Philippine Independence Kaye Ann C. Bartolome | BSECE - 4A background pact of biak na bato
The Biak-na-Bato Republic, established in 1897, was a pivotal moment in Philippine history. Marking a period of negotiations between Filipino revolutionaries and Spanish authorities, it aimed for independence through peaceful means.
Despite initial hopes for a lasting resolution, the
peace agreement eventually collapsed, leading to renewed hostilities. battle of manila bay
The battle took place in the Philippines, specifically in Manila
Bay, during the broader context of the Spanish-American War. The battle involved the United States Navy, led by Commodore George Dewey, and the Spanish Pacific Squadron, commanded by Rear Admiral Patricio Montojo. Even before the Battle of Manila, Aguinaldo already been meeting with the Americans in Singapore. The Initiator of the Philippine Declaration of Independence
EMILIO AGUINALDO Y FAMY
He was born on March 22, 1869 in Cavite el Viejo and died on February 6, 1964 in Quezon City, Philippines He came from a very wealthy and influencial family He joined the Katipunan in 1895 and used the alias Magdalo. He became the supreme leader of the Dictatorial Government when the Philippines became independent in 1898 and the President of the First Republic pursuant to the Malolos Constitution of 1899. Preparations for the Declaration of Independence
In an undated time, President Aguinaldo aimed to inspire resistance against the Spanish and gain international recognition by declaring Philippine independence.
JUNE 05, 1898
President Aguinaldo issued a decree designating June 12 as the day of the proclamation of Philippine independence. Commissioned Julian Felipe to compose a piece of music to be played during the ceremony. Preparations for the Declaration of Independence JUNE 10, 1898 Aguinaldo issued a decree appointing Ambrosio Rianzares Bautista as a “Special Commissioner” to write the Act of the Declaration of Independence.
JUNE 11, 1898
Julian Felipe presents draft of the piece to Aguinaldo. Felipe then played it on piano, Aguinaldo approves. Title of the piece was changed from "Marcha Filipina Magdalo" to "Marcha Nacional Filipina". Preparations for the Declaration of Independence JUNE 12, 1898 Philippine Independence was proclaimed. Location: Ancestral Home of General Emilio Aguinaldo. Time: Between four and five in the afternoon. Aguinaldo assigns Ambrosio Rianzares Bautista to read the declaration of independence to crowd. the ceremony
The ceremony featured the following:
The formal unfurling of the Philippine flag. The playing of the “Marcha Nacional Filipina” composed by Julian Felipe; The reading of the Acta de la Proclamacion de la Indepencia del pueblo Filipino which is written and read by Ambrosio Rianzares Bautista. The AUTHOR of the Philippine Declaration of Independence
AMBROSIO RIANZARES BAUTISTA Y ALTAMIRA
Lawyer Also known as Don Bosyong He is a distant relative of the Rizal family. He was the one who waved the Philippine flag. He penned some of the most important documents. Acta de la proclamación de independencia del pueblo Filipino ACT OF PROCLAMATION OF INDEPENDENCE OF THE FILIPINO PEOPLE characteristics
The document is 2000 word document.
