Contents

MS EXCEL ................................................................................................................................................ 3
MS EXCEL Definition ........................................................................................................................ 3
Key POINTs of Excel ......................................................................................................................... 3
Microsoft Excel Features .................................................................................................................. 3
Excel Interface ......................................................................................................................................... 5
Quick Access Toolbar ............................................................................................................................... 6
Formula Bar............................................................................................................................................. 7
Name Box ............................................................................................................................................ 7
Title Bar, Help Button, Zoom Control and View Buttons ........................................................................... 8
Title Bar ........................................................................................................................................... 8
Help Button ..................................................................................................................................... 8
Zoom Control................................................................................................................................... 8
View Buttons ................................................................................................................................... 8
Mini Toolbar in Excel ............................................................................................................................... 9
Mini Toolbar Mouse Pointer Rules: .......................................................................................................... 9
Mini Toolbar Features: ............................................................................................................................ 9
Excel Relative Referencing ..................................................................................................................... 13
Excel Absolute Referencing.................................................................................................................... 13
Instruction while typing data in excel .................................................................................................... 15
Office Button in Excel ............................................................................................................................ 17
What is an Office Button in Excel?.................................................................................................. 17
Where is Office Button found in Excel? .......................................................................................... 17
Excel Office Button Menu Options ......................................................................................................... 18
New ............................................................................................................................................... 18
Open ............................................................................................................................................. 18
Save............................................................................................................................................... 18
Save As .......................................................................................................................................... 19
Print .............................................................................................................................................. 20
Prepare.......................................................................................................................................... 20
Send .............................................................................................................................................. 21
Publish........................................................................................................................................... 22
 Close.............................................................................................................................................. 22
Excel Options ................................................................................................................................. 22
Exit Excel ....................................................................................................................................... 23
Ribbon and Tabs in Excel ....................................................................................................................... 23
Excel Ribbon Tabs .................................................................................................................................. 24
Home Tab.............................................................................................................................................. 25
Insert Tab .............................................................................................................................................. 27
Page Layout Tab .................................................................................................................................... 28
Formula Tab .......................................................................................................................................... 30
Data Tab ................................................................................................................................................ 31
Review Tab ............................................................................................................................................ 32
View Tab ............................................................................................................................................... 33
 MS EXCEL
MS EXCEL DEFINITION
 MS Excel is an electronic spread sheet, Spread sheet displays in the form of rows and
columns.
 MS Excel is used to create simple calculations, students mark list, pay bills, Banking
Statements and Financial Analysis etc.

KEY POINTS OF EXCEL

1 Each and every sheet contains grid lines
2 Horizontal lines are called rows and it is represented with numeric
3 Vertical lines are called columns and it is represented with Alphabet
4 In one excel workbook sheet contains 1 to 1048576 rows and A to XFD columns i.e.
16384 columns
5 Intersection of rows and columns is called an Active Cell.
6 In an active cell 32767 characters can be written.
7 To move Active Cell Right, Left, Top, Bottom we use arrow keys.
8 To move only Right we use TAB.
9 Advantage in Excel is “cell which is over written or edited can get back by hitting escape
button that to before hitting Enter.”
10 To delete the content in the active cell hit delete button.
11 To edit active cell hit F2 button.
12 Default standard Row Height is 15.
13 Default standard Column width is 8.43.

MICROSOFT EXCEL FEATURES

There are several features that are available in Excel to make our task more manageable. Some
of the main features are:
1. AutoFormat: It allows the Excel users to use predefined table formatting options.

2. AutoSum: AutoSum feature helps us to calculate the sum of a row or column

automatically by inserting an addition formula for a range of cells.

