PROJECT : DESIGN PROJECT JOB REF.

PART OF STRUCTURE : BEAM CALCULATION SHEET NO. :

DRAWING REF. CALCULATED BY DATE CHECK BY DATE

07DKA21F1038

REFERENCE CALCULATIONS OUTPUT

SPECIFICATION

Dimension :
Span, L1 = 4.5 m L2 = 2.5 m
Witdh, B1 = 4.0 m B2 = 5.0 m
Slab thickness = 150 mm
Beam size = 200 x 500 mm
Characteristic loads :
Finishes etc. = 1.5 kN/m
Variable, qk = 4.0 kN/m

MATERIALS
Characteristic strength of concrete, ƒck : 40 N/mm2
Characteristic strength of steel, ƒyk : 500 N/mm2
Characteristic strength of link, ƒyk : 500 N/mm2
Nominal concrete cover : 30 mm

Assumed : Øbar1 : 20mm

Øbar2 : 16mm
Øbar3 : 6mm

Design beam 4/A-E

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EFFECTIVE FLANGE WIDTH
bw : 200 mm
hf : 150mm
h : 500 mm
b1 : 1900 mm
b2 : 2400 mm
Actual flange width, b = 4500 mm

Effective Flange Width

beff = Σbeff,i + bw ≤ b
beff,i = 0.2bi + 0.1lo ≤ 0.2lo

Span C-D, D-E

lo = 0.7 l = 0.7 x 2500 = 1750 mm
beff,1 = 555 mm ≤ 350 mm Use = 350 mm
beff,2 = 655 mm ≤ 350 mm Use = 350 mm
beff = 350 + 350 + 200 mm = 900 mm < 4500 mm

Span A-C
lo = 0.85 l = 0.85 x 4500 = 3825 mm
beff,1 = 763 mm ≤ 765 mm Use = 763 mm
beff,2 = 863 mm ≤ 765 mm Use = 765 mm
beff = 763 + 765 + 200 mm = 1728 mm < 4500 mm

ACTIONS
Actions on slab:
Self - weight = 40 x 0.150 = 6.00 kN/m2
Finishes etc. = 1.50 kN/m2
Chac. Permanent load, gk = 3.00 kN/m2
Chac. Variable load, qk = 4.00 kN/m2

Action on beam 4/A-E

Distribution of action from slabs to beam are as follows;
Panel 5-4/A-E :
Ly/Lx = 4.5 / 2.5 = 1.8 < 2.0 Two-way slab
=========> Shear coefficient, Bv = 0.57
Panel 4-3/A-E :
Ly/Lx = 5.0 / 2.5 = 2.0 > 2.0 One-way slab
=========> Shear coefficient, Bv = 0.5

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Characteristics Permenant Load =
Beam self-weight,
wo = 0.20 ( 0.50 - 0.15 ) x 40 = 2.8 kN/m
w1 = Bvnlx = 0.50 x 3.0 x 2.5 = 3.75 kN/m
w2 = Bvnlx = 0.50 x 3.0 x 2.5 = 3.75 kN/m

Gk = 10.30 kN/m

Characteristics Variable Load =

w1 = Bvnlx = 0.50 x 4.00 x 2.5 = 5.00 kN/m
w2 = Bvnlx = 0.50 x 4.00 x 2.5 = 5.00 kN/m
Qk = 10 kN/m

Total design load on beam F - 5 - 6

w = 1.35gk + 1.5qk = 28.91 kN/m

ANALYSIS

A-C : F = w d L = 28.91 x 4.5 = 130 kN

C-D/D-E : F = w d L = 28.91 x 2.5 = 72 kN

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 MAIN REINFORCEMENT
Effective depth , Span A-C
d = h - Cnom - 0.5 Øbar = 500 - 30 - 0.5(20) = 460 mm

Med = 0.09FL = 53 kNm

Mf = 0.567ƒck bhf (d - 0.5hf )
= 0.567 x 40 x 1728 x 150 ( 460 - 0.5(150))
= 2263 kNm
M < Mf ===> Neutral axis with the flange

