PDPR Lesson 2.2

LESSON 2.
2
DEVELOPING
THE
WHOLE
PERSON
Today's Discussion
SOCIAL LEARNING
PSYCHOSEXUAL DEVELOPMENT
Terminologies
Psychosexual- The involvement of psychological
aspects of the sexual impulse.
Fixation- If certain conflicts remain unresolved, a

failure, leading to an unhealthy personality, can occur
Erogenous- The source areas of the human body the

when stimulated produce an erotic or sexual sensation
or reaction.
Libido- driving force behind a person’s behavior.

SOCIAL LEARNING
THEORY
BY: ALBERT BANDURA
ALBERT BANDURA
CANADIAN-AMERICAN
PSYCHOLOGIST
HE IS AN INFLUENTIAL SOCIAL COGNITIVE

PSYCHOLOGIST WHO IS PERHAPS BEST
KNOWN FOR HIS SOCIAL LEARNING
THEORY, THE CONCEPT OF SELF-
EFFICACY, AND HIS FAMOUS BOBO DOLL
EXPERIMENTS
BOBO
DOLL
BOBO DOLL EXPERIMENT
ALBERT BANDURA
CANADIAN-AMERICAN
PSYCHOLOGIST
HE BELIEVES THAT ONE'S

ENVIRONMENT INFLUENCES
ONE'S BEHAVIOR.
SOCIAL COGNITIVE THEORY
Describes the influence of individual experiences, the
actions of others, and environmental factors on
individual behaviors.
Social cognitive theory views people as active agents

who can both influence and are influenced by their
environment.
SOCIAL LEARNING THEORY
Proposed that learning occurs through observation,
imitation, and modeling and is influenced by factors
such as attention, motivation, attitudes, and
emotions.
SOCIAL LEARNING THEORY
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XHIhkM1cAv4
Core Concepts of Social Learning
Theory
People Can Learn Mental States Are Learning Does Not

Through Observation Important to Learning Necessarily Lead to Change
People Can Learn
Through Observation
One of the best-known experiments in the
history of psychology involved a doll named
Bobo. Bandura demonstrated that children
learn and imitate behaviors they have
observed in other people.
People Can Learn
Through Observation
Observational learning does not even
necessarily require watching another person
to engage in an activity. Hearing verbal
instructions, such as listening to a podcast,
can lead to learning. We can also learn by
reading, hearing, or watching the actions of
characters in books and films
THREE BASIC MODELS OF
OBSERVATIONAL LEARNING
A symbolic model,
A live model, A verbal
which involves real
which involves instructional
or fictional
an actual model, which
characters
individual involves
displaying behaviors
demonstrating descriptions and
in books, films,
or acting out a explanations of a
television programs,
behavior. behavior.
or online media.
Mental States Are
Important to Learning
Bandura noted that external, environmental
reinforcement was not the only factor to
influence learning and behavior. And he
realized that reinforcement does not always
come from outside sources. Your own mental
state and motivation play an important role
in determining whether a behavior is learned
or not.
Learning Does Not
Necessarily Lead to
Change
So how do we determine when something has
been learned? In many cases, learning can be
seen immediately when the new behavior is
displayed.
Learning Does Not
Necessarily Lead to
Change
But sometimes we are able to learn things
even though that learning might not be
immediately obvious. Observational learning
demonstrates that people can learn new
information without demonstrating new
behaviors.
Attention
Key Factors
for Social
Retention
Learning Motor Reproduction
Success Motivation
ATTENTION
In order to learn, you need to be paying
attention. Anything that distracts your attention
is going to have a negative effect on
observational learning.
RETENTION
The ability to store information is also an
important part of the learning process. Retention
can be affected by a number of factors, but the
ability to pull up information later and act on it is
vital to observational learning.
MOTOR REPRODUCTION
Once you have paid attention to the model and
retained the information, it is time to actually
perform the behavior you observed. Further
practice of the learned behavior leads to
improvement and skill advancement.
MOTIVATION
In order for observational learning to be
successful, you have to be motivated to imitate the
behavior that has been modeled. Reinforcement
and punishment play an important role in
motivation.
SELF-REGULATION
Controlling our own behavior - is the other "workhorse" of
human personality.
1. SELF-OBSERVATION - We look at ourselves, our behavior

and keep tabs on it.
2. JUDGEMENT - We compare what we see with a standard.
3. SELF-RESPONSE - Giving yourself a rewarding self-
response.
SELF-EFFICACY
A person's belief in their ability to complete a task or
achieve a goal. It encompasses a person's confidence in
themselves to control their behavior, exert an influence
over their environment, and stay motivated in the
pursuit of their goal.
People can have self-efficacy in different situations and

domains, such as school, work, relationships, and other
important areas.
PSYCHOSEXUAL
DEVELOPMENT
THEORY
BY: SIGMUND FREUD
SIGMUND FREUD
AUSTRIAN NEUROLOGIST
FATHER OF PSYCHOANALYSIS AND THE

