard 2D representation' option.
Page 334
Page 335
Page 336
Advanced Roof Features
Merge Roofs
11 ADVANCED ROOF FEATURES

Note: the plug-in "Advanced Features Roof" is not a standard feature for all versions.
The availability of this feature functions depends on its release. If necessary. ask
your dealer.
11.1 MERGE ROOFS
After merging, individual roof structures become interconnected. This includes both
the outer roof contour and the wood construction. However, the original individual
roofs remain editable. The individual roofs are first entered using the normal input
methods. You then position the two roof sections together, selecting each roof and
using the move and rotate functions on the left side.
The following image shows an example of a situation in which two separate roofs lie
inside one another and intersect.
Page 337
Merge Roofs
To merge, use the Merge roofs function in the extended roof-plugin.
The function now expects a click on the first of the merging roof sections. In the
view the selected roof section is indicated in red.
After a few seconds, move your mouse over the second of the two roof sections. The
red section is then added to the preview.
Page 338
Merge Roofs
With the next click you will complete the merge process. The calculation of the
resulting merged roof is automatic.
The two original roof sections are still editable as individual components and you can
move, rotate, and change the contour or the properties of each. Select one of the
merged roof sections and you will see no difference in the selection of a "normal"
roof. Only when updating, after changing the merged roofs is the merged result
automatically recalculated.
Page 339
Roof Extensions And Roof Openings
11.2 ROOF EXTENSIONS AND ROOF OPENINGS
Roof extensions are areas that can be added to an existing roof side. Entering an
extension is achieved in the followings steps with a mouse:
 Select the roof side to be extended

 Specify the start and end point of the extension
 Determine the length of the extension
 If necessary add additional extensions or modify existing ones with opening
elements
11.2.1 Inserting a Roof Extension
The roof extension is started by selecting the Insert roof extension function buttons
on extended roof plug-ins.
Page 340
Then, move the mouse over the side of the roof, you want to extend. The roof side
will be recognized and highlighted in red in all views.
With a left mouse click, select the side of the roof. Then you set the starting point of
the new surface.
While adding a new surface you will be supported by a red cursor.
It also shows a red line as an extension to the entry point on the side of the roof line,
regardless of where you click. So you can for example take the corner as a reference
point, without having to create additional temporary points.
Page 341
With a second point, you specify the width of the extension, and the cursor takes the
shape of a rectangle. At this time the rectangle does not indicate the depth of the
extension surface.
Finally, you complete the extension by setting the depth. Again, you are supported
by a preview in all views.
Page 342
The input is terminated with the ENTER key or by the appropriate function from the
context menu activated with a right mouse click.
11.2.2 Deleteing a Roof extension
Roof extensions can be selected independently. In a 2D view, click twice on the

extension area. When you first click the roof is selected, and with the second the
extension area itself a selected. Delete the roof extension with the DEL key or the
Delete button in the top toolbar.
Page 343
11.2.3 Edit Roof Extensions / Roof Cutout
You can enter multiple successive rectangular roof extensions succession such as:
You can also remove unwanted sections of a roof. You can enter a rectangular or
polygonal cutout using the Create roof cutout tools.
Page 344
To enter a roof cutout first select the roof, to which the cutout is to be inserted.
Then enter the cutout using the selected input method. The points of the cutout can
be outside of the roof surface.
Page 345
End the cutout input using the Enter key or the context menu. The cut is
automatically displayed in the roof immediately. The 2D contour of the cutout and a
transparent surface in 3D is displayed, allowing you to select the cutout and delete if
necessary.
The roof cutouts can also be accessed via the Visibility dialog. In the 2D view, right
click to activate the context menu and select Visibility. In the visibility tree locate the
roof cutout and deselect.
Page 346
Hall construction / Purlins
11.3 HALL CONSTRUCTION / PURLINS
Roofs with constructed purlins on a truss structure are widely used in buildings. The
roof dialog lists in the tree view, the required settings in the property page "Hall
construction" option.
Page 347
Purlins tie the rafters, suitable for indoor constructions basically exclusively with
gabled roofs. Entering a hall with roof purlins is as follows:
- Insert a rectangular roof

- Adapt roof sides to create a saddle roof, with the two opposite sides defined
as GABLE
- Activate the hall construction
- Adjust the dimensions of the roof trusses and the spacing of the trusses
Customise the purlins
- Transfer the settings to all sides of the roof
- Exit the dialog with OK
11.3.1 Adjust Purlin settings
Click on the General settings button to open the dialog for the Purlin settings..
In the upper part of the dialog you can see an interactive diagram that changes
depending on the settings and represents the current design. Within the sketch, you
can also zoom, scroll with the mouse and using the normal keyboard shortcuts as
with a 2D view in the software.
Page 348
At the bottom of the dialog you can see various tabs for the corresponding settings.
On the General tab you first define the type of purlin construction.
The Axis distance tab illustrates via an additional sketch the dimensions relating to
each input field. It should be noted that the actual distance between the purlins is
variable and is formed from the uniform distribution over the surface. Only the
distances above and below are fixed in place. The Axis distance is thus the maximum
distance that actually results.
After closing the dialog, the changes will update the 2D and 3D roof views.
Page 349
Stairs Plug-in
Inserting Different Types of Stairs
12 STAIRS PLUG-IN
12.1 INSERTING DIFFERENT TYPES OF STAIRS
The software provides three types of staircase and three different ways of inserting
staircases.
 Straight staircase
 geometrical stair
 Landing staircase
For all types of staircase, input is terminated with ‘Enter’ or over the item ‘Complete
with’ in the context menu activated with a right mouse click. When input is
terminated, the properties dialog is immediately opened for that particular type of
staircase.
For types of staircase which are entered as a polygon, you can recognize from the
‘staircase cursor’, i.e the representation of the staircase during input, whether a valid
staircase can be created from the current sections, or not. For instance, if the angle of
the last section of the staircase is too acute, the last segment will disappear, if
calculation is not possible due to the current position of the cursor,.
Page 350
Stairs Plug-in
Geometry
12.2 GEOMETRY
The program calculates automatically within certain tolerances, using the step
dimensions of the stairs, a reasonable relationship between rise and tread depth (note:
gradient/ = two steps + one tread; the ideal gradient based on the length a person’s
step is 63 cm). If for example, you change the length of the run of the stairs and then
switch to another input field, the ‘Modify run length’ dialog appears. Here you have
the choice of three options as to how the stairs should be adapted to suit the new
length.
Page 351
Stairs Plug-in
Type of Construction, Solid- and Wooden Staircases
In this case the number of steps remains constant and the tread depth is changed. If
the tread depth is increased, then the length of the run of the stairs changes. If you
change the number of steps, the length of the run changes but the tread remains the
same. The value ‘Height of starting step’ allows you to set the height of the stairs
above the finished floor. If you uncheck the box ‘automatic positioning above
construction’, then the height of the staircase can be adjusted to suit your specific
requirements. In this case only the unit rise of the staircase changes.
Changes to the measurements of the staircase and the steps are so designed that you
can specify the settings for the staircase to meet your specific requirements, without
being hindered by automatic functions. Therefore, you have to be aware yourself, as
to what extent the gradient adheres to the rule for the length of a person’s step.
12.3 TYPE OF CONSTRUCTION, SOLID- AND WOODEN STAIRCASES
The type of staircase construction can be changed at any point during insertion of the
the staircase and can also be changed later over the properties dialog, whereby either
a solid staircase or a wooden staircase can be specified.
Depending on the type of construction, different input fields are provided for steps,
stringers etc. and also different construction materials are offered.
Under ‘Type dimensions’ you can set the ‘step offset’ for the staircase, i.e. the
distance from the front edge of a tread to the rear edge of the tread below. You can
also change the ‘Cover thickness’ and the ‘Thickness of walk planks’, i.e. the
Page 352
Stairs Plug-in
Type of Construction, Solid- and Wooden Staircases
thickness of the concrete slab under the treads, measured at right-angles to the
inclination of the stairs.
Each change to the staircase is processed immediately, and is shown optionally in the
3D preview.
If you select ‘Wooden stairs’ under ‘Stairs type’, the input fields under ‘Type
dimensions’ also change. ‘Tread thickness’ is shown instead of ‘Facing thickness’,
and ‘Stringer width’ instead of ‘Cover thickness’. In addition, there are input fields
for ‘Stringer thickness’ and the distance between a tread and the bottom edge of the
stringer (the so-called ‘Margin’). The ‘Nosing’ is again the distance from front edge
of a tread to rear edge of the tread below. The ‘Step thickness’ is the thickness of the
tread, the ‘Stringer width’ is the width measured at right-angles to the inclination of
the stairs. The ‘Stringboard thickness’ is the thickness of the stringer and the
‘Distance tread to stringer’ specifies the distance between the front, top edge of a
tread and the top edge of the stringer.
Page 353
Stairs Plug-in
Handrails
12.4 HANDRAILS
Common to all staircases is that the handrails on the right and left can be modified.
The changes not only apply to the dimensions of the handrail components, such as
‘Handrail’, ‘Balusters’ und ‘Kick plates’, but also the shape of a component can be
selected from a number of predefined shapes.
12.5 WELLHOLES
Here you can define wellholes or openings, which staircases automatically, if

desired, create in the floors and ceilings of the floors above.
If you uncheck the box ‘Automatic wellhole’, then no openings are created in floors
and ceilings. In this case you have to manually insert a wellhole in the ceiling. This
one can have any shape and size, and also retains its properties even if changes to the
staircase or to the height of a floor cause the staircase to be recalculated, which
would not be the case for an automatically created wellhole, which would be
adjusted appropriately.
‘Headroom’ defines the clearance between the stairs and the ceiling, and thus also
determines the size of the opening.
Page 354
Stairs Plug-in
Combine Landings
12.6 COMBINE LANDINGS
When inserting a landing staircase, individual landings are created automatically at

each corner of the polygon. The setting for a minimum distance between landings,
which can be specified in the properties dialog under ‘Landings’, determines at
which point the software creates stairs between the two landings.
Page 355
Stairs Plug-in
Combine Landings
It can be seen in the following example, that a distance of only 0.5 m is sufficient to
connect the landings with three steps. If on the other hand only one landing is
desired, then by increasing the minimum distance in the example to 1.5 m, after a
recalculation (i.e. with ), the steps are removed and only one landing instead of
two is created.
Page 356
Stairs Plug-in
2D Representation of Stairs
12.7 2D REPRESENTATION OF STAIRS
The type of 2D representation of stairs is always selected individually for each stairs
over the property in the 'Stairs' dialog.
As an example, an overview of different types of representation and their effects.
Page 357
Stairs Plug-in
Additionally, the properties of a 2D view contain various further options, which have
a common affect on the representation of all stairs in this view. The dialog can be
activated over the context menu, opened with a right mouse-click, in the 'Advanced
section.
Page 358
Stairs Plug-in
Page 359
Solar plants
Roof-mounted solar plants
13 SOLAR PLANTS
Note: solar plants are not a standard feature for all versions. The availability of this
feature functions depends on its release. If necessary. ask your dealer..
13.1 ROOF-MOUNTED SOLAR PLANTS
First, start the tool to insert a roof-mounted solar plant.
Move your cursor in 3D over the roof surface on which the solar plant should be
inserted.Once the software identifies a valid area it automatically collects the needed
properties like roof pitch, contour and timber constructions and marks the roof
surface with transparency. At the same time a preview of the solar plant appears and
shows the module positions depending on your settings of the tool options dialog.
The solar plant doesn’t yet exist in your planning and can be modified with the
properties of the tool options dialog. A final left mouse click in 3D creates the solar
plant in your project.
Page 360
Solar plants
Any changes in the tool option dialog immediately update the preview of the solar
system. You can give the plant a unique name for later identification in the reports
and bills of quantities and influence the positioning of modules and the mounting
system.
In the group module grid the "Maximum number of modules" option is active by
default, so the software automatically attempts to place the maximum number of
modules within the available area. Since this is not always desired, you can specify
the number of modules in horizontal and vertical direction instead. This number is
never exceeded, but can be reduced if the available space is not sufficient to place the
predetermined amount of modules.
Installation is made within an installation area, which normally corresponds to the
roof contour, minus an adjustable surrounding offset distance. You can change the
polygon of the module area later, if necessary.
Page 361
Solar plants
Example with individual setting of a 5 x 3 module grid.
Page 362
Solar plants
You can perform a rough cost estimate using the button Quantities. The use of prices
should however be determined on a daily basis. Default values should be overwritten
and saved in each case.
Page 363
Solar plants
13.1.1 Module areas of solar plants and area cut-outs
As already mentioned, a module area is automatically generated at the input

corresponding to the roof contour minus a surrounding offset. When you click in a
2D view in this area or on the modules, the solar plant is marked in red and the
polygon points are highlighted as usual. With the standard functions, you can now
individually move the polygon points or the sides of the area via the context menu.
The solar plant is automatically recalculated and no longer placeable modules are
removed.
Often, however, it is necessary to create a cut-out within a module area, in which the
placement of modules for structural reasons is not possible. For this purpose, you can
use the tool "Area cut-outs".
Start the required tool and move the mouse over a module area, which is then labeled
and boxed. With a left mouse click in 2D or 3D, select the area and enter the cut-out
with your mouse. This action is then only made in 2D views.
Page 364
Solar plants
All modules that are wholly or partially within the cut-out, are then removed and the
mounting system is recalculated.
13.1.1.1 Delete module area cut-outs
Since area cut-outs are not separate elements, they can not be selected and deleted as
usual. There is a special “delete” tool for this purpose.
Page 365
Solar plants
Flat roof solar plants
As a module area may contain more than one cut-out, you now need to move the
mouse over the desired cut-out which is automatically highlighted. A left mouse
click removes it and recalculates the solar plant again.
13.2 FLAT ROOF SOLAR PLANTS