3. List AutoFill: It automatically develops cell formatting when a new component is added
to the end of a list.

4. AutoFill: This feature allows us to quickly fill cells with a repetitive or sequential record
such as chronological dates or numbers and repeated documents. AutoFill can also be
used to copy functions. We can also alter text and numbers with this feature.
5. AutoShapes: AutoShapes toolbar will allow us to draw some geometrical shapes, arrows,
flowchart items, stars, and more. With these shapes, we can draw our graphs.
6. Wizard: It guides us to work effectively while we work by displaying several helpful tips
and techniques based on what we are doing. Drag and Drop feature will help us to
reposition the record and text by simply dragging the data with the help of the mouse.
7. Charts: This feature will help you to present the data in graphical form by using Pie, Bar,
Line charts, and more.
8. PivotTable: It flips and sums data in seconds and allows us to execute data analysis and
generating documents like periodic financial statements, statistical documents, etc. We
can also analyze complex data relationships graphically.
9. Shortcut Menus: The shortcut menu helps users to make the work done through shortcut
commands that need a lengthy process.
 10.

Excel Interface

It is the main interface of an Excel worksheet, where we work and store our data. This interface
contains various components. Before start working with Excel worksheet, you should be familiar
with these components so that you can use the Excel application efficiently.

Once you get familiar with the Excel interface, you will able to identify the basic and most-used
components of an Excel workbook. We have explained a bit about these components.|
 Quick Access Toolbar

The Quick Access Toolbar contains some common and most used commands of Excel, which
users repeatedly need while working with Excel. By default, Save, Undo,
and Repeat commands are added in the quick access toolbar.

It provides fast access to its users by adding most-used commands in it. This quick access toolbar
is customizable. It means you can add other commands, whichever you need most.

Add commands to the Quick Access toolbar

Step 1: Click on the drop-down arrow to the right of the Quick Access toolbar.

Step 2: Select the command you wish to add in the quick access toolbar from the drop-down
menu.

For more command, which is not available here, click on More Commands and choose from
there.
Step 3: Here, we have selected command Print Preview and Print that has been added to the
Quick Access toolbar along with other commands. You can see it here.

Formula Bar

In the formula bar, we can enter or edit data, a formula, or a function that will occur in a
specific cell. It allows to write the function and formulas to manipulate the data.

In the image below, cell C1 is selected, and 2000 is entered into the formula bar. Note how the
data contains in both the formula bar and in cell C1.

NAME BOX

The Name box presents the location or "name" of a selected cell.

In the image below, cell B4 is selected. Noted that cell B4 is where column B and row 4
intersect.

can add one or more sheets to your Excel document.

Title Bar, Help Button, Zoom Control and View Buttons

TITLE BAR

It lies next to the quick access toolbar or on top of the excel window. It displays the name of the
open document.

HELP BUTTON
It lies on top right corner of the excel window beside the option to minimize the window. It is in the form
of an encircled question mark. It provides excel related help.

ZOOM CONTROL

Zoom control is a slider that lies next to view buttons at the right end of the status bar. It helps
zoom in and zoom out the document. Move the slider to right or click on the plus sign to zoom in
and move it to left or click on the minus sign to zoom out.

VIEW BUTTONS

There are three view buttons on the right end of the status bar, to the left of the zoom control.
These buttons provide different options to view the document.
 Mini Toolbar in Excel

The Mini Toolbar is a floating toolbar that appears above the shortcut menu when you
right-click a cell or other objects like a shape or chart. It is a small version of the full toolbar
that displays commonly used formatting commands like Bold, Italics, Font Size and Font
Color. The mini toolbar was introduced as a quick-access version so the Excel users can easily
access the Font group, border, and few extra buttons on the Home tab.

The Mini Toolbar is also available in other office applications such as Word and PowerPoint.
When you select any text or right-click on it, a faded, partially transparent pop window emerges
on the top of your selected text. If you hover your mouse pointer over it, it immediately converts
to its solid and usable form. Sometimes the Excel users may find it annoying as it keeps getting
in the way. In that case, they can turn it off (we will learn the steps to turn off Mini Toolbar later
in this tutorial).

Mini Toolbar Mouse Pointer Rules:

o If you bring your mouse pointer towards the Mini Toolbar, it freezes and immediately
becomes active.
o If you take your mouse pointer away from the Mini Toolbar, it disappears.

o You will notice that the Mini Toolbar disappears if you press any key from your keyboard or
scroll the wheel of your mouse.

