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BIOMETRIC ELECTRONIC VOTING IN NIGERIA WITH BLIND

SINGURATURE

BY

ADEBAYO OLUWATOSIN MARY

0219047007604

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE, FACULTY OF NATURAL AND


APPLIED SCIENECS, NASARAWA STATE UNIVERSITY, KEFFI.
.CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background to the study

E- Voting is an automate and online or web- based voting system integrated


with biometric authentication. This type of voting system will guarantee that
the majority of the registered voters will cast their votes irrespective of their
locations or where they registered at. It will also ensure that the outcome the
election is credible free and fair and acceptable. Multiple election data can be
collected simultaneously from several polling units in real-time.
Election voting has attracted much interest recently and a variety of schemes
have been introduced .The voter encrypts his/her vote and then get the
encryption blindly signed by validator. The voter un-blinds the signature and
sends the encryption and the signature to a voting authority via anonymous
channel, for privacy. At the end of the voting period the authority posts all
encrypted and their blind signature on a bulletin board. Each voter checks that
his/her encrypted vote is on the board and then sends the description key to the
authority also anonymously. The authority decrypts the vote and pastes the
tally on the board .An average of blind signature election scheme is that their
communication and computation overhead fairly small even number voters is
large.
Voting theory formally began in the 18th century and ever since, many
proposal has been made towards using electronic technologies to improve
elections(Sobia, Ummer, Ayesha,Usman and Hassan, 2011). One of the
essential features of democracy is Election, democracy encourages individual’s
freedom with respect to the rulee of law, so the individuals can express their
opinion the way they wish, giving individuals the opportunity to decide their
leaders and uninhibitedly express their feelings on issues. Because of the All-
inclusive Affirmation of Human Rights in the year 1948 that puts import on
compelling circumstance of free elections, countries focus don an improved
and new voting process that are of significance to the election process in the
21st century. ( salomonsen, 2005).
Election is the process that enables individuals to choose their delegates and
express their feelings on the way they will be administered (Kohno,
Rubin,Stubblefield & Wallach, 2003)(Malkawi, Khasawnenh & Al-jarrah,
2009) and (Ashok&Ummal,2009)
Nigeria election process has been done manually (voting for local and
general elections done by electors with ballot papers and ballot boxes in which
the papers are placed) since returned to democratic rule in the year 1999, the
manual voting process was associated with a lot of problems and always
resulted to post- election violence (Yekini,Oyeyinka, Oiudipe & Lawal, 2012).
In Federal University of Technology, Minna, voting system is of two main
categories, Manual Voting System(MVS) and Electronic Voting System
( EVS).
The Manual Voting System (MVS) involves presenting eligible student with a
list of contestants on a paper called ballot paper, to mark against their favorite
contestants and the ballot paper in a box called ballot box, system of voting is
used for election. Manual voting system has some disadvantages, which
include possibility of placing the ballot paper in the wrong ballot box, votes
counting problem, lost of time when there happens to be some objections,
paper printing and expenditures done for personnel, for these reasons, it is
necessary to use the new technologies to make the election system faster,
economic are trustable because they trust that every vote will be tallied and
recorded correctly, the foundation of a genuine democracy (Ademand &Metin,
2011)
The Electronic Voting System ( EVS) involves presenting eligible people with
a list of contestants on a computer, to against their favorite contestants. The
improvement of information and communication technologies has allow for a
completely computerized election process where by counting of vote are
carried out in real time, that the results are automatically out by the end of the
elections day (Rubin, 2002)
1.2 Statement of the problem
As information technology evolves overtime, the need for the better, faster,
more convenient and secure electronic voting is essential requirement. The
security is one of the main concerns, such as authentication, confidentiality,
integrity, and non-repetition. It is not an easy task to achieve secure e- voting
system.
1.3 Aim and objectives of the study

This project aimed at the development of a windows application for the design
and implementation of an electronic voting system, with an embedded
fingerprint, for user’s authentication to the system.
The following are the objectives of the study:
I. To study the existing voting method use for election in Nigeria
II. To design a robust and secured system of voting using fingerprint
biometric recognition
III. To implement electronic voting system in Nigeria.
1.4 Significance of the study
The significance of the project are to improve confidentiality, integrity and
voters identification in voting process, to reduce the time and stress of
conducting manual election.
1.5 Scope of study
This project is purposely designed for Nigeria election.This is also will
produce;
I. By making sure only eligible voters have access to the system
II. Overcome the problem of illegal activities during election
III. Ensuring that voters have in the process of election
1.6 Limitation of the study
The system is also use to secure the vote with high level of security by
financial constrain are little impediment in the process of achieving a secured
database without fraudster interference.

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