K = Med / ƒck bd2

= 53 x 106 / (40 x 1728 x 4602)
= 0.004
z = d [ 0.5 + √0.25 - k/1.34 ]
= 0.99 d
Area of tension reinforcement
As = Med / 0.87ƒykz
= 53 x 106 / (0.87 x 500 x 0.95 x 460)
= 279 mm2 Use : 6H 08
(302 mm2)
9.2.1.1 Minimum and maximum reinforcement area,
As,min = 0.26 (ƒctm / ƒyk ) bd = 0.26 x ( 3.5 / 500 ) bd
= 0.0018 bd use = 0.0018 bd
= 0.0018 x 200 x 460 = 166 mm2

As,max = 0.04Ac = 0.04bh

= 0.04 x 1728 x 500 = 3456 mm2

Support D-E
Effective depth , d = h - Cnom - 1.5 Øbar = 500 - 30 - 1.5(16) = 446 mm

Med = 0.11FL = 20 kNm

K = Med / ƒck bd2
= 20 x 106 / (40 x 900 x 4462)
= 0.279
Redistribution = 0% Redistribution ratio, Ϩ = 1.0 Using : EC2
Kbal = 0.454 ( Ϩ - k1 )/k2 - 0.182 [( Ϩ - k1 )/k2 ]2 k1 = 0.44
= 0.363 ( Ϩ - k1 ) - 0.116 ( Ϩ - k1 ) 2 k2 = 1.25
= 0.167

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REFERENCE CALCULATIONS OUTPUT

SHEAR REINFORCEMENT
Concrete strut capacity
VRd,max = 0.36bwdƒck(1-ƒck/250) / cotθ + tanθ
= 0.36 x 200 x 460 x 40 ( 1-40/250 ) / cotθ + tanθ
6.2.3 = 355 kN ====> θ = 22o
= 550 kN =====> θ = 45o

Support A-C
Ved = 0.45 F = 0.45 x 130 = 59 kN
Ved < VRd,max cotθ = 2.5
Ved < VRd,max cotθ = 1.0
====> Therefore angle θ < 22o

Shear links
Asw/s = Ved / 0.78ƒykdcot Θ
= 59 x 103 / ( 0.78 x 500 x 460 x 2.48 )
= 0.132
Try link : H6 Asw = 57mm2
Spacing, s = 57/ 0.132
9.2.2 (6) = 431 mm ≤ 0.75d = 0.75 x 460 = 345 mm Use : H6 - 175

Additional longitudinal reinforcement

Addition tensile force,
∆F td = 0.5Ved cot Θ ≤ MEd,max / z
= 0.5 x 59 x 2.48
= 73 kN
MEd,max / z = 53 x 106 / 460
= 115 kN To be added to the
As,req = ∆F td / 0.87fyk A s near support (after
3 2
= 73 x 10 / 0.8 x 500 = 183 mm curtailment )

Support C-D
Ved = 0.60 F = 0.60 x 72 = 43 kN
Ved < VRd,max cotθ = 2.5
Ved < VRd,max cotθ = 1.0
====> Therefore angle θ < 22o

Shear links
Asw/s = Ved / 0.78ƒykdcot Θ
6
= 43 x 103 / ( 0.78 x 500 x 446 x 2.48 )
= 0.099

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REFERENCE CALCULATIONS OUTPUT

Try link : H6 Asw = 57mm2

Spacing, s = 57/ 0.099
= 575 mm ≤ 0.75d = 0.75 x 446 = 335 mm Use : H6 - 125

Support D-E
Ved = 0.55 F = 0.55 x 72 = 40 kN
Ved < VRd,max cotθ = 2.5
Ved < VRd,max cotθ = 1.0
====> Therefore angle θ < 22o

Shear links
Asw/s = Ved / 0.78ƒykdcot Θ
= 40 x 103 / ( 0.78 x 500 x 446 x 2.48 )
= 0.093

Try link : H6 Asw = 57mm2

Spacing, s = 57/ 0.093
= 612 mm ≤ 0.75d = 0.75 x 446 = 335 mm Use : H6 - 300

Shear resistance of minimum links

Vmin = (Asw/s)(0.78dƒykcot Θ)
= ( 57/ 300 ) x ( 0.78 x 446 x 500 x 2.5)
= 83 kN

Link arrangement

Ymin > Ved

x1 = 59 / 28.91 = 2.04 m
x2 = 43 / 28.91 = 1.49 m
x3 = 40 / 28.91 = 1.38 m

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REFERENCE CALCULATIONS OUTPUT