Mini Toolbar Features:

The mini toolbar contains the most commonly used tools of the Home Tab. The list of the tools
are as follows:
1. Font Type(Drop-Down) - The Font feature shows the list of fonts available in Excel. The user
can quickly select or change the font of the cell as per their choices.

2. Font Size(Drop-Down). With the help of Font Size, you can quickly adjust the size of the text.

3. Increase Font Size- This feature allows Excel users to quickly increase the font size of the
selected cell to the next larger font size.

4. Decrease Font Size- This feature allows the Excel users to quickly decrease the font size of
the selected cell to the previous smaller font size.

5. Percent Style- With the help of the Percent Style feature, you can incorporate the percent
number format into the selected cells.

6. Comma Style- With the help of the Percent Style feature, you can incorporate the comma
style number format into the selected cells.

7. Accounting Number Format(Drop-Down)- The Accounting Number feature incorporates the

'default' number format to the selected cells. The drop-down consists of the following
commands:

o English (UK)
o English (US)
o Euro
o and More Accounting Formats.

8. Merge & Center(Drop-Down). The Merger & Centre feature concatenates the selected cells
and puts the contents in a new cell in the centre position. The drop-down consists of the
following commands:

o Merge & Center

o Merge Across
o Merge Cells and Unmerge Cells
The Merge Across is similar to the Merge and Center feature with a single difference that merges
and centers the selected cells in the same row with no change in the alignment.

9. Bold- This feature toggles bold on the selected cell.

10. Italic- This feature toggles italics on the selected cell.

11. Center- This feature aligns the content of the selected cell in the center position.

12. Fill Color(Drop-Down)- The Fill Color feature is useful whenever the user want to quickly
apply a color to the background of the selected cell. The drop-down consists of the following
commands:

o Theme Colors

o Standard Colors
o No Fill and More Colors.

13. Font Color (Drop-Down). As the name suggests, the Font colour features allow the Excel
user to quickly change the colour of the font of the selected cell. The Font Color drop-down
incorporates the below give commands:

o Automatic
o Theme Colors
o Standard Colors and More Colors.

14. Borders(Drop-Down). The Borders enables the users to quickly apply a border of any length
and thickness to the selected cells. The Borders drop-down incorporates the below give
commands:

o Bottom
o Top
o Left
o Right
 o No
o All
o Outside
o Thick Box
o Top and Bottom
o Draw Border
o Thick Bottom
o Top and Thick Bottom
o Erase Border
o Bottom Double
o Top and Double Bottom
o Draw Border Grid
o Line Color
o Line Style and More Borders.

15. Increase Decimal- As the name suggest; this features adds one decimal place from the
selected cells.

16. Decrease Decimal- As the name suggests; Increase Decimal adds one decimal place from
the selected cells.

17. Format Painter- This feature copies the formatting from any cell (or group of cells or range)
enabling the user to paste the same formatting elsewhere.
 Excel Relative Reference

Relative referencing tells that you don't need to type the formula separately for each calculation
in a column or a row. See the image:

Type the formula in the first cell D3 and press Enter key to get the result, then use the fill handle.
The formula will change automatically in the respective cells and all values of list 1 will get
multiplied with respective values of list 2.

This way you can easily multiply values of list 1 with respective values of list 2 but if you want
to multiply all cells of list 1 with a single cell of list 2 such as C3 then it won't work.

Excel Absolute Reference

Absolute referencing helps multiply multiple values with a particular value.

See the image shown below. The list 1 values are multiplied by 4, value of cell C3. In this case,
we will use symbol $ in the formula.
So we have to modify the formula for that after entering the formula press F4 key. $ Sign will
appear in the formula. See cell D3 in the image. Then press Enter key to get the result. Now drag
the fill handle from cell D3 till cell D10. All values of list 1 will get multiplied with 4.

In a similar way, in the image shown below, the bonus marks are added to the marks of the
students by modifying the formula from =C5+E2 to =C5+$E$2.
 Instruction while typing data in excel

Type the values and text in separate cells else the formula will not work. See the example given
below:

In case you want to add currency symbol to values then use mini toolbar as shown in the image
given below.

