Four Trests Vocabulary
Four Trests Vocabulary
Four Trests Vocabulary
1. Conjecture - an opinion or idea that is not based on definite knowledge and is formed by guessing
2. Impartial - not supporting one person or group more than another
3. Offhand - not showing much interest in somebody/something in a way that is rude or upsets
somebody
4. Mandatory - required by law
5. Circumvent - to find a way of avoiding a difficulty or a rule
6. Eclipse (v) - an occasion when the moon passes between the earth and the sun so that you cannot
see all or part of the sun for a time; an occasion when the earth passes between the moon and the
sun so that you cannot see all or part of the moon for a time
7. Fabricate - to invent false information in order to trick people
8. Exemplify - to be a typical example of something
9. Discernible - that can be recognized or understood
10. Inconclusive - not leading to a definite decision or result
11. Synchronization - the fact of happening at the same time or moving at the same speed as something
else; the act of making something do this
12. Hibernation - a state like deep sleep in which some animals spend the winter
13. Moderation - the quality of being reasonable and not being extreme
14. Contemporary - belonging to the same time
15. Lace - to be fastened with laces; to fasten something with laces
16. Repudiate - to refuse to accept something
17. Foretell - to know or say what will happen in the future, especially by using magic powers
18. Recant - to say, often publicly, that you no longer have the same belief or opinion that you had
before
19. Intimacy - the state of having a close personal relationship with somebody
20. Waver - to be or become weak or unsteady
21. Orchard -a piece of land, normally separated from the surrounding area, in which fruit trees are
grown
22. Assertion - a statement saying that you strongly believe something to be true
23. Meadow - a field covered in grass, used especially for hay
24. Renowned - famous and respected
25. Dignity - a calm and serious manner that deserves respect
26. Authenticity - the quality of being true or what somebody claims it is
27. Associate - to make a connection between people or things in your mind
28. Vegetation - plants in general, especially the plants that are found in a particular area or
environment
29. Proximity - the state of being near somebody/something in distance or time
30. Juvenile - relating to young people who are not yet adults
31. Cluster - a group of things of the same type that grow or appear close together
32. Acid - a chemical, usually a liquid, that contains hydrogen and has a pH of less than seven.
The hydrogen can be replaced by a metal to form a salt. Acids usually have a bitter sharp taste and
can often burn holes in or damage things they touch.
33. Terrain - used to refer to an area of land when you are mentioning its natural features, for example,
if it is rough, flat, etc.