It was signed by 177 people including a foreigner named Mr. L. M. Johnson, a Colonel of Artillery (as per historian - writer Jim Richardson). Originally written in Spanish. Original Transcript Written in Spanish
from the booklet of National Historical Commission of the Philippines (NHCP)
from the booklet of National Historical Commission of the Philippines (NHCP) from the booklet of National Historical Commission of the Philippines (NHCP) from the booklet of National Historical Commission of the Philippines (NHCP) from the booklet of National Historical Commission of the Philippines (NHCP) from the booklet of National Historical Commission of the Philippines (NHCP) translated version by sulpicio Guevara
from the booklet of National Historical Commission of the Philippines (NHCP)
from the booklet of National Historical Commission of the Philippines (NHCP) first part of the proclamation
"...taking into consideration, that their inhabitants being already weary of bearing the ominous yoke of Spanish domination, on account of the arbitrary arrests and harsh treatment practiced by the Civil Guard to the extent of causing death with the connivance and even with the express orders of their commanders, who sometimes went to the extreme of ordering the shooting of prisoners under the pretext that they were attempting to escape, in violation of the provisions of the Regulations of their Corps, which abuses were unpunished and on account of the unjust deportations, especially those decreed by General Blanco, of eminent personages and of high social position, at the instigation of the Archbishop and friars interested in keeping them out of the way for their own selfish and avaricious purpose, deportations which are quickly brought about. By a method of procedure more execrable than that of the inquisition and which every civilized nation rejects on account or a decision being rendered without a hearing of the persons accused." some Abuses during the spanish regime AS MENTIONED IN THE FIRST PART OF THE PROCLAMATION
Arbitrary arrest. Harsh treatment. Shooting of prisoners under the pretext that they were attempting to escape. Unjust deportations. why did the proclamation begin with an enumeration of abuses? The recollection of abuses under the Spanish Regime at the beginning of the Proclamation is intended to reinforce the need for independence and to illustrate the experiences of Filipino under Spain. The recollection also justifies the revolution against Spain; and The recollection provides a vision for the New Republic characterized by equality and peace. some narrations in the proclamation
Historical narrative from Magellan’s arrival to the Philippine revolution;
some narrations in the proclamation
Historical narrative from Magellan’s arrival to the Philippine revolution;
The spread of the movement (Katipunan) through different towns and provinces in Luzon (Manila, Cavite, Bulacan, Pampanga, Nueva Ecija, Bataan, Laguna and Batangas.). The spread of the revolt in the Visayas ensured the success of the revolution; some narrations in the proclamation
Historical narrative from Magellan’s arrival to the Philippine revolution;
The spread of the movement (Katipunan) through different towns and provinces in Luzon (Manila, Cavite, Bulacan, Pampanga, Nueva Ecija, Bataan, Laguna and Batangas.). The spread of the revolt in the Visayas ensured the success of the revolution;
Narration of the unjust execution of Dr. Jose Rizal, done to “please the greedy body of the friars in their insatiable desire to seek revenge upon and exterminate all those who opposed to their Machiavellian purposes, which tramples upon the penal code prescribed for these islands”. some narrations in the proclamation
Historical narrative from Magellan’s arrival to the Philippine revolution;
The spread of the movement (Katipunan) through different towns and provinces in Luzon (Manila, Cavite, Bulacan, Pampanga, Nueva Ecija, Bataan, Laguna and Batangas.). The spread of the revolt in the Visayas ensured the success of the revolution;
Narration of the unjust execution of Dr. Jose Rizal, done to “please the greedy body of the friars in their insatiable desire to seek revenge upon and exterminate all those who opposed to their Machiavellian purposes, which tramples upon the penal code prescribed for these islands”.
The Cavite Mutiny of 1872 and the infamous execution of Father Mariano Gomez, Jose Burgos, and Jacinto Zamora (GOMBURZA). the precidency of emilio aguinaldo
From the first part of the proclamation:
"In the town of Cavite Viejo, in this province of Cavite, on the twelfth day of June eighteen hundred and ninety-eight, before me, Don Ambrosio Rianzares Bautista, Auditor of War and Special Commissioner appointed to proclaim solemnize this act by the Dictatorial Government of these Philippine islands, for the purposes and by virtue of the circular addressed by the Eminent Dictator of the same Don Emilio Aguinaldo y Famy." the precidency of emilio aguinaldo
From the first part of the proclamation:
"In the town of Cavite Viejo, in this province of Cavite, on the twelfth day of June eighteen hundred and ninety-eight, before me, Don Ambrosio Rianzares Bautista, Auditor of War and Special Commissioner appointed to proclaim solemnize this act by the Dictatorial Government of these Philippine islands, for the purposes and by virtue of the circular addressed by the Eminent Dictator of the same Don Emilio Aguinaldo y Famy." the precidency of emilio aguinaldo
From the last part of the proclamation:
"We acknowledge, approve and confirm together with the orders that have been issued therefrom. the Dictatorship established by Don Emilio Aguinaldo whom we honor as the Supreme Chief of this Nation, which this day commences to have a life of its own, in the belief' that the is the instrument selected by God in spite of his humble origin, to effect the redemption of this unfortunate people, as foretold by Doctor Jose Rizal in the magnificent verses which he composed when he was preparing to be shot, liberating them from the yoke of Spanish domination in punishment of the impunity with which their Government allowed the commission of abuses by its subordinates.” the precidency of emilio aguinaldo
From the last part of the proclamation:
"We acknowledge, approve and confirm together with the orders that have been issued therefrom. the Dictatorship established by Don Emilio Aguinaldo whom we honor as the Supreme Chief of this Nation, which this day commences to have a life of its own, in the belief' that the is the instrument selected by God in spite of his humble origin, to effect the redemption of this unfortunate people, as foretold by Doctor Jose Rizal in the magnificent verses which he composed when he was preparing to be shot, liberating them from the yoke of Spanish domination in punishment of the impunity with which their Government allowed the commission of abuses by its subordinates.” explanation on the Philippine flag "And finally, it was unanimously resolved that, this Nation, independent from this clay, must use the same flag used heretofore, whose design and colors and described in the accompanying drawing, with design representing in natural colors the three arms referred to. The white triangle represents the distinctive emblem of the famous Katipunan Society, which by means of its compact of blood urged on the masses of the people to insurrection; the three stars represent the three principal Islands of this Archipelago, Luzon, Mindanao and Panay, in which this insurrectionary movement broke out; the sun represents the gigantic strides that have been made by the sons of this land on the road of progress and civilization, its eight rays symbolizing the eight provinces of Manila. Cavite, Bulacan, Pampanga, Nueva Ecija, Bataan, Laguna and Batangas, which were declared in a state of war almost as soon as the first insurrectionary movement was initiated; and the colors blue, red and white, commemorate those of the flag of the United States of North America, in manifestation of our profound gratitude towards that Great Nation for the disinterested protection she is extending to us and will continue to extend to us.” the philippine flag the philippine flag
It was designed by Emilio Aguinaldo.
Sewn by Marcela Marino de Agoncillo, Lorenza Agoncillo, and Delfina Herbosa de Natividad in Hong Kong. The Flag of the Philippines (1998 to Present Day) The Flag of the First Republic of the Philippines (1898 – 1901) The Flag of the Philippines
WHITE TRIANGLE represents the distinctive emblem of the famous Katipunan Society. The Flag of the Philippines
WHITE TRIANGLE represents the distinctive emblem of the famous Katipunan Society.
THREE STARS represents the three principal Islands of this Archipelago, Luzon, Mindanao and Panay. The Flag of the Philippines
WHITE TRIANGLE represents the distinctive emblem of the famous Katipunan Society.
THREE STARS represents the three principal Islands of this Archipelago, Luzon, Mindanao and Panay.
SUN represents the gigantic strides that have been made by the sons of this land on the of progress and civilization. The Flag of the Philippines
EIGHT RAYS OF THE
SUN WHITE TRIANGLE represents the eight provinces of represents the distinctive emblem Manila, Cavite, Bulacan, of the famous Katipunan Society. Pampanga, Nueva Ecija, Bataan, Laguna and Batangas.
THREE STARS represents the three principal Islands of this Archipelago, Luzon, Mindanao and Panay.
SUN represents the gigantic strides that have been made by the sons of this land on the of progress and civilization. The Flag of the Philippines
EIGHT RAYS OF THE
SUN WHITE TRIANGLE represents the eight provinces of represents the distinctive emblem Manila, Cavite, Bulacan, of the famous Katipunan Society. Pampanga, Nueva Ecija, Bataan, Laguna and Batangas.
THREE STARS represents the three principal COLOR BLUE, RED AND Islands of this Archipelago, WHITE Luzon, Mindanao and Panay. commemorate those of the flag of the United States of North America
SUN represents the gigantic strides that have been made by the sons of this land on the of progress and civilization. References