Select the range of cells then right click. Mini toolbar appears above the shortcut menu. Click on
the currency symbol. It will be added to the given values. To find more currency symbols click
on the arrow next to the currency symbol. See the images given below.
 Office Button in Excel

MS Excel is one of the most popular spreadsheet software programs included with the Microsoft
Office suite. However, Office suite also has some other popular products, such as Word,
PowerPoint, etc. To make all this software user-friendly and effectively similar in the interface,
Microsoft tries to make the UI quite similar for all its products, allowing users to find commands
and tools easily. One such common option in all Office 2007 product interfaces, including Excel,
is the Office button.

This article discusses the Office button in Excel (also called the Microsoft Office button). The
article also elaborates all the options found inside the office button along with their functions.

WHAT IS AN OFFICE BUTTON IN EXCEL?

The Office Button was an experimental feature of the Microsoft Office suite 2007. All Office
2007 products (such as Word, Excel, PowerPoint, etc.) have a common button inside the active
window, named Office Button. Since it is also present in Excel thus, we call it Office Button in
Excel while working with Excel or referring to the button concerning MS Excel.

The Office button found in MS Excel 2007 and other Office 2007 products looks like this:

WHERE IS OFFICE BUTTON FOUND IN EXCEL?

When we open Excel 2007 program, we see an Office Button on the top-left corner of the Excel
window. The button is attached to a ribbon and is identified by a circle containing an Office logo
inside it.

The office button situated on the top-left corner in MS Excel 2007 looks like this:
What is the primary function of the MS Excel Office Button?

The primary function of the Office button in Excel and other Office 2007 products was to help
users perform frequently used actions immediately using the shortcuts. The office button
provides many useful options and helps us open, save, print any workbook with ease.
Furthermore, we can easily access the Excel options and configure them instantly as per our
choice directly from the Office button.

Excel Office Button Menu Options

When we click the Office Button in Excel, we get the following menu options:

NEW

The 'New' option in the Office button menu primarily displays the 'New Workbook' dialog box
where we can select to either create a blank workbook/spreadsheet or use any of the existing
templates by Microsoft.

OPEN

The 'Open' option in the Office button menu displays the 'Open' dialog box using which we can
choose and open any specific excel file from our computer.

SAVE

The 'Save' option in the Office button menu helps us save the changes to an active workbook.
This option typically saves temporary data to the current file for future use, even after the
corresponding file is closed. Besides, if the 'Save' option is used the first time in a newly created
spreadsheet, it will launch the 'Save As' dialogue box, which is the next option in the menu list.

SAVE AS

The 'Save As' option in the Office menu displays the 'Save As' dialog box, which helps us to
save the copy of an active file in the desired file format and with the desired file name at the
desired location.

We further get some options when moving the mouse cursor onto the 'Save As' option or click
the option. They are:

o Excel Workbook: If we click on this option, we get a 'Save As' dialog box, with the
default file type selected as 'Excel Workbook (.xlsx)'. This file type can contain all the
typical spreadsheet objects except macro and is suitable to import to other relevant
spreadsheet software.
o Excel Macro-Enabled Workbook: If we click on this option, we get a 'Save As' dialog
box, with the default file type selected as 'Excel Macro-Enabled Workbook (.xlsm)'. This
file type can contain macro.
o Excel Binary Workbook: If we click on this option, we get a 'Save As' dialog box, with
the default file type selected as 'Excel Binary Workbook (.xlsb)'. This file type can handle
vast amounts of data with macros but is not suitable for importing other relevant
spreadsheet software.
o Excel 97-2003 Workbook: If we click on this option, we get a 'Save As' dialog box, with
the default file type selected as 'Excel 97-2003 Workbook (.xls)'. This file type is similar
to the Excel workbook (.xlsx), but it is suitable for old versions of Excel, such as Excel
2003 and earlier.
o Find add-ins for other file formats: If we click on this option, we get some extensions
to include support for other file formats that are not provided within Excel.
It mainly involves the most common spreadsheet file formats to help us save an active workbook
instantly. However, we can select the 'Other Formats' to display the 'Save As' dialogue box or get a list
of all the supported formats.