Flat roof solar plants are here all those who are not necessarily placed on a roof and
in which the modules are mounted elevated. but flat roof systems can also be placed
on inclined surfaces, for example, on a roof with a slight pitch that requires elevated
modules.
The modules are placed within the so-called module areas and arranged in rows.
First, a module area is produced and edited, in terms of its contour and cut-outs in its
surface.
Then, the modules are placed, rotated, row spacings are changed and the installation
origin is updated, if needed.
Page 366
Solar plants
13.2.1 Insert module areas
To insert module areas different input methods are available.
Basically, it is better to determine the area in which the flat roof system should be
placed in a 3D view with a left mouse click, and only then insert the exact contour in
2D if needed. By "picking" the plane in 3D you automatically get in each case, the
correct level and the correct slope of the surface.
In the following steps, we use the tool "select area" that allows you to identify with a
single click the surface of a ceiling or another element. The other input options are
standard features and are used in various places in the software.
After starting the tool, move the mouse in 3D over the element on which the flat roof
plant is to be built, in this case the ceiling.
The detected area is marked in red and with a left mouse click the corresponding
module area is inserted.
Page 367
Solar plants
The module area has been inserted with one click and follows in this case
automatically the contour of the ceiling, which was used as the starting level. Module
areas are displayed in blue and can later be set invisible, when the system is fully
configured.
The next step is to decrease the area so that it does not reach to the surrounding walls
and to avoid that modules are possibly shaded.
For this purpose select the module area and choose one of the tools from the context
menu, "Move polygon sides parallel" in our example.
Page 368
Solar plants
Change the polygon using the mouse or numerically with the tool options dialog. In
our example we enter 1.0 m and thus change all sides of the polygon and we get a
module area, which now is 1.0 m away from the edges of the ceiling, which we used
as a starting point.
The resulting module area:
Page 369
Solar plants
13.2.2 Create cut-outs in module areas
The input variants of the cut-outs and also for deleting are identical with those for
roof-mounted systems
Area cut-outs should be used wherever modules for structural reasons can not be
placed, for example, with skylights, chimneys, antennas etc .. They should not be
used to create horizontal paths between module rows. For these changes the row
spacing would be more appropriate.
Page 370
Solar plants
13.2.3 Insert modules
Once the contour of the module area and the cut-outs are fixed, the modules can be
placed. There are two predefined variants.
Each time you fill a module area with modules, it will be completely recalculated and
previous settings and row spacings are lost.
After the desired installation type has been selected, move the mouse over the
module area and select it with a left mouse click. Then move the mouse to the
corners, a cursor with the direction of positioning is automatically indicated.
The positioning always starts in one of the corners of the area and in the direction
which is indicated by the cursor. When it is necessary to subsequently define a
different starting point or a different orientation, this is done with the tools "Define
Installation Origin" and "Rotate installation direction".
Page 371
Solar plants
A left mouse click fills the area with modules.
Afterwards you can specify the row spacings, either for the entire area or
individually for a row the distance to the next, always beginning from the start point.
Page 372
Solar plants
13.2.3.1 Rotate modules and set installation origin
Should it be necessary, not to align the modules at the corners of the installation area,
they can be rotated and then the start point needs to be reset. The rotation is always
for the whole region, so you can not rotate individual rows of modules.
After selecting the tools you select as usual the module area and then usually one of
the corners, ideally the one that was used as a starting point in the beginning.
You will then receive a cursor that shows the x and y axis and with which you can
already visually assess the subsequent rotation. When you have completed the
rotation with the mouse, you can still accurately adjust the angle of rotation in the
resulting dialog.
Page 373
Solar plants
After rotation you will see the following effect. All module rows were realigned, but
the green shaded area is left empty. The cause is that the starting point of the laying
direction on both axes is still the original starting point of the placement. To fill the
green area with modules, you must set a new origin of the installation now.
After starting the input tool you select the module area again and get the x / y cursor.
You now need to place it in a way that all parts of the module area are within the x /
y range. Only then the whole surface of the module area will be used.
Page 374
Solar plants
Page 375
Solar plants
Analysis
13.3 ANALYSIS
The analysis provides you with a series of auto-detected values and power
calculations and the ability to obtain an assessment of the saved energy costs and a
possible feed-in tariff.
On the parameter page you must first select the country and expected global radiation
in your region. An indication of the global radiation might come from the supplied
map. Exact values should be researched for your community. System losses and
typical inverter efficiencies of course depend on the manufacturer of the future plant
and the components used therein.
Since the feed-in tariff may change constantly, a current typical graduation in four
steps is provided, but should be adjusted as necessary, as well as the revenue coming
from the feed-in tariff.
Page 376
Solar plants
Analysis
Page 377
2D Graphics Plug-in
Representation
14 2D GRAPHICS PLUG-IN
The 2D graphics plug-in offers a range of 2D graphic elements and various ways to
input them.
 Line
 Circle
 Rectangle
 Elipse
 Arc
 Polygon
 Bitmap
All elements have a properties dialog, which is opened by a double click on the
selected element, or over the ‘Properties’ entry in the context menu.
14.1 REPRESENTATION
The properties for the representation of an element can be demonstrated with an
example for an arc. Basically, closed figures such as circles, rectangles etc., are
automatically created filled in. By default, this does not apply to arcs, but they can be
assigned properties for fill-in nevertheless. The ‘Properties’ dialogs for ‘Outline’ and
‘Filling’ under ‘Appearance’ are opened if you click on the field next to the
respective name.
Page 378
2D Graphics Plug-in
Representation
14.1.1 Outlines
Since with outlines we are dealing with the properties of lines, the corresponding
dialog is identical to the properties dialog for lines, which is often found in other
dialogs.
Page 379
2D Graphics Plug-in
Representation
For borders you have the option ‘invisible’ i.e. without a border, or ‘monochrome’
with the usual line properties.
14.1.2 Filling
The fill styles provided are monochrome, texture, pattern and colour gradient. For
each of the usual fill styles the appropriate options are also provided. For textures
however, the associated image in one of the supported bitmap formats must first be
loaded. A mouse click in the preview box under ‘Image file’ opens the standard
dialog for ‘Open file’. The selected image is automatically scaled to fit the fill area.
Using the ‘Save link only’ option, you can decide whether the image, or only the
path to the image, should be saved directly in the project file. Saving the image in the
project naturally affects the file size, according to the size of the image file. If you
only save the path, you should ensure that the image is always accessible over this
path. If you change the directory structure, or pass on the project to someone else
without the image and path, then the image will no longer be displayed.
Page 380
2D Graphics Plug-in
Inserting Images
In many cases, which are beyond the possibilities for fillings, it is better to insert an
image using the ‘Insert image’ function.
14.2 INSERTING IMAGES

When the function for ‘Insert image’ is selected, the standard dialog for ‘Open file’ is
opened, in which you can choose the desired image file. Following this, the software
expects a rectangle to be entered, which is then filled with the image. The properties
of the image and the surrounding rectangle can be changed subsequently if desired
over the properties dialog, which is opened with a double click, or over the context
menu.
Page 381
2D Graphics Plug-in
Visibility of 2D Elements
It should be noted that if the dimensions of the image are changed, the image will be
distorted, if the values for height and width are adjusted manually without retaining
the original width-to-height ratio. The ‘Maintain aspect ratio’ option prevents
distortion, by allowing only one of the two values for width and height to be entered,
the other value is then adjusted automatically.
If a value for ‘Angle’ is specified, the image and its surrounding rectangle are rotated
in the plan.
14.3 VISIBILITY OF 2D ELEMENTS
As already mentioned, 2D graphic elements are generally visible in all 2D plan

views. Detailed settings for each plan view can be specified over the visible
categories in the ‘Visibilities’ dialog, activated over the context menu.
2D graphic elements are inserted exclusively in the current view for 2D views and
cross-sections.
Page 382
2D Graphics Plug-in
Display Priority
14.4 DISPLAY PRIORITY
Basically, the order in which elements are inserted also determines the order in
which they are displayed. For instance, a filled in rectangle which is drawn over text
that was inserted previously, will cover the text, which is then no longer visible. This
default setting can be changed subsequently with the buttons for
display priority, which are always shown in the toolbar when an element is selected.
This enables you to specify the order in which elements are displayed, to suit a
particular case, e.g. inserting text over a filled in rectangle when creating a title
block.
14.5 EDITING 2D ELEMENTS
The following functions for editing 2D graphic elements can be found in the
appropriate ‘Edit 2D Graphics’ toolbar.
Alternatively, the tools can be activated over the context menu, as soon as a line or
polygon has been selected.
Page 383
2D Graphics Plug-in
Editing 2D Elements
14.5.1 Parallel Copy
With this tool you can create parallel copies of lines or polygons. In the ‘Tool
options’ dialog you can specify the number of copies and the spacing between
copies. All copies are shown first of all only as a preview. They are only inserted into
the plan when the settings are confirmed with ‘OK’. Activate the tool and position
the mouse cursor over the object you wish to copy. As soon as an object is detected it
is highlighted in the preview. In the following illustration a normal line is shown on
the left, and on the right a line which has been highlighted by the tool.
Now click on the object. As a result the ‘Tool options’ dialog appears.
To create parallel copies in the opposite direction a negative distance must be

specified.
The following example shows a closed polygon, for which concentrical copies have
been created by specifying a negative distance with a constant increase in the
distance between copies.
Page 384
2D Graphics Plug-in
Editing 2D Elements
14.5.2 Trimming Lines
The tool can also be used to trims lines. Activate the tool and then select the line to
be processed. When a line is detected under the mouse cursor it is highlighted and
can be selected with a left mouse-click. Next a reference line must be selected
against which the line is to be trimmed. Move the cursor to the edge of a construction
element, to another line or a guideline. A valid reference line is immediately marked
with a red line and can be selected with a left mouse-click.
Below we consider two different cases:
 The line is extended to meet the reference line.
 The line intersects the reference line.
In the case of the line being extended, this is performed immediately and the line is
extended to meet the reference line. In the following illustration the necessary steps
are shown from left to right together with the final result.
Page 385
2D Graphics Plug-in
Editing 2D Elements
If the line intersects the reference line an intermediate step is necessary. You must
first specify which part of the line, which is split by the reference line, is to be
removed. The part of the line to be deleted is highlighted in red when the cursor is
positioned over it, and can then be deleted with a left mouse-click. The following
illustration shows, from left to right, the necessary steps and the final result.
Note: The ‘line trimming’ tool can also be activated directly with the ‘T’ key.
14.5.3 Trimming a Line at an Intersection
Trimming lines at an intersection is performed without the need to select a reference

line, since all intersections with other lines or guidelines are automatically detected
along the line. However, the edges of construction elements are ignored. The
illustration shows the necessary steps from left to right; using the mouse first select
the line, and then the parts of the line to be removed. With this tool you can select
several parts of the line by keeping the ‘Shift’ key pressed. The second diagram from
the right illustrates this option. Once the selection of the ‘line sections’ is complete,
the selected sections can be removed by pressing the ‘Enter’ key.
14.5.4 Tools for Inputting Parallel Lines and Polygons
In addition to the normal tools, there is an option for lines and polygons which
automatically creates the appropriate objects with a specified lateral spacing. If a
positive distance is specified, the line is created to the right of the mouse cursor
relative to input direction, and to left if a negative distance is specified in the ‘Tool
options’ dialog.
Page 386
2D Graphics Plug-in
Editing 2D Elements
In the example shown, the line is input automatically parallel to the wall between
corners.
14.5.5 Scaling 2D-Elements
Selected 2D graphic elements show ‘grips’ at the ends of lines and on the rectangles
surrounding them, which can be used to position or change the dimensions of the
element.
Page 387
2D Graphics Plug-in
Editing 2D Elements
Select one of the ‘grip’ points with a left mouse-click. For a line you can now
reposition the point, or in the case of a surrounding rectangle you can change the size
of the complete element. A second mouse-click terminates the operation.
Note: If you keep the ‘Shift’ key pressed while repositioning a point then the
previous direction of a line remains fixed, and rectangles are only changed
proportionally, i.e. the width-to-height ratio is retained. For lines you can thus select
a point away from a line as a reference point for the new length of the line.
14.5.6 Scaling Images and 2D Elements numerically
Images and 2D Elements can be scaled very accurately. This allows images of floor
plans to be inserted and used as a blueprint over which the 3D model of the building
can be constructed.
To achieve this, the image must first be scaled to the correct dimensions, as
undefined dimensions and incorrect proportions result on insertion.
First select the image and then choose the ‘Adjust scaling’ function from the context
menu.
The next step is to enter a dimension from the image as a reference dimension for
subsequent scaling. In this case we choose the horizontal value shown as 11.54 and
define the length with two mouse-clicks on the dimension in the image. Hereby, keep
the ‘Ctrl’ key pressed to activate the angle grid and thus guarantee an exact
Page 388
2D Graphics Plug-in
Editing 2D Elements
horizontal measurement of the length. On the second mouse-click a dialog box

appears in which the current measurement is shown and allows input of the value
from the drawing.
A click on ‘OK’ ends the dialog and the image is scaled to the new dimensions. The
floor plan can now be inserted, although the measurements should be checked
beforehand.
Page 389
Advanced 2D Lines, 2D patterns and hatching
Editing 2D Elements
15 ADVANCED 2D LINES, 2D PATTERNS

