Freedom of The Human Person Day 1

4th Quarter
Week 1: Day 1
Most Essential
Learning Competencies
Evaluate and exercise

prudence in choices. Natatasa
kung siya ay maingat sa
pagpapasya o hindi
(PPT11/12-IIa-5.2)
Realize that:
a. Choices have consequences.
b. Some things are given up
while others are obtained in
making choices
Nakikilala na:
a. May kahihinatnan ang bawat
pagpili.
b. May binibitawan at may
makukuha sa bawat pagpili.
Learning Objectives
W
H
A Freedom is a social and
T political concept that has great
significance in how people
I participate in society.
S
The concept of freedom
F
R emerged as an important
E philosophical issue in 18th-
E century Europe during the Age
D of Enlightenment.
O
M
During the Age of Enlightenment, intellectuals
pondered the origins of society and the state and the
nature of human freedom.
Enlightenment thinkers believed that early man existed

in a “natural state” and had absolute freedom.
However, the establishment of societies required
people to surrender some of their freedom in order to
live in harmony with others and ensure the survival of
society.
Freedom in a political and
social context means the
freedom of an individual from
oppression, compulsion, or
coercion from other persons,
an authority figure, or from
society itself.
Realize that “All
Actions Have
Consequences”
a. Aristotle
b. St. Thomas Aquinas
c. St. Thomas Aquinas:
Spiritual Freedom
Freedom of the Human Person
- It highlights freedom from

the intellectual, political,
spiritual, and economic
aspects.
- To be free is a part of
humanity’s authenticity.
- Freedom consists of going
beyond situations such as
physical or economic.
Realize that “All Actions
Have Consequences”
- Moral acts, which are
always particular acts, are
in our power to initiate
and engage, and we are
responsible for them.
Aristotle
➢ Reason can legislate, but only
through will can its legislation be
translated into action.
➢ The task of practical intellect is to
guide will by enlightening it; will is
to be understood wholly in terms of
intellect.
➢ If there were no intellect, there
would be no will.
➢ The happiness of every human
being is in his own hands, to
preserve and develop, or to
cast away.
- Reason can
- For Aristotle, a legislate, but only
human being is through will can its
rational; reason is a legislation turned
divine characteristic. into action
- The will of humanity is b. The common testimony of
an instrument of free all human beings;
choice and borne out
by: c. The rewards and
punishment of rulers; and
a. Our inner view
awareness of an aptitude d. The general employment
to do right or wrong; of praise and blame.
B. St. Thomas Aquinas Know the Philosopher
• Was a Catholic priest in the

Dominican Order and one of the
most important Medieval
philosophers and theologians.
• He gives five proofs for God’s
existence as well as an explication
of His attributes. He argues for the
actuality and incorporeality of God
as the unmoved mover and
describes how God move through
His thinking and willing.
B. St. Thomas Aquinas
Love is Freedom
- St. Thomas Aquinas considers the
human being as a moral agent.
- We are both the spiritual and body
elements. (The unity between both
elements indeed helps us to
understand our complexity as
human beings.)
- Our spirituality separates us from
animals; it delineates moral
dimension of our fulfillment in an
action.
- St. Thomas believed that in the
plan of God, a human being has to
develop and perfect himself by
doing his daily tasks and
cooperation with God.
Fourfold Classification of Law
by Aquinas
1. Eternal law is the decree of
God that governs all creation.
2. Natural law is the human

“participation” in the eternal law
which is discovered by reason.
(Natural law is based on “first
principles” – it states that nothing
exists without a sufficient reason
for its being and existence.)
3. Human law is man-made law
that should not only be obeyed
but also obeyed voluntarily and
with understanding.
4. Divine law deals with interior

disposition as well as external
acts and ensures the final
punishment of all evildoings.
(The analysis of the divine law
is the function of theology.)
St. Thomas Aquinas: Spiritual
Freedom
St. Thomas Aquinas establishes
the existence of God as a first
cause of all God’s creations,
human beings have the unique
power to change themselves and
things around them for the better.
As humans, we have a
conscience because of our
morality.God is love and love is
our destiny.
Freedom also entails the recognition of
certain rights and entitlements of persons.
Legal rights are Theological views

Natural rights rights that are based define freedom as
refer to rights that on society’s customs freedom from sin and
are innate in the and laws and are living a life of
person such as the enacted by legislation righteousness.
right to life and enforced by a
government.
Christians define freedom in the
context of living in accordance
with the will of God.
Three Kinds of
Physical
Freedom Freedom
Psychological Moral
Freedom Freedom
Physical Freedom
This is the first type of freedom that

comes into mind when talking
about freedom. It refers to the
absence of any physical restraint
and the freedom of mobility to act
and go whatever, whenever, and
wherever he or she pleases.
Psychological Freedom
Moral Freedom
This refers to using freedom in a manner that
upholds dignity and goodness. Freedom is not
an object that a person may use in whatever he
or she pleases. A person becomes freer when he
or she uses freedom well but becomes less free
when he or she uses it in a bad way. Humans
have a natural inclination for what is true and
good and when a person uses his or her
freedom to do acts that violate human dignity
and goodness, he or she dehumanizes himself or
herself and effectively negates human freedom.
▪ Freedom gives us the choice to
undertake one of these possible
actions. It also enables us to come
up with new choices.
▪ The essence of freedom is that it

does not confine our actions to
those set or expected by others;
we can imagine our actions and
decide to undertake them.
Reflecting upon your actions will enable you to
know yourself better as a person. Your actions also
determine to uphold human dignity and freedom.
Freedom requires a degree of

control from the person who
exercises it.
“We are who we are because of the choices we
make.”
Life is a long journey, and, in this journey, we would likely
face the same situations again and again. Every repeated
choice that we make in the same scenario can develop
into a habit. If this habit continues, it becomes one of
your character traits.
REFERENCES
Introduction to the Philosophy of the Human Person
PIVOT IV-A Learner’s Material
Quarter 1, Version 1.0
First Edition, 2020
Published by: Department of Education Region IV-A
CALABARZON
Philosophy of the Human Person: An Introductory Text

for Senior High School
Copyright 2016
Loreto G. Camiloza, et.al
The Phoenix Publishing House, Inc.
Introduction to the Philosophy of the Human Person
Copyright 2016
Roberto D. Abella, M.Div., D. Min.
C & E Publishing, Inc.
https://www.pagecentertraining.psu.edu/public-
relations-ethics/core-ethical-principles/lesson-1-
title/ethical-orientations-axiology/
https://www.scribd.com/document/485282221/IntroPhilo
-Q2-Mod1-The-Freedom-Of-The-Human-Person-
Version2-pdf

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4th Quarter

Evaluate and exercise

Enlightenment thinkers believed that early man existed

- It highlights freedom from

• Was a Catholic priest in the

2. Natural law is the human

4. Divine law deals with interior

Legal rights are Theological views

This is the first type of freedom that

▪ The essence of freedom is that it

Freedom requires a degree of

Philosophy of the Human Person: An Introductory Text

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