PRINT

The 'Print' option in the Office menu helps us take a hard copy of the current spreadsheet on
paper with the help of a connected printer. Additionally, we can also save a copy of an active
document to a portable document format (PDF).

We further get some options when moving the mouse cursor onto the 'Print' option or click the option.
They are:

o Print: If we click on this option, we get a 'Print' dialog box to adjust some common
parameters for printing. For example, the number of print copies, default printer, page
orientations, etc.
o Quick Print: If we click on this option, Excel directly commands the system to print an
active sheet using the most recently used settings or the default settings.
o Print Preview: If we click on this option, Excel displays the print preview window
where we can see a digital view of the document that will be printed on paper.

PREPARE

The 'Prepare' option in the Office menu helps us to prepare the current spreadsheet for
distribution. That means we can view or modify the properties of the spreadsheet as per our
choice. Additionally, we can inspect the hidden metadata and other personal information of an
active workbook using this option.

We further get some options when moving the mouse cursor onto the 'Prepare' option or click the
option. They are:

o Properties: If we click on this option, Excel displays us properties window to view or

configure parameters (such as Workbook title, Author name, Keywords, etc.) for the
 spreadsheet. This option is strictly related only to the properties of the workbook, not to
Excel.
o Inspect Document: If we click on this option, Excel displays us 'Document Inspector'
dialogue box. This option mainly helps us inspect (find) and remove hidden data or any
personal information from the current workbook.

o Encrypt Document: If we click on this option, Excel displays us 'Encrypt Document'

dialogue box to configure a password to make our worksheet secure from unauthorized or
unwanted people.
o Add a Digital Signature: If we click on this option, Excel shows us a 'Sign' dialog box.
This option mainly helps us to insert a sign to claim ownership of the spreadsheet
digitally.
o Mark as Final: If we click on this option, Excel marks the active workbook as final and
saves it accordingly. This option is mainly used when there are no further changes or
modifications required in a spreadsheet. In particular, the option makes the spreadsheet
read-only and non-editable.

o Run Compatibility Checker: If we click on this option, Excel shows us a 'Compatibility

Checker' dialog box. Using this option, we can use the older version of the Excel
workbook in newer versions or vice versa to prevent permanent data loss or incorrect
functionalities.

SEND

The 'Send' option in the Office menu helps us to share the current spreadsheet document with
others directly through the Excel program. We don't need to save it and then send it to others.
Excel provides a variety of sharing options under the 'Send' command. The option was later
renamed as 'Save and Send' in Office 2010.

We further get some options when moving the mouse cursor onto the 'Send' option or click the
option. They are:

o Email: If we click on this option, Excel shows us an 'Email' dialogue box where we can
choose to send a copy of the current spreadsheet as an email attachment over the web.
 Excel typically provides two options to attach an active workbook into an email. We can
either attach the current document as PDF or XPS.
o Internet Fax: If we click on this option, Excel enables us to use an Internet fax service
and fax the spreadsheet as desired. However, this feature is not useful anymore.

PUBLISH

The 'Publish' option in the Office menu enables us to distribute the current spreadsheet with
people on the network. Additionally, we can also create a blog article using the spreadsheet's
content and share it accordingly.

We further get some options when moving the mouse cursor onto the 'Publish' option or click the
option. They are:

o Document Management Server: If we click on this option, we get a 'Save As' dialog
box, with the default location of 'My Network Places' to save a corresponding
spreadsheet.
o Create Document Workspace: If we click on this option, Excel launches the Document
Management task pane to create a site for the spreadsheet and synchronize a copy of it
across the system.

CLOSE

The 'Close' option in the Office button menu helps us close the current spreadsheet or workbook
opened in Excel.

EXCEL OPTIONS

The 'Excel Options' button in the Office button menu helps us configure or modify the settings/
preferences of the MS Excel program. By using this, we can customize the entire Excel
accordingly.
EXIT EXCEL

The 'Exit Excel' button in the Office Button menu helps us to exit the Excel program. This
means that we can close all open spreadsheets/ workbooks, including Excel itself, at once.