AND HATCHING
Note: The functions described in this section are not included in all versions and
remain are mainly specific to the professional products. If in doubt, please ask your
sales partner.
In the standard versions the 2D pattern or hatching was limited to that provided by
the Windows operating system drawing functions. With the advanced 2D patterns
you now have the option to draw your own pattern as a 2D symbol to be stored in the
catalog and from there use with additional properties as a fill pattern for the display
in 2D views. In addition, the catalog of 2D symbols found in the 2D SAMPLES
directory, already contains a directory with pre-made patterns.
Within that directory you will find more folders with cross-hatching and patterns.
This contains the hatching patterns that you can assign to 2D elements such as walls,
pillars or terrain elements by adding to the building material properties, or in the case
of terrain elements this can be used to represent vegetation. Thus, these hatches
contain patterns that can be used in CAD drawings.
The list includes mainly 2D PATTERN files that you can use as a design element in
your 2D plans, such as roof tiles for external roof views, brick or other composite
patterns for the design of walls, paved areas, etc....
Page 390
The dialogue filling properties
In addition, you can use it as a filling etc. and scale accordingly, and so adjust its size
with the advanced features and textures from the catalog, say for example pictures of
tiles or parquet flooring.
15.1 THE DIALOGUE FILLING PROPERTIES
If your version has these advanced features, you get the advanced dialog for the
selection of fill properties. There are small differences depending on the drawing
element. If you have a 2D element of the 2D graphics plugin, you can directly
activate the fill properties via the corresponding field in the Properties dialog. For
other elements, such as structural elements, walls, columns, etc. the presentation is
provided via the materials properties. You would then click on the Material button
and then on the resulting dialog 2D Display property page.
Example rectangle:
Page 391
The dialogue filling properties
Example for building material within a wall layer:
Page 392
2D pattern settings
15.2 2D PATTERN SETTINGS
If you select 2D Fill Pattern, you can then edit the settings at the bottom of the
extended dialog.
First, there is the selection of the desired pattern on the existing catalog control.
Once you have selected the pattern, you will see its original dimensions displayed in
the width and height fields. These dimensions are defined from the drawing the 2D
symbol, from which the pattern is created. You can change these dimensions at any
time as required.
For a 1 m thick wall layer, you would have to adjust the pattern to this thickness.
You would set the Height filed to 1 m, so that the pattern extends over the wall entire
thickness and is not tiled.
With the angle field you can "rotate" the pattern within the element.
In the lower area you set the colour of the pattern, the colour of the fill, and the
background.
By setting the line width you can define the line width for all lines within the pattern.
Do not use this setting if the original line strengths are used within the 2D symbol. In
the sample patterns provided, the line thickness "hairline" was used.
Page 393
2D pattern settings
The option “Use as hatching", which is disabled by default and must be activated
only in a few cases, for example:
In the left image you see the fill pattern used in walls with the option “Use as
hatching" disabled. (Also without having an angle defined in the dialog). The pattern
then follows the alignment of the wall, and always starts in a corner of the drawing
area, usually in the upper left.
Page 394
Draw your own fill patterns and hatches
On the right image you see the same drawing but with “Use as hatching" enabled.
The pattern is now tiled without reference to the element and is centered on the
screen and spread over all the elements in an identical manner. This functions in the
same way as the standard “standard Windows hatching".
15.3 DRAW YOUR OWN FILL PATTERNS AND HATCHES
You can always add your own hatching designs to the catalogue. All hatches and
patterns consist of 2D symbols, using our own native 2D file format. You could
import your own samples, eg from DXF files, or draw graphics using the drawing
functions of the 2D plugin tool. Then select the items you want to belong to the 2D
symbol and save using the context menu, activated with the right mouse button
selecting "Save selected objects as 2D Symbols" and save in the directory \
installation directory \ Graphics2D \ 2D_Muster \ .....
An exemplary procedure:
Draw a bounding rectangle and enter the dimensions exactly as you require for the
pattern. These dimensions are also displayed in the Fill Properties dialog and can be
changed later for each fill there.
Then draw inside the rectangle your pattern using the functions of the 2D Graphics
plug-in such as lines, arcs, circles etc.. While drawing, it often makes sense to turn
off the line widths in the 2D view. In our example patterns, we have also used the
“hair line” line width setting to increase clarity.
Page 395
Advanced 2D-Lines
Please take into consideration when drawing the pattern any tiling in when displayed
both vertically and horizontally, otherwise you will see a tiled effect very clearly in
the drawing.
The initial bounding rectangle is used for the orientation and is automatically
stripped when the 2D symbol is used as a pattern. Therefore, you can also create
patterns without this bounding rectangle.
But there are also cases where the bounding rectangle is imperative, namely,
whenever the elements of the pattern must have a distance from the edge, as shown
in the figure below right. If the rectangle is missing, the uppermost and lowermost
lines would form the absolute dimensions of the pattern and the overall the pattern
would look very different.
Of course you can also take existing patterns as the basis for further editing. Just drag
the icon into a 2D view, select it and then choose "2D symbols separate to base
objects…" from the context menu. Now you can select the components of the former
symbol individually and edit or remove a single element and replace with others.
Then save the new symbol / pattern in the catalog.
15.4 ADVANCED 2D-LINES
15.4.1 General
Two variants are available for advanced 2D-lines:
- Parametric dash lines

- individual lines from 2D symbols
For line settings in 2D views, further line types are now available. The previous
windows standard lines in the selection list have been extended by a further dozen
self - defined "dash - dot" line combinations.
Page 396
Advanced 2D-Lines
The properties dialog of a 2D line also offers the possibility to define your own lines.
The list of lines now shows the previous 5 Windows standard lines, followed by the
advanced “dash-lines”. In addition, self-generated lines would automatically be
appended to the end of the list.
Page 397
Advanced 2D-Lines
Note: The new line types and their definition are stored in XML files. The included
standard lines in the LineTypes.xml in the respective language subdirectory of your
version, e.g. "C: \ installation directory \ PROGRAM \ en-GB". The self-created
lines are stored in an additional UserLineTypes.xml file in your user directory, ie. C:
\ Users \ your_user_name \ Documents \ Your_CAD_Version \. If you use custom
lines in a project and switch to a different computer, you must transfer the
UserLineTypes.xml as well, otherwise unrecognized lines would be replaced by
windows standard lines when loading the project on the new computer.
Page 398
Advanced 2D-Lines
15.4.2 Creating your own „2D dash-lines“
When you create your own lines, you can start with a completely new, empty line
and describe it with segments and distances ("new line type") or use an existing line
and change only their settings ("New user line from predefined line type ").
In the Create user defined line dialogue, you can specify the length of the segments,
the distance to the next segment, and the logical name of the new line.
The values for length and distance are no absolute values, not in mm for example.
They depend in the printed line result on the scale and the pen width. A segment of
length 40 would e.g. in a scale of 1:100 and a pen width of 0.25 mm, result in a
length of about 10 cm on the paper.
Measuring segments in a 2D view of the software is senseless, because the current
view zoom factor also influences the appearance. You can control the result only on
printed paper.
15.4.3 Individual lines from 2D-symbols
As already in a similar form with the patterns and hatches from 2D symbols, you
have the possibility to draw lines yourself and to store them in the catalogue of the
2D symbols for further use as new 2D line.
Page 399
Advanced 2D-Lines
For the 2D symbol you draw with the conventional 2D drawing functions like lines,
polygons, etc. the later representation of the line, surrounded by a rectangle. The
rectangle is removed later when the line is drawn, and the contents of the symbol are
arranged along the line (tiled). In the "Dimensions" section you can also scale length
of the line later. The height is adjusted proportionally and the line becomes longer
and wider.
The principle of drawing 2D symbols for lines corresponds with the one for patterns
and hatching, please see the previous chapters.
We have added some line type types in our 2D symbol catalogue, directory "2D
Patterns \ 2D Lines". Here are some examples of the 2D symbols and the resulting
lines.
Page 400
Advanced 2D-Lines
You can only create polygonal lines from 2D symbols with the "Polygon" tool of the
2D line element.
Page 401
Railings
Inserting railings
16 RAILINGS
The functions for inserting and designing railings can be found on the
CONSTRUCTION ribbon, since railing constructions can also be saved, loaded and,
if necessary, edited further.
16.1 INSERTING RAILINGS

A railing is inserted using a polyline. When you have reached the end point of the
railing, complete the process with ENTER or via the context menu. The railing
dialog then appears.
In most cases, the path of the railing should be based on the existing building
construction, e.g. along the outer edge of a balcony. However, since the railing is not
usually in the middle of the outside of the balcony, there is an option of defining an
offset to the input polygon while you insert the railing.
In the following screenshot, the path of the polygon is red and the offset railing
cursor is marked with the arrow at a distance of 10 cm. The direction in which the
offset takes place depends on the input direction of the polygon, i.e. it differs
depending on whether you enter the polygon to the left or to the right.
Therefore, positive and negative values such as "- 0.1" are allowed.
Page 402
Railings
Level of a railing
You can also set the polygon offset for existing railings any time later in our
properties dialog. And as usual, you can also move the polygon points of a railing
manually.
16.2 LEVEL OF A RAILING

There are two variants when inserting railings, one as a normal polyline or as a
polyline in a horizontal plane.
In the normal polyline tool, railings are inserted by default at the zero level of the
active layer. Changing the level is done numerically in our properties dialog on the
GENERAL page.
As an input aid and so that you don't always have to measure the necessary level
from the 3D building model there is an alternative variant in horizontal plane.
As with other input tools, the level alias distance to floor level is preset by picking a
level in a 3D view.
To do this move the mouse cursor over an area in the 3D view once you have started
the tool. If a surface is recognized under your cursor it is marked in red and another
left mouse click picks the shown plane.
Page 403
Railings
Railing dialog and settings
The polygon is then inserted in a 2D view in order to guarantee the required

accuracy.
Note: as the name of the input tool already suggests, the railing always runs
horizontally, even if the determined plane was inclined. Sloping railings are currently
not available.
16.3 RAILING DIALOG AND SETTINGS
16.3.1 General settings
On the general page of the railing dialog, you essentially determine the subdivision
of the railing, the design and the position. There is also an option of loading a
previously saved railing project or saving the currently configured railing for further
use. That allows you to create your own railing catalog with different basic types.
In the lower area you see a 3D preview of the railing, but only one segment of it.
Therefore, the subdivision does not play a role here. It is more about the visual
control of the properties such as posts, handrail, filling, etc..
The 3D preview behaves exactly like a 3D view in our main software, i.e. you can
zoom or rotate in it.
Page 404
Railings
16.3.2 The subdivision of a railing
By default, railings are divided into so-called segments with a specified length for
each polygon side.
The division in input direction of the railing begins with exactly this dimension and
at the end a shorter segment of any length is automatically created to complete the
railing side.
Page 405
Railings
Alternatively, you can create segments of even length along the railing sides, either
decrease or increase each segment.
Segments of the same length are then automatically calculated. The number of
segments remains the same when reducing the length, segments only become shorter
and when increasing the value, one segment is removed and the remaining ones
become longer than the specified length, here in our example 1.75 m
The "Only one segment per railing side" option suppresses the division into segments
and creates a railing side with a single segment.
Page 406
Railings
Editing a railing segment individually
16.4 EDITING A RAILING SEGMENT INDIVIDUALLY
Railing segments can be individually selected and edited. In this case, editing means
giving a segment a length that deviates from the usual division or using other filling
properties.
Other railing elements such as posts or handrail apply to the entire railing instead and
cannot be changed for a segment.
16.4.1 Changing the length of a railing segment
If you click on the filling area of a segment in a 3D view, not the entire railing will
be selected but only this single segment.
And a 3D dimension appears showing the current length.
Page 407
Railings
Since changing the length needs a direction in which it should apply, you must first
define this direction with a left mouse click on the 3D end of the dimension line.
The end of the dimension line also changes its color.
Page 408
Railings
Double-click on the cone to open the dialog for entering the length numerically.
Page 409
Railings
Saving and loading railing settings
If a segment of a railing has been individually modified, the normal dividing options
are disabled and the "User-defined" checkbox shows this status.
If you want to go back to normal segment division, you must first deactivate the
checkbox.
16.5 SAVING AND LOADING RAILING SETTINGS
In our "Railing Project" group, you can load and save a predefined railing. We have
created some sample types in our standard catalog.
Basically you will design your own railings and save them there. This applies both
for using the same type in future projects or as a template for multiple railings within
the same building project.
Saving and loading railing project allows you to make the settings for the design and
filling once, save the railing project and then simply read these settings in for the
next railing.
The default location for the railing projects is the \AEC\Z-Railings directory in your
version's installation directory. Railings use their own file type and extension (*.cyr).
Unlike most other elements in our catalog, railing projects cannot be dragged and
dropped into a planning. Since these files only contain the settings for a railing
segment, they need an existing railing path inserted with a polyline.
Page 410
Railings
Saving and loading railing settings
Railing projects can only be read in via the properties dialog. General settings such
as offset to the polygon or distance to the layer are not part of a railing project either.
It's basically about fill properties.
Note: on some computers, access to the installation directory may be restricted due
to a lack of user rights on your Windows System.
Our software cannot overwrite these restrictions. So if you save a railing and you
don't see the file in your catalog, that's probably the reason.
In this case save the railing file in a directory where you should have the necessary
rights, on your desktop for example. And then copy the *.cyr file manually in your
Windows Explorer to the required target directory.
Alternatively, you could extend your user rights to the installation directory in your
Windows Explorer.
Railing folder in our AEC catalog:
Within the catalog you can see the railing projects and, as usual, you can open a
preview dialog with a double-click.
Page 411
Railings
Changing railing materials
16.6 CHANGING RAILING MATERIALS
The easiest way to change materials on railing components is to add a new texture or
a material in a 3D view via drag and drop from the catalog.
All components of the same type of railing, i.e. posts, fillings, bars change their
properties together. All others remain as they are.
Page 412
Railings
Railings made from catalog 3D-objects
16.7 RAILINGS MADE FROM CATALOG 3D-OBJECTS