FATHER OF MODERN PSYCHOLOGY
PSYCHOANALYSIS IS A TYPE OF TREATMENT

BASED ON THE THEORY THAT "OUR PRESENT
IS SHAPED BY OUR PAST".
The PRE-CONSCIOUS MIND consists of anything that
could potentially be brought into the conscious mind.
The CONSCIOUS MIND contains all of the thoughts,

memories, feelings, and wishes of which we are aware
at any given moment.
The UNCONSCIOUS MIND is a reservoir of feelings,

thoughts, urges, and memories that are outside of our
conscious awareness.
THEORY
It is the process during which personality and

sexual behavior mature through a series of
stages.
PSYCHOSEXUAL DEVELOPMENT THEORY
Freud, claims that as we grow up, we pass
through five critical phases which are defined by
our sexual drive, also called libido, concentrating
at specific erogenous zones.
The phases are called: oral, anal, phallic, latency,

and genital.
Erogenous zones-The soures areas of the human

body that when stimulated produce an erotic or
sexual sensation or reaction.
THEORY
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mhG-twzaE_g&t=200s
5 STAGES OF PSYCHOSEXUAL THEORY
1 The Oral Stage
2 The Anal Stage
3 The Phallic Stage
4 The Latent Stage
5 The Genital Stage

THE ORAL STAGE (0-1year)
Erogenous zone: MOUTH
The child focus on oral pleasure that's why rooting and

sucking reflex is important.
THE ANAL STAGE (1-3years)
Erogenous zone: BOWEL AND BLADDER CONTROL
The primary focus of the libido was on controlling bladder

and bowel movements. (Toilet training)
ANAL-EXPLUISIVE PERSONALITY (very lax/ not strict)
- a person can develop a messy, wasteful, or destructive
personality.
ANAL-RETENTIVE PERSONALITY (overly strict and harsh)
- a person develops a stringent, orderly, rigid and obsessive.
THE PHALLIC STAGE (3-6years)
Erogenous zone: GENITALS
Primary focus of the libido is on genitals.

OEDIPUS COMPLEX - describes these feelings of
wanting to possess the mother and the desire to
replace the father.
ELECTRA COMPLEX - has been used to describe a
similar set of feelings experienced by young girl
THE LATENT STAGE (6years-Puberty)
Erogenous zone: SEXUAL FEELING ARE INACTIVE
Libido interest is suppressed. Development of the ego

and superego.
The time the child will play mostly with the same sex.
It is also the time of exploration.
This stage is important in the dev't of social
communication skills and self-confidence.
EGO SUPEREGO
Ego is the common sense
which is defined as an
individual's reaction to his Superego is defined as
needs and consists of well- conscience, where an
organized sections inner voice is constantly
including reasoning, reminding the individual
tolerance, memory, to be good.
understanding, judgment
and planning.
THE GENITAL STAGE (Puberty-Death)
Erogenous zone: MATURING SEXUAL INTEREST
Sexual urges are once again awakened. Individual

develops a strong sexual interest in the opposite sex.
Ego and Superego were fully formed and functioning.
FIXATION - If certain conflicts remain unsolved, a failure,
leading to an unhealthy personality, can occur.
END OF
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LESSON 2.

Fixation- If certain conflicts remain unresolved, a

Erogenous- The source areas of the human body the

Libido- driving force behind a person’s behavior.

HE IS AN INFLUENTIAL SOCIAL COGNITIVE

HE BELIEVES THAT ONE'S

Social cognitive theory views people as active agents

People Can Learn Mental States Are Learning Does Not

Learning Motor Reproduction

1. SELF-OBSERVATION - We look at ourselves, our behavior

People can have self-efficacy in different situations and

FATHER OF PSYCHOANALYSIS AND THE

PSYCHOANALYSIS IS A TYPE OF TREATMENT

The CONSCIOUS MIND contains all of the thoughts,

The UNCONSCIOUS MIND is a reservoir of feelings,

It is the process during which personality and

The phases are called: oral, anal, phallic, latency,

Erogenous zones-The soures areas of the human

2 The Anal Stage

3 The Phallic Stage

4 The Latent Stage

5 The Genital Stage

Erogenous zone: MOUTH

The child focus on oral pleasure that's why rooting and

The primary focus of the libido was on controlling bladder

Primary focus of the libido is on genitals.

Libido interest is suppressed. Development of the ego

Sexual urges are once again awakened. Individual

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