Child Psychological Maltreatment

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Child Psychological Maltreatment (CPM) is a major cause to emerging PTSD symptoms in

adulthood.
The trauma that people endure has a very high risk of manifesting as a cause of possible PTSD
symptoms in emerging adolescence and adulthood. It stems from Childhood Maltreatment and
possesses a high risk in PTSD diagnosis later on.
PTSD or Post Traumatic Stress Disorder affects almost 80 percent of people who suffer from
acute stress. The symptoms may occur at any time after the event. (Jenni,2024)
Symptoms can be developed due to Biological factors, personal styles, social support systems
and severity and nature of the traumas. Most of the Child Maltreatment (including physical,
emotional and psychological) cases are led due to the severity and the nature of their trauma’s
which range from childhood exposure to five categories of maltreatment, including physical
abuse and neglect, emotional abuse and neglect, and sexual abuse. (Watts et al, 2023)
When the Childhood sexual abuse, PTSD symptoms were measured using the Childhood
Trauma Questionnaire-Short Form (CTQ-SF), 10-item Trauma Screening Questionnaire (TSQ-
10). This study showed the common symptoms arising from this are hypervigilance, sleep
disturbance, nightmare, intrusive thoughts. These were the bridging PTSD symptoms found from
the study. In The people exposed to CPM, SOS or sense of self was a significant predictor of
PTSD symptoms, explaining 34.1% of the variance in the outcome. (Watts et al, 2023)
According to recent research, childhood psychological maltreatment (CPM) is particularly linked
to more severe PTSD symptomology in both adolescence and emerging adulthood. CM in
general has been shown to be a significant risk factor for lifetime and current PTSD in
adulthood, affecting 30%–38% of those exposed. (Watts et al, 2023)
Whereas, when The survey was conducted for cannabis use, young adults in the United States
have an estimated 11% prevalence rate It is not uncommon for individuals who have experienced
past traumatic events to use substances, such as cannabis, to ameliorate symptoms of PTSD. In
fact, PTSD symptoms often co-occur with substance use and substance use disorders, with a
recent meta-analysis reporting high rates of cannabis use disorder among individuals with PTSD
and vice versa.(Davis et al, 2023)
Hence, Child Psychological Maltreatment or CPM can be rightfully said to be the leading cause
of PTSD symptoms in childhood to adulthood. Since it is either by it self or as an underlying
cause with drug abuse or other causes related to causing symptoms of PTSD.

References
01. Jenni,N.(2024). Lecture5: Disorders of Trauma and Stress [PowerPointSlides]. Langara
college. https://d2l.langara.bc.ca/d2l/le/content/290674/viewContent/4865413/View
02.Watts, J. R., Lazzareschi, N. R., Liu, Y., & O’Sullivan, D. (2023). Childhood psychological
maltreatment, sense of self, and PTSD symptoms in emerging adulthood. Journal of Counseling
& Development, 101(1), 96–105. https://doi-org.ezproxy.langara.ca/10.1002/jcad.12455
03.Davis,Jordan,P., Pedersen, Eric R., Tucker, Joan S., Prindle, John., Dunbar, Michael S.,
Seelam, Rachana., D'Amico, Elizabeth J.. Directional associations between posttraumatic stress
disorder symptoms and cannabis use in young adults: Uncovering variation by sex, race, and
ethnicity. Bulletin of the Society of Psychologists in Addictive Behaviors; Bulletin of the Society
of Psychologists in Substance Abuse ,2023.
http://dx.doi.org.ezproxy.langara.ca/10.1037/adb0000973 ;
http://dx.doi.org.ezproxy.langara.ca/10.1037/adb0000973.supp (Supplemental)

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