Instead of the configurable railings, you can also use ready-to-use 3D objects from
the catalog via the dialog and follow the course of the railing.
You will find this option in the CONSTRUCTION group and next to it buttons for
the selection of 3D objects.
As in the predefined example, the 3D object for a segment should only have one
post, otherwise two posts would always appear directly next to each other on the
railing path.
And the final object is a single post that is placed at the end of the railing, where the
last segment would be missing the post of the main object.
If you use 3D objects, they are scaled distorted to the segment length. In order for
this to look reasonably appropriate, you would have to an even segment length,
ideally with the width of the finished 3D object, which you can find in our preview
dialog in the catalog of 3D objects.
Here is an example of how distorted 3D objects would look like:
Page 413
Railings
Railings made from catalog 3D-objects
Here the railing with the same 3D object, but with an even segment length in the
width of the 3D object.
16.7.1 Materials for railings made from catalog 3D objects
Normally you can change materials on 3D objects by dragging and dropping textures
and materials from the catalog.
This is not possible with railings, at least not beyond saving and loading the project.
When loading, the original 3D objects are retrieved from the catalog and assembled
into a railing based on the parameters.
Page 414
Railings
Posts
So if you want the railing 3D objects in other colors, you would have to change the
original 3D object or create a new 3D object and add it to the catalog.
16.8 POSTS
On the Posts property page, you have the option of determining the type of
attachment for the railing, i.e. standing as standard or on the side.
The lower edge distance extends the post downwards, the railing height remains the
same.
The posts are created from profiles, of which a round or rectangular variant is
predefined as an option. Alternatively, you could choose a different profile from the
profiles catalog, or draw your own profile, save it in the catalog, and use it to adjust
the outline of the posts.
Instead of posts made from profiles, you can also use a ready-to-use 3D object. We
have added some examples in the catalog of 3D objects, in the
Components\Railing\Posts directory. The catalog button also refers to this directory.
Below is a screenshot showing both mounting options. In the case an attachment at

the side, it is not clear to which side the attachment must point when inserting the
railing polygon.
In order to reverse the mounting direction, i.e. so that the feet point to the other side,
the corresponding option is activated.
Page 415
Railings
Handrail
Incidentally, the railing of the example balcony on the left side of the following
figure consists of 5 individual railings, so that no posts and fasteners are placed in the
corners.
It consists of three straight railings and two over the corners and for these two the
options to create posts at the beginning, at the end and between the segments have
been deactivated.
16.9 HANDRAIL
Handrails are created from profiles along the entire length of the railing. They consist
of sweep solids like in our 3D constructions plug-in and just like these, the shape can
also be adjusted using a 2D profile from the profile catalog.
We have added some handrail examples to the catalog, which can be found in the
directory \AEC\PROFILES\Basic forms\Handrail.
Of course you can also draw your own profiles from closed 2D polygons and use
them in the catalog.
Page 416
Railings
Fillings
An example of a handrail profile with the associated representation in 3D.
16.10 FILLINGS
There are basically three variants of fillings, with vertical or horizontal bars or with
so-called fixed fillings, which represent glass, for example. You specify which type
Page 417
Railings
Fillings
of construction is used either on the GENERAL page or via the checkbox on the
respective properties page.
In addition to the parameterized components of a filling you can also use 3D objects
from the catalog as bars.
We have prepared a small catalog for this as an example, each for vertical and
horizontal elements.
The directory with the 3D objects is in our object catalog under COMPONENTS -
RAILINGS - BARS.... You could also save your own 3D objects there.
Page 418
Railings
Fillings
Fixed fillings, simple 3D solids with a glass material by default on it, can also be
designed with other materials by dragging and dropping them from the texture or
material catalog.
This also includes so-called mask textures, some of which can be found in the
mTextur - metal directory.
With such a mask texture, you can simply make a solid filling appear like a wire
mesh, only with the texture image, which is much more performant than creating
each wire as a 3D element.
Page 419
Railings
Visibility of railings
16.11 VISIBILITY OF RAILINGS

As standalone elements, railings also have their own visibilities. These can be found
in the 3D Objects – Railings category.
Page 420
Railings
Using railings in groups, e.g. for ready-to-use balconies
16.12 USING RAILINGS IN GROUPS, E.G. FOR READY-TO-USE BALCONIES
Railings can be saved individually but also in combination with other building
components in our groups catalog and easily reinserted from there using drag and
drop.
This can be useful if you need several identical railings in the project. Then you
would not have to enter the path and make the settings in each individual case, but
only create the railing once and then use it as a group as usual.
In this case both the 2D and the 3D representation are identical to the standard
planning display.
We have added various combinations of 3D constructions and railings as balconies to
our catalogue.
Page 421
Terrain Plug-in
General
17 TERRAIN PLUG-IN
17.1 GENERAL
For each new project the software automatically creates a terrain with the dimensions
100 x 100 m. The terrain is also assigned its own layer entitled ‘environment’, which
can be displayed, for instance, using the project viewer.
The terrain is set by default as visible, which means that if the ‘Show all’ button or
the ‘HOME’ key is pressed, the software zooms out of the view until all of the terrain
is completely shown. For normal planning it may therefore be advantageous to make
the layer for the environment, together with the terrain, invisible. The easiest way to
do this is in the project viewer by unchecking the box for the ‘Environment’ layer.
Alternatively, the standard method using visible categories / visible layers is of
course also possible.
As opposed to the way the software normally behaves, i.e. elements are always
inserted in the current layer, all elements entered in the ‘Terrain’ plug-in, e.g. terrain
forms, terrain areas etc. are internally always assigned to the ‘Environment’ layer,
which as a rule is not active. This also means that the terrain elements can only be
selected and edited, if beforehand the ‘environment’ layer is set as an active layer in
the project viewer.
The terrain, and the terrain areas and forms which are situated on it, are proper 3D
bodies, and not just surfaces for better orientation. This gives us basically the
possibility of calculating not only surface areas but also the volume of areas and
openings. Several further visible effects are explained in the following chapters.
17.2 TERRAIN PROPERTIES
The ‘Terrain’ properties dialog is opened by a double click on the terrain, when the
layer for environment is active.
Page 422
Terrain Plug-in
Terrain Forms
The terrain is always positioned about its origin. If required it can be repositioned by
entering an offset in the x and y direction. If the terrain is 100 x 100 m, an offset of
50 m in the x and y direction would thus reposition the bottom left-hand corner in the
direction of the origin.
Since the terrain is a 3D solid, as we have already mentioned, you can also specify a
thickness. Alternatively, you can allow the terrain to be automatically adjusted if, for
instance, a basement floor is created below the ground floor. In this case the terrain
automatically assumes the thickness of the basement floor, and creates a opening in
the ground to match the contour of the building, as can be seen in the following
illustration.
17.3 TERRAIN FORMS
The software provides a range of predefined landscape forms to enable you to

landscape the terrain.
Page 423
Terrain Plug-in
Terrain Forms
Suitable tools are provided for inserting the various landscape forms. For instance, to
enter a slope, an area and a gradient must be defined, whereas a plateau only requires
a rectangle to be entered. After an area has been defined for the landscape form, the
corresponding dialog is opened. The possible settings in the dialogs for the various
landscape forms are basically similar in all dialogs.
Worth mentioning are the options, ‘Replace existing terrain’, ‘Add to existing
terrain’ and ‘Height points only’.
The option ‘Height points only’ causes the landscape form to lose its properties, and
only individual height points, which can only be edited individually, are inserted for
the project. Therefore, it is not possible later to simply change the height of a
landscape form, but instead every single point must be adjusted.
The ‘replace’ and ‘add’ options behave as illustrated in the following figure for two
plateaus, which in both case are situated above each other. On the right, a small
plateau was entered above an existing one and created with the ‘add’ option. The
new plateau automatically assumed the height of the ground at this point and was
inserted. Terraces result. On the left, the existing ground was replaced at this point.
Page 424
Terrain Plug-in
Terrain elements
The small plateau has assumed a height of zero and has created a hollow,
corresponding to its shape, in the existing plateau.
17.4 TERRAIN ELEMENTS

After the contour of the ground has been defined, further landscape features can be
incorporated. The features available here are flower beds, ways, terraces and water
features. The appropriate means of entering the feature are also provided, so that for
instance, a path can be inserted as a polygon or as a spline, whereas a flower bed can
only be inserted as a closed polygon. Landscape features are created as surfaces,
which automatically conform to the contours of the ground and the defined landscape
forms. Since landscape features are discrete surfaces, they have their own materials,
and can, as opposed to the terrain as a whole, be allocated textures from the catalog.
Page 425
Terrain Plug-in
Terrain contours
17.5 TERRAIN CONTOURS
Apart from the predefined landscape forms, the contour of the ground can also be
modified by entering individual height points or a spline shaped contour line.
When input for height points is terminated, a dialog is opened which enables
coordinates for a height to be entered. A contour line is also resolved into individual
height points along its course. The list of height points along a contour line are
shown point for point in the following dialog.
17.6 TERRAIN ELEMENTS, 3D SOLIDS, EXCAVATION AND ANALYSIS

Terrain elements such as paths, beds, terraces, etc. can now be given an adjustable
height above the terrain and a setting for the excavation.
In addition, these elements can now also be selected in 3D views and edited via the
polygon points. The contour can be changed as with other polygonal elements.
The name of the element, ie the logical name, is used for identification in the analysis
dialog.
Page 426
Terrain Plug-in
Terrain, Analysis of Excavation and Areas
17.7 TERRAIN, ANALYSIS OF EXCAVATION AND AREAS
The dialog offers various evaluation options on the three property pages.
On the excavation page, it lists all building solids and 3D substraction solids that cut
the terrain. All others would not be displayed here.
Depending on your selection in the tree view, the 3D preview shows which solid it is.
The part of the 3D solid, which forms an intersection with the 3D terrain, is shown in
red and parts above it in green.
Page 427
Terrain Plug-in
The example project.
You see the building and the intersected volume in the terrain. as well as the 3D
substraction solid from the PlugIn 3D Constructions, which creates the entrance to
the underground car park at the right of the building.
Page 428
Terrain Plug-in
In addition, you receive information about the terrain elements, so you can easily
determine their surface, volume and excavation. The names of the elements come
from the properties dialogs.
A summary of the values determined for further use can be found on the analysis
page.
Page 429
Terrain Plug-in
You can also select parts of the table with your mouse and copy values via CTRL+C
/ CTRL+V to other documents, in an Excel sheet for example..
The button „Copy analysis to clipboard“ copies the entire table, which you can insert
with CTRL +V elsewhere.
Page 430
Terrain Plug-in
Plots in 3D and 2D with automatic border
17.8 PLOTS IN 3D AND 2D WITH AUTOMATIC BORDER
On the terrain ribbon you will find, among other things, the functions for inserting a
plot representing an area within the general terrain solid.
Three input variants are available, which always form a closed contour.
If no separate layer is active below the ENVIRONMENT layer, the terrain is

automatically inserted on the ENVIRONMENT layer, regardless of which layer is
actually active in the view.
As with the other terrain elements, it is therefore not intended and not possible to
insert the plot at a different point in your project structure.
It is possible to create more than one plot within the terrain solid. Ideally, these plots
should not be directly edge to edge, even if that should be the case in reality. Better
leave a little gap between them.
Otherwise, collisions can occur when creating the 3D solids and when the 3D plots
intersect with the 3D terrain.
17.8.1 Visibilities of 3D plots and 3D terrain
The plot always consists of a 3D solid whose surface follows the 3D terrain.
Since the surface follows the terrain, height points and heightlines outside the plot
solid are also taken into account, but of course these points must remain inside the
terrain as before.
Page 431
Terrain Plug-in
Plot and terrain have separate visibility options.
This allows you to switch the terrain off and leave only the plot visible. You will
then receive such a display.
Page 432
Terrain Plug-in
The plot forms a closed 3D solid downwards like the terrain itself. Also with the
necessary depth. This prevents a basement, for example, from becoming visible
below the surface of the plot.
17.8.2 Property dialog of plots
If necessary, you can assign a proper name to the property for identification
purposes. The other options, such as the representation in 2D top views etc.
correspond to the previously known terrain.
Page 433
Terrain Plug-in
17.8.3 Automatic border of a plot
Sometimes it is necessary or desired to make the contour of the plot visible in 3D as