34. Secrete (v) - (of part of the body or a plant) to produce a liquid substance
35. Spike - [countable] a thin object with a sharp point, especially a pointed piece of metal, wood, etc.
36. Lineage - the series of families that somebody comes from originally
37. Immense - extremely large or great
38. Thrive - to become, and continue to be, successful, strong, healthy, etc.
39. Rebut - to say or prove that a statement or criticism is false
40. Revolve - to go in a circle around a central point
41. Absence - the fact of somebody being away from a place where they are usually expected to be; the
occasion or period of time when somebody is away
42. Virtue - behaviour or attitudes that show high moral standards
43. Villain - he main bad character in a story, play, etc.
44. Instance - a particular example or case of something
45. Asset - a person or thing that is valuable or useful to somebody/something
46. Dwell - to live somewhere
47. Attach - to fasten or join one thing to another
48. Recruit - to find new people to join a company, an organization, the armed forces, etc.
49. Pioneer - a person who is the first to study and develop a particular area of knowledge, culture, etc.
that other people then continue to develop
50. Usher - a person who shows people where to sit in a church, public hall, etc
51. Royal - connected with or belonging to the king or queen of a country
52. Reign - the period during which a king, queen, emperor, etc. rules
53. Incorporate (v) - to include something so that it forms a part of something
54. Wary - careful when dealing with somebody/something because you think that there may be a
danger or problem
55. Sole - only; single
TEST1 MODULE 2
prevail—to exist or be very common at a particular time or in a particular place, to defeat an opponent,
especially after a long struggle
rebellion—an attempt by some of the people in a country to change their government, using violence
prescribe—to tell somebody to take a particular medicine or have a particular treatment; to write a
prescription (https://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/prescription) for a particular
medicine, to say what should be done or how something should be done
mild—not severe or strong, of weather) not very cold, and therefore pleasant
benign—kind and gentle; not hurting anybody, not causing damage or harm
peripheral—not as important as the main aim, part, etc. of something, connected with the outer edge of a
particular area
tranquilly—in a quiet and peaceful way
frame—to put or make a frame or border around something, produce false evidence, develop plan/system,
Weary—very tired, especially after you have been working hard or doing something for a long time
abide—cannot/could not abide somebody/something to dislike somebody/something so much that you hate
having to be with or deal with them
zealous—showing great energy and enthusiasm for something, especially because you feel strongly about it
pilgrimage — a journey to a holy place for religious reasons, a journey to a place that is connected with
somebody/something that you admire or respect
dismissive—dismissive (of somebody/something) showing that you do not believe a person or thing to be
important or worth considering
39.Altruistic — caring about the needs and happiness of other people and being willing to do things to help
them, even if it brings no advantage to yourself
41.Ingest — ngest something to take food, drugs, etc. into your body, usually by swallowing
(https://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/swallow_2#swallow_topg_1) (= making them
go down your throat)
44.Salinity — the fact of containing salt; the amount of salt contained in something
spike—thin object with a sharp point, especially a pointed piece of metal, wood, etc.
verse— writing that is arranged in lines, often with a regular rhythm or pattern of rhyme
(https://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/rhyme_1)
observant— good at noticing things around you, careful to obey religious laws and customs
nuance—a very slight difference in meaning, sound, colour or somebody’s feelings that is not usually very
obvious
stingray—a large, wide, flat sea fish that has a long tail with a sharp sting
(https://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/sting_1#sting_sng_1) in it that can cause
serious wounds
venom—the poisonous liquid that some snakes, spiders, etc. produce when they bite or sting
(https://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/sting_1#sting_sng_1) you
hiccup—a sharp, usually repeated, sound made in the throat, that is caused by a sudden movement of the
diaphragm (https://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/diaphragm) and that you cannot
control
involuntarily—suddenly, without you intending it or being able to control it, without the person involved
wanting it to happen
strenuously—in a way that needs or uses great effort and energy, in a way that is determined and shows great
energy
synchronization—the fact of happening at the same time or moving at the same speed as something else; the
act of making something do this
hibernation—state like deep sleep in which some animals spend the winter
discernible—that can be recognized or understood, that can be seen or heard, but not very clearly
unbiased—fair and not influenced by your own or somebody else’s opinions, desires, etc.
tendency—if somebody/something has a particular tendency, they are likely to behave or act in a particular
way,
distant—far away in space or time, distant (from something) not like something else
repudiate—to refuse to accept something, to say officially and/or publicly that something is not true
proclaim—to publicly and officially tell people about something important, to show something clearly; to be a
sign of something
recant—to say, often publicly, that you no longer have the same belief or opinion that you had before
distorted—pulled out of shape so that it looks strange; made to sound strange, of facts or ideas) presented in a
way that changes them so that they are no longer correct or true
companion— a person or an animal that travels with you or spends a lot of time with you, person who shares
your experiences, especially when these are particularly pleasant or unpleasant
tramp noun — person with no home or job who travels from place to place, usually asking people in the street
for food or money
frown verb — to make a serious, angry or worried expression by bringing your eyebrows closer together so
that lines appear on your forehead
rustle— if something dry and light rustles or you rustle it, it makes a sound like paper, leaves, etc. moving or
rubbing together
tenant noun —a person who pays rent for the use of a room, building, land, etc. to the person who owns it
bureaucracy—uncountable] (often disapproving) the system of official rules and ways of doing things that a
government or an organization has, especially when these seem to be too complicated
tremble— to shake in a way that you cannot control, especially because you are very nervous, excited,
frightened, etc.
