Chemistry FV Reviewed

PRESIDENT’S OFFICE
REGIONAL ADMINISTRATION AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT

ARUSHA REGION
FORM FIVE TERMINAL EXAMINATION
CHEMISTRY 1
Time: 3:00 Hours 28th NOVEMBER 2022
INSTRUCTIONS
1. This paper consists of sections A and B.
2. Answer all questions from section A and any two questions from section B.
3. Each question in section A carries ten (10) marks and each question in section B carries
fifteen (15) marks.
4. Write your name/ examination number on every page of your answer sheet(s).
5. For calculations you may use the following constants:
Molar gas constant, R = 0.0821 atm L /mol K or 8.314 J/ mol K.
Planck’s constant, h = 6.63 x 10-34 Js
Avogadro’s constant, L = 6.02 x 1023 per mol
Velocity of light, c =3.0 x 108 m/s
Atomic masses: H = 1, C = 12, N = 14, O = 16, F= 19,
Mg = 24, S = 32, Cl= 35.5 K = 39, Ba = 137
SECTION A (70 Marks)

Answer ALL questions from this section.
1. (a) State the following:

(i) Aufbau principle
(ii) Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle
(iii) Pauli’s exclusion principle (03 marks)
(b) An electromagnetic radiation of wavelength 2420 Å is adequate to ionize sodium
atom. Calculate the ionization energy of sodium atom in kJ/mol. (04 marks)
(c) Given the principle quantum number n = 4, respond to the following questions:
(i) List all possible orbitals in this energy level
(ii) Write possible values of magnetic quantum number associated with this principle
quantum number. (03 marks)
2. (a) What are the n, l and m values for 2Px and 3Px electrons? (02marks)
(b) What is designated by the following?
(i) n = 3, L = 0
(ii) n = 4, L = 1
(iii)n = 3, L = 2 (03 marks)
(c) Calculate the maximum number of electron from the series n = 4, L = 2. (02 marks)
Page 1 of 4
(d) From the following sets of quantum numbers, state which ones are possible? Explain
others that are not permitted.
(i) n = 0, L = 0, m = 0, s = +½
(ii) n = 1, L = 0, m = 0, s = -½
(iii)n = 1, L = 1, m = 0, s = +½
(iv) n = 2, L = 1, m = -1, s = -½ (03 marks)
3. (a) Define the following

(i) Hybridization
(ii) Intramolecular hydrogen bonding
(iii) Dative bond
(iv) sp2 hybridization.
(04marks)
(b) Give the hybridization of the following under lined atom for each of the following
compounds:-
(i) NH3 (ii) C2H4 (iii) H2NNH2 (iv) CO2 (04marks)
(c) Briefly explain the following observation
(i) NF3 is triangular pyramid while BF3 is triangular planes.
(ii) NaCl is more ionic in character than AlCl3
4. (a) State:
(i) Graham’s law of diffusion
(ii) Dalton’s law of partial pressure
(iii) The applications of ideal gas equation. (03 marks)
(b) A balloon that is full of air has a volume of 275 cm3 and contains 0.012 mol of air.
What will be the volume of the container after a piece of dry ice (solid CO2) weighing 1g
is added and allowed to sublime? (03
marks)
(c) During the determination of relative molecular mass of a volatile compound, the
following data were obtained:
Mass of chloroform + tube = 0.99g
Mass of empty tube = 0.914 g
Volume of air expelled = 15.5 cm3
Temperature of water bath = 16°C
Aqueous tension at 16°C = 13.6 mmHg
Atmospheric pressure = 750.6 mmHg.
(i) Name the method used to obtain these data
(ii) Calculate the relative molecular mass. (04 marks)
5. (a) What is meant by the term steam distillation? (01 marks)

(b) State one advantage of using steam distillation to isolate a compound. (01 marks)
(c) In steam distillation what conditions the impure compound should satisfy?(03 marks)
(d) Chlorobenzene (C6H5Cl) which is insoluble in water is steam distillated at 99℃ and
atmospheric pressure of 101300Pa. A sample of steam distillate contains 237g of
chlorobenzene for every 10g of water. Calculate the vapour pressure of water and
chlorobenzene at 99℃. (05 marks)
6. (a) Define the following terms:

(i) Standard enthalpy of formation
(ii) Standard enthalpy of combustion
(iii) Standard enthalpy of hydration (03 marks)
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(b) State Hess’s law of constant heat summation. (01 marks)
(c) In an experiment, 2g of ethanol (C2H5OH) was burned completely in air and 60.03kj
were given out. Given the enthalpy changes of formation of CO2 and H2O are
-394 and -286kj/mol respectively.
(i) Write an equation for the formation of ethanol
(ii) Using your equation and data given above calculate Standard enthalpy of
formation of ethanol. (03 marks)
(d) Given 𝐶3𝐻8+5𝑂2→3𝐶𝑂2+𝐻2𝑂
Using the bond enthalpies and equations shown above, calculate Δ𝐻 for the combustion
of pentane (𝟎3 𝒎𝒂𝒓𝒌𝒔)
7. (a) Define the following terms

(i) Periodicity
(ii) isoelectric ions
(iii) screening effect (03 marks)
(b) Explain the following phenomenon :
(i) The size of argon is large than that of chlorine
(ii) The size of sodium is large than that of magnesium
(iii) Ionization energy of nitrogen is greater than that of oxygen
(iv) Electron affinity of chlorine is high than that of fluorine (04 marks)
(c) Arrange S2-, Cl- Ar, K+ and Ca2+ according to the increase in ionic size. (01 marks)
(d) Distinguish between electronegativity and electron affinity of an atom. (02 marks)
SECTION B (30 MARKS)

Answer ONLY TWO questions from this section
8. (a) State Raoult’s law of partial pressure (02 marks)
(b) Define the following terms
(i) Ideal solution
(ii) Vapour pressure
(iii) Completely miscible liquids (03 marks)
(c) At 80℃ the vapour pressure of pure benzene (C6H6) is 740mmHg and that of toluene
(C7H8) is 290mmHg.
(i) Which is the more volatile liquid between the two liquids?
(ii) If the solution is made by mixing equal moles of benzene and toluene at 80℃, what
will be the pressure of the solution?
(iii) Calculate the pressure of the solution at which the partial pressure of benzene
becomes equal to partial pressure of toluene at 80℃. (10 marks)
9. (a) Define the term;

(i) Isotonic solutions.
(ii) Osmotic pressure
(iii) Osmosis (03 marks)
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(b) Explain giving reasons why osmotic pressure is the most suitable colligative
properties for measurement of organic compound molar mass. (03 marks)
(c) The osmotic pressure of an aqueous solution containing 10g of barium chloride (BaCl2)
per dm3 is 3.2 atmospheres at 15℃. Calculate the degree of dissociation of barium
chloride in water. R = 0.0821 atm Lmol-1 K-1 (05 marks)
(d) When 100g of sucrose were dissolved in 1kg of water at 25℃ the vapour pressure
decreased by 16.6 Pa. What is the molar mass of sucrose?
(The vapour pressure of water at 25℃ is 3.17KPa) (04 marks)
10. (a) Show that the volume of gram molar volume is 22.4 dm3 (03 marks)
(b) (i) Under what conditions will a gas deviate from ideality?
(ii) Which postulates of perfect gases are not valid for imperfect gases (03 marks)
(c) A sample of unknown gas is found to effuse through a porous barrier in 15
minutes. Under the same condition of temperature and pressure, it takes 12 minutes
and 48 second for the same volume of nitrogen gas to effuse through the same barrier.
Calculate the molecular mass of the gas and suggest what the gas might be.(05 marks)
(d) 5 litres of gas X at a pressure of 150 kPa and 7 litres of gas Y at a pressure of 250 kPa
are introduced into a 10 litres vessel.
Calculate:
(i) Partial pressures of X and Y.
(ii) The total pressure of the mixture. (04 marks)
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PRESIDENT’S OFFICE

REGIONAL ADMINISTRATION AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT

SECTION A (70 Marks)

1. (a) State the following:

3. (a) Define the following

5. (a) What is meant by the term steam distillation? (01 marks)

6. (a) Define the following terms:

7. (a) Define the following terms

SECTION B (30 MARKS)

9. (a) Define the term;

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