well. For this purpose the dialog contains properties for an automatic border.
Page 434
Terrain Plug-in
Borders for terrain elements such as beds and terraces
The border is all the way around, leaving no gaps for driveways or ways into the
plot. It is really only intended to show the plot contour in 3D.
17.9 BORDERS FOR TERRAIN ELEMENTS SUCH AS BEDS AND TERRACES
Similar to the plot, you can also have an automatic border created for beds and
terraces, e.g. to display curbs.
Page 435
Terrain Plug-in
The contour of the border is almost arbitrary. Instead of the predefined variant
rectangle, you can access the catalog of 2D profiles and either use one of the existing
profiles or one of your own that you have previously drawn yourself and saved in the
catalog.
Page 436
Terrain Plug-in
As an example a border made of a half round edge profile.
Page 437
Terrain Plug-in
North arrow dialog
17.10 NORTH ARROW DIALOG
Previously, the north arrow could only be rotated and moved manually via the dialog
and only if the ENVIRONMENT layer on which it is located was activated
beforehand.
The dialog for the properties of the north arrow can now also be started on the terrain
ribbon.
In the dialog you see an preview of the currently active 2D view and the north arrow
setting options.
You can use the move button to position the north arrow in the adjustable increment
in relation to the drawing. The drawing in the preview area updates automatically.
The scaling of the north arrow is also new.
The rotation of the north arrow also influences the shadow calculation in 3D views if
you have determined the position of the building in the sun position settings of the
3D view. You can set the angle or use the predefined alignments in the compass list.
0 degrees would be the orientation to the north
Page 438
Terrain Plug-in
Retaining walls
17.11 RETAINING WALLS
Retaining walls are used to design the exterior area of your planning, i.e. on the plot.
Therefore, the function is also located on the Terrain Ribbon.
Unlike the other wall types of the building, retaining walls do not create rooms and
will not allow windows or doors. A layer structure is also not provided. Basically, the
retaining walls are sweep solids, i.e. pure 3D constructions.
17.11.1 Retaining walls or real walls?
Occasionally real walls were used to design the garden, but this is generally
unfavorable. These walls, with the exception of our partition wall type, always try to
intersect with other walls and thereby create rooms.
And the rooms are then used to create floors, etc. This can lead to problems with the
entire room calculation and to other undesirable effects.
Whenever a wall is needed in the garden, a retaining wall should be used. Unless the
wall needs to intersect under a roof, requires a layer structure for your 2D display, or
must contain a door. Then you need a normal wall, preferably of the partition wall
type, because these walls also do not intersect with other walls and side effects in
room recognition are avoided.
Page 439
Terrain Plug-in
Retaining walls
17.11.2 Inserting retaining walls
Retaining walls can be entered polygonally or via a spline.
While inserting retaining walls you can already open the properties dialog via the
context menu and set the thickness.
This prevents you from making subsequent changes afterwards, especially with
regard to the input polygon.
So set the starting point of the retaining wall, click with the right mouse button and
open the properties dialog via the context menu.
Set the width of the retaining wall. This is the only property that affects the input.
For example, if you insert a retaining wall on the plot outline and then change the
thickness, it would protrude into the neighboring property.
Once the thickness is set, continue inserting. Use the key combination CTRL + W to
change the reference side of the wall as usual. Each time you press CTRL + W, the
wall side at the cursor switches from the axis to the sides.
17.11.3 Properties of retaining walls
Like railings and fences, retaining walls are created segment by segment. The default
value of 0.5 m has a visual effect on inclines. As you can see in the screenshot
below, there is a staircase effect with relatively small steps. This is the segment
length.
Page 440
Terrain Plug-in
Retaining walls
If you change the length of the segments to e.g. 2 m, the following wall is created
Retaining walls can have a fixed height, or a height that takes into account the terrain
at the end of the segment and forces the segment to the specified value at that point.
This also means that the height elsewhere is higher than specified in the dialog.
The figure below shows where the value of 1.2 m is measured at a height above the
highest ground point (of the segment).
Page 441
Terrain Plug-in
Retaining walls
17.11.4 Foundations under retaining walls
You can create automatic foundations underneath the retaining walls. The option and
parameters can be found in the properties dialog.
Page 442
Terrain Plug-in
Fences
17.11.5 Retaining walls without a horizontal top edge
If you do not want the staircase effect shown along the retaining wall, you can use
the "Follow the terrain surface" option to create a largely even progression that
corresponds to the terrain surface. The finer the segmentation, the "smoother" the
progression.
17.12 FENCES
Fences are basically a variant of railings. If necessary, you can find details about the
properties in their description.
However, fences have other input tools and automatically follow the terrain surface
depending on the input variant.
Fences are also created in segments whose length is adjustable, just like railings. At
the end of each segment, i.e. where posts are typically placed, the fence determines
the height of the terrain and adjusts the height accordingly. This is how the
progression is created.
Page 443
Terrain Plug-in
Fences
With variant 1, the fillings are calculated accordingly and are given a gradient from
segment to segment, so that the height of the fence is measured at each post position
and the spacing of the fillings fit at the top and bottom of the segment.
In variant 2, the filling remains horizontal and instead the posts are extended
downwards and upwards. A stair-like look is the result.
The distribution of both variants on their own input tools is only a work
simplification. The option responsible for this can be found in the properties dialog
of the fences. You can therefore switch between the variants at any time without
having to re-enter the fence.
Page 444
Terrain Plug-in
Custom layers below the ENVIRONMENT layer
17.12.1 Special fillings - wire mesh fence
As already mentioned for railings, mask textures are suitable for giving a filling the
appearance of wire mesh, of course only in 3D.
For fences we have added an additional selection button for the texture catalog.
17.13 CUSTOM LAYERS BELOW THE ENVIRONMENT LAYER
Below the Environment layer, you can create a hierarchy of other layers, for example
to subdivide the design of your property.
This is primarily used to sort elements that have no constructive influence on the
terrain design, such as 3D objects or self-modeled content with 3D constructions
Page 445
Terrain Plug-in
Custom layers below the ENVIRONMENT layer
Height points, heightlines, terrain areas as well as plots do not have to be sorted. The
visibility of such elements should be handled as before via the view's visibilities
settings and not via layers in the ENVIRONMENT.
Page 446
Surface Editor Plug-in
Defining Surface Areas
18 SURFACE EDITOR PLUG-IN

The surface editor can be used to create 3D surfaces in any plane. A few examples of
the use of such surfaces are façade cladding, tiled backsplashes for kitchens and
bathrooms, work tops, and patios and other landscape features.
18.1 DEFINING SURFACE AREAS
The surface editor first requires that a plane or surface area is selected in a 3D view.
Only when an area has been defined can the surface be created. The definition can be
performed in any view, so that, for example, tiled backsplashes can also be created in
cross-sections. The surface area can be selected very simply with a left mouse-click.
First choose one of construction tools, i.e. a rectangle, a polygon or a plane, and
position the mouse cursor over the chosen element in a 3D view. When an element is
detected, be it a wall, a roof plane, or a piece of furniture, its surface area is
highlighted in red in the 3D view.
For the rectangle or polygon tool the first step is now complete and you can begin
defining the surface area. For the plane option the ‘Surface’ dialog would now be
automatically activated. If you wish to define several surface areas or planes using
the plane option, for instance the complete façade as shown in the example below,
Page 447
Definition Using a Rectangle or Polygon
then simply keep the ‘Shift’ key pressed and select further areas. The selection
process is terminated with ‘Enter’.
Whenever a surface area is defined first all openings such as windows, doors or wall
recesses, included in or under the surface, are detected and shown in the ‘Surface’
dialog.
18.2 DEFINITION USING A RECTANGLE OR POLYGON
As already described, the first step in defining a surface area is to select a plane.
Once this has been performed, the desired contour of the surface area can be entered
in a view or using several views. In 3D views the surface area is shown as a
transparent preview. During definition of the surface area you can swap between
views. For example, you can set the first point of a rectangle in a 3D view and the
second, for greater accuracy, in the 2D plan view.
Page 448
The ‘Surface’ Dialog
18.3 THE ‘SURFACE’ DIALOG

The ‘Surface’ dialog is activated as soon as the definition of a surface area has been
completed.
Page 449
In the ‘Base settings’ section you can specify the thickness of the surface and the
distance from the selected plane. The distance from the plane can also be a negative
value if the surface is to be set back from the plane.
An important part of the dialog is the interactive sketch in which the current
dimensions of the surface area are shown and in which, for example, you can select
the various openings using the mouse. Alternatively, you can select the surface area
and openings by means of the drop-down list for ‘Area’.
Page 450
The surface area itself and the openings can be modified using the settings for
‘Border’, which always apply to the active area, highlighted in red in the drawing.
An example: You would like to tile a wall but not to the full height of the room. You
could define the area manually with a rectangle or alternatively use the ‘Plane’
construction aid and then limit the surface area using the settings for ‘Border’.
Page 451
You can also create borders for openings. First select the desired opening and then
define, for each side individually or as a uniform margin, the area which is to be
excluded from the surface area.
Page 452
Miscellaneous
In some cases it may be required that openings are not cut out of the surface area but
instead are covered the surface. In this case deactivate the ‘Cut openings’ option.
18.4 MISCELLANEOUS
 Positioning surfaces: Surfaces can only be repositioned in the plane in which
they were created.
 Representation in 2D views: the representation of a surface in 2D views, i.e.
filling or hatching, is as always dependant on the building material used and
can be modified by clicking on the setting for material, located above the
drawing.
 Relationship to other objects: If a surface is created on a construction
element, for example a wall, then the surface automatically reacts to changes
in the position of the element. If the wall is repositioned, the surface moves
with it, but not vice versa. However, if the wall is deleted the surface is
retained, since it could be that the element was only created temporarily in
order to define the plane of the surface.
 The scale of the texture on a surface can be changed in the dialog using the
button.
 Other materials and textures from the catalog can be allocated to a surface in
a 3D view in the usual way using drag and drop.
Page 453
3D-Grid Elements, facade claddings, etc.
 Modifying surface area: Selected surfaces in 2D views show ‘grips’, with

which the position and dimensions of the surface area can be changed, in the
same way as with 2D elements.
18.5 3D-GRID ELEMENTS, FACADE CLADDINGS, ETC.
18.5.1 General
3D-Grid elements are an extension of the plug surface designer and allow the
automatic generation of 3D elements in rows and columns. Single walls and surfaces
up to whole building facades 3D elements can be added with some few clicks. This
feature is kept neutral and so named because the possible applications are diverse.
• In addition to pure design with 3D elements you also get item lists of 3D grid
areas. Parts of the item lists are the individual 3D elements and the profiles
that optionally can be generated for the rows and columns. Identical 3D
elements are automatically grouped.
• Item lists can be exported as PDF, Excel or RTF file and then used as a basis
to collect offers or for your own calculations.
• With a single click you will get your own 2D view of the entire area in which
only the grid elements are displayed. These so-called front views, can be
completed with text, dimensions or other 2D elements and used as assembly
drawings. (This feature is not included in all versions questions. If necessary,
ask your dealer)
• 3D grid elements are suitable for all cases where products and elements are
placed in a uniform distribution, in columns and rows, e.g. for facade
cladding, insulation, tiled floor panels, wood panels, etc .. With just a few
clicks you get an indication and you do not have to look at all areas
separately, especially if there are openings such as windows and doors in the
fields.
• The generated 3D surfaces can be edited individually with different materials,
but also in column and rows.
• Each element can be further divided as needed and Sub-areas manage various
dimensions and materials.
• Between the rows and columns profiles can be generated automatically. The
profiles themselves are obtained from 2D drawings, as already used for the
sweep solids of the PlugIn 3D constructions. Profiles can also be self-drawn.
Page 454
18.5.2 Insert 3D-Grid elements, example for a facade:
For 3D-Grid elements the normal input variants of the surface planner also apply. In
addition there is the ability to capture all the walls of a facade with one click.
Start the tool "facade with plane selection"
Then move the mouse on the side of the building / façade that you want to “fill” with
3D elements. All walls in a plane are searched and displayed transparently. The wall
on which the mouse currently shows appears in red, but has at this point no further
meaning.
With a left mouse click, select the facade for entering the 3D-grid elements. First the
tool options dialog appears and a preview of the possible 3D elements is presented.
Page 455
At this time, the shown grid does not yet exist in the project, but only as a preview.
Any changes in the tool options dialog lead to an automatic recalculation of the
facade elements. Set row and column dimensions and the starting point of the
distribution. Once the facade is parameterized, a left mouse click in the 3D view
inserts the entire grid to the project.
18.5.3 Edit 3D-Grid elements
The grid fields and elements can be edited in whole, in rows or columns, or even the
individual elements. With a left mouse click, select the entire grid.
Page 456
In this case, the so-called row and column markers appear.

