Unit 17

The
Respiratory
System
Tamara Tošić, teaching assistant
Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade
Play the game and revise the journey
of gases through the respiratory and
circulatory systems!
Read section 17.1 (book p. 103) and mark the
following statements as true, false or not given:
1. The respiratory system handles the respiratory gases –
oxygen and carbon dioxide. T
2. Oxygen participates in aerobic cellular respiration. NG
3. Producing energy is one of the secondary functions of the
respiratory system. F
4. The mouth is the starting point for respiration. F
5. Breathing movements are usually regular and involuntary. T
6. Breathing can also be voluntarily controlled. T
7. Eupnea is the same as irregular breathing. F
8. Apnea is a temporary cessation of breathing. NG
The respiratory system is divided into...
● A respiratory division
○ Gas exchange occurs there
● A conducting division
○ Includes all structures which lead the
air to the respiratory division
Book p. 103
What are the main respiratory
organs?
The lungs
Book p. 103
What are the passageways within the
respiratory system?
• Nasal cavity
• Nasopharynx
• Larynx
• Trachea
• Bronchi The upper
respiratory tract
The respiratory organs
are subdivided into The lower
respiratory tract
Book p. 103
Book p. 103
Read section 17.3 (book p. 103) and
choose the best answer:
1. The nose: 3. Goblet cells:
a) is made up of cartilage and bone. a) produce mucus.
b) is divided by the nasal septum. b) move the airborne particles to
c) consists of the outer part and the the pharynx.
nasal cavity. c) are composed of cilia.
2. The oropharynx: 4. The larynx:
a) is behind the nasal cavity. a) is otherwise called the voice box.
b) is located between the b) has walls formed of seven
nasopharynx and laryngopharynx. cartilages.
c) is above the oral cavity. c) is superior to the pharynx.
Read section 17.3 (book p. 103) and
choose the best answer:
5. The epiglottis:
a) prevents food from entering the pharynx.
b) looks like a fold.
c) is situated under the glottis.
6. The vocal cords:

a) enable us to speak.
b) can also be called vocal flaps.
c) are inside the nasal cavity.
Book p. 104
Read section 17.4 (book pp. 104-105) and complete
the sentences:
bronchi
windpipe splits to form the primary _________,
1. The trachea or _________
secondary bronchi and further branch into
which develop into the __________
segmental bronchi.
the ___________
bronchioles are lined with smooth muscle, while
2. The walls of the ___________
cartilaginous rings.
the trachea and the bronchi are protected by ______________
alveoli
3. The exchange of gases takes place in the ________.
lobes while the right one is made
4. The left lung is divided into two ______,
three lobes.
up of ______
pulmonary pleura and the
5. The two types of pleurae – the __________
hilum of the lung.
parietal pleura – join at the _______
__________
6. The muscle which is crucial in the process of respiration is the
diaphragm
_____________.
REVISE THE RESPIRATORY
SYSTEM ANATOMY!
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Why does your
breathing rate
change during
intense activity?
How does
respiration affect
energy?
PRONUNCIATION FOCUS
• Carbon dioxide /ˌkɑː.bən daɪˈɒk.saɪd/
• Eupnea /juːpˈnɪə/
• Nasopharynx /ˌneɪ.zəʊˈfær.ɪŋks/
• Pharyngeal /fəˈrɪn.dʒi.əl/
• Larynx /ˈlær.ɪŋks/
• Laryngeal /ləˈrɪn.dʒi.əl/
• Laryngopharynx /ləˌrɪŋ.goʊˈfæ.rɪŋks/
• Trachea /trəˈkiː.ə/ (BE) /ˈtreɪ.kiə/ (AE)
• Bronchi /ˈbrɒŋ.kaɪ/
• Epiglottis /ˌep.ɪˈɡlɒt.ɪs/
• Bronchiole /ˈbrɒŋ.ki.əʊl/
• Alveoli /ˌæl.viˈəʊ.laɪ/
• Parietal pleura /pəˈraɪ.ə.təl ˈplʊə.rə/
• Diaphragm /ˈdaɪ.ə.fræm/
ADJECTIVES
• Nose • Nasal
• Pharynx • Pharyngeal • Metabolism • Metabolic
• Larynx • Laryngeal • Diaphragm • Diaphragmatic
• Trachea • Tracheal
• Bronchi • Bronchial
• Lungs • Pulmonary
• Glottis • Glottal
• Respiration • Respiratory
• Pleura • Pleural
• Septum • Septal
• Bronchiole • Bronchiolar • Oxygen • Oxygenated
• Alveoli • Alveolar • Cartilage • Cartilaginous
• Hilum • Hilar
PLURALS
• Bronchus • Bronchi
• Alveolus • Alveoli • Gas • Gases
• Septum • Septa • Cavity • Cavities
• Hilum • Hila • Diaphragm • Diaphragms
• Pleura • Pleurae
• Pharynx • Pharynges/pharynxes
• Larynx • Larynges/larynxes
• Trachea • Tracheae/tracheas
• Glottis • Glottides/glottises
Check your vocabulary (book pp. 105-106)
1. What is the difference between:
a. Inspiration and expiration?
2. Provide the English terms
b. Inhalation and exhalation?
for the following:
c. The bronchus and the bronchiole?
a. Larynx voice box
Inspiration allows air to flow into the lungs vs.
b. Trachea windpipe
Expiration involves gases leaving the lungs
c. Alveoli air sacs
b. Inhalation = breathing in vs.
exhalation = breathing out d. Eupnea (normal)
breathing
c. Bronchi = main airways vs.
bronchioles = smallest airways
EXTRA-CREDIT HOMEWORK
Do the ‘Respiratory system’
worksheet (available on the
Reticulum/Moodle page). Do
all the activities (including
‘Over to you’). In ‘Over to
you’, the word limit is 200
words. Use Appendix II to
help you.

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The

air to the respiratory division

6. The vocal cords:

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