K > Kbal
Compression reinforcement is required
d’ = cnom + Ølink + 0.5 Øbar = 44 mm
z = d [ 0.5 + √0.25 - Kbal/1.134 ]
= 0.85 d = 0.85 x 446 = 380 mm
x = ( d - z ) / 0.4 = 165 mm
d’ / x = 44 / 165 = 0.27 < 0.38
===> The compression steel will have yielded
fsc = 0.87fyk

Area of compression steel Use : 4H 08

A s’ = ( K - Kbal ) fck bd2 / 0.87fyk ( d - d’ ) ( 201 mm2)
= (0.275 - 0.167) x ( 40 x 200 x 4462 ) / 0.87 x 500 ( 446 - 44 )
= 200 mm2
Area of tension steel
A s = Kbal fck bd2 / 0.87fykzbal + A s’
= 0.167 x ( 40 x 200 x 4462 ) / 0.87 x 500 x 380
= 1607 mm2 Use : 8H 16
(1609 mm2)
As,min = 0.0013bd = 116 mm2
As,max = 0.04bh = 4000 mm2

Span C-D
Effective depth , Span A-C
d = h - Cnom - Ølink - Øbar = 500 - 30 - 6 - 20 = 444 mm

Med = 0.07FL = 13 kNm

Mf = 0.567ƒck bhf (d - 0.5hf )
= 0.567 x 40 x 900 x 150 ( 444 - 0.5(150))
= 1131 kNm
M < Mf ===> Neutral axis with the flange

K = Med / ƒck bd2

= 13 x 106 / (40 x 900 x 4442)
= 0.002
z = d [ 0.5 + √0.25 - k/1.134 ]
= 0.25 d
Area of tension reinforcement
As = Med / 0.87ƒykz
= 16 x 106 / (0.87 x 500 x 0.95 x 444)
= 87 mm2
As,min = 0.0013bd = 520 mm2
As,max = 0.04bh = 585 mm2

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REFERENCE CALCULATIONS OUTPUT

Tranverse steel in flange

The longitudinal shear stresses are the greatest over a distance
∆x measure from the point of zero moment
∆x = 0.5 (0.3L) = 0.5 x 1.35 = 675 mm
The change in moment over distance ∆x from zero moment,
∆M = 0.70Mmax
= 0.70 x 53 = 37 kNm
The change in longitudinal force,
∆F d = [∆M / (d-0.5hf )] x [ (b – bw ) / 2b]
= [37 / (460 – 75) ] x [ ( 4500 – 200 ) / 9000 ]
= 42 kN

Longitudinal shear stress,

Ved = ∆Fd / hf∆x
= 42 / 101250
= 4.15 x 10-4 N/mm2
Ved > 0.27fctk = 0.27 x 2.5 = 0.68 N/mm2
Tranverse shear reinforcement is required

Concrete strut capacity in the flange

Ved,max = 0.4fck ( 1 - fck/250 ) / ( cot Θ + tan Θ )
= 0.4 x 40 ( 1 – 40 / 250 ) / ( cot Θ + tan Θ )
= 4.97 N/mm2 ====> Θ = 26.5 o cot Θ = 2.0
2 o
= 6.64 N/mm ====> Θ = 45 cot Θ = 1.0
Ved < Ved,max cot Θ = 2.0
Ved < Ved,max cot Θ = 1.0
o
=======> Therefore angle Θ < 26.5

Θ = 0.5sin-1 [Ved / 0.2 fck ( 1 – fck / 250 ) ]

= 0.5sin-1 [ 4.15 / 0.2 x 40 ( 1 – 40 / 250 ) ]
= 0.5sin-1 [ 0.62 ] = 21.3 o
Use : Θ = 26.5 o tan Θ = 0.50 cot Θ = 2.0
Tranverse shear reinforcement
Asf / sf = Ved hf / 0.8fyk cot Θ
= 4.15 x 150 / 0.8 x 500 x 2.0
= 0.77 Use :
Try : H10 Asf = 79 mm2 H10 - 500
Spacing, s f = 79 / 0.77 = 102 mm ( 157 mm2/m )

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