legislator noun— a member of a group of people that has the power to make laws
reservation—an arrangement for a seat on a plane or train, a room in a hotel, etc. to be kept for you, a feeling
of doubt about a plan or an idea
Ignorant - (often disapproving) not having or showing much knowledge or information about things; not
educated
Envied - to wish you had the same qualities, possessions, opportunities, etc. as somebody else
Coveted - covet something to want something very much, especially something that belongs to somebody else
Seductive- sexually attractive, attractive in a way that makes you want to have or do something
nugget - a small piece of a valuable metal or mineral, especially gold, that is found in the earth
Snag -(informal) a problem or difficulty, especially one that is small, hidden or unexpected
reef -a long line of rocks or sand near the surface of the sea
inauspicious - showing signs that the future will not be good or successful
breast noun - either of the two round soft parts at the front of a woman’s body that produce milk when she
has had a baby
alight adjective - on fire, (formal) (of faces or eyes) showing a feeling of happiness or excitement
fellow adjective- used to describe somebody who is the same as you in some way, or in the same situation,
fellow citizens/students
perplexity- the state of f,eeling confused and worried because you do not understand something
enlargement—enlargement (of something) the process or result of something becoming or being made larger,
conflict— a situation in which people, groups or countries disagree strongly or are involved in a serious
argument
exposure—the state of being in a place or situation where there is no protection from something harmful or
unpleasant
indigenous— of people and their culture) coming from a particular place and having lived there for a long time
before other people came there; relating to, belonging to or developed by these people
bare—not covered by any clothes, just enough; the most basic or simple
patch— a small area of something, especially one which is different from the area around it
cluster— a group of things of the same type that grow or appear close together
2. Consolidate — consolidate (something) to make a position of power or success stronger so that it is more
likely to continue
3. Secretive — tending or liking to hide your thoughts, feelings, actions, etc. from other people
6. Delegate — a person who is chosen or elected to represent the views of a group of people and vote and
make decisions for them
7. Renounce — to state officially that you are no longer going to keep a title, position, etc.
10. Prevalence — the fact of existing or being very common at a particular time or in a particular place
12. Latent — existing, but not yet clear, active or well developed
13. Waive — to choose not to demand something in a particular case, even though you have a legal or official
right to do so
15. Disorienting — disorient somebody to make somebody unable to recognize where they are or where they
should go, to make somebody feel confused
18. Axe — a tool with a wooden handle and a heavy metal blade
(https://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/blade#blade_sng_1), used for cutting up