Ribbon and Tabs in Excel

Excel ribbon is the row of tabs and icons at the top of the Excel window that allows you to find,
understand and use commands for completing a certain task. Excel ribbon is the primary
interface that contains every command and feature. The Ribbon has multiple display options
according to your preferences.

In Excel Ribbon, the buttons and icons are grouped into different tabs based on the category of
their functionalities. It contains seven tabs: Home, Insert, Page Layout, Formulas, Data,
Review, and View.

Each tab has its specific groups of related commands. These groups have several additional
commands that can view by clicking the arrow at the right bottom corner of any group.

The Ribbon first appeared in Excel 2007, replacing the traditional toolbars and pull-down menus
found in previous versions. In Excel 2010, Microsoft added the ability to personalize the Ribbon.
In Excel, the Ribbon is made up of these four basic components, such as:

1. Ribbon tab: It contains multiple commands logically subdivided into groups.

2. Ribbon group: A set of closely related commands normally performed as part of a larger
task.
3. Dialog launcher: A small arrow in the lower-right corner of a group brings up more
related commands. Dialog launchers appear in groups that contain more commands than
available space.
4. Command button: It is the button you click to perform a particular action.

Excel Ribbon Tabs

The standard Excel ribbon contains the following tabs, from left to right:

o File: It allows you to jump into the backstage view that contains the essential file-related
commands and Excel options. This tab was introduced in Excel 2010 as replacing the
Office button in Excel 2007 and the File menu in earlier versions.
o Home: It contains the most frequently used commands such as copying and pasting,
sorting and filtering, formatting, etc.
o Insert: It is used for adding different objects in a worksheet such as images, charts,
PivotTables, hyperlinks, special symbols, equations, headers, and footers.
o Draw: It depends on the device type you're using. It lets you draw with a digital pen,
mouse, or finger. This tab is available in Excel 2013 and later, but the Developer tab is
not visible by default.

o Page Layout: It provides tools to manage the worksheet appearance, both onscreen and
printed. These tools control theme settings, gridlines, page margins, object aligning, and
print area.
o Formulas: It contains tools for inserting functions, defining names, and controlling the
calculation options.
o Data: It holds the commands for managing the worksheet data as well as connecting to
external data.
 o Review: It allows you to check spelling, track changes, add comments and notes, protect
worksheets and workbooks.
o View: It provides commands for switching between worksheet views, freezing panes,
viewing, and arranging multiple windows.
o Help: It only appears in Excel 2019 and Office 365. This tab provides quick access to the
Help Task Pane and allows you to contact Microsoft support, send feedback, suggest a
feature, and get quick access to training videos.

o Developer: It provides access to advanced features such as VBA macros, ActiveX and
Form controls, and XML commands. This tab is hidden by default, and you have to
enable it first.
o Add-ins: It appears when you open an older workbook or load an add-in that customizes
the toolbars or menu.

Home Tab
The excel Home Tab is used to execute regular instructions like bold, underline, copy, and paste.
It is also used to apply formats to cells in a worksheet. It contains Clipboard, Font, Alignment,
Number, Cells, and Editing.

1. Clipboard: This Clipboard Group is primarily used for Cut copy and paste. It means, if you
want to transfer data from one place to another, then you have two choices, either COPY
(preserves the data in the original location) or CUT (deletes the data from the original location).
 o There are options of Paste Special, which implies copy in the desired format.
o And there is also Format Painter Excel, which is used to copy the format from the
original cell location to the destination cell location.

2. Fonts: This font group within the Home tab is used for choosing the desired Font and size.
There are hundreds of fonts available in the dropdown, which we can use for.

In addition, you can change the font size from small to large, depending on your requirements.
Also helpful is the feature of Bold (B), Italics (I), and Underline (U) of the fonts.

3. Alignment: This group is used to align tabs, such as Top, Middle, or Bottom alignment of text
within the cell. And there are other standard alignment options like Left, middle, and right
alignment. There is also an orientation option that can be used to place the text vertically or
diagonally.

o Merge and Center is used to combine more than one cell and place its content in the
middle. It is a great feature to use for table formatting etc.
o Wrap text can be used when there is a lot of content in the cell, making all the text
visible.