For a selected row, for example, double-clicking on this selection opens the
properties dialog of the row / elements.
On the property pages you can change the height of the row, either individually in
this case or for all and also change the sub-division of the elements.
Page 457
18.5.4 3D-Grid Element properties dialog
The Properties dialog shows a sketch, which serves as a preview and for editing. The
3D elements can be subdivided in the "Grid" group in up to 3 x 3 fields. If devided
into 3 rows the element changes as follows.
For further editing, you can select a single field in the sketch and modify its
properties, for example, a floor-high element the lower row with the sill height of a
window, the middle with the window height, etc .. Each sub-element may take its
own material.
Page 458
18.5.5 Edit materials on 3D-Grid fields
To modify materials and textures on 3D grids, a separate mechanism was created,

which allows you to implement the project more effectively than with the material
selector of the dialog.
Instead, you use the catalogue with textures and materials in the usual way, by
selecting a material and drag and drop onto the 3D grid. The software identifies
accurate, at which point you drop the new material and the following dialog appears.
Page 459
Here you can specify whether the material should only be used for the current target
element, or instead for the current row in which the item is located, the column or the
whole field.
The same mechanism is also used if you transfer a material with functions of the 3D
toolbar.
18.5.6 2D-Front views of 3D Grid fields
Note: this feature is not included in all products. If necessary, ask your dealer.
In addition to the 3D representation of the elements it may be necessary to create a

2D drawing with dimensions, comments, etc., which can also serve as a template for
the assembly.
With only one click you can create a special 2D view that only includes the 3D
elements of the grid. To do this, select the 3D grid field and choose "Open front
view" from the context menu.
Page 460
It automatically generates the mentioned 2D view and presents the elements. Further
editing with dimensions, texts, etc. is performed with the standard functions, such as
in sectional views also.
Page 461
18.5.7 Item lists of 3D-Grid elements, Export PDF-files,…
On the right side of the software, see a list of the 3D grid elements in the project, and
the possibility, along with sketches of the grid and each individual element to export
the item list as PDF, RTF or Excel file. Elements of identical dimensions are
summarized.
Page 462
3D Constructions
Some Examples for the Use of 3D Constructions
19 3D CONSTRUCTIONS
One of the most important and versatile features available is free-form 3D modelling,
which is included in the premium versions of the software. 3D modelling not only
offers you the possibility to construct your own 3D objects for the catalog, but also
increases the construction capabilities of the software over and above those provided
by the predefined building components already described.
3D constructions can be created by combining 3D elements, known as solids, of
which there are four different types.
 Primitives: Basic predefined solids e.g. cube, cylinder, pyramid.
 Extrusion solids: Created from a closed 2D contour for which a height is
specified.
 Rotation solids: Created from a closed 2D contour which is rotated about
a specified axis.
 Sweep solids: Created from a closed 2D contour which follows a defined
path.
Once solids have been created in this way they can be edited with further functions
such as merge and union, or using Boolean operations, to form new 3D
constructions.
3D constructions can then be selected and saved as 3D objects in the catalog over the
‘Output>3D formats>3D object’ menu, can remain unchanged in the project and be
saved with the project, or can be saved as individual entities in a special catalog.
Which procedure is most suitable for a particular application, together with the basic
functions and several obvious applications, is described with the aid of examples in
the following sections.
In addition to this manual we provide training videos on our web site under ‘Support’
to further demonstrate certain topics and input techniques, and also there, we are glad
to answer any user questions.
19.1 SOME EXAMPLES FOR THE USE OF 3D CONSTRUCTIONS
As already mentioned, applications for the use of 3D constructions are almost

unlimited. Obvious examples, apart from creating 3D objects for the catalog, are
construction and decorative elements on or around a building, such as:
 Carports
 Patio roofs
 Drainpipes
 Steel girders
 Balconies
 Moldings
Page 463
3D Constructions
 Baseboards
 Half-timbering
 Roads
 Fences
 ...
The following illustrations show a building with and without 3D constructions or 3D
objects created from 3D constructions, with the exception of the car, people and
trees, which come from the catalog.
The example with 3D constructions:
In this project the following types of solids were used:

Sweep solids: For the window, cornice and foundation moldings, the road and
pavements, the drainpipes, the balustrade parapet and the balustrade footing.
Rotation solids: For the balusters.
Extrusion solids: For the stoop, the canopy, parts of the fence and on various balcony
elements.
Primatives: Cubes for the balustrade pillars, spheres for the steps, cylinders for the
columns ....
The same project without 3D constructions:
Page 464
3D Constructions
An exterior balcony with sweep solids for the steel supports, the handrail and the
sides of the platform. The remainder is made up of cubes.
Page 465
3D Constructions
Example of a carport: From cubes and a sweep solid for the fascia board.
Page 466
3D Constructions
Rose arch: Cubes for the trellis and extrusion solids for the timber structure.
Page 467
3D Constructions
Various planters created from rotation solids:
Page 468
3D Constructions
Saving 3D Constructions / Catalog
19.2 SAVING 3D CONSTRUCTIONS / CATALOG
When a 3D construction is selected it can be saved in the catalog over the context
menu opened with a right mouse click.
All 3D constructions, including those provided with the software and the examples
shown previously, are saved in the construction elements catalog (directory

\AEC\Solids). If required, you can create in the normal way your own sub-directories
to save new 3D constructions. The files of 3D constructions have their own file
format *.solids. The directory in the catalog is called ‘Solids’, as is the folder in the
Page 469
3D Constructions
preview. As with 3D objects, 3D constructions can be easily inserted and positioned

when planning using drag and drop
Page 470
3D Constructions
19.2.1 Visibility of 3D Constructions and Subtraction Solids
Both elements can be set as visible or invisible under ‘3D Objects’ in the visibilities
dialog.
19.2.2 2D Representation of 3D Constructions
As with most other construction elements, 3D constructions use materials which

determine both their 3D and 2D representation. Here however, the 2D representation
is deactivated by default, since the normal filled or hatched representation would
interfere with modeling. If required, the 2D representation can be activated in the
dialog by ticking ‘Use 2D material display properties’.
Page 471
3D Constructions
19.2.3 Materials of 3D Constructions
Each component of a 3D construction uses basically its own material. Even if a

visualization material from the catalog is applied to a 3D construction using drag and
drop, internally a new material is created. If 3D constructions are merged or are the
result of Boolean operations, the materials for the complete structure are listed. This
list is shown in the dialog with a preview of the materials.
Page 472
3D Constructions
As already mentioned, new materials result from the use of drag and drop, but can
also be created directly by clicking on the ‘New material’ button in the dialog. The
name of the material can be changed if required in the materials dialog, activated by
clicking on the ‘Edit selected material’ button. A name can then be allocated to the
material to enable it to be more easily identified in the dialog.
An option is also provided to optimize the material list. With this option all identical
materials are combined as one. This means, however, that if the material is altered
the changes apply to all elements which use this material, which may well be the
intention.
An example: A 3D construction includes four steel supports on to each of which a
steel material from the catalog has been added individually via drag and drop. As a
result four separate materials are created in the list. This means that for future
changes a new material has to be dragged onto each of the four supports. If the list is
optimized these materials are combined as one, which is then common to all four
supports. If a new material is subsequently dragged onto one of the supports, then the
same material is automatically applied to all the other supports.
Page 473
3D Constructions
19.2.4 What to use - 3D Objects or 3D Constructions?
In many cases it is advisable to save user-created 3D constructions as 3D objects and

simply use them in the same way as other 3D objects. Reasons for this could be:
 Better performance
 Easier positioning and scaling
An example: We want to create a balcony with a balustrade. The balusters are
modeled using the functions available for rotation solids.
All 3D constructions included in the project are always completely reconstructed and
recalculated when the project is loaded or changes are made to them, whereas a
finished 3D object is simply loaded and displayed. The processing of the rotation
solids in this example would, depending on the system, take about 10 seconds each
time. On the other hand, loading the balcony from the catalog as a complete 3D
object only takes about 1 second.
It is therefore recommended that the balcony be constructed with the following steps:
1. Input the platform as a cube or extrusion solid.
2. Create a baluster as a rotation solid.
3. Save the baluster as a solid, in case it needs to be changed at a later point in
time.
4. Save the baluster as a 3D object in the catalog.
5. Input the balustrade footing as a sweep solid.
6. Position a baluster as a 3D object. Use the multiple copy function to create
further balusters.
7. Input the parapet as a sweep solid.
8. The balustrade pillars should also be created as solids, and saved and inserted
as 3D objects.
9. Now select all the components in a 2D plan view with the mouse using a
rectangle.
Page 474
3D Constructions
Performance, Resolution, Number of Surfaces
10. Save the complete balcony in the catalog over the ‘Output>3D formats>3D
object’ menu.
11. Since we have a mixture of 3D objects and 3D constructions it is not possible
to save the balcony in its entirety as a 3D construction in the catalog.
Therefore, the project file should also be saved for later changes.
19.3 PERFORMANCE, RESOLUTION, NUMBER OF SURFACES
With various rounded solids such as spheres and cylinders, and also with rotation
solids, it can easily happen that 3D objects with a large number of surfaces are
created which are not totally necessary, and which only serve to put an unnecessary
load on the system or make the task more difficult later. Therefore, it is advisable at
the start to check the number of surfaces of a 3D construction from time to time and
to adjust certain parameters, such as the number of segments for spheres and
cylinders, or the number of curved segments in the contour of a rotation solid, to
meet the actual requirements.
The model of a baluster is created from two cylinders with a diameter of 2 cm and a
sphere with a diameter of 4cm. If a sphere with the standard settings of 16 x 16
segments and two cylinders each with 16 segments are used, then the baluster as a
3D object has in total the following surfaces:
2 x 60 surfaces for the two cylinders
480 surfaces for the sphere
Total: 600 surfaces per baluster.
If 30 balusters are used for the banister, then alone this part of the banister has
18,000 surfaces. Surfaces that are not only represented in 3D, but which also have to
be calculated for a alternative 2D representation in plan views and 2D representation
in cross-sections.
If the setting for the cylinders is changed to 6 segments and for the sphere to 8 x 8,
then the allocation of surfaces is as follows:
2 x 20 surfaces for the two cylinders
112 surfaces for the sphere
Total: 152 surfaces per baluster.
That means 4,560 surfaces for 30 balusters, i.e. 13,440 less surfaces. With the small
diameters involved the difference would be hardly noticeable anyway, as long as a
close-up view of the banister is not calculated.
For each 3D object the number of surfaces is shown in its properties dialog.
Page 475
3D Constructions
2D Contours and Profiles, the Basis for Rotation, Sweep and Extrusion Solids
Therefore, depending on the model, always check the number of surfaces, and only
create those surfaces that are necessary for the particular application.
19.4 2D CONTOURS AND PROFILES, THE BASIS FOR ROTATION, SWEEP

AND EXTRUSION SOLIDS
To allow for 3D constructions various enhancements were made to the functions of

the 2D graphic plug-in. The most significant enhancements are:
 Adjustable segmentation for spheres, ellipses and arcs.
 Automatic generation of contours, i.e. the formation of closed polygons from
lines, polylines and arcs.
 Splitting polygons into line segments.
 Accurate scaling of polygons, 2D symbols and images.
Any contour can be created with the aid of these functions, and from it a solid for use
in modeling.
19.4.1 Saving Contours and Profiles
All closed polygons / contours, including the examples provided, are saved in the in
the construction elements catalog (directory \AEC\Profiles). If required, you

can create in the normal way your own sub-directories to save these files. The files
have their own file format *.profile. The directory in the catalog is called ‘Profiles’,
as is the folder in the preview. These files can be accessed in the dialog of sweep
solids, or be simply inserted and positioned when planning using drag and drop.
Profiles are then inserted as 2D polygons and are immediately available for creating
extrusion or rotation solids.
When a user-created contour or closed polygon is selected, it can be saved as a

profile in the catalog over the context menu opened with a right mouse click.
Page 476
3D Constructions
19.4.2 Inputting Contours, Creating Contours
Contours are either created automatically as the result of inputting a closed polygon,
or they can be generated from elements such as lines, polylines and arcs using the
‘Create contour’ function. A requirement for this is that the contour possesses
successive endpoints and can be eventually closed.
An example:
We require the following profile for a balustrade footing.
Page 477
3D Constructions
If necessary, we can create a construction aid with guidelines to enable accurate

input and ensure correct proportions.
The subsequent profile consists of two polylines and two arcs (input using 3 points),
whereby the ends of the polylines meet the end points of the respective arcs.
Once input has been completed the contour is created over the ‘Edit 2D Graphics’
toolbar or over the context menu, activated with a right mouse-click, when one of the
2D elements is selected.
Context menu:
Page 478
3D Constructions
Toolbar: In this case an element does not have to be selected. Once the tool has been
activated, the contour is created by positioning the mouse cursor over an element of
the contour, which is then highlighted. A left mouse-click now starts creation of the
contour.
Page 479
3D Constructions
If a valid contour is present it is automatically converted to a closed polygon and can

be saved as a profile or used directly to create rotation or extrusion solids.
Tip: A contour is generated even if the contour is not closed. In this way paths for
sweep solids can be created. However, non-closed contours cannot be saved as
profiles.
19.4.3 Performance, Number of Segments in Contours and Profiles
When arcs, circles or ellipses are being used, their segmentation should be adjusted
to suit requirements before they are input, see also the chapter ‘Performance,
Resolution, Number of Surfaces’. For instance, the number of segments of an arc has
Page 480
3D Constructions
the same effect on performance as the number of surfaces. In the previous example
the number of segments was set to 5, which is perfectly adequate for the application
described. Were an extrusion solid to be created from this contour, it would have 68
surfaces. If the arc had 32 segments the number of surfaces would be 248.
The number of segments can be changed at any time in 2D elements properties
dialogs.
19.4.4 Using Images as a Basis for Modeling
It can often be helpful to use photos or sketches of the model to be created, as a basis
for modeling. Here an example based on a door:
 Create with guidelines in a sectional view a rectangle with the required
dimensions e.g. 2.0 m x 1.0 m.
 Create a new layer and insert in this layer, in the rectangle created, an image
of the door using the ‘Insert image’ function of the 2D Graphics plug-in.
Page 481
3D Constructions
 Return to the layer in which the 3D construction is to be created. Allocating a

separate layer for the ‘Background’ has the advantage that the image can be
quickly switched on and off over the layer, and that the image cannot be
selected by mistake when planning.
 Depending on the door filling, the 3D solid can now be input directly over the
image, or appropriate contours can be inserted beforehand using further
guidelines or 2D elements.
Alternatively, an image can be inserted without guidelines and then scaled.