wood, cutting down trees, etc
19. Basin — a large bowl that has taps and is fixed to the wall in a bathroom, used for washing your hands and
face in
20. Conventional — tending to follow what is done or considered acceptable by society in general; normal and
ordinary, and perhaps not very interesting
21. Dense — containing a lot of people, things, plants, etc. with little space, difficult to see through between
them
22. Rotate — to move or turn around a central fixed point; to make something do this
23. Innate — (of a quality, feeling, etc.) that you have when you are born
25. Predate (v) — predate something to be built or formed, or to happen, at an earlier date than something
else in the past
29. Conspicuously — in a way that is easy to see or notice, or that is likely to attract attention
30. Volition — the power to choose something freely or to make your own decisions
1. Delay - period of time when somebody/something has to wait because of a problem that makes
something slow or late
2. Projection - an estimate or a statement of what figures, amounts, or events will be in the future, or
what they were in the past, based on what is happening now
3. Resilient - able to recover quickly after something unpleasant such as shock, injury, etc.
4. Dynamic - (of a person) having a lot of energy and a strong personality
5. Inadequate - not enough; not good enough
6. Withdraw - to take money out of a bank account
7. Invalidate - to prove that an idea, a story, an argument, etc. is wrong
8. Glide (v) - to move smoothly and quietly, especially as though it takes no effort
9. Restrained - showing calm control rather than emotion
10. Inexplicable - that cannot be understood or explained
11. Garment - a piece of clothing
12. Bargaining - discussion of prices, conditions, etc. with the aim of reaching an agreement that is
acceptable
13. Confer - to discuss something with somebody, in order to exchange opinions or get advice
14. Comply - to obey a rule, an order, etc.; to meet particular standards
15. Bosom - a situation in which you are with people who love and protect you ; a woman’s chest or
breasts
16. Delicately - carefully and using a lot of detail
17. Revelation - a fact that people are made aware of, especially one that has been secret and is
surprising- causing surprise
18. Predation - the act of an animal killing and eating other animals
19. Enclosure - a piece of land that is surrounded by a fence or wall and is used for a particular
purpose
20. Settlement - an official agreement that ends an argument between two people or groups
21. Roam - to walk or travel around an area without any definite aim or direction
22. Commercially - in a way that is connected with the buying and selling of goods and services
23. Layer - a quantity or sheet of something that lies over a surface or between surfaces
24. Strive - to try very hard to achieve something
25. Divergent - developing or moving in different directions; becoming less similar
26. Drought - a long period of time when there is little or no rain
27. Interweave - to twist together two or more pieces of thread, wool, etc.
41. smooth - completely flat and even, without any rough areas or holes
1. Blade — the flat part of a knife, tool or machine, which has a sharp edge or edges for cutting
2. Smooth — completely flat and even, without any rough areas or holes
6. Evocatively — in a way that makes you think of or remember a strong image or feeling, in a pleasant
way
7. Ambivalence — in a way that makes you think of or remember a strong image or feeling, in a pleasant
way
9. Bend — (especially of somebody’s body or head) to lean, or make something lean, in a particular
direction, engashmoq, egmoq
10. Vary — (of a group of similar things) to be different from each other in size, shape, etc., to change or
be different according to the situation
11. Conceive — conceive something (formal) to form an idea, a plan, etc. in your mind
13. Resemble — resemble somebody/something to look like or be similar to another person or thing
14. Crust — the hard outer surface of bread, the outer layer of rock that forms the surface of the earth or
another planet
15. Graze — (of cows, sheep, etc.) to eat grass that is growing in a field, graze something to put cows,
sheep, etc. in a field so that they can eat the grass there
16. Constitute — to be considered to be something, to be the parts that together form something
17. Fortify — fortify something (against somebody/something) to make a place more able to resist attack,
especially by building high walls
18. Subsistence — the state of having just enough money or food to stay alive
19. Faith — trust in somebody’s ability or knowledge; trust that somebody/something will do what has
been promised
21. Consecrate — to state officially in a religious ceremony that something is holy and can be used for
religious purposes
24. Tolerance - tolerance (of/for somebody/something) the quality of being willing to accept or tolerate,
somebody/something, especially opinions or behaviour that you may not agree with, or people who are
not like you
25. Arousal — the act of making somebody feel sexually excited; the state of being sexually excited, the
act of making somebody have a particular feeling or attitude
29. Energy-intensive
31. Entitled — feeling that you have a right to the good things in life without necessarily having to work for
them
32. Outline — to give a description of the main facts or points involved in something
33. Collide — hit by accident when moving, come into conflict or opposition.
36. Harness — a set of straps and fittings by which a horse or other draught animal is fastened to a cart,
plough, etc. and is controlled by its driver, put a harness on (a horse or other draught animal).
38. Strain — force (a part of one's body or oneself) to make an unusually great effort. force tending to pull
or stretch something to an extreme or damaging degree.
40. Chamber — a large room used for formal or public events. place (a bullet) into the chamber of a gun.
41. Blend — mix (a substance) with another substance so that they combine together, a mixture of
different substances or other things.
42. Aid — help, typically of a practical nature. help or support (someone or something) in the achievement
of something.
43. Tomb — a large vault, typically an underground one, for burying the dead.
45. Undertake — commit oneself to and begin (an enterprise or responsibility); take on. promise to do a
particular thing.
46. Reignite — ignite or cause to ignite again. Ignite— catch fire or cause to catch fire.
1. Subsistence - the state of having just enough money or food to stay alive
2. Fume (v) - to be very angry about something
3. Acquisition - the act of getting something, especially knowledge, a skill, etc.
4. Scowling - to look at somebody/something in an angry or annoyed way
5. Ridiculous - to look at somebody/something in an angry or annoyed way
6. Exquisite - extremely beautiful or carefully made
7. Ponder - to think about something carefully for a period of time
8. Edifice - a large impressive building
9. Inland - in or towards the middle of a country; away from the coast
10. Seaboard - the part of a country that is along its coast
11. Comrade - a person who is a member of the same communist or socialist political party as the
person speaking
12. Boast - ] to talk in a way that shows you are too proud of something that you have or can do
13. Evolve - to develop gradually, especially from a simple to a more complicated form; to develop
something in this way
14. Assemble - to come together as a group; to bring people or things together as a group
15. Concede - to admit that something is true, logical, etc. after first denying it or resisting it
16. Fragile - easily broken or damaged
17. Dew - the very small drops of water that form on the ground, etc. during the night
18. Languish - to be forced to stay somewhere or suffer something unpleasant for a long time
19. Synthetic - artificial; made by combining chemical substances rather than being produced
naturally by plants or animals
20. Vaporize - to turn into gas; to make something turn into gas
21. Ablation - the use of surgery to remove body tissue
22. Mitigate - to make something less harmful, serious, etc.
23. Iridescent - showing many bright colours that seem to change in different lights