4. Number: This group provides options for displaying number format. There are various
formats available, such as general, accounting, percentage, comma style in excel, etc. You can
also increase and decrease the decimals using this group.

5. Styles: You can have various styles for cells like Good, Bad, and Neutral. Other sets of styles
are available for Data and Models like Calculation, Check, Warning, etc.

In addition, you can make use of different Titles and Heading options available within Styles.

o The format Table allows you to convert mundane data into an aesthetically pleasing data
table quickly.
o Conditional formatting is used to format cells based on certain predefined conditions.
These are very helpful in spotting the patterns across an excel sheet.
6. Cells: This group is used to modify the cell according to its height and width etc. Also, you
can hide and protect the cell using Format Feature. You can also insert and delete new cells and
rows from this group.

7. Editing: This group within the Home Tab is useful for Editing the data on an excel sheet. The
most prominent of the commands here is the Find and Replace in Excel Also, you can use the
sort feature to analyze your data (sort from A to Z or Z to A), or you can do a custom sort here.

Insert Tab

The Insert Tab is used to insert distinct features like tables, pictures, clip art, shapes, charts, page
numbers, word art, headers, and footers into a document. It contains Tables, Illustrations, Add-
Ins, Charts, Tours, Sparkline’s, Filters, Links, Text, and Symbols groups. The below table
describes each of the teams and buttons present on this tab.

1. Tables: This group provides an excellent way to organize the data. You can use a table to sort,
filter, and format the data within the sheet. You can also use Pivot Tables to analyze complex
data very easily.

2. Illustrations: This group provides a way to insert pictures, shapes, or artwork into excel. You
can insert the pictures directly from the computer or use Online Picture Option to search for
relevant pictures.
 o The shapes provide additional ready-made square, circle, arrow kinds of shapes that can
use in excel.
o SmartArt provides an awesome graphical representation to visually communicate data in
List, organizational charts, Venn diagrams, and process diagrams.

3. Charts: It helps you visualize the data in a graphical format. You can make graphs on your
own, and excel provides various options like Pie-chart, Line Chart, Column Chart in Excel,
Bubble Chart k in Excel, combo chart in excel, Radar Chart in Excel, and Pivot Charts in Excel.
Recommended charts allow Excel to come up with the best possible graphical combination.

4. Hyperlink: This is a great tool to provide hyperlinks from the excel sheet to an external URL
or files. Hyperlinks can also use to create a navigation structure with the excel sheet that is easy
to use.

5. Text: This group is used to text in the desired format, such as add header and footer.

o WordArt allows you to use different styling for text.

o You can also create your signature using the Signature line
o Symbols are special characters that we may want to insert in the excel sheet for better
representation.

o The equation allows you to write mathematical equations that we cannot ordinarily write
in an Excel sheet.

Page Layout Tab

The Page Layout Tab holds all the choices that permit you to rearrange your document pages
simply in the manner you wish them. You can set margins, apply themes, manage page
orientation and size, add sections and line breaks, show line numbers, and set paragraph
indentation and lines. It contains Themes, Page Setup, Scale to fit, Sheet Options, Arrange.
1. Themes: Themes allow you to change the style and visual look of excel. You can choose
various styles available from the menu. You can also customize the colors, fonts, and effects in
the excel workbook.

2. Page Setup: This is an important group primarily used along with printing an excel sheet.

o You can choose margins for the print.

o You can choose your printing orientation from Portrait to Landscape.

o You can choose the size of paper like A3, A4, Letterhead, etc.
o The print area allows you to see the print area within the excel sheet and helps make the
necessary adjustments.
o We can also add a break where we want the next page to begin in the printed copy.
o Also, you can add a background to the worksheet to create a style.
o Print Titles is like a header and footer in excelthat we want them to be repeated on each
printed copy of the excel sheet.

3. Scale to Fit: This option is used to stretch or shrink the printout of the page to a percentage of
the original size. You can also shrink the width as well as height to fit in a certain number of
pages.
4. Sheet Options: It is another useful feature for printing. If we want to print the grid, then we
can check the print gridlines option. If we want to print the Row and column numbers in the
excel sheet, we can also do the same using this feature.