The following image is well suited as a basis for creating a 3D gate using sweep
solids.
Page 482
3D Constructions
To achieve this, the image must first be scaled to the correct dimensions, as
undefined dimensions and incorrect proportions result on insertion. First select the
image and then choose the ‘Adjust scaling’ function from the context menu.
The next step is to enter a dimension from the image as a reference dimension for
subsequent scaling. In this case we choose the horizontal value shown as 1800 and
define the length with two mouse-clicks on the dimension in the image. Hereby, keep
the ‘Ctrl’ key pressed to activate the angle grid and so guarantee an exact horizontal
measurement of the length. On the second mouse-click a dialog box appears in which
the current measurement is shown and allows input of the value from the drawing, in
this case 1.80 m.
A click on ‘OK’ ends the dialog and the image is scaled to the new dimensions. We
can now start inserting the sweep solids.
Page 483
3D Constructions
Primitives
19.5 PRIMITIVES
Provided here are various predefined 3D solids, which can be modified over their
specific properties. A specific property of a cone, for instance, is its variable radius.
Basically, all primitives could also be created as extrusion or rotation solids;
providing a predefined selection, however, makes input easier and is common in 3D
modelling programs.
19.5.1 Inputting Primitives
Primitives can be input and freely positioned with the function or by inputting a
rectangle which defines the width and depth of the solid. To freely position a
solid it is attached to the cursor and can be dropped with a left mouse-click.
The properties of a primitive can be modified before it is inserted, in the dialog
activated by a right mouse-click on its button, or over the properties context menu.
While a solid is being inserted the reference point to which the cursor is attached can
be changed by pressing ‘Ctrl+w’.
Insertion using a rectangle requires that a plane is defined with the first mouse
click. This plane can be selected in all views, however the results differ.
In a 2D plan view the cursor shows the currently calculated height before a plane is
selected, in this case the floor of an upper storey, the height being 2.8 m (the height
of the storey below) plus 8 cm for the floor of the room over which the cursor is
positioned, i.e. 2.88 m
Page 484
3D Constructions
Primitives
In a cross-section view the plane is located along the line of cut with which the view
was created. If a plane is selected in a cross-section view and a solid is inserted, the
result is as shown below. As a rule the solid must then be moved to its correct
position in a 2D plan view.
In 3D views the plane is specified by positioning the cursor over a chosen surface.
The resultant plane is then highlighted in red in the preview. This method saves
further editing, for example, when the plane is the inclined surface of a roof, since
the solid does not have to be subsequently positioned or rotated. With all solids, once
a plane has been selected, the view can be changed for input. Therefore, the height
can be determined in 3D and the solid can be input more accurately in 2D
An example: On the left the selected plane which is highlighted, and on the right a
cube inserted in this plane.
Page 485
3D Constructions
Extrusion Solids
19.6 EXTRUSION SOLIDS

To create an extrusion solid a contour must either be input manually as a closed
polygon ,or an existing contour can be used.
Input as a polygon can be performed in any view once a plane has been selected, see
also ‘Inputting Primitives’.
To select a contour simply move the cursor over a surface in 3D or over a closed 2D
contour, produced, for example, from a profile in the profile catalog.
When a surface or contour is detected, it is highlighted in red in the 3D preview and
outlined in green in 2D.
The solid is now created directly with a left mouse-click. The following extrusion
solids result for the examples shown.
Page 486
3D Constructions
Rotation Solids
19.7 ROTATION SOLIDS

Rotation solids are created by revolving a 2D contour about a specified axis.
Surfaces are generated along the contour to form the solid. This can best be
illustrated by a few examples, which all show, from left to right, the 2D contour, the
result after rotation in a cross-section view, and the resultant solid.
A baluster:
Page 487
3D Constructions
Rotation Solids
A planter:
A wine glass:
Several different 3D objects can be generated from a single 2D contour by varying

the segmentation and the angle of rotation.
Planter: On the left the contour and on the right after rotation with 24 segments and 4
segments respectively.
Page 488
3D Constructions
Rotation Solids
Baluster: On the left the contour and on the right after rotation by 360°, 180° and
270°, respectively.
19.7.1 Inputting Rotation Solids
Two steps are required to input a rotation solid. First position the mouse cursor over
a closed contour. When a contour is detected it is outlined in green. The contour is
selected with left mouse-click. Now the rotation axis has to be input. In the example
shown the contour was entered in a cross-section view. The first point of the rotation
axis is defined with a click on the bottom right corner of the contour Then the cursor
is moved vertically upwards keeping the ‘Ctrl’ key pressed to activate the angle grid,
to ensure that the axis is drawn accurately. The length of the axis, however, is not
important. The axis is completed with a second mouse-click and the rotation solid is
immediately calculated and created.
Here the process showing the individual steps from left to right:
 Select the contour.
 Input the rotation axis, the first, lower point has already been input.
Page 489
3D Constructions
Rotation Solids
If the rotation axis is not entered directly along the contour but instead at a distance
from it, the result is a solid with, in this case, a cylindrical opening in the middle.
Page 490
3D Constructions
Sweep Solids
19.8 SWEEP SOLIDS

Sweep solids result from ‘sweeping’ a contour along a predefined path. The path can
be defined in one of three ways.
 Polyline: Produces a sweep solid which is ‘open’ at the start and end, and
which can be used to create, for example, baseboards in a room which cannot
form a closed solid since they start and end either side of a door frame.
 Polygon: Produces a closed solid in which the end points meet and which
can be used to create, for example, ceiling moldings at the junction of wall
and ceiling.
 Contour / Path: Produces a solid which follows a contour or path made up
of 2D elements. Several individual 2D elements must first be combined to
form a contour. This option is useful for producing, for example, a path
consisting of lines and arcs, as would be required to create a drainpipe.
19.8.1 Inputting Sweep Solids
The first step for inputting a sweep solid using polylines or a polygon is to select a
plane in a 2D or 3D view. This is a very easy way to position a solid. For example, a
molding can be positioned underneath a ceiling by simply clicking on the ceiling
support.
The choice of profile can be performed directly on input, or can be specified or
changed any time later in the properties dialog for sweep solids.
Page 491
3D Constructions
Sweep Solids
A profile can be selected from the catalog components shown above the sketch in the
dialog.
Page 492
3D Constructions
Sweep Solids
The sketch shows the contour of the profile with its reference points. A reference
point can be selected in the sketch with the mouse. To enter a molding under a
ceiling, the reference point at the top left corner would be selected.
Page 493
3D Constructions
Sweep Solids
On or after input the profile can be rotated, scaled or its direction of input changed.
19.8.2 Polylines, Example for Baseboards
To input baseboards we first select in the 3D view the floor of the room as the plane
and confirm this with a left mouse-click.
Next, we select in the 2D plan view the left corner of the door frame as the first
point. For this purpose we have changed the 2D representation of the door from
standard to wire-frame in the door dialog under ‘Top view’.
Page 494
3D Constructions
Sweep Solids
Now we choose the profile of the baseboard in the solid’s properties dialog activated
over the context menu, opened with a right mouse-click. We select an ‘L’ profile and
modify the settings for width and height shown below the sketch. In the sketch we
select the bottom left corner of the profile as the reference point and close the dialog
with ‘OK’.
Page 495
3D Constructions
Sweep Solids
Finally, we ‘sweep’ the polyline over the corners of the room to the other side of the
door frame. The resultant sweep solid appears as a preview in 3D and 2D while it is
being created. A final mouse-click on the door frame, followed by ‘Enter’, completes
the input and creates the sweep solid.
Note: In the example shown, the dimensions of the baseboard were modified so that
it was more visible in the preview during input.
Page 496
3D Constructions
Sweep Solids
The finished baseboard:
Page 497
3D Constructions
Sweep Solids
19.8.3 Poylgon, Example for Ceiling Moldings
To input ceiling moldings we first select in the 3D view the ceiling support at the top
of a wall as the plane, and confirm this with a left mouse-click.
We begin input of a closed polygon by setting the first point at any corner of the
room. Now we choose the profile of the molding in the solid’s properties dialog
activated over the context menu, opened with a right mouse-click. We select a
‘Decoration’ profile and, if necessary, modify the settings for width and height
shown below the sketch. In the sketch we select the top left corner of the profile as
the reference point and close the dialog with ‘OK’.
Page 498
3D Constructions
Sweep Solids
Finally, we enter the polygon over the corners of the room. The resultant sweep solid
appears as a preview in 3D and 2D while it is being created. ‘Enter’, completes the
input and creates the sweep solid.
The preview during input:
Page 499
3D Constructions
Sweep Solids
The finished molding:
19.8.4 Contour / Path , Example for a Drainpipe
First, we define the contour of the drainpipe in a cross-section view using 2D

elements from the 2D Graphics plug-in, i.e. lines and arcs. It is important that the end
Page 500
3D Constructions
Sweep Solids
points of the 2D elements meet, as otherwise a contour or path cannot be created.

The following example shows the contour made up of two lines and two arcs (input
with 3 points). On input, the number of segments for the arcs was set to 6, see the
chapter ‘Performance, Number of Segments’.
Now select one of the 2D elements and click on ‘Create contour’ in the context
menu.
Page 501
3D Constructions
Sweep Solids
The resultant contour:
Page 502
3D Constructions
Sweep Solids
Next we choose ‘Contour / Path’ as input option for the sweep solid and position
the cursor over the contour, which is highlighted in green as soon as it is detected.
Page 503
3D Constructions
Sweep Solids
A left mouse-click completes the input and creates the sweep solid. Finally, a
suitable profile for the drainpipe can be selected and modified in the properties
dialog.
Page 504
3D Constructions
Subtraction Solids
19.9 SUBTRACTION SOLIDS
As the name implies, subtraction solids are intended for subtraction from other solids
using Boolean operations. ‘Cube’ and ‘Plane’ are provided as standard subtraction
solids in the toolbar of the 3D Construction plug-in, and further, it is possible to
convert existing 3D constructions to subtraction solids. This function is available
over the context menu when a 3D construction is selected.
The above-mentioned subtraction solids are generally valid globally for the entire
project and all its components. These subtraction solids are not intended for use in
modeling. For modeling, other mechanisms such a Boolean operations are provided.
An example, the ‘Cube’ subtraction solid in a building:
Page 505
3D Constructions
Subtraction Solids
In the example shown the cube was subtracted from all layers of the building. In the
view on the left the cube is still visible, while on the right it is set as invisible in the
visibilities dialog. The cut-out representation, however, has no effect on the 2D
representation in the plan view.
Tip: Processing for such operations is very complex, and depending on the project
can take several minutes. Before creating such views the project should first be
saved, as depending on the system the available main memory is also an important
factor.
The scope of the subtraction can be set in the properties dialog for a subtraction
solid. Here can be specified which types of construction element and which layers
are to be affected by the subtraction solid.
Page 506
3D Constructions
Subtraction Solids
Planes remove elements dependant on the direction in which they are input, i.e. to the
right of their direction of input. Therefore, the direction of input of a plane can be
subsequently changed using the ‘Invert direction’ button in the dialog, or over the
context menu.
Page 507
3D Constructions
Subtraction Solids
An example with the direction of input reversed:
Page 508
3D Constructions
Subtraction Solids
19.9.1 Converting 3D Constructions to Subtraction Solids
Any 3D construction in the project can subsequently, when it is selected, be

converted to a subtraction solid over the context menu activated with a right mouse-
click.
After the conversion has been performed the solid is shown in red, becomes
transparent, and automatically intersects the specified elements in the layer in which
it was input. It retains the properties of the original solid, and the options for
specifying the types of construction element and layers to be intersected are added to
the properties dialog.
Page 509
3D Constructions
Subtraction Solids
19.9.2 Examples of the Use of Subtraction Solids
We would like to show here a few examples of the use of subtraction solids.
Generally, before a subtraction solid is input it is important to consider in which
layer it is to be inserted. This particularly affects the processing time required for the
3D model.
An example: We want to use a subtraction solid, for example a wedge for a ramp, to
remove a part of the 3D terrain. In this case the solid should be input directly in
the‘Environment’ layer. The default settings for the subtraction solid to only include
elements in the current layer, mean that it intersects automatically with the terrain,
and only the terrain. If the solid were to be input in the ground floor of the building
instead, and only later the ‘Environment’ layer activated in the properties dialog of
the subtraction solid, it would mean nevertheless that it initially intersects all
elements of the ground floor. An action that is not necessary in this case and which
only costs processing time.
19.9.3 Example of a Subtraction Solid in the Terrain
In this example input consists of the following steps:

 Draw a 2D contour for the cross-section of the construction pit and save it as
a profile.
 Switch to the ‘Environment’ layer.
 Input a sweep solid as a closed polygon with the profile of the construction
pit.
 Convert the sweep solid to a subtraction solid.
 Set the subtraction solid as invisible in the visibilities dialog.
The dialog for the sweep solid showing the profile of the construction pit:
Page 510
3D Constructions
Subtraction Solids
The view after the sweep solid was converted to a subtraction solid:
Page 511
3D Constructions
Subtraction Solids
Setting the subtraction solid to invisible:
Page 512
3D Constructions
Subtraction Solids
The result:
19.9.4 Example of a Subtraction Solid in Roofs
In this example input consists of the following steps:

 Input a cube in the upper storey.
 Convert the cube to a subtraction solid (left illustration).
 Create, for example, a pyramid as a skylight.
 Set the subtraction solid to invisible in the visibilities dialog.
Page 513
3D Constructions
Editing / Boolean Operations
19.10 EDITING / BOOLEAN OPERATIONS
The functions for editing 3D constructions are found in the toolbar of the same name,
and in the context menus when a 3D construction is selected.
Both options differ somewhat in their usage. For instance, if the ‘Difference’
function is selected over the toolbar, two operands must be specified using the
mouse. When the cursor is positioned over the 3D construction it becomes
transparent. Here the process from left to right; the first operand is the cylinder, the
second operand the cube, and the result is that the cube is subtracted from the
cylinder (the material was changed subsequently).
Alternatively, the ‘Difference’ function can be activated over the context menu; first
select the cylinder to set it as the first operand, and then select the cube.
Page 514
3D Constructions
19.10.1 Merge / Union
To be able to process a 3D construction as an entity, we as a rule need not only to be

able to trim solids but also to merge or unify them. The difference between these two
operations is shown in the following illustration. On the left the result of the ‘Merge’
function, on the right the result of the ‘Union’ function:
Page 515
3D Constructions
To put it simply, both solids remain unchanged when they are merged and only form
an entity for further processing, whereas when solids are unified the parts and
surfaces which are common to both solids are removed.
The following is a general rule for our 3D modelling functions:
 Solids, which do not penetrate each other, must be merged.
 Solids, which penetrate each other, must be unified.
As we can see, the illustration above is not quite correct and only serves to
demonstrate the operations.
When one the two functions is activated, the software attempts to establish which of
the two operations is best suited for the particular case and then performs internally
the function which it has determined. It can therefore happen that the ‘Merge’
function was selected but internally the solids are processed with the ‘Union’
function. This may not always be correct, as for performance reasons the function is
determined based on the bounding box of the objects. If this results in incorrect
processing then the type of operation should be changed in the ‘3D construction’
dialog.
Multiple 3D constructions can be merged in one operation by keeping the ‘Shift’ key
pressed during selection. The solids which have been selected for the operation are
outlined in green. The operation is completed by pressing ‘Enter’
Page 516
3D Constructions
19.10.2 Separate
3D constructions, which have been merged or are the result of Boolean operations,
can be dismantled again using the ‘Separate’ function. The 3D construction is
dismantled starting at the top of its hierarchical structure. Depending on the depth of
the structure it may be necessary to use the ‘Separate’ function several times in order
to dismantle the entire structure.
19.10.3 Intersection
The result of this operation is a solid which represents the common part of the two
operands. In the case of two spheres which intersect, the result is a lens.
Page 517
3D Constructions
19.10.4 Difference
Probably one of the most often used operations is ‘Difference’. This enables one 3D
construction to be subtracted from another.
Here an example with a cube and a cylinder, whereby, from left to right, the cube is
selected as the first operand, the cylinder as the second operand and the result.
Page 518
3D Constructions
19.10.5 Trimming at a Plane
Another operation, which can be very useful for 3D construction, is the trimming of
a solid at a plane. The plane is selected from the surrounding 3D scene with a mouse-
click.
We can best demonstrate the procedure with an example.

We want to construct a carport and have first created a post with an upper brace
using cubes. We now have the following 3D construction:
The braces must now be trimmed where they meet the post and also to match the
height of the post. First we select the operand and then the surface / plane, at which it
is to be trimmed.
On the left the selected operand and on the right the selected plane, in this case, the
side of the post.
Page 519
3D Constructions
We then repeat the procedure for the brace on the other side. The result now looks
like this:
The braces must now be trimmed to match the height of the post. To select the plane
we could use the beam above the post, which has been added here as an example.
First, however, we select both braces so that the trimming operation only has to be
performed once.
As the plane we select the underside of the beam.
Page 520
3D Constructions
The result;
Page 521
Quantities
General
20 QUANTITIES
20.1 GENERAL
The plugin for the determining the quantities of surfaces and materials is integrated
within the catalog and the project panel.
The dialog lists the elements used in the project in two ways: sorted by building e.g.
buildings, floors, etc., or sorted by type, e.g. walls, windows etc. The sort method is
determined by the buttons at the top of the panel.
On the right you have a list of elements that determines which elements are to be
displayed. This applies both to the elements in the dialogue as well as the elements
listed in the output.
20.2 IDENTIFYING THE ELEMENTS
When you select an item from the tree on the right side, it also becomes selected in
the views. This enables you to identify visually the component in your project.
Page 522
Quantities
Element Properties
The reverse also applies. Select an item in the plan and the corresponding component
is selected in the tree and its properties are displayed.
20.3 ELEMENT PROPERTIES

For each element in the project the properties are evaluated and calculated. The
elements properties and values are displayed at the bottom of the dialog.
Page 523
Quantities
Output of Results List
20.4 OUTPUT OF RESULTS LIST

At the bottom of the toolbox you will find the Result List button to display the results
in PDF, RTF, or Excel format.
Page 524
Quantities
Additional area calculation for facades, roofs, etc.
A dialog containing the results will open, with the elements listed separately on a tab.
Some elements, for example Walls, will contain additional information that can be
expanded using the + sign.
The "Print" button will start the print function in the familiar steps:
 If necessary, select a template to define the layout of the content.
 You can save the report by specifying the file name and selecting the output
format (PDF, RTF, Excel).
20.5 ADDITIONAL AREA CALCULATION FOR FACADES, ROOFS, ETC.
The software allows a number of surface investigation, which is usually created via
the export menu- reports-...
A simple method for determining the area of a single facade you get when you select
a wall and use the context menu, right-click "Calculate facades" choose.
Page 525
Quantities
You will get a dialog that allows you to determine the areas of deductible opening
areas.
Anschließend zeigt der folgende Dialog die automatisch zusammengefassten

Flächen.
Hinweis: es werden nur solche Wandflächen zusammengefasst, die exakt
übereinander bzw. in einer Ebene liegen. Sollten Sie an dieser Stelle kein oder nur
ein lückenhaftes Ergebnis sehen, wäre zunächst die Lage der Wände in den
Geschossen zu prüfen.
Das dargestellte Ergebnis sowie die Flächen der einzelnen Wände können Sie wie
gewohnt über den Button Ergebnisausgabe als PDF, RTF oder Excel Datei
exportieren.
In manchen Versionen gibt es auch eine automatische Ermittlung aller
Gebäudeseiten und deren Ausgabe in einem gemeinsamen Dokument.
Then the following dialog shows the automatically combined surfaces.
Note: it summarizes only those wall areas that are exactly one above the other and in
a plane. If you see at this point no or an incomplete result, you should check the
position of the walls on the floors.
The shown result as well as the surfaces of the individual walls can be exported as
PDF, RTF or Excel.
Page 526
Quantities
In some versions there is also an automatic determination of all sides of the building
and its output in a common document.
Report examples for facades and roof surfaces:
Page 527
Quantities
Page 528
Quantities
Page 529
Export Menu
Outputting reports
21 EXPORT MENU
The ‘Export menu shows all reports, data formats for export, and any further options
for outputting data, that are provided not only by the basic version, but which may
have been added by plug-in extensions.
21.1 OUTPUTTING REPORTS
Basically, the basic version provides various formats in which lists can be output.
The procedure is always the same and can be demonstrated as follows using a timber
list.
First of all a dialog is opened in which the template file is selected. Template files are
found in the directory ‘\Templates’. In this example click on the field ‘Template file’
and open the template ‘Timberlist.lst.*’ over the ‘Open file’ dialog. If you wish to
always use the same template for output, you can save the directory and name of the
file with the ‘Save as default’ button. In future, the dialog is then opened
automatically with the default template.
If the ‘Display output file’ option is checked, after the file has been saved, the
program which is associated with the file format is started directly and the list
displayed. For instance, if the template file is saved in PDF format, as a rule the
associated ADOBE program would be started.
The ‘Output list’ dialog is terminated with ‘OK’ and the ‘Save report file’ dialog is
then opened. Here you can enter the desired file name and select the file format from
a drop-down list. Normally PDF, RTF, Excel and HTML formats are available.
Page 530
Export Menu
Outputting reports
After the file name and format have been specified, the list is generated.
Page 531
Export Menu
Editing Lists, Creating User Templates
21.2 EDITING LISTS, CREATING USER TEMPLATES
The ‘Start Designer’ option is also provided when generating lists. If a template has
been selected, then on terminating the dialog instead of the list being generated, the
Designer is started to define the layout of the list. As well as the template (*.lst file),
certain variables and fields are also passed to the Designer for use in the list.
The program for processing lists provides all the essential elements required to
design output lists. You can convert existing layouts yourself to suit your own
business stationary, and also create several different templates for a particular
category of output, e.g. estimates or invoices.
On the right-hand side the Designer presents a list of variables. These variables are
filled by the software with the current values for the project when a list is generated.
The upper part consists of fixed variables, which refer to the properties of the project,
e.g. name and address of the planer. All variables can simply be moved with drag
and drop from the list of variables to the document, and positioned and formatted as
required.
Additionally, fields defined for the contents of a table are shown. You are not forced
to accept all the predefined fields and can delete existing fields. However, inserting
additional fields into the table is not possible as such, since data for these fields
would not be available in the software. If this is required please contact us.
Detailed information on the use of the Designer are contained in the manual and the
help file for the program, which are included.
Page 532
Export Menu
Outputting 3D Formats
21.3 OUTPUTTING 3D FORMATS
Output of 3D formats is always dependant on the contents of the current 3D view. If

a 3D view is not active then no data will be exported.
By means of the visibilities and/or the visible categories of the 3D view which is to
be exported, it is possible to control whether the complete view or only certain parts
of it should be exported as a 3D object. Thus, it not only to possible to save
individual results, e,g a roof or a staircase, for further use in other programs, but also
to extend your own catalogs by exporting objects.
Apart from settings for visibility, you are also offered, once the file name of the
object to be saved has been specified, a range of options which affect, amongst other
things, the way an object later behaves.
Using the feature for multiple selection, by clicking on several objects one after the
other while holding down the shift key, one or more objects, including furnishings,
can be chosen for export. Once the objects have been selected, they can be exported
using the ‘selected objects only’Option.
‘Combine materials‘ makes the editing of exported objects in other programs easier.
Even more important is the option, ‘Combine sub-objects with identical materials’. If
for example, you have a room with four walls which you save as an object, then each
side of a wall will be exported as a single sub-object, i.e. in total at least 16 objects.
In this case, it would then in fact be possible to subsequently assign different
materials or textures to each side of each wall of the resultant object, but this would
have to be done at least four times, in order just to assign a new material to the
exterior surfaces of the walls. If you know in advance that this feature is not required,
you can merge the sub-objects for the sides of the walls on export. All wall surfaces
then have common properties which can be changed collectively in the object.
Page 533
Export Menu
Outputting 3D Formats
The object is saved with a click on ‘OK’. According to the selected format, all
necessary textures are also exported to the target directory. If for example you save a
house as a ‘3DS’ object, you will find in the target directory the file ‘Haus.3ds’ and
all textures and images that are referred to in the it.
If you save objects in the directory ‘\Objects’, they can be used directly when
planning.
Note: available export formats are depending on the version you have purchased
Page 534

Manual

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Manual

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Manual

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Introduction

3.9.1 Exterior Walls ....................................................................................... 59

4.9 Align Function ............................................................................................................. 104

4.15 Presentation and Sketch Views ......................................................................................... 128

6.1.1 Windows/Doors/Skylights/Walls ............................................... 138

6.1.2 3D Objects .................................................................................. 138

6.1.3 Textures ...................................................................................... 140

6.1.4 Materials ..................................................................................... 140

6.1.5 2D Symbols ................................................................................ 141

7.5.1 Copying and mirroring a building ...................................................... 169

8.2 Guidelines .................................................................................................................. 192

8.9.3 Editing automatic item texts ............................................................... 217

9.7 Ceilings ...................................................................................................................... 269

9.14 Solar Elements .......................................................................................................... 304

10.2 Dormers ................................................................................................................... 322

13 Solar plants .................................................................................................................... 360

13.1 Roof-mounted solar plants ....................................................................................... 360

18 Surface Editor Plug-in ........................................................................................................... 447

18.1 Defining Surface Areas ........................................................................................... 447

18.5 3D-Grid Elements, facade claddings, etc. ................................................................ 454

19.10 Editing / Boolean Operations ......................................... 514

19.10.2 Separate ............................................................................................ 517

A comprehensive library of 3D objects from all areas of life makes possible a

Virtual project planning, visualisation and costing based on manufacturer’s catalogs,

2.1 RIBBONS OR TOOLBARS

2.1.1 Selection of input options in a ribbon version

2.1.2 Editing selected elements

2.1.3 Buttons and Menu Last actions

2.1.5 Switching between a Ribbon and a Toolbar version

2.2 DOCUMENTS AND VIEWS

2.3 LAYOUT OF THE USER INTERFACE

Example for support:

2.5 CATALOG AND PROJECT ADMINISTRATION

2.6 FEATURES OF OUR DIALOGS

Open the Help file

Open or close the 3D preview

Creates a neutral template in dialogs which save files, e.g. Materials

Opens a file, e.g. (*.mat) in the Materials dialog

Saves a file, e.g. (*.mat) in the Materials dialog

2.6.1 Catalog Selection in our dialogs

2.6.2 Material Selection and Texture Coordinates

The software distinguishes basically between building materials and visualisation

2.6.3 Properties and Representation of Building Materials

2.6.4 Calculations in Input Fields

2.6.5 Text Properties

2.6.6 Layer construction of Building Components

2.6.7 Selecting Colours, Defining your own Colours

2.7 INPUT AIDS

2.7.1 Insertion using ‘Ctrl+ w’, Changing Reference Points

2.7.2 Construction support

2.7.3 Example of the Use of Construction Aids

2.7.4 Example using Coordinates

A further construction aid is ‘Coordinates’. It can be used to position elements

2.7.5 Adjust, Insert and Delete Polygon-points

When selected, various polygonal elements such as ceilings, 2D graphic polygons

2.7.6 Angle grid

2.7.7 Move Selected Element, Move Selected Element with Reference

2.8 EDITING TOOLS

2.8.1 Delete and Select Wizards

2.9 MULTIPLE COPIES OF OBJECTS