5. Arrange: Here, we have different options for objects inserted in Excel like Bringforward,
Send Backward, Selection Pane, Align, Group Objects, and Rotate.

Formula Tab

The formula tab is used to insert functions, outline the name, produce the name, review the
formula, etc. In the ribbon, the Formulas tab has vital and most helpful functions to form
dynamic reports. It contains Function Library, Defined Names, Formula Auditing, and
Calculation.

1. Function Library: This is a very useful group that contains all the formulas that one uses in
excel. This group is subdivided into important functions like Financial Functions, Logical
Functions, Date & Timing, Lookup & References, Math’s and Trigonometry, and other
functions. One can also make use of Insert Function capabilities to insert the function in a cell.

2. Defined Names: This feature can be used to name the cell, and these named cells can be
called from any part of the worksheet without working about its exact locations.

3. Formula Auditing: This is used for auditing the flow of formulas and their linkages.

o It can trace the precedents (origin of data set) and show which dataset depends on this.
o Show formula can also use to debug errors in the formula.
o The Watch window in excel is also useful for keeping a tab on their values as you update
other formulas and datasets in the excel sheet.

4. Calculations: The option selected for calculation is automatic. However, one can also change
this option to manual.

Data Tab

The data tab contains options mainly for filtering, sorting, and manipulating data. It has options
for importing external data.
 1. Get External Data: This option is used to import external data from various sources like
Access, Web, Text, SQL Server, XML, etc.
2. Power Query: This is an advanced feature used to combine data from multiple sources
and present it in the desired format.
3. Connections: This feature is used to refresh the excel sheet when the data in the current
excel sheet comes from outside sources. You can also display the external links as well as
edit those links from this feature.

4. Sort & Filter: This feature can be used to sort the data from A to Z or Z to A, and also
you can filter the data using the dropdown menus. Also, one can choose advanced
features to filter using complex criteria.
5. Data Tools: This is very useful for advanced excel users. One can create various scenario
analyses using What if analysis - Data Tables, Goal Seek in Excel, and Scenario
Manager. Also, one can convert Text to Column, remove duplicates and consolidate from
this group.
6. Forecast: This Forecast function can be used to predict the values based on historical
values.
7. Outline: One can easily present the data in an intuitive format using the Group and
Ungroup options.

Review Tab

The review tab contains tools mainly for spell checking, thesaurus, sharing, protecting, and
tracking changes in Excel Worksheets.

1. Proofing: Proofing allows you to run spell checks in excel. In addition to spell checks,
one can also use a thesaurus if you find the right word. There is also a research button
that helps you navigate the encyclopedia, dictionaries, etc., to perform tasks better.
2. Language: You can translate the excelsheet from English to any other language by using
this feature.
 3. Comments: This feature is used to write an additional note for important cells. It helps the
user understand clearly the reasons behind your calculations etc.
4. Changes: If you want to keep track of the changes made, one can use the Track Changes
option. Also, you can protect the worksheet or the workbook using a password from this
option.

View Tab

View tab contains mainly commands to view the Excel worksheet, like change views, freeze
panes, arrange multiple windows, etc.
1. Workbook Views: You can choose the viewing option of the excel sheet from this group.
You can view the excel sheet in the default normal view, or you can choose Page Break
view, Page Layout view, or any other custom view of your choice.

2. Show: This feature can be used to show or not show Formula bars, grid lines, or Heading
in the excel sheet.

3. Zoom: Sometimes, an excel sheet may contain a lot of data, and you may want to change
zoom in or zoom out desired areas of the excel sheet.

4. Window: The new window is a helpful feature that allows the user to open the second
window and work on both simultaneously. Also, freeze paneanother useful feature that
allows freezing of particular rows and columns such that they are always visible even
when one scrolls to the extreme positions. You can also split the worksheet into two parts
for separate navigation.
5. Macros: This is again a fairly advanced feature, and you can use this feature to automate
certain tasks in Excel Sheet. Macros are nothing but a recorder of actions taken in excel,
and they can execute